Thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and thermal runaway flue gas treatment device

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which are used for effectively treating thermal runaway flue gas so as to solve the problem of potential safety hazards when the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged out of a battery shell. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps: conveying thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of a battery into an organic solvent, and treating the thermal runaway flue gas, the organic solvent is at least one of an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent; and conveying the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the organic solvent into an adsorption medium for treatment. According to the combined treatment mode, the gas amount of the treated thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the thermal runaway flue gas is harmless, and the problem of potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged out of a battery shell is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of battery safety, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment method and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Lithium batteries have gradually become the mainstream product for energy storage due to their advantages such as high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance and low self-discharge rate.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage systems, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Due to the high concentration of battery packs in energy storage systems, under the influence of factors such as battery overcharge, overdischarge, overheating, and mechanical collision, the battery diaphragm collapses and internal short circuits occur, leading to thermal runaway, which may eventually cause fire inside the battery, and in severe cases, cause explosions, posing safety hazards.

[0004] When a lithium battery is in complete thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery can reach as high as 500-1000°C. The gases generated during the thermal runaway process cause the internal pressure of the battery to increase, causing the battery shell to expand and rupture. Eventually the explosion relief valve opens, spraying and releasing the evaporated electrolyte and reaction gases inside the battery, forming thermal runaway smoke.

[0005] The above-mentioned thermal runaway smoke is discharged outside the battery casing, which is easy to accumulate and cause safety hazards such as combustion. At the same time, the above-mentioned thermal runaway smoke will also cause certain pollution to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a thermal runaway smoke treatment method and a thermal runaway smoke treatment device, which are used to effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke to solve the potential safety hazard problem of thermal runaway smoke being discharged outside a battery housing.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A method for treating thermal runaway flue gas, the method comprising:

[0009] The thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to an organic solvent, and the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas is treated by the principle of like dissolves like; the organic solvent is at least one of an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent;

[0010] The thermal runaway flue gas treated with organic solvent is transported to the adsorption medium for treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, the ester solvent is methyl salicylate solvent or diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent, benzyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent or isooctyl alcohol solvent.

[0012] Furthermore, the ester solvent is diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent.

[0013] Furthermore, the adsorption medium is activated carbon.

[0014] The present invention provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, comprising a first treatment device and a second treatment device, wherein the first treatment device comprises at least one first treatment tank, on which a first flue gas inlet and a first flue gas outlet are provided; the first treatment tank is filled with an organic solvent for treating an electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, and the organic solvent is an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent; the second treatment device is connected to the first treatment device, and comprises at least one second treatment tank, on which a second flue gas inlet and a second flue gas outlet are provided; the second treatment tank is filled with an adsorption medium for treating the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the first treatment device.

[0015] Furthermore, the ester solvent is methyl salicylate solvent or diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent, benzyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent or isooctyl alcohol solvent.

[0016] Furthermore, the ester solvent is diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent.

[0017] Furthermore, a breaking up component is provided in the first processing tank for breaking up and diverting the thermal runaway flue gas entering the first processing tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the first flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first processing tank, and a first one-way valve is arranged at the first flue gas inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, a porous plate is provided on the top of the cavity of the first processing tank.

[0020] Furthermore, the adsorption medium is activated carbon.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to an organic solvent. According to the principle of like dissolves like, the organic solvent can fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, and at the same time can prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose. The amount of gas in the thermal runaway flue gas treated with the organic solvent is greatly reduced, and then the remaining gas in the thermal runaway flue gas is fully treated by the subsequent adsorption medium. This combined treatment method can treat the electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas separately, and the amount of gas after treatment is greatly reduced. At the same time, it is harmless and can be discharged directly, solving the potential safety hazard problem of thermal runaway flue gas being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0023] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, methyl salicylate and diethyl phthalate are selected as ester solvents with relatively significant treatment effects, and isoamyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and isooctyl alcohol are selected as alcohol solvents with relatively significant treatment effects. Among them, diethyl phthalate and isoamyl alcohol have the best treatment effects.

[0024] 3. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment method of the present invention, the adsorption medium is selected from activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively good treatment effect.

[0025] 4. The present invention also provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which includes a first treatment device and a second treatment device. The first treatment tank of the first treatment device is filled with an organic solvent. The organic solvent can not only treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, but also prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose. The remaining gas in the thermal runaway flue gas is fully treated by the adsorption medium in the second treatment device. This combined treatment method can treat the electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas separately. The amount of gas after treatment is greatly reduced. At the same time, it is harmless and can be discharged directly, which solves the safety hazard problem of thermal runaway smoke being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0026] 5. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, the second treatment tank is a slender pipeline filled with an adsorption medium, and the slender pipeline extends the adsorption path of the adsorption medium, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the adsorption medium in the slender pipeline. At the same time, the second treatment tank of this structure can also be used as a flue gas conveying pipeline to convey the thermal runaway flue gas in the energy storage box to the outside of the energy storage box.

[0027] 6. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a dispersion component is provided in the first treatment tank, and the dispersion component is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the first treatment tank, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the organic solvent, thereby further improving the treatment effect of the organic solvent.

[0028] 7. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, the first flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first treatment tank to allow the organic solvent to fully contact the thermal runaway flue gas and further improve the treatment effect. A first one-way valve is arranged at the first flue gas inlet to prevent the organic solvent in the first treatment tank from flowing back.

[0029] 8. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the present invention, a porous plate is also provided on the top of the cavity of the first treatment tank, and the porous plate is used to place the adsorption medium. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the organic solvent, it will carry part of the organic solvent, and the organic solvent can be adsorbed by the adsorption medium on the porous plate, so that the gas discharged from the first treatment tank is safer.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first processing tank in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first processing tank in Example 2.

[0035] Figure numerals: 1-first treatment tank, 2-second treatment tank, 11-cylinder, 12-end cover, 13-first flue gas inlet, 14-first flue gas outlet, 15-breaking component, 16-first one-way valve, 17-porous plate, 21-second flue gas inlet, 22-second flue gas outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The "other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0038] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] Existing energy storage devices generally include an energy storage cabinet and multiple battery modules arranged in the energy storage cabinet. The battery modules can be formed by connecting existing single cylindrical batteries or square shell batteries in series or in parallel, or by using large-capacity batteries composed of existing single batteries. The above battery modules are prone to thermal runaway during use or when overcharged, over-discharged, or mechanically collided.

[0041] Research shows that when a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions will occur inside, releasing a large amount of heat and gas, such as: SEI film decomposition reaction (90-120°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (100-350°C), electrolyte decomposition reaction (110-300°C), diaphragm shrinkage and melting reaction (>130°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (200-300°C), and binder decomposition reaction (200-300°C), etc. The above reactions do not occur in a fixed order, nor do they proceed independently.

[0042] When the battery temperature is around 90-120℃, first, the SEI film decomposes, releasing heat and producing gases such as C2H4, CO2 and O2. As the temperature continues to rise, when the battery temperature is around 120℃, the negative electrode surface has lost the protection of the SE I film, and the embedded lithium reacts with the electrolyte organic solvents such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) to produce C x H y Gas. When the temperature is 110-300°C, the electrolyte and the electrolyte itself will also undergo a series of decomposition reactions to produce some fluorides. As the temperature continues to rise, the positive electrode material begins to decompose and produce O2. The O2 produced by the decomposition of the positive electrode material reacts with the solvent of the electrolyte: when the O2 concentration is high, the reaction produces CO2, and when the O2 concentration is low, the reaction produces CO. When the battery temperature exceeds 235°C, the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) will react with lithium and self-decompose.

[0043] From the above process, it can be seen that when the battery is in thermal runaway, the exhaust gas mainly includes the following components: vaporized electrolyte, CO2, CO, H2, C x H y , C x H y O z , C x H y F, POF3 and HF, etc. The thermal runaway flue gas contains not only hydrogen, CO, CO2, methane and other gases, but also a large amount of electrolyte vapor. The vaporized electrolyte will not only react with the positive or negative electrode in the battery cavity, but also undergo a series of decomposition reactions itself, and continue to produce a large amount of harmful gases.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The thermal runaway flue gas of lithium-ion battery mainly includes vaporized electrolyte and CO2, CO, H2, C x H y , C x H y O z , C x H yF, POF3 and HF and other reaction gases. This embodiment provides a method for treating thermal runaway flue gas, which mainly passes the above-mentioned thermal runaway flue gas through an organic solvent and an adsorption medium in sequence. The organic solvent can treat the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, and also prevents the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and react. The adsorption medium can treat the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The organic solvent and the adsorption medium respectively treat the electrolyte and gas in the above-mentioned thermal runaway flue gas, so that the gas volume of the thermal runaway flue gas after treatment is greatly reduced, which solves the potential safety hazard problem of the thermal runaway flue gas being discharged outside the battery casing.

[0046] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment method proposed in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0047] The thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to an organic solvent to treat the thermal runaway flue gas;

[0048] The thermal runaway flue gas treated with organic solvent is transported to the adsorption medium for treatment.

[0049] It is known from a large number of existing experiments that the flue gas generated after the thermal runaway of the battery contains a large amount of electrolyte and gas, and the carbonate vapor accounts for a large proportion of the electrolyte. Therefore, according to the principle that like dissolves like in organic solvents, an organic solvent is used to absorb the flue gas after the thermal runaway of the battery to treat the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas. The organic solvent is specifically an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent. When treating the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, one of the organic solvents can be used, for example, only an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent is used to treat the thermal runaway flue gas, or two or three of the organic solvents can be used, for example, the thermal runaway flue gas is treated in turn by an ester solvent and an alcohol solvent, or the thermal runaway flue gas is treated in turn by an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent, an aldehyde solvent, and so on.

[0050] Among the above-mentioned organic solvents, the ester solvents can specifically be diethyl phthalate solvents, methyl salicylate solvents, ethyl acetate solvents or butyl acetate solvents, etc., the alcohol solvents can specifically be benzyl alcohol solvents, isoamyl alcohol solvents, isobutanol solvents, isopropanol solvents, isooctyl alcohol solvents, n-propanol solvents or cyclohexanol solvents, etc., and the aldehyde solvents can be benzaldehyde solvents, heptaldehyde, phenylpropionaldehyde or methylnonaneacetaldehyde, etc. The organic solvent has multiple functions. First, according to the principle of like dissolves like, the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas is treated; second, the vaporized electrolyte is prevented from continuing to decompose and produce harmful gases, and the thermal runaway flue gas is treated at the source; third, the thermal runaway flue gas is cooled; when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the organic solvent, the amount of gas collected is greatly reduced. The following table shows the treatment effect of each organic solvent on the thermal runaway flue gas, among which Table 1 shows the data of the untreated fully charged 32650 battery after thermal runaway; Table 2 shows the treatment data of the thermal runaway flue gas after the thermal runaway of the fully charged 32650 battery after thermal runaway by different organic solvents;

[0051] Table 1 Unprocessed full-charge 32650 battery out-of-control data

[0052]

[0053] Table 2 Treatment data of thermal runaway flue gas by different organic solvents

[0054]

[0055] According to the above test data, when the thermal runaway flue gas of a fully charged 32650 battery is not treated in any way, the volume of the collected gas is 4L.

[0056] When the thermal runaway flue gas of a fully charged 32650 battery passes through different organic solvents, the gas volume drops significantly. Among the ester solvents, the treatment effects of methyl salicylate and diethyl phthalate are relatively significant, and the volume of gas collected is about 2L. Among the alcohol solvents, the treatment effects of isoamyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, isobutanol, and isooctyl alcohol are relatively significant, and the volume of gas collected is also about 2L. Among them, the treatment effects of diethyl phthalate and isoamyl alcohol are the best, and the volume of gas collected is the smallest, only about 1.5L.

[0057] From the above experimental results, it can be seen that organic solvents can effectively treat thermal runaway flue gas, so that the volume of the treated thermal runaway flue gas is greatly reduced. On this basis, this embodiment further treats the residual gas after the above treatment, so that the treated gas is completely non-combustible and can be directly discharged to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries.

[0058] In this embodiment, the remaining thermal runaway flue gas after the organic solvent treatment is treated by an adsorption medium, and the adsorption medium treats the remaining H2, CO, methane, ethylene, hydrogen fluoride and other gases. The adsorption medium can be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass; preferably, the above-mentioned adsorption medium selects activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively excellent treatment effect, generally selecting activated carbon or modified activated carbon with a high iodine value. This type of activated carbon is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gases in the thermal runaway flue gas, for example, it is easy to react with hydrogen, methane and the like.

[0059] The following are the treatment effects of different organic solvents and adsorption media combined on thermal runaway flue gas.

[0060] Table 3 Treatment data of ester + activated carbon on thermal runaway flue gas

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Table 4 Treatment data of ester + activated carbon on thermal runaway flue gas

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] When the thermal runaway flue gas from a fully charged 32650 battery runs out of control without any treatment, the volume of gas collected is 4L.

[0067] The thermal runaway flue gas after a fully charged 32650 battery runs out of control is first passed through a diethyl phthalate solvent. After being treated with activated carbon, the volume of the collected gas is less than 1.2L. After increasing the amount of activated carbon, the thermal runaway flue gas can be reduced to about 0.3L, and the gas is completely non-flammable. It can be seen that the above-mentioned combined treatment method can effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery.

[0068] The thermal runaway flue gas after a fully charged 32650 battery runs out of control is first passed through an isoamyl alcohol solvent. After being treated with activated carbon, the volume of the collected gas is less than 1L. After increasing the amount of activated carbon, the thermal runaway flue gas can be reduced to about 0.2L, and the gas is completely non-flammable. It can be seen that the above-mentioned combined treatment method can effectively treat the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery.

[0069] According to the above experimental results, it was found that the combination of organic solvent + adsorption medium can have a good treatment effect on battery thermal runaway smoke.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which includes a first treatment device and a second treatment device. The first treatment device is used to treat the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, and the second treatment device is used to treat the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0072] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first treatment device comprises at least one first treatment tank 1, and the first treatment tank 1 is provided with a first flue gas inlet 13 and a first flue gas outlet 14; if there are multiple first treatment tanks 1, the multiple first treatment tanks 1 are connected in series in sequence.

[0073] The above-mentioned first treatment tank 1 is a split structure, mainly composed of a cylinder 11 with open ends and two end covers 12 arranged at the open ends; when the end cover 12 is connected to the cylinder 11, it can be connected by threads or by flanges. Regardless of the connection method, attention must be paid to the sealing of the connection. At this time, the first flue gas inlet 13 and the first flue gas outlet 14 can be arranged on the end cover.

[0074] The first treatment tank 1 is filled with an organic solvent, and the thermal runaway flue gas directly contacts the organic solvent in the first treatment tank 1 through the first flue gas inlet 13, and the organic solvent treats the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas. The organic solvent is an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent. According to the different electrolytes of each battery, the corresponding organic solvent can be used. The organic solvents filled in the multiple first treatment tanks 1 can be the same or different. For example, the multiple first treatment tanks 1 are all filled with ester solvents, alcohol solvents or aldehyde solvents; or, among the multiple first treatment tanks 1, some of the first treatment tanks 1 are filled with ester solvents, and the remaining first treatment tanks 1 are filled with alcohol solvents; or, among the multiple first treatment tanks 1, some of the first treatment tanks 1 are filled with ester solvents, some of the first treatment tanks 1 are filled with alcohol solvents, and the remaining first treatment tanks 1 are filled with aldehyde solvents.

[0075] Ester solvents can specifically be diethyl phthalate solvents, methyl salicylate solvents, ethyl acetate solvents or butyl acetate solvents, etc., alcohol solvents can specifically be benzyl alcohol solvents, isoamyl alcohol solvents, isobutanol solvents, isopropanol solvents, isooctyl alcohol solvents, n-propyl alcohol solvents or cyclohexanol solvents, etc., and aldehyde solvents are benzaldehyde solvents, heptaldehyde, phenyl propionaldehyde or methyl nonyl acetaldehyde, etc. Wherein, in ester solvents, the treatment effect of methyl salicylate solvents and diethyl phthalate solvents is relatively significant, and the gas volume collected is about 2L, and in alcohol solvents, the treatment effect of isoamyl alcohol solvents, benzyl alcohol solvents, isobutanol solvents, isooctyl alcohol solvents is relatively significant, and the gas volume collected is also about 2L. Wherein, the treatment effect of diethyl phthalate solvents and isoamyl alcohol solvents is the best, and the gas volume collected is the minimum, which is only about 1.5L.

[0076] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shape of the first treatment tank 1 is not limited, and can be a rectangular tank body, a circular tank body, an elliptical tank body, and the like. In the present embodiment, the first treatment tank 1 specifically adopts a circular tank body, and the circular tank body has good pressure-bearing performance. At the same time, in the present embodiment, the first flue gas inlet 13 can be specifically arranged at the bottom of the circular tank body, and the second flue gas inlet 21 is arranged at the top of the first treatment tank 1. This arrangement enables the thermal runaway flue gas to fully pass through the organic solvent in the circular tank body, and fully treat the thermal runaway flue gas, thereby further improving the treatment effect. In addition, a first one-way valve 16 is installed at the first flue gas inlet 13 of the first treatment tank 1, and the first one-way valve 16 avoids the problem of backflow of the organic solvent in the first treatment tank 1.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the first treatment tank 1 is also provided with a dispersing component 15, which is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the first treatment tank 1, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the organic solvent. The dispersing component 15 includes at least one foam copper column, which is fixed to the first flue gas inlet 13 during specific installation, and is used to disperse and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the first treatment tank 1; foam copper is a structure with a large number of three-dimensional holes in a copper matrix, which has a dispersing and buffering effect on the fluid. When in use, it is processed into a columnar structure and installed on the first flue gas inlet 13. The thermal runaway flue gas enters from the bottom of the foam copper column through the first flue gas inlet 13, and then flows out through the side wall or top of the foam copper column to achieve the dispersion and buffering effect on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0078] like Figure 3As shown, a porous plate 17 may also be provided at the top of the inner cavity of the first treatment tank 1, and the porous plate 17 is used to place an adsorption medium. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the organic solvent, it will carry part of the organic solvent, and the organic solvent can be adsorbed by the adsorption medium on the porous plate 17, so that the gas discharged from the first treatment tank 1 is safer.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, the second treatment device includes at least one second treatment tank 2, which is provided with a second flue gas inlet 21 and a second flue gas outlet 22; the second treatment tank 2 is filled with an adsorption medium for treating the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the first treatment tank 1.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the second treatment tank 2 can be specifically a slender pipeline filled with an adsorption medium. The slender pipeline extends the adsorption path of the adsorption medium, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can fully contact and react with the adsorption medium in the slender pipeline. At the same time, the second treatment tank 2 of this structure can also be used as a flue gas delivery pipeline to deliver the thermal runaway flue gas in the energy storage box to the outside of the energy storage box. When specifically connected, the end of the slender pipeline is provided with a thread to connect with the second flue gas inlet 21 of the first treatment tank 1.

[0081] The adsorption medium in the second treatment tank 2 may be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass, etc., which is used to treat the residual gas after treatment in the first treatment tank 1, for example, to adsorb excess H2, CO, methane, ethylene, etc. Preferably, the adsorption medium is selected from activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively excellent treatment effect, generally, activated carbon or modified activated carbon with high iodine value is selected, such activated carbon is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gases in thermal runaway flue gas, for example, it is easy to react with hydrogen, methane, etc.

[0082] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment introduces the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery into the first treatment tank 1 for treatment. The first treatment tank 1 specifically treats the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery, and prevents the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and react to produce gas, thereby reducing the gas production of the thermal runaway gas of the battery. The subsequent second treatment tank 2 can complete the treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas with less adsorption medium. At the same time, the treated gas is not flammable, which improves the safety of the lithium-ion battery during use.

Claims

1. A method for treating thermal runaway flue gas, characterized in that: The method comprises: The thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to an organic solvent, and the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas is treated by the principle of like dissolves like; the organic solvent is at least one of an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent; The thermal runaway flue gas treated with organic solvent is transported to the adsorption medium for treatment.

2. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ester solvent is methyl salicylate solvent or diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent, benzyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent or isooctyl alcohol solvent.

3. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ester solvent is diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent.

4. The method for treating thermal runaway flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption medium is activated carbon.

5. A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: The method comprises a first treatment device and a second treatment device, wherein the first treatment device comprises at least one first treatment tank, and the first treatment tank is provided with a first flue gas inlet and a first flue gas outlet; the first treatment tank is filled with an organic solvent for treating the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, and the organic solvent is an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent; The second treatment device is connected to the first treatment device, and includes at least one second treatment tank, on which a second flue gas inlet and a second flue gas outlet are provided; the second treatment tank is filled with an adsorption medium for treating the thermal runaway flue gas treated by the first treatment device.

6. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ester solvent is methyl salicylate solvent and diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent, benzyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent and isooctyl alcohol solvent.

7. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ester solvent is diethyl phthalate solvent, and the alcohol solvent is isoamyl alcohol solvent.

8. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second processing tank is a long and thin pipeline filled with adsorption medium.

9. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first processing tank is provided with a breaking up assembly for breaking up and diverting the thermal runaway flue gas entering the first processing tank.

10. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first processing tank, and a first one-way valve is arranged at the first flue gas inlet.

11. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A porous plate is also provided on the top of the cavity of the first processing tank.

12. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption medium is activated carbon.

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