Production line and method for preparing hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier

Abstract

The production line comprises a preheating furnace, a tubular furnace and a cooling furnace which are connected in sequence, the preheating furnace comprises a first furnace body, a rack, a first feeding pipe, a first discharging pipe, a preheating device and a first driving mechanism, the first furnace body is rotationally connected to the rack, and the second furnace body is rotationally connected to the rack; the two ends of the first furnace body are rotationally connected with the first feeding pipe and the first discharging pipe correspondingly, a first preheating conveying blade is arranged in the first furnace body, a material guiding barrel is arranged in the first preheating conveying blade, a second preheating conveying blade is arranged on the inner side wall of the material guiding barrel, and the preheating device and the first driving mechanism are installed on the rack. The preheating device preheats the first furnace body, and the first driving mechanism drives the first furnace body to rotate. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst carrier has the advantages that preheating and drying can be performed during preparation of the activated carbon, carbonization and activation effects are improved, carbonization and activation processes in the production process of the activated carbon can be effectively controlled, and the catalyst carrier with large aperture and high specific gravity is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of catalyst carrier production equipment, and in particular to a production line and method for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier. Background Art

[0003] If the large-scale application of hydrogen energy industry is to be realized, the challenges faced are mainly low-cost and high-efficiency fuel cell technology and safe and efficient hydrogen storage and transportation technology. Among them, the difficulty of hydrogen storage and transportation and poor safety are the main "bottlenecks" restricting the development of hydrogen energy industry.

[0004] Ammonia (NH3) is a basic chemical raw material related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and is widely used in fertilizers, environmental protection, military, refrigeration and other fields. At the same time, ammonia is the best medium for efficient hydrogen storage, and it has the following advantages:

[0005] High energy density. The volume energy density of ammonia is about 13.6MJ·L-1, 1L of liquid ammonia = 4.5L of high-pressure hydrogen (35.0MPa) = 1200L of hydrogen at room temperature and pressure.

[0006] The cost of liquefied storage and transportation is low. Ammonia can be stored and transported in liquid form by pressurizing it to 1.0 MPa. A liquid ammonia tank truck can carry up to 30 tons of ammonia (about 5.29 tons of hydrogen), which is an order of magnitude higher than a long tube trailer (with a hydrogen capacity of less than 400 kg). Therefore, the cost of transporting ammonia (about 0.001 yuan·kg-1·km-1) is also an order of magnitude lower than the cost of transporting hydrogen (0.02-0.10 yuan·kg-1·km-1).

[0007] Carbon-free energy storage. Ammonia's mature technical system, standard specifications, and low-cost synthesis, storage, and transportation can achieve seasonal, long-distance, "carbon-free" "ammonia-hydrogen" energy storage. Studies have shown that among the several types of electricity-to-liquid fuel technologies currently under research (liquid hydrogen, liquid ammonia, liquefied natural gas, methanol, and organic liquid hydrogen storage), electricity-to-ammonia has the lowest cost and is second only to other electricity-to-liquid fuel technologies in terms of efficiency.

[0008] High safety. Ammonia is only Class B in fire hazard, and its explosion limit (16%-25%) is narrower than that of hydrogen (4%-76%), so it is safer. Its pungent smell is a reliable alarm signal. Therefore, the development of ammonia as a hydrogen storage medium is expected to solve the problem of traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation.

[0009] In hydrogen-ammonia conversion technology, choosing a suitable catalyst is the key to achieving efficient hydrogen-ammonia conversion. Activated carbon, as a commonly used hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier on the market, has higher stability. At present, activated carbon mainly adopts the traditional phosphoric acid process, which uses a rotary kiln for heating for carbonization and activation. However, the activator used in the traditional phosphoric acid process is liquid phosphoric acid, which contains a lot of water. During the carbonization and activation process, the granulated pellets have a high water content. After dehydration, a carbon skeleton is formed, resulting in insufficient shrinkage ratio of the pellets, making the pellets not compact enough, resulting in a low bulk density of the final activated carbon, which is not suitable for the catalyst carrier of hydrogen-ammonia conversion.

[0010] In view of this, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the above issues, which led to the present case. Summary of the invention

[0011] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier, which can preheat and dry the activated carbon during preparation, and fully heat the activated carbon to improve the carbonization and activation effects, so that the activated carbon can be fully dehydrated during the preparation process, and the specific gravity of the activated product can be greatly increased.

[0012] The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method capable of obtaining a catalyst carrier with large pore size and high specific gravity.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

[0014] A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier comprises a preheating furnace, a tubular furnace and a cooling furnace, wherein the feed port of the tubular furnace is communicated with the discharge port of the preheating furnace, and the discharge port of the tubular furnace is communicated with the feed port of the cooling furnace, the preheating furnace comprises a first furnace body, a frame, a first feed pipe, a first discharge pipe, a preheating device and a first driving mechanism, the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe are fixedly connected to the frame, the first furnace body is rotatably connected to the frame, the two ends of the first furnace body are rotatably connected to the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe respectively, a first preheating conveying blade is arranged on the inner side wall of the first furnace body, a fixedly connected material guide cylinder is arranged on the inner side wall of the first preheating conveying blade, a second preheating conveying blade is arranged on the inner side wall of the material guide cylinder, the first preheating conveying blade and the second preheating conveying blade have opposite spiral directions, the preheating device and the first driving mechanism are mounted on the frame, the preheating device preheats the first furnace body, and the first driving mechanism drives the first furnace body to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a first transmission shaft and a first transmission wheel. The first transmission wheel is sleeved on both ends of the first transmission shaft. The first transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The power output end of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft. A first guide slide is provided on the outer wall of the first furnace body. The first transmission wheel extends into the first guide slide. The side wall of the first transmission wheel is in contact with the side wall of the first furnace body for transmission.

[0016] Furthermore, the side wall of the material guiding cylinder is arranged to be gradually inclined upward from the first material feeding pipe toward the first material discharging pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, a second motor is installed on the side wall of the first feed pipe, a first feed hopper is provided at the upper end of the first feed pipe, a rotatably connected feed shaft is provided in the first feed hopper, a first spiral blade is provided on the outer side wall of the feed shaft, and a power output end of the second motor is connected to the feed shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, the cooling furnace includes a second furnace body, a second feed pipe, a second discharge pipe, a material guide rack, a shovel rack, a cooling device and a second driving mechanism. The second feed pipe and the second discharge pipe are fixedly connected to the frame, and the second furnace body is rotatably connected to the frame. The two ends of the second furnace body are respectively rotatably connected to the second feed pipe and the second discharge pipe. The inner side wall of the second furnace body is provided with a second spiral blade, the material guide rack is fixedly connected to the second spiral blade, the material guide rack is extended along the second feed pipe toward the second discharge pipe, the shovel rack is installed on one side of the feed port of the second furnace body, the cooling device and the second driving mechanism are installed on the frame, the cooling device dissipates heat and cools the second furnace body, and the second driving mechanism drives the second furnace body to rotate.

[0019] Furthermore, the material guide rack includes a plurality of material guide plates evenly distributed in an array around the central axis of the second furnace body, a material guide groove is provided in the middle of the material guide plate, and the material guide plate is gradually inclined downward along the second feed pipe toward the second discharge pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism includes a third motor, a second transmission shaft and a second transmission wheel. The second transmission wheel is sleeved on both ends of the second transmission shaft. The first transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The power output end of the third motor is connected to the second transmission shaft. A second guide slide is provided on the outer wall of the second furnace body. The second transmission wheel extends into the second guide slide. The side wall of the second transmission wheel is in contact with the side wall of the second furnace body for transmission.

[0021] Furthermore, the shoveling rack includes a plurality of shoveling plates arranged around the feeding port of the second furnace body, the ends of the shoveling plates are inclined toward the inner side wall of the second furnace body, and shoveling grooves are provided on the shoveling plates.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, in the production line of the present invention, the pellets are preliminarily preheated by a preheating furnace, and the pellets are repeatedly stirred by the first preheating conveying blade and the second preheating conveying blade in the preheating furnace, so that the pellets are turned over more fully, thereby improving the preheating effect. The dehydration effect before the activation of the pellets is further improved, and the activation efficiency of the next step of activation in the tubular furnace can be accelerated. And when the pellets are cooled by the present invention, the pellets can be guided and conveyed by the guide rack and the second spiral blade, so that the pellets are repeatedly stirred in the cooling furnace, so that the pellets can be more fully in contact with the second furnace body, further improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling furnace. In addition, during the cooling process of the cooling furnace, the preheating furnace can simultaneously add materials to the preheating furnace for preheating, thereby realizing continuous and uninterrupted operation of the production line, thereby improving the production efficiency of the production line.

[0023] A method based on the above production line comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Crushing: Grind the biomass material into powder, the mesh size is required to be 30×100 mesh, and the proportion is >95%;

[0025] S2. Mixing: mixing the biomass powder and phosphorus pentoxide in a kneader at 100-150° C. in a weight ratio of 1:2-1:4;

[0026] S3, granulation: in an extrusion granulator, granulation is performed under a pressure of 20-25 tons, with a particle size of 2-4 mm;

[0027] S4. Sufficient preheating: Add the pellets into the preheating furnace for preheating, the preheating temperature is 120-150°C, and the preheating time is 30min;

[0028] S5, carbonization: the preheated pellets are introduced into a tube furnace, and the temperature is raised according to the program, 2-5°C per minute to 250-350°C, and the temperature is kept constant for 10-24h;

[0029] S6, activation: in a tube furnace, heat up according to the program, 5-10°C per minute to 400-600°C, and keep the temperature constant for 1-2h;

[0030] S7, cooling: introducing the pellets in the tube furnace into a cooling furnace for cooling, taking them out after cooling, rinsing the pellets, and recovering phosphoric acid;

[0031] S8, drying: drying the cooled pellets to obtain a catalyst carrier.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has the beneficial effect that the method adopts dry mixing, and directly removes water from the biomass through the very strong dehydration effect of phosphorus pentoxide, thereby producing phosphoric acid, and at the same time, the biomass can form a larger pore structure, thereby reducing the water content in the pellets after granulation, and can greatly increase the specific gravity of the activated product, and obtain a catalyst carrier with a large pore size and a high specific gravity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the appearance structure of the production line of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the appearance and structure of the preheating furnace.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural section of the preheating furnace.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the appearance and structure of the cooling furnace.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structural section of the cooling furnace.

[0038] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of the structural cross section of the cooling furnace.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a tube furnace.

[0041] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of area A.

[0042] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the stirring component and the driving shaft.

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the stirring component and the adjusting sleeve.

[0044] Fig.12 A three-dimensional diagram of the external structure of the expansion sleeve.

[0045] In the figure: preheating furnace 1, first furnace body 11, first guide slide 111, first preheating conveying blade 112, guide cylinder 113, second preheating conveying blade 114, frame 12, first feed pipe 13, first discharge pipe 14, preheating device 15, tubular furnace 2, tubular furnace body 211, heating box 212, drive shaft 213, accommodating cavity 2131, positioning monomer 2132, positioning protrusion 2133, drive motor 214, stirring assembly 22, stirring shaft 221, blade 222, adjustment mechanism 23, adjustment shaft 231, adjustment motor 232, adjustment sleeve 233, strip slide 2331, adapter sleeve 2332, adjustment gear 234, adjustment rack 23 5. Expansion sleeve 236, threaded expansion block 2361, top expansion block 2362, first air chamber 2363, second air chamber 2364, cooling furnace 3, second furnace body 31, second guide slide 311, second spiral blade 312, second feed pipe 32, second discharge pipe 33, material guide rack 34, material guide plate 341, material guide trough 342, shovel rack 35, shovel plate 351, cooling device 36, first drive mechanism 4, first motor 41, first transmission shaft 42, first transmission wheel 43, second motor 51, first feed hopper 52, feed shaft 53, first spiral blade 54, second drive mechanism 6, third motor 61, second transmission shaft 62, second transmission wheel 63. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0047] like Figure 1-12As shown, a production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier includes a preheating furnace 1, a tubular furnace 2 and a cooling furnace 3. The feed port of the tubular furnace 2 is connected to the discharge port of the preheating furnace 1, and the discharge port of the tubular furnace 2 is connected to the feed port of the cooling furnace 3. The preheating furnace 1 includes a first furnace body 11, a frame 12, a first feed pipe 13, a first discharge pipe 14, a preheating device 15 and a first driving mechanism 4. The first feed pipe 13 and the first discharge pipe 14 are fixedly connected to the frame 12. A solenoid valve or a butterfly valve can be arranged inside the first discharge pipe 14 to control the opening or closing of the first discharge pipe 14, so as to control the discharge of the preheating furnace 1. The first furnace body 11 is rotatably connected to the frame 12 through the first driving mechanism 4, and the two ends of the first furnace body 11 are rotatably connected to the first feed pipe 13 and the first discharge pipe 14 respectively. Specifically, the first driving mechanism 4 includes a first motor 41, a first transmission shaft 42 and a first transmission wheel 43. The first transmission wheel 43 is fixedly sleeved at both ends of the first transmission shaft 42. The first transmission shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the frame 12. The power output end of the first motor 41 is connected to the first transmission shaft 42 and drives the first transmission shaft 42 to rotate. A first guide slide 111 is provided on the outer wall of the first furnace body 11. The first transmission wheel 43 extends into the first guide slide 111. The side wall of the first transmission wheel 43 is in contact with the side wall of the first furnace body 11 for transmission. The front side wall and the rear side wall of the first guide slide 111 can further limit the movement of the first transmission wheel 43 in the axial direction. The outer circumferential side wall of the first transmission wheel 43 can be sleeved with an anti-slip rubber ring with a large friction coefficient. The first transmission shaft 42 is driven to rotate by the first motor 41 to drive the first transmission wheel 43 to rotate, thereby driving the first furnace body 11 to rotate forward or reverse. In addition, the first transmission wheel 43 may also be a gear. By providing a fixedly connected gear ring in the first guide slideway 111 , the first transmission wheel 43 is meshed with the gear ring, thereby driving the first furnace body 11 to rotate.

[0048] A first preheating conveying blade 112 is provided on the inner wall of the first furnace body 11, and a fixedly connected material guide cylinder 113 is provided on the inner side of the first preheating conveying blade 112. The side wall of the material guide cylinder 113 is gradually inclined upward from the first feed pipe 13 toward the first feed pipe 14, and a second preheating conveying blade 114 is provided on the inner wall of the material guide cylinder 113. The first preheating conveying blade 112 and the second preheating conveying blade 114 are spirally arranged around the central axis of the first furnace body 11, and the first preheating conveying blade 112 and the second preheating conveying blade 114 have opposite spiral directions, so that when the first furnace body 11 rotates, the first preheating conveying blade 112 and the second preheating conveying blade 114 can convey the pellets in opposite directions. The preheating device 15 and the first driving mechanism 4 are installed on the frame 12. The preheating device 15 preheats the first furnace body 11. The preheating device 15 can adopt a common heating device on the market, and specifically can adopt electric heating. An electric heating wire is added inside the preheating box to heat the inside of the preheating box. The above-mentioned preheating device 15 is a conventional existing technology, so it will not be described in detail. After adopting the above structure, when the pellets enter the first furnace body 11 from the first feed pipe 13, they first fall into the bottom of the first furnace body 11, and the first drive mechanism 4 drives the first furnace body 11 to rotate forward, and the first preheating conveying blades 112 convey the pellets toward the first discharge pipe 14. Since the solenoid valve or butterfly valve in the first discharge pipe 14 is in a closed state, the pellets cannot be discharged from the first discharge pipe 14 into the tubular furnace 2, so the pellets will continue to accumulate at the rear end of the first furnace body 11. When the pellets accumulate to a certain height, the accumulated pellets will enter the guide barrel 113 along the rear port of the guide barrel 113. Since the side wall of the guide barrel 113 is inclined and the guide barrel 113 rotates with the first furnace body 11, the pellets are stirred and continuously conveyed toward the first feed pipe 13 by the second preheating conveying blades 114 inside the guide barrel 113, and then fall into the bottom of the front end of the first furnace body 11 from the front port of the guide barrel 113. In this way, during the preheating process, the pellets can be continuously stirred by the first preheating conveying blade 112 and the second preheating conveying blade 114, so that the pellets can be fully stirred and heated, thereby improving the preheating effect of the pellets. In addition, the preheated pellets are continuously and repeatedly circulated and conveyed in the first furnace body 11, so that the preheated pellets can be mixed and heat-conducted with the pellets just added to the first furnace body 11, further improving the preheating efficiency of the pellets and accelerating the drying rate of the moisture in the pellets.

[0049] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the feeding of the first feeding pipe 13, a second motor 51 is installed on the side wall of the first feeding pipe 13, a first feeding hopper 52 is provided at the upper end of the first feeding pipe 13, a feeding shaft 53 connected in rotation is provided in the first feeding hopper 52, a first spiral blade 54 is provided on the outer side wall of the feeding shaft 53, and a power output end of the second motor 51 is connected to the feeding shaft 53. After adopting the above structure, the pellets are added into the first feeding pipe 13 from the first feeding hopper 52, and the feeding shaft 53 and the first spiral blade 54 are driven to rotate by the second motor 51, so that the pellets are added into the first furnace body 11 along the first feeding pipe 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to improve the cooling efficiency of the pellets, the cooling furnace 3 includes a second furnace body 31, a second feed pipe 32, a second discharge pipe 33, a guide frame 34, a shovel frame 35, a cooling device 36 and a second drive mechanism 6. The second feed pipe 32 and the second discharge pipe 33 are fixedly connected to the frame 12. The second feed pipe 32 is connected to the discharge end of the tube furnace 2. A feeding mechanism similar to the structure of the first feed pipe 13 can be arranged inside the second feed pipe 32, so that the pellets in the second feed pipe 32 can be transported to the second furnace body 31. A solenoid valve or a butterfly valve can be arranged inside the second discharge pipe 33 to control the opening or closing of the first discharge pipe 14, thereby controlling the discharge of the preheating furnace 1. The second furnace body 31 is rotatably connected to the frame 12 through the second drive mechanism 6, and the two ends of the second furnace body 31 are rotatably connected to the second feed pipe 32 and the second discharge pipe 33 respectively. The cooling device 36 can adopt the cooling device 36 conventionally used in the market. In the present embodiment, the cooling device 36 adopts liquid heat dissipation cooling. The cooling device 36 is provided with a cooling shell cover on the outer side of the second furnace body 31. The cooling shell cover is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and a cooling channel connecting the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is also provided inside the cooling shell cover. The second furnace body 31 is cooled by heat dissipation in the form of liquid cooling. The above-mentioned cooling device 36 is a conventional prior art, so it is not described in detail. The second driving mechanism 6 includes a third motor 61, a second transmission shaft 62 and a second transmission wheel 63. The second transmission wheel 63 is sleeved at both ends of the second transmission shaft 62. The first transmission shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the frame 12. The power output end of the third motor 61 is connected to the second transmission shaft 62. A second guide slide 311 is provided on the outer wall of the second furnace body 31. The second transmission wheel 63 extends into the second guide slide 311. The side wall of the second transmission wheel 63 is in close contact with the side wall of the second furnace body 31 for transmission. The specific configuration structure of the second driving mechanism 6 may be the same as that of the first driving mechanism 4 , and the third motor 61 drives the second transmission shaft 62 to drive the second transmission wheel 63 to rotate, thereby driving the second furnace body 31 to rotate.

[0051] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the second furnace body 31 is provided with a second spiral blade 312, the outer side of the guide frame 34 is welded and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second spiral blade 312, and the guide frame 34 is extended along the direction of the second feed pipe 32 toward the second discharge pipe 33. Specifically, the guide frame 34 includes a plurality of guide plates 341 evenly distributed in an array around the central axis of the second furnace body 31, a guide groove 342 is provided in the middle of the guide plate 341, and the guide plate 341 is gradually inclined downward along the direction of the second feed pipe 32 toward the second discharge pipe 33, the front end height of the guide plate 341 is lower than the feeding height of the second feed pipe 32, and a gap is formed between the rear ends of adjacent guide plates 341. The shovel rack 35 is installed at one side of the feed inlet of the second furnace body 31. The shovel rack 35 includes a plurality of shovel plates 351 arranged around the feed inlet of the second furnace body 31. The ends of the shovel plates 351 are inclined toward the inner wall of the second furnace body 31. The shovel plates 351 are provided with shovel grooves. With the above structure, after the pellets enter the second feed pipe 32, they enter the second furnace body 31 through the second feed pipe 32. The pellets first fall onto the guide plate 341 or scatter at the front bottom of the second furnace body 31. The second driving mechanism 6 drives the second furnace body 31 to rotate, and the pellets on the guide plate 341 are turned over and scattered between the guide racks 34. Most of the pellets are transported to the rear end of the second furnace body 31 along the guide groove 342, and some of the pellets are scattered to the bottom of the second furnace body 31 along the gap at the rear end of the guide plate 341. As the second furnace body 31 rotates continuously, the pellets at the rear end of the second furnace body 31 are transported to the front end of the second furnace body 31 through the second spiral blade 312, and the pellets are shoveled and scattered at the front end of the second furnace body 31 by the shoveling plate 351, so that the pellets can fall into the guide plate 341 again for circulation when they fall. In this way, the pellets are repeatedly transported in the second furnace body 31 through the guide rack 34, the shoveling rack 35 and the second spiral blade 312, so that the cooled pellets can be mixed with the pellets just added to the second furnace body 31 for heat dissipation, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the pellets. Furthermore, the pellets can be fully dispersed when they are shoveled by the shoveling rack 35 and turned over and fallen in the material guide rack 34, thereby preventing the pellets from agglomerating. Meanwhile, the pellets can be fully dispersed and contact the side wall of the second furnace body 31, thereby further improving the heat dissipation rate of the pellets.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, in the production line of the present invention, the pellets are preliminarily preheated by the preheating furnace 1, and the pellets are repeatedly stirred by the first preheating conveying blade 112 and the second preheating conveying blade 114 in the preheating furnace 1, so that the pellets are turned more fully, thereby improving the preheating effect. The dehydration effect before the activation of the pellets is further improved, and the activation efficiency of the next step of the activation of the tubular furnace 2 can be accelerated. And when the pellets are cooled, the pellets can be guided and conveyed by the guide rack 34 and the second spiral blade 312, so that the pellets are repeatedly stirred in the cooling furnace 3, so that the pellets can be more fully in contact with the second furnace body 31, further improving the cooling efficiency of the cooling furnace 3. In addition, during the cooling process, the cooling furnace 3 can simultaneously add materials to the preheating furnace 1 for preheating, so as to realize continuous and uninterrupted operation of the production line, thereby improving the production efficiency of the production line.

[0053] More preferably, in order to form multiple heating chambers with different temperatures inside the tubular furnace, the requirements for different reaction temperatures when different batches of carbon materials are activated or carbonized can be met. The tubular furnace 2 includes a tubular furnace body 211, a heating box 212, a drive shaft 213, a drive motor 214 and a stirring assembly 22. The tubular furnace body 211 is fixedly mounted on a frame, a feed port is provided at the front end of the tubular furnace body 211 and a discharge port is provided at the rear end, and a plurality of heating boxes 212 are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular furnace body 211. The heating box 212 can adopt the electric heating box 212 commonly used on the market. The structure of the electric heating box 212 is a conventional prior art, so no more details are given. Different heating boxes 212 can produce different heating temperatures. Specifically, the heating temperature of the heating box 212 is continuously increased from the side of the feed port to the side of the discharge port, so that multiple heating chambers with different temperatures are formed inside the tubular furnace body 211, and the temperature at the rear end of the tubular furnace body 211 can be higher than the temperature at the front end of the tubular furnace body 211. It can meet the requirements of different reaction temperatures for different batches of carbon materials during activation or carbonization. In order to prevent the temperature inside the tubular furnace body 211 from rapidly diffusing, spaced partitions may be provided inside the tubular furnace body 211. Gaps between the partitions allow for rear-end conveying of pellets. At the same time, the air inside the tubular furnace body 211 can be blocked to prevent rapid diffusion of hot gas, thereby making the temperature difference inside the tubular furnace body 211 more obvious. The driving shaft 213 is rotatably connected to the tubular furnace body 211 through a bearing, and the stirring assembly 22 is arranged along the axial direction of the driving shaft 213. The stirring assembly 22 includes a stirring shaft 221 and blades 222. The blades 222 are symmetrically arranged at the outer end of the stirring shaft 221 in an "I"-shaped structure. The direction of the blades 222 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation of the stirring shaft 221. When the left and right directions of the blades 222 are parallel to the axial direction of the driving shaft 213, the blades 222 can stir the granular material in the tubular furnace body 211. When the left and right directions of the blades 222 form an angle with the axial direction of the driving shaft 213, the blades 222 can stir the granular material and transport it forward, and the smaller the angle, the faster the feeding speed. The inner end of the stirring shaft 221 is rotatably connected to the driving shaft 213 through a bearing, and the driving motor 214 is on the side of the tubular furnace body 211. The driving motor 214 drives the driving shaft 213 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving shaft 213 drives the stirring shaft 221 to rotate around the central axis of the driving shaft 213. After adopting the above structure, the preheated pellets are added into the tubular furnace body 211 from the feed port, and a plurality of heating chambers with different temperatures are formed inside the tubular furnace body 211 through different heating temperatures generated by the heating box 212. The temperature at the front end of the tubular furnace body 211 is relatively low, which can be used to carbonize the pellets, while the temperature at the rear end of the tubular furnace body 211 is relatively high, which can be used to activate the pellets.The driving motor 214 drives the driving shaft 213 and the stirring shaft 221 to rotate, and the pellets inside the tubular furnace body 211 are stirred or transported. When the pellets meet the carbonization time, the stirring shaft 221 drives the blades 222 to transport the pellets to the rear end of the tubular furnace body 211 for further activation. At this time, new pellets can be simultaneously added to the tubular furnace body 211 for carbonization, thereby realizing continuous preparation of carbon materials, simplifying process operations, and effectively improving the preparation efficiency of carbon materials.

[0054] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate independent control of the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 221 in different intervals, the device of the present invention also includes an adjustment mechanism 23, which includes an adjustment shaft 231, an adjustment motor 232, an adjustment sleeve 233, an adjustment gear 234, an adjustment rack 235 and a tightening sleeve 236. The drive shaft 213 is provided with a receiving chamber 2131, and the adjustment shaft 231 is rotatably connected in the receiving chamber 2131. The adjustment shaft 231 and the drive shaft 213 can be made of high heat-resistant insulation materials. The adjustment motor 232 is installed on the side wall of the tubular furnace body 211, and the power output end of the adjustment motor 232 is connected to the adjustment shaft 231 through a clutch, and the clutch can realize the connection or disconnection between the output shaft of the adjustment motor 232 and the adjustment shaft 231. The adjusting sleeve 233 is slidably connected in the accommodating chamber 2131, the adjusting gear 234 is connected to the inner end of the stirring shaft 221, the adjusting rack 235 is arranged on the outer wall of the adjusting sleeve 233, the adjusting gear 234 and the adjusting rack 235 are meshed with each other, the expansion sleeve 236 is fixedly installed on the adjusting shaft 231, and the expansion sleeve 236 is transmission-connected to the adjusting shaft 231. Specifically, the side wall of the expansion sleeve 236 is provided with a threaded expansion block 2361 and a top expansion block 2362 which are sealed and slidably connected. The expansion sleeve 236 is provided with a first air chamber 2363 for driving the threaded expansion block 2361 to slide and a second air chamber 2364 for driving the top expansion block 2362 to slide. The first air chamber 2363 forms a first air inlet on the end surface of the expansion sleeve 236, and the second air chamber 2364 forms a second air inlet on the end surface of the expansion sleeve 236. The interior of the adjustment sleeve 233 is provided with an adapter sleeve 2332, and the inner side wall of the adapter sleeve 2332 is provided with a transmission thread, which is threadedly connected to the threaded expansion block 2361. The first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to an air supply pipeline, which can extend out of the device along the accommodating cavity 2131 and be connected to an external air supply device. The air supply device can supply air to drive the threaded expansion block 2361 or the abutting expansion block 2362 to push outward to cooperate with the adapter sleeve 2332. The side wall of the adjustment sleeve 233 is provided with a strip groove 2331, and the inner end of the stirring shaft 221 extends into the strip groove 2331 for sliding cooperation, so that the sliding cooperation between the adjustment sleeve 233 and the stirring shaft 221 is more stable, and the stirring can limit the adjustment sleeve 233 to prevent the adjustment sleeve 233 from rotating.After adopting the above structure, when it is necessary to adjust the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 221, the driving motor 214 stops, and the air supply equipment selects the expansion sleeve 236 that needs to be adjusted to supply air. The threaded expansion block 2361 is pushed outward and threadedly cooperates with the adapter sleeve 2332. Then the clutch is turned on to connect the adjustment motor 232 with the adjustment shaft 231 for transmission. The adjustment shaft 231 drives the expansion sleeve 236 to rotate. Since the expansion sleeve and the adapter sleeve 2332 are threadedly cooperated, the adjustment sleeve 233 is driven to move forward or forward and backward. At this time, the adjustment rack 235 drives the adjustment gear 234 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring shaft 221 to be selected, so as to change the direction angle of the blade 222. After the angle is fixed, the air supply device supplies air to the expansion sleeve 236, so that the threaded expansion block 2361 retracts, and the abutting expansion block 2362 moves outward to abut against the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 2332, so that the expansion sleeve 236 and the adapter sleeve 2332 are fixedly connected together, and then the clutch disconnects the connection between the adjustment shaft 231 and the adjustment motor 232, so that the adjustment shaft 231 can be idle, and then the driving motor 214 drives the driving shaft 213 to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment shaft 231 and the stirring shaft 221 to rotate, so that the blades 222 can stir the granular materials inside the tubular furnace body 211. In this process, since the expansion sleeve 236 and the adapter sleeve 2332 are fixedly connected, the adjustment sleeve 233 will not slide, and the adjustment rack 235 can be fixedly engaged with the adjustment gear 234 to limit the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 221 and prevent the stirring shaft 221 from rotating.

[0055] In this embodiment, in order to make the adjustment sleeve 233 slide more smoothly, the inner side wall of the accommodating cavity 2131 is provided with a plurality of positioning components, and the two ends of the adjustment sleeve 233 are sleeved on the positioning components for sliding connection. Specifically, the positioning component includes a plurality of positioning monomers 2132, and the positioning monomers 2132 are arranged at intervals to facilitate the arrangement of the air supply pipeline. The positioning monomers 2132 are provided with positioning protrusions 2133 extending along the axial direction of the driving shaft 213, and the two ends of the adjustment sleeve 233 are sleeved on the positioning protrusions 2133 for sliding and can slide repeatedly on the two positioning components.

[0056] Preferably, the outer wall of the driving shaft 213 is provided with a material guiding spiral blade at the side close to the feeding port, and the material guiding spiral blade can rotate with the driving shaft 213 to quickly feed the pellets into the tubular furnace body 211. In addition, a preheating furnace is provided at the feeding port of the tubular furnace body 211, and a cooling furnace is provided at the discharging port of the tubular furnace body 211.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the tubular furnace 2 forms multiple heating chambers with different temperatures inside the tubular furnace body 211 by using different heating temperatures generated by the heating box 212, which can meet the requirements of different reaction temperatures for different batches of carbon materials during activation or carbonization. This enables continuous preparation of carbon materials, simplifies process operations, and effectively improves the preparation efficiency of carbon materials. In addition, the rotation angle of the stirring shaft 221 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 23, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the blade 222, so that the stirring force and feeding speed of the blade 222 can be adjusted, and the stirring component 22 is more flexible to use and has stronger applicability.

[0058] A method based on the above production line comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1. Crushing: Grind the biomass materials into powder, the mesh size is required to be 30×100 mesh, and the proportion is greater than 95%. The biomass materials can be selected from fir, oak, bamboo blocks, fruit shells, etc.

[0060] S2. Mixing: Mix the biomass powder and phosphorus pentoxide in a kneader at 100-150° C. at a weight ratio of 1:2-1:4 to dehydrate and slightly carbonize the biomass powder and generate plasticity.

[0061] S3. Granulation: In an extrusion granulator, granulation is performed under a pressure of 20-25 tons, and the particle size is 2-4 mm.

[0062] S4. Sufficient preheating: Add the pellets into the preheating furnace 1 for preheating, the preheating temperature is 120-150°C, and the preheating time is 30 minutes.

[0063] S5. Carbonization: The preheated pellets are introduced into the tubular furnace 2, and the temperature is raised according to the program, 2-5°C per minute to 250-350°C, and the temperature is kept constant for 10-24 hours.

[0064] S6. Activation: In the tubular furnace 2, the temperature is raised according to the program, 5-10°C per minute to 400-600°C, and the temperature is maintained for 1-2 hours.

[0065] S7, cooling: the pellets in the tube furnace 2 are introduced into the cooling furnace 3 for cooling, taken out after cooling, the pellets are rinsed, and the phosphoric acid is recovered.

[0066] S8, drying: drying the cooled pellets to obtain a catalyst carrier.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has the beneficial effect that the method adopts dry mixing, and directly removes water from the biomass through the very strong dehydration effect of phosphorus pentoxide, thereby producing phosphoric acid, and at the same time, the biomass can form a larger pore structure, thereby reducing the water content in the pellets after granulation, and can greatly increase the specific gravity of the activated product, and obtain a catalyst carrier with a large pore size and a high specific gravity.

[0068] The above embodiments and drawings do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field should be deemed to be within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier, characterized in that: It includes a preheating furnace, a tubular furnace and a cooling furnace. The feed port of the tubular furnace is connected with the discharge port of the preheating furnace, and the discharge port of the tubular furnace is connected with the feed port of the cooling furnace. The preheating furnace includes a first furnace body, a frame, a first feed pipe, a first discharge pipe, a preheating device and a first driving mechanism. The first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe are fixedly connected to the frame, the first furnace body is rotatably connected to the frame, the two ends of the first furnace body are respectively rotatably connected to the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe, a first preheating conveying blade is provided on the inner side wall of the first furnace body, a fixedly connected material guide cylinder is provided on the inner side of the first preheating conveying blade, a second preheating conveying blade is provided on the inner side wall of the material guide cylinder, the first preheating conveying blade and the second preheating conveying blade have opposite spiral directions, the preheating device and the first driving mechanism are installed on the frame, the preheating device preheats the first furnace body, and the first driving mechanism drives the first furnace body to rotate.

2. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a first transmission shaft and a first transmission wheel. The first transmission wheel is sleeved on both ends of the first transmission shaft. The first transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The power output end of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft. A first guide slide is provided on the outer wall of the first furnace body. The first transmission wheel extends into the first guide slide. The side wall of the first transmission wheel is in contact with the side wall of the first furnace body for transmission.

3. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the material guiding cylinder is gradually inclined upward from the first material feeding pipe toward the first material discharging pipe.

4. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second motor is installed on the side wall of the first feed pipe, a first feed hopper is connected to the upper end of the first feed pipe, a rotatably connected feed shaft is arranged in the first feed hopper, a first spiral blade is arranged on the outer side wall of the feed shaft, and a power output end of the second motor is connected to the feed shaft.

5. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling furnace includes a second furnace body, a second feed pipe, a second discharge pipe, a material guide rack, a shovel rack, a cooling device and a second driving mechanism. The second feed pipe and the second discharge pipe are fixedly connected to the rack, and the second furnace body is rotatably connected to the rack. Both ends of the second furnace body are rotatably connected to the second feed pipe and the second discharge pipe respectively. The inner side wall of the second furnace body is provided with a second spiral blade. The material guide rack is fixedly connected to the second spiral blade. The material guide rack is extended along the second feed pipe toward the second discharge pipe. The shovel rack is installed on one side of the feed port of the second furnace body. The cooling device and the second driving mechanism are installed on the rack. The cooling device dissipates heat and cools the second furnace body. The second driving mechanism drives the second furnace body to rotate.

6. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material guide frame includes a plurality of material guide plates evenly distributed in an array around the central axis of the second furnace body, a material guide groove is arranged in the middle of the material guide plate, and the material guide plate is gradually inclined downward along the second feed pipe toward the second discharge pipe.

7. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes a third motor, a second transmission shaft and a second transmission wheel. The second transmission wheel is sleeved on both ends of the second transmission shaft. The first transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. The power output end of the third motor is connected to the second transmission shaft. A second guide slide is provided on the outer wall of the second furnace body. The second transmission wheel extends into the second guide slide. The side wall of the second transmission wheel is in contact with the side wall of the second furnace body for transmission.

8. A production line for preparing a hydrogen-ammonia conversion catalyst carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shoveling frame includes a plurality of shoveling plates arranged around the feeding port of the second furnace body, the ends of the shoveling plates are inclined toward the inner side wall of the second furnace body, and shoveling grooves are provided on the shoveling plates.

9. A method based on the production line according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Crushing: Grind the biomass material into powder, the mesh size is required to be 30×100 mesh, and the proportion is >95%; S2. Mixing: mixing the biomass powder and phosphorus pentoxide in a kneader at 100-150° C. in a weight ratio of 1:2-1:4; S3, granulation: in an extrusion granulator, granulation is performed under a pressure of 20-25 tons, with a particle size of 2-4 mm; S4. Sufficient preheating: Add the pellets into the preheating furnace for preheating, the preheating temperature is 120-150°C, and the preheating time is 30min; S5, carbonization: the preheated pellets are introduced into a tube furnace, and the temperature is raised according to the program, 2-5°C per minute to 250-350°C, and the temperature is kept constant for 10-24h; S6, activation: in a tube furnace, heat up according to the program, 5-10°C per minute to 400-600°C, and keep the temperature constant for 1-2h; S7, cooling: introducing the pellets in the tube furnace into a cooling furnace for cooling, taking them out after cooling, rinsing the pellets, and recovering phosphoric acid; S8, drying: drying the cooled pellets to obtain a catalyst carrier.

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