Orientation device for IRS communication system

Abstract

The invention provides an orientation device for an IRS communication system. The orientation device comprises an antenna and a signal detection decision circuit, the antenna is arranged on user equipment UE, a spherical or ellipsoidal outer surface is adopted, the surface is composed of a series of identical surface elements, and each surface element is independently connected with a signal detection decision circuit. By using the device and the corresponding control method provided by the invention, the direction of arrival can be quickly detected, and a data link is established between the IRS and the user UE according to the azimuth angle of radiation between the user UE and the IRS. According to the device structure, the UE can have higher directivity when receiving the signal from the IRS, and misjudgment of the signal radiation direction is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular relates to a directional device used in an IRS communication system. Background Art

[0002] Communication technology based on IRS (Intelligent Reflective Surface) can increase the coverage distance of millimeter wave signals and support reliable data connection between nearby UE (User Equipment) and base stations, and is considered to have broad development prospects. Millimeter wave signal transmission is highly directional, and there is usually relative motion between UE devices and IRS in applications. Therefore, user UE needs to quickly find the direction and positioning between IRS before it can establish a data link with IRS.

[0003] The transmission loss of millimeter wave signals increases rapidly with distance. When the signal reaches a receiver located far away, the intensity becomes very weak or even undetectable. In addition, millimeter wave signals can only be communicated with UEs that are in the direction of signal transmission and within the radiation coverage range. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly obtain the positioning information of the UE relative to the IRS. In the face of this problem, people currently often use software algorithms to solve the angle of the transmitting / receiving antenna beam, but this generally requires high computational complexity and occupies a large amount of time and frequency domain resources. The process of obtaining DoA values ​​through channel analysis is usually affected by factors such as signal interference from other UE devices or the Doppler effect, which will significantly reduce the accuracy of the algorithm.

[0004] In contrast, the traditional half-duplex relay passive reflection system does not require a radio frequency processing link but has low spectrum efficiency, while the full-duplex relay needs to solve the self-interference problem. IRS can perform full-duplex mode and has no antenna noise amplification and self-interference. Therefore, IRS is suitable for large-scale deployment in wireless networks to significantly improve spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. Traditional millimeter wave communication systems require accurate AoD / AoA (Angle of Despatch / Angle of Arrival) values ​​to be calculated before data links can be established at both ends of the transmitter and receiver. Pilot-assisted channel estimation is widely used in wireless broadband communication systems. There should be a sufficient number of pilots to keep up with the speed of channel changes, which will result in too much consumption of spectrum resources. The commonly used MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) algorithm has high accuracy, but its computational complexity is high and requires a large computational storage capacity. Compressed sensing algorithms can be used for channel estimation and can use only a small number of pilots. It is suitable for broadband and multi-antenna applications, but it also has a large computational complexity.

[0005] IRS can adopt the method of jointly optimizing the active beam of the user and the passive beam of IRS. Although this can optimize the point-to-point communication between the user and the base station, it requires an algorithm with higher computational complexity. In addition, the beam formed by the antenna array in the ordinary IRS system does not match the user's azimuth angle, especially when serving fast-moving users, it is difficult to obtain the user's current location, resulting in reduced communication reliability. Some researchers apply methods such as Kalman filters to UE trajectory prediction, but the commonly used algorithm has high data computational complexity. Some application solutions divide the IRS reflection surface into several strongly correlated sub-surfaces, so that the reflection elements in each sub-surface have the same reflection coefficient, which can reduce the computational complexity of the required estimated channel parameters and reduce the pilot overhead, but at the expense of system performance. In addition, the nonlinear effect introduced by the channel changing over time and the interference between users will lead to poor performance. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a directional device for an IRS communication system in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, including an antenna and a signal detection and judgment circuit;

[0007] The antenna is equipped on the user equipment UE and adopts a spherical or ellipsoidal outer surface. The surface is composed of a series of identical face elements. Each face element is independently connected to the signal detection and decision circuit.

[0008] The face element is a regular hexagon.

[0009] The face element is an equilateral triangle.

[0010] The antenna adopts a polarized antenna element whose radiation angle characteristic has a directional characteristic, and an electromagnetic shielding layer is arranged around the antenna element.

[0011] The electromagnetic shielding layer is a metal-plated surface or metal foil. The electromagnetic shielding layer of the antenna element is in the azimuth and elevation directions along the normal direction of the antenna surface. The range of incident angles of the radiated signal that can be received is limited by the angle of the electromagnetic shielding layer installed at the position of the antenna element on the antenna surface. The electromagnetic shielding layer is energized during the period of signal detection to shield the signal radiation of the antenna element outside the set angle range. During the period when the antenna transmits the signal, the electromagnetic shielding layer is insulated from the conductive layer. For example, on the surface of the hemispherical antenna of the device, the number of elements in the elevation direction and the azimuth direction are both 30, and the radiation angle covered by any antenna element is 6 degrees.

[0012] The number of the face elements is N, where N is an integer. Each face element corresponds to a signal line connected to an input end of a signal detection and decision circuit inside the device.

[0013] The signal detection and judgment circuit receives signals from N antenna elements, detects the signals, and judges whether the face element is consistent with the position of the intelligent reflecting surface IRS.

[0014] Only when the position of the intelligent reflecting surface IRS is consistent with the direction of the receiving end of the user equipment UE having an antenna, the power supply of the user equipment works.

[0015] For the signal strength received by the antenna element, a peak search algorithm, such as a binary search algorithm, is used to obtain the peak value of the signal strength, corresponding to the signal received within the radiation angle of the antenna element.

[0016] The working process of the device includes: determining the relative azimuth between the user equipment UE and the intelligent reflecting surface IRS according to the processing result of the signal detection and judgment circuit, starting the transmitting end amplifier on the user equipment UE, and establishing a duplex data link with the intelligent reflecting surface IRS; when the current data transmission is completed, turning off the transmitting amplifier of the UE, and then executing the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, loading pilot information p0 containing X1 bytes into the head of each data string to be sent, and the user equipment UE receives data sent by the intelligent reflective surface IRS in the scene;

[0018] Step 2: For the data received by the i-th bin, where 1≤i≤N, extract the pilot information p at the header of the received message. i , in each pilot information p i Then add X2 consecutive zeros to get P i , N segments of data P i Sequentially combine into data string P Σ ;

[0019] Step 3: The pseudo-random sequence p0 of X1 byte length loaded in the message header is used as a pilot. p0 is subjected to a cyclic shift XNOR operation with its own data string. Under the non-aligned condition, the number of bits of the output string with a value of 1 is less than η*X1, where 0<η<1; X2 bits of continuous "1" data string are added after p0 to form a detection data string C, and the detection data string C and data string P are combined. Σ Circular XOR operation, the value obtained by each shift constitutes the data string Q;

[0020] Step 4: Use a peak search method to find the peak of the data string Q. The normal direction of the surface element corresponding to the peak is the azimuth direction of the intelligent reflection surface IRS relative to the user equipment UE.

[0021] Step 5: Start the transmitting end amplifier of the user equipment UE, and turn off the transmitting end amplifier when data transmission is not required.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By using the device of the present invention and the corresponding control method, the direction of the incoming wave can be quickly detected, and a data link can be established between the IRS and the user UE according to the azimuth of the radiation between the user UE and the IRS. The device structure can make the UE have higher directivity when receiving the signal from the IRS, avoiding misjudgment of the signal radiation direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal surface elements on the antenna surface.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the equilateral triangle surface element on the antenna surface.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides a directional device for an IRS communication system, including an antenna and a signal detection and decision circuit;

[0028] The antenna is equipped on the user equipment UE and adopts a spherical or ellipsoidal outer surface. The surface is composed of a series of identical face elements, and each face element is independently connected to the signal detection and decision circuit. These face elements can be in the shape of a regular hexagon, an equilateral triangle, etc. Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown.

[0029] The above-mentioned planar antenna is characterized in that it uses a polarized antenna element with a strong directivity in radiation angle, and is surrounded by a circle of electromagnetic shielding layers, which can be metal-plated surfaces or metal foils to shield the signal radiation of the antenna element outside the set angle range. The above-mentioned planar antenna has a total of N planar elements, and the planar element n in the antenna corresponds to a signal line cn, and the internal signal strength judgment circuit is connected.

[0030] The signal strength judgment circuit is composed of a series of selectors. Different from the conventional azimuth detection device which is usually implemented by Esprit, Kalman filtering and other algorithms, the hardware circuit judgment is adopted here to improve the processing speed and reduce the occupation of computing resources. A pilot information is set in the message header information of the data string received by each antenna. The signal strength judgment circuit then serializes the data received from all the bins into a data string in sequence. The method for detecting the data string can adopt but is not limited to the correlation operation of the data string. When the pilot information in a certain data string can be correctly decoded, the azimuth of the bin n corresponding to the data string is locked.

[0031] The power supply of the user equipment works only when the transmitting antenna is in the same direction as the receiving end, which is used to reduce power consumption. The signal strength detected by the millimeter wave receiving sensor uses a search algorithm to obtain the peak value corresponding to the correct radiation angle.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the working process of the device includes: determining the relative azimuth between the user equipment UE and the intelligent reflecting surface IRS, starting the transmitting amplifier on the user equipment UE, and establishing a duplex data link with the intelligent reflecting surface IRS. When the current data transmission is completed, turn off the transmitting amplifier of the user equipment UE. Because of the rapid switching of the transmission direction of the millimeter wave signal, the on-off state of the power tube must be constantly changed, the dv / dt change is very large, the load current of the output stage switches between current and open circuit, and there are overshoot and undershoot voltages at the output end. The larger fluctuation voltage indicates that the output voltage has a higher voltage fluctuation when the load current switches rapidly. Pay attention to the reasonable design of the absorbing network and the discharge circuit to avoid self-excitation and prevent mutual interference between users. The specific steps include the following:

[0033] Step 1, loading pilot information p0 containing X1 bytes into the head of each data string to be sent, and the user equipment UE receives data sent by the intelligent reflective surface IRS in the scene;

[0034] Step 2: For the data received by the i-th bin, where 1≤i≤N, extract the pilot information p at the header of the received message. i , in each pilot information p i Then add X2 consecutive zeros to get P i , N segments of data P i Sequentially combine into data string P Σ ;

[0035] Step 3: The pseudo-random sequence p0 of X1 byte length loaded in the message header is used as a pilot. p0 is subjected to a cyclic shift XNOR operation with its own data string. Under the non-aligned condition, the number of bits of the output string with a value of 1 is less than η*X1, where 0<η<1; X2 bits of continuous "1" data string are added after p0 to form a detection data string C, and the detection data string C and data string P are combined. Σ Circular XOR operation, the value obtained by each shift constitutes the data string Q;

[0036] Step 4: Use a peak search method to find the peak of the data string Q. The normal direction of the surface element corresponding to the peak is the azimuth direction of the intelligent reflection surface IRS relative to the user equipment UE.

[0037] Step 5: Start the transmitting end amplifier of the user equipment UE, and turn off the transmitting end amplifier when data transmission is not required.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention adopts a three-dimensional antenna structure including facets, and each facet is independently connected to the antenna interface. When working, the pilot data of the data message header of the facet is combined into a serial data sequence, and a cyclic correlation operation is performed with a specific detection data sequence, and the relative position of the current user equipment UE and the intelligent reflective surface IRS is determined according to the peak value that appears. After the position is determined, the transmitting end amplifier of the UE works, and after the data is sent, the amplifier is turned off.

[0039] The present invention provides a directional device for an IRS communication system. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A directional device for an IRS communication system, characterized in that: Including antenna and signal detection and decision circuit; The antenna is equipped on the user equipment UE and adopts a spherical or ellipsoidal outer surface. The surface is composed of a series of identical face elements. Each face element is independently connected to the signal detection and decision circuit.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The face element is a regular hexagon.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The face element is an equilateral triangle.

4. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The antenna adopts a polarized antenna element whose radiation angle characteristic has a directional characteristic, and an electromagnetic shielding layer is arranged around the antenna element.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The electromagnetic shielding layer is a metal-plated surface or a metal foil. The azimuth angle and elevation angle of the electromagnetic shielding layer of the antenna surface element along the normal direction of the antenna surface, and the range of incident angles of the radiated signal that can be received are limited by the angle of the electromagnetic shielding layer installed at the position of the antenna surface element. During the period of the detection signal, a static potential is connected to the electromagnetic shielding layer to shield the signal radiation of the antenna element outside the set angle range.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The number of the face elements is N, where N is an integer. Each face element corresponds to a signal line connected to an input end of a signal detection and decision circuit inside the device.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The signal detection and judgment circuit receives signals from N antenna elements, detects the signals, and judges whether the face element is consistent with the position of the intelligent reflecting surface IRS.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that Only when the position of the intelligent reflecting surface IRS is consistent with the direction of the receiving end of the user equipment UE having an antenna, the power supply of the user equipment works.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that For the signal strength received by the antenna element, a peak search algorithm is used to obtain the peak value of the signal strength, which corresponds to the signal received within the radiation angle of the antenna element.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The working process of the device includes: Step 1, loading pilot information p0 containing X1 bytes into the head of each data string to be sent, and the user equipment UE receives data sent by the intelligent reflective surface IRS in the scene; Step 2: For the data received by the i-th bin, where 1≤i≤N, extract the pilot information p at the header of the received message. i , in each pilot information p i Then add X2 consecutive zeros to get P i , N segments of data P i Sequentially combine into data string P Σ ; Step 3: The pseudo-random sequence p0 of X1 byte length loaded in the message header is used as a pilot. p0 is subjected to a cyclic shift XNOR operation with its own data string. Under the non-aligned condition, the number of bits of the output string with a value of 1 is less than η*X1, where 0<η<1; X2 bits of continuous 1 data string are added after p0 to form a detection data string C, and the detection data string C and data string P are combined. Σ Circular XOR operation, the value obtained by each shift constitutes the data string Q; Step 4: Use a peak search method to find the peak of the data string Q. The normal direction of the surface element corresponding to the peak is the azimuth direction of the intelligent reflection surface IRS relative to the user equipment UE. Step 5: Start the transmitting end amplifier of the user equipment UE, and turn off the transmitting end amplifier when data transmission is not required.

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