Shafting installation method and bearing installation tool

Abstract

The invention provides a shaft system mounting method and a bearing mounting tool. The shaft system installation method comprises the steps that the bearing outer ring is installed on the inner side of the outer shaft, and the outer shaft is arranged on the inner shaft in a sleeving mode; applying a preset axial pre-tightening force to the outer shaft; the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft is obtained and recorded as L, and then the axial pre-tightening force is removed; mounting a bearing inner ring and pushing the bearing inner ring along the inner shaft until the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft is L; the distance between the axial end face of the bearing inner ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft is measured and recorded as S; and the bearing end cover is manufactured according to the distance S, and the bearing end cover is fixedly installed on the axial end face of the inner shaft. According to the technical scheme, the pre-tightening force of the shafting can be more accurately controlled, and the rigidity and the bearing capacity of the shafting are provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shaft system assembly, and more specifically, to a shaft system installation method and a bearing installation tool. Background Art

[0002] The wind turbine generator set connects the generator and impeller of the wind turbine generator set through the main shaft system, and converts the wind energy captured by the impeller into electrical energy through the generator. The main shaft system of the wind turbine generator set usually includes a fixed shaft and a dynamic shaft that are mutually sleeved, and a bearing arranged between the fixed shaft and the dynamic shaft, and the fixed shaft supports the dynamic shaft through the bearing.

[0003] The prior art usually adopts the configuration of setting single-row tapered roller bearings at the front and rear ends of the shaft system, and usually adopts end caps with stoppers to hold the bearings down to give the shaft system a certain preload force, so as to improve the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the shaft system. However, the prior art obtains the axial length of the stopper of the rear bearing end cap through theoretical calculation. In the calculation process, there are certain accumulated measurement and calculation errors, and the size of the actual preload force cannot be accurately determined, so it is difficult to ensure the reliability of the shaft system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a shaft system installation method and a bearing installation tool to accurately control the preload force of the shaft system and improve the reliability of the shaft system structure.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a shaft system installation method is provided, the shaft system comprising an inner shaft, an outer shaft arranged outside the inner shaft, a bearing arranged between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, and a bearing end cover connected to the end of the shaft system, the bearing comprising a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the shaft system installation method comprising: installing the bearing outer ring on the inner side of the outer shaft, and sleeve the outer shaft on the inner shaft; applying a predetermined axial preload force to the outer shaft; obtaining the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft and recording it as L, and then removing the axial preload force; installing the bearing inner ring until the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft is L; measuring the distance S between the axial end face of the bearing inner ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft; making the bearing end cover according to the distance S, and fixedly installing the bearing end cover on the axial end face of the inner shaft.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, in the step of applying a predetermined axial preload force to the outer shaft, an axial extrusion force is applied to the outer shaft or an axial extrusion force is applied to the bearing outer ring.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, during the process of installing the bearing inner ring, a bearing installation tool is used to press against the bearing inner ring, and a first sensor and a second sensor installed on the bearing installation tool are used to obtain a distance S1 between the bearing installation tool and the axial end face of the inner shaft and a distance S2 between the bearing installation tool and the axial end face of the bearing outer ring, respectively, and the distance S is obtained based on S2-S1.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present application, the bearing is the rear bearing of the shaft system, and the shaft system also includes a front bearing spaced apart from the rear bearing. The shaft system installation method also includes: before installing the bearing outer ring on the inner side of the outer shaft, installing the front bearing between the inner shaft and the outer shaft.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present application, the shaft system is a main shaft system of a wind turbine generator set, and the front bearing and the rear bearing are tapered roller bearings or angular contact ball bearings.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present application, the axial end of the inner shaft and / or the end of the bearing inner ring has a chamfer. In the step of installing the bearing inner ring, the bearing inner ring is installed on the inner shaft at room temperature and pushed along the axial direction of the inner shaft until the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft is L.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present application, a bearing installation tool is provided for installing a shaft system, wherein the shaft system includes an inner shaft, an outer shaft arranged outside the inner shaft, and a bearing arranged between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, and the bearing installation tool includes: a guide bracket, including a guide column and a first support portion and a second support portion respectively connected to both ends of the guide column, the second support portion being used to connect to the axial end of the inner shaft or the outer shaft; a pressure plate assembly, movably arranged between the first support portion and the second support portion, and capable of moving along the guide column, for pushing the installation of the bearing.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, the pressure plate assembly includes: a pressure plate connecting portion, which is arranged between the first support portion and the second support portion and can move along the guide column, and the peripheral edge of the pressure plate connecting portion protrudes outward relative to the peripheral edge of the second support portion; a bearing pressure plate, which is connected to the peripheral edge of the pressure plate connecting portion, can be arranged on the periphery of the second support portion and can move with the pressure plate connecting portion to push the installation of the bearing.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, the guide pillars include a plurality of guide pillars, which are arranged in parallel between the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, the guide column includes: a first guide column, which is arranged in the middle of the first support part and the second support part; and a plurality of second guide columns, which are symmetrically arranged around the outer circumference of the first guide column.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, the bearing includes a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the bearing outer ring is installed on the inner side of the outer shaft, and the bearing inner ring is installed on the outer side of the inner shaft, the second support portion is used to be fixedly connected to the axial end face of the inner shaft, and the pressure plate assembly is used to push the bearing inner ring, or the second support portion is used to be fixedly connected to the axial end face of the outer shaft, and the pressure plate assembly is used to push the bearing outer ring.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, the bearing installation tool further includes a sensor assembly for measuring the distance between the bearing outer ring and / or the bearing inner ring and the axial end face of the inner shaft.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, the bearing installation tool further includes a driving unit, which is connected to the pressure plate assembly and is used to drive the pressure plate assembly to move along the guide column.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, the driving part is an annular oil cylinder, which includes an annular cylinder body and an annular piston arranged in the annular cylinder body, and can be arranged around the first guide column. One of the annular cylinder body and the annular piston is connected to the first support part, and the other of the annular cylinder body and the annular piston is connected to the pressure plate assembly.

[0019] Additional aspects and / or advantages of the present general inventive concept will be set forth in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the present general inventive concept. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a shaft system structure according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a shaft system installation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a bearing installation tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing installation tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a stereogram of the guide bracket;

[0026] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the connection portion of the pressure plate;

[0027] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the bearing pressure plate;

[0028] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the process of installing a shaft system using a bearing installation tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.10 is a three-dimensional diagram of a bearing installation tool according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of a bearing installation tool according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0032] 10-inner shaft; 100-guide bracket; 10a-first axial end face;

[0033] 10b-second axial end face; 11-shaft shoulder; 110-guide column;

[0034] 111-first guide column; 112-second guide column; 115-third guide rod;

[0035] 120 - first supporting portion; 130 - second supporting portion; 131 - through hole;

[0036] 20-external shaft; 200-pressing plate assembly; 21-bearing mounting portion;

[0037] 210 - pressure plate connecting portion; 211 - first through hole; 212 - second through hole;

[0038] 213 - through hole; 214 - first bolt hole; 215 - second bolt hole;

[0039] 220-bearing pressure plate; 30-first bearing; 300-sensor assembly;

[0040] 31-bearing inner ring; 310-mounting bracket; 31a-first axial end face;

[0041] 31b-second axial end surface; 32-roller; 320-first sensor;

[0042] 33-bearing outer ring; 330-second sensor; 33a-first axial end face;

[0043] 33b - second axial end face; 400 - driving part; 40 - second bearing; 41 - bearing inner ring;

[0044] 41a-first axial end surface; 41b-second axial end surface; 42-roller;

[0045] 43-bearing outer ring; 43a-first axial end face; 43b-second axial end face;

[0046] 50-bearing end cover; 51-cover body; 52-protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, after understanding the disclosure of the present application, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be clear. For example, the order of operations described herein is only an example and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, for greater clarity and simplicity, the description of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0048] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided to illustrate only some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein, which will be clear after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0049] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0050] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions should not be limited by these terms. Instead, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples may also be referred to as the second member, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion.

[0051] In the specification, when an element such as a layer, a region or a substrate is described as being “on”, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, the element may be directly “on”, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, or one or more other elements may be present therebetween. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly on”, “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element, other elements may not be present therebetween.

[0052] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or combinations thereof. The term "plurality" represents any number of two and more than two.

[0053] The definitions of directional terms such as "above", "below", "top" and "bottom" in this application are based on the orientation of the product in normal use, unless otherwise specified.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical terms and scientific terms, have the same meaning as those generally understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present application belongs after understanding the present application. Unless explicitly defined as such herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field and the present application, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0055] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main shaft system in an existing wind turbine generator set. Figure 1 As shown, the shaft system includes an inner shaft 10 and an outer shaft 20 sleeved on the outer side of the inner shaft 10 , and a bearing is arranged between the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft so that the outer shaft 20 and the inner shaft 10 can rotate relative to each other.

[0056] The bearings include a first bearing 30 and a second bearing 40 which are arranged at intervals, and are respectively arranged at the front end (the end connected to the impeller) and the rear end (the end connected to the generator) of the shaft system. The first bearing 30 and the second bearing 40 can be respectively referred to as the front bearing and the rear bearing. The first bearing 30 and the second bearing 40 can be single-row tapered roller bearings (TRB), so that the shaft system is a TRB+TRB shaft system structure. In addition, the first bearing 30 and the second bearing 40 can also be angular contact ball bearings.

[0057] The shaft system also includes a bearing end cover 50, which is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shaft 10 and is used to apply a preload force to the bearing. The bearing end cover 50 may include a cover body 51 and a protrusion 52 formed on the cover body 51. The cover body 51 is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shaft 10, and the protrusion 52 is annular and presses against the second bearing 40, so that the shaft system has a certain preload force.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the inner shaft 10 has a first end 10a and a second end 10b opposite to each other. A shoulder 11 may be formed on the first end 10a, and the shoulder 11 protrudes outward relative to the axial diameter direction of the inner shaft 10 to form an outer flange. The first bearing 30 may be installed at the shoulder 11 to prevent it from falling off from the inner shaft 10.

[0059] The first bearing 30 may include a bearing inner ring 31 , a roller 32 and a bearing outer ring 33 . The bearing inner ring 31 may be sleeved on the outer circumference of the inner shaft 10 and abut against the shaft shoulder 11 . The bearing outer ring 33 may be installed in the bearing mounting portion 21 in the outer shaft 20 .

[0060] Similarly, the second bearing 40 may include a bearing inner ring 41, a roller 42 and a bearing outer ring 43. The bearing inner ring 41 may be sleeved on the outer circumference of the inner shaft 10, and the bearing outer ring 43 may be installed in the bearing mounting portion 21 in the outer shaft 20. The bearing inner ring 41 may have a first axial end face 41a and a second axial end face 41b, and the bearing outer ring 43 may have a first axial end face 43a and a second axial end face 43b.

[0061] When installing the above-mentioned shaft system structure, the following steps are usually used for installation in the prior art.

[0062] First, the bearing inner ring 31 and the roller 32 of the first bearing 30 are sleeved on the inner shaft 10. Before installation, the bearing inner ring 31 and the roller 32 of the first bearing 30 are heated to facilitate sleeved on the inner shaft 10.

[0063] Then, the bearing outer ring 33 of the first bearing 30 and the bearing outer ring 43 of the second bearing 40 are installed in the outer shaft 20. Similarly, before installation, the outer shaft 20 is heated to facilitate the installation of the bearing outer ring 33 of the first bearing 30 and the bearing outer ring 43 of the second bearing 40 in the outer shaft 20. After the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 20 are cooled to room temperature, the outer shaft 20 is sleeved on the inner shaft 10, and the outer shaft 20 can be rotated relative to the inner shaft 10 by external force, so that the roller 32 of the first bearing 30 is in uniform and sufficient contact with the bearing inner ring 31 and the bearing outer ring 33.

[0064] Next, the bearing inner ring 41 and the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 are sleeved onto the inner shaft 10. Similarly, before installation, the bearing inner ring 41 and the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 are heated and expanded to be sleeved onto the inner shaft 10 more easily.

[0065] After the bearing inner ring 41 and the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 are cooled to room temperature, the bearing end cover 50 is installed, thereby completing the installation of the shaft system.

[0066] In the prior art, the preload force of the shaft system is controlled by controlling the length of the protrusion 52 of the bearing end cover 50, and the length design of the protrusion 52 is usually determined by the formula method. However, the dimensional error of the end cover stopper matched by the formula method is relatively large, which is related to the measurement accuracy of the dimensions of the main shaft, bearing seat, bearing and other components, the measurement accuracy of the height difference from the main shaft to the outer ring of the rear bearing after the shaft system is assembled, and the accuracy of the shaft system force simulation. The error in any link will directly affect the final result, making it impossible for the first bearing 30 and the second bearing 40 to obtain the desired preload force, which may affect the stiffness and life of the first bearing 30 and the second bearing 40, thereby affecting the reliability of the entire shaft system structure.

[0067] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a shaft system installation method to accurately control the preload force of the shaft system. The shaft system installation method of the present application will be described in detail below.

[0068] According to the shaft system installation method of the present application, the installation steps before installing the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40 can be performed in the same manner as in the prior art.

[0069] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, in step S10, the bearing inner ring 31 of the first bearing 30 is sleeved on the inner shaft 10 and supported at the shaft shoulder 11. In step S20, the bearing outer ring 33 of the first bearing 30 and the bearing outer ring 43 of the second bearing 40 are installed in the outer shaft 20. Then, in step S30, the outer shaft 20 is sleeved on the inner shaft 10 to complete the installation of the first bearing 30.

[0070] After the outer shaft 20 is sleeved on the inner shaft 10, according to the shaft system installation method of the present application, in step S40, an axial preload is applied to the outer shaft 20, and the axial preload is the preload of the shaft system structure that is expected to be obtained. In this case, step S50 is executed to measure the distance between the outer ring 43 of the bearing and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10, and the distance value is recorded as L. Since the second bearing 40 is closer to the second end of the inner shaft 10 and the measurement is more convenient, the distance between the first axial end face 43a of the outer ring 43 of the bearing and the second end 10b of the inner shaft 10 can be measured here, which is recorded as L.

[0071] In the step of applying a predetermined axial preload force to the outer shaft 20, an axial extrusion force may be applied to the outer shaft 20, or to the bearing outer ring 43. Since the end surface of the bearing outer ring 43 is small and it is not convenient to apply force, the extrusion force may be applied to the outer shaft 20. Under the action of the axial extrusion force, the clearance of the first bearing 30 will be reduced, so that a certain preload force is provided.

[0072] After obtaining the distance value L, the applied axial preload force is removed in step S60. The first bearing 30, the inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 20, which are squeezed and have a certain amount of deformation, will recover to a certain extent after the external force is removed, so that the distance between the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 will be less than the aforementioned distance value L.

[0073] Then, step S70 is performed to install the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40. Specifically, the bearing inner ring 41 is sleeved on the second end of the inner shaft 10, and the bearing inner ring 41 is pushed inward. When installing the bearing inner ring 41, the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 can be sleeved on the inner shaft 10 together with the bearing inner ring 41.

[0074] As the bearing inner ring 41 moves inward, it gradually approaches the bearing outer ring 43. Under the action of a predetermined axial extrusion force, the bearing inner ring 41 transmits the extrusion force to the bearing outer ring 43 through the roller 42. According to the relationship that the action force and the reaction force are equal in magnitude, the bearing outer ring 43 is subjected to the same axial extrusion force, and the first bearing 30 is also subjected to the same magnitude of axial extrusion force.

[0075] In step S70, that is, in the process of pushing the bearing inner ring 41 toward the second end of the inner shaft 10, the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 is measured in real time. When the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 is equal to the distance value L mentioned above, it can be determined that the second bearing 40 is installed in place and the shaft system has the desired preload force. At this time, stop pushing the bearing inner ring 41.

[0076] Then, in step S80, the distance between the axial end face of the bearing inner ring 41 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 is measured to obtain a distance value S. The bearing end cover 50 is designed according to the distance value S, so that the length of the protrusion 52 of the bearing end cover 50 is S. The bearing end cover 50 is installed on the inner shaft 10. After the bearing end cover 50 is installed in place, the desired preload force can be applied to the shaft system.

[0077] According to the shaft system installation method of the present application, since the distance S is the distance between the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40 and the rear end face of the inner shaft 10 under the desired preload force of the shaft system, compared with the method of obtaining the distance S in the prior art, the distance S obtained by the method of the present application is more accurate, so that the bearing preload force of the shaft system can be more accurately controlled to ensure the life and rigidity of the shaft system.

[0078] Although in the above embodiments, the main shaft system of the wind turbine generator set is used as an example to describe the shaft system installation method of the present application, the shaft system installation method of the present application is not limited to being applied to the main shaft system of the wind turbine generator set, and can also be used to install other shaft system structures that need to obtain the desired preload force. For example, similar to the main shaft system of the wind turbine generator set, the shaft system structure includes an inner shaft, an outer shaft sleeved outside the inner shaft, and a bearing rotatably arranged between the inner shaft and the outer shaft. The bearing may include a first bearing and a second bearing. As described above, the first bearing may be installed first, and before the inner ring of the second bearing is installed, the desired axial preload force is applied to the shaft system, the distance L between the bearing outer ring of the second bearing and the end face of the inner shaft is measured, and then the bearing inner ring of the second bearing is installed. When the distance between the bearing outer ring of the second bearing and the end face of the inner shaft is equal to the distance value L measured above, it can be determined that the second bearing is installed in place. At this time, the distance S between the bearing inner ring of the bearing and the end face of the inner shaft is measured, and the bearing end cover is designed according to the distance S, so that the preload force of the shaft system can be controlled more accurately.

[0079] In the prior art, the inner ring 41 and the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 are heated and then mounted on the inner shaft 10 by heat-fitting. However, after the inner ring 41 is mounted, the bearing needs to be cooled before subsequent operations can be performed, which results in a long production cycle.

[0080] According to the shaft system installation method of the present application, the bearing inner ring 41 and the roller 42 of the second bearing 40 are installed on the inner shaft 10 at room temperature, avoiding the problem of a long assembly operation cycle caused by the shrink-fit method.

[0081] In order to facilitate the sleeve mounting of the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40 on the inner shaft 10 at room temperature, a chamfer is provided at the end of the inner shaft 10, and the chamfer may be a rounded angle or an oblique angle, so that the diameter of the second axial end face of the inner shaft 10 is appropriately reduced. In addition, a chamfer may be designed at one axial end of the bearing inner ring 41, so that the inner diameter of one axial end of the bearing inner ring 41 is appropriately increased.

[0082] In order to enable the bearing inner ring 41 to be smoothly installed on the inner shaft 10 at room temperature, a bearing installation tool is also provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0083] Figure 3A three-dimensional diagram of a bearing installation tool according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a bearing installation tool according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0084] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bearing installation tool according to the embodiment of the present application includes a guide bracket 100 and a pressure plate assembly 200 movably connected to the guide bracket 100. Figure 5 As shown, the guide bracket 100 includes a guide column 110 and a first support portion 120 and a second support portion 130 respectively connected to both ends of the guide column 110. The second support portion 130 is used to connect to the axial end of the inner shaft 10, thereby fixing the guide bracket 100 on the inner shaft 10.

[0085] The pressure plate assembly 200 is movably disposed between the first support portion 120 and the second support portion 130, and can move along the guide column 110 to push the second bearing 40. In the case of pushing the bearing inner ring 41 for installing the second bearing 40, the guide bracket 100 is fixed on the inner shaft 10, and can guide the movement of the pressure plate assembly 200, so that the pressure plate assembly 200 can apply a thrust to the bearing inner ring 41 along the axial direction of the inner shaft 10 during the process of pushing the bearing inner ring 41, thereby preventing the bearing inner ring 41 from being deflected during the installation process.

[0086] The first support portion 120 and the second support portion 130 can both be plate-shaped, which can enhance the support strength and improve the support stability. On the other hand, it also enables the second support portion 130 to abut against the end face of the inner shaft 10 with a larger area, so that the force distribution is more uniform and the guide bracket 100 is prevented from tilting.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, there can be multiple guide posts 110, so as to guide the up and down movement of the pressure plate assembly 200 at multiple positions. As an example, the guide posts 110 include a first guide post 111 and a plurality of second guide posts 112. The first guide post 111 can be arranged in the middle of the guide bracket 100. The first support portion 120 and the second support portion 130 are generally circular plates, and the two ends of the first guide post 111 are respectively connected to the middle of the first support portion 120 and the second support portion 130. The plurality of second guide posts 112 are symmetrically arranged around the first guide post 111. The diameter of the first guide post 111 is relatively larger than the diameter of the second guide post 112. The first guide post 111 plays a main guiding role, while the second guide post 112 plays an auxiliary guiding role, ensuring that the pressure plate assembly 200 can move along the axial direction of the inner shaft 10 to prevent deflection during the movement.

[0088] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the pressure plate assembly 200 includes a pressure plate connection portion 210 and a bearing pressure plate 220. The pressure plate connection portion 210 is disposed between the first support portion 120 and the second support portion 130 and can move along the guide column 110. The pressure plate connection portion 210 is generally a circular plate, and a through hole capable of cooperating with the guide column 110 is formed on the pressure plate connection portion 210. The through hole includes a first through hole 211 and a second through hole 212. The first guide column 111 is inserted into the first through hole 211, and the second guide column 112 is inserted into the second through hole 212.

[0089] The diameter of the pressure plate connection part 210 is greater than the diameter of the second support part 130, so that the outer peripheral edge of the pressure plate connection part 210 protrudes outward relative to the outer peripheral edge of the second support part 130. The bearing pressure plate 220 is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the pressure plate connection part 210, can be arranged on the outer periphery of the second support part 130 and can move with the pressure plate connection part 210 to push the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40 to be installed.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the bearing pressure plate 220 may be annular so as to be able to apply uniform force to the bearing inner ring 41 in the circumferential direction. However, the implementation form of the bearing pressure plate 220 is not limited to an annular plate, but may also be a plurality of convex columns connected to the pressure plate connection portion 210, and the plurality of convex columns are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction to apply a squeezing force to the bearing inner ring 41. Therefore, the visual form of the bearing pressure plate 220 is not limited to the above example, as long as it can achieve the squeezing force on the second bearing 40 in the axial direction of the inner shaft 10.

[0091] In order to realize the connection between the pressure plate connecting portion 210 and the bearing pressure plate 220, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the pressure plate connecting portion 210 and the bearing pressure plate 220 are respectively provided with a first bolt hole 214 and a second bolt hole 215, so that the connection between the two can be achieved by bolts. In addition, the pressure plate connecting portion 210 and the bearing pressure plate 220 can be welded or formed into an integral structure.

[0092] The bearing installation tool according to the embodiment of the present application further includes a sensor assembly 300 for measuring the distance between the second bearing 40 and the axial end surface of the inner shaft 10 to determine whether the second bearing 40 is installed in place.

[0093] Specifically, when the bearing inner ring 41 of the second bearing 40 is installed according to the shaft system installation method described above using the bearing installation tool according to the embodiment of the present application, the sensor assembly 300 can measure the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10. When the distance value is L, it can be determined that the bearing inner ring 41 has been installed in place. At this time, the bearing end cover 50 can be prepared according to the distance between the bearing inner ring 41 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10.

[0094] The sensor assembly 300 includes a mounting bracket 310, a first sensor 320, and a second sensor 330. The mounting bracket 310 can be mounted on the guide bracket 100 or the pressure plate assembly 200. The first sensor 320 is used to measure the distance L1 between the inner shaft 10 and the axial end face, and the second sensor 330 is used to measure the distance L2 between the inner shaft 10 and the axial end face of the bearing outer ring 43. By L2-L1, the distance between the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 can be obtained. When the distance between the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 is the distance value L measured above, it is determined that the second bearing 40 is installed in place. At this time, the length of the protrusion 52 of the bearing end cover 50 can be determined according to the distance between the bearing inner ring 41 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10.

[0095] The sensor assembly 300 can be provided in plurality and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure plate assembly 200 to measure at multiple positions, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results and ensuring that the bearing inner ring 41 is installed in place in the entire circumferential direction.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present application, the sensor assembly 300 is mounted on the pressure plate assembly 200. Specifically, the mounting bracket 310 includes a bracket body and a first leg and a second leg, the bracket body is mounted on the pressure plate connection portion 210, and the first sensor 320 and the second sensor 330 are mounted on the first leg and the second leg respectively. A through hole 213 is provided on the pressure plate connection portion 210, and a through hole 131 is provided on the second support portion 130, which is opposite to the through hole 213 up and down. The first leg and the first sensor 320 can pass through the through hole 213 and the through hole 131, so that the distance L1 between the mounting bracket 310 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 can be measured. The second sensor 330 on the second leg can directly face and contact the bearing outer ring 43, so that the distance L2 between the bearing outer ring 43 can be measured. The structure of the sensor assembly 300 is not limited to the above example, as long as the distance between the bearing outer ring 43 and the axial end face of the inner shaft 10 can be measured.

[0097] like Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, according to another embodiment of the present application, the bearing installation tool may further include a driving unit 400 , which is disposed on the mounting bracket 310 and is used to drive the pressed plate assembly 200 to move along the guide column 110 .

[0098] The driving part 400 may be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw, etc. According to an embodiment of the present application, the driving part 400 is an annular oil cylinder, which can be arranged around the first guide column 111. Specifically, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the annular cylinder includes an annular cylinder body 410 and an annular piston 420 disposed in the annular cylinder body 410. One of the annular cylinder body 410 and the annular piston 420 is fixedly connected to the first support portion 120, and the other of the annular cylinder body 410 and the annular piston 420 is connected to the pressure plate connecting portion 210, thereby driving the pressure plate connecting portion 210 to move up and down. By adopting the annular cylinder, it is possible to apply force evenly in the circumferential direction, so that the inner ring 41 of the bearing can move along the axial direction of the inner shaft 10 to avoid deflection.

[0099] In the example shown in the drawings, the bearing installation tool further includes a plurality of third guide rods 115, which are arranged around the outer circumference of the annular oil cylinder between the first support portion 120 and the pressure plate assembly 200. The third guide rods 115 are telescopic rods that can be extended and shortened accordingly with the movement of the annular oil cylinder. By providing a plurality of third guide rods 115, the driving operation of the annular oil cylinder can be made more stable.

[0100] Since the bearing is installed at room temperature, the installation resistance is large, and the uneven force in the circumferential direction can easily cause the bearing to get stuck during installation. However, by adopting the bearing installation tool according to the embodiment of the present application, it is possible to ensure that the force is evenly applied in the circumferential direction during the bearing installation process, and ensure that the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing can be sleeved along the axial direction, so that the inner ring 41 of the bearing can be installed at room temperature, avoiding the problem of long operation cycle in the thermal installation method, and improving the installation efficiency.

[0101] Although the bearing installation tool according to the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the installation of the bearing inner ring of the second bearing 40 as an example in the previous description, the bearing installation tool is not limited to the installation of the bearing inner ring, and can also be used to install the bearing outer ring. In the case of installing the bearing outer ring 43, the second support portion 130 can be fixedly installed at the axial end of the outer shaft 20. In the case of installing the bearing outer ring 43, its installation method and operation process are similar to those of installing the bearing inner ring 41, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] Although the specific details of the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by this description. Without departing from the principles of the present application, technicians in this field can make corresponding modifications and variations, and these modifications and variations will fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a shaft system, the shaft system comprising an inner shaft (10), an outer shaft (20) arranged outside the inner shaft (10), a bearing (40) arranged between the inner shaft (10) and the outer shaft (20), and a bearing end cover (50) connected to an end of the shaft system, the bearing (40) comprising a bearing inner ring (41) and a bearing outer ring (43), characterized in that: The shaft system installation method comprises: The bearing outer ring (43) is mounted on the inner side of the outer shaft (20), and the outer shaft (20) is sleeved on the inner shaft (10); Applying a predetermined axial preload force to the outer shaft (20); Obtaining the distance between the axial end surface of the bearing outer ring (43) and the axial end surface of the inner shaft (10) and recording it as L, and then removing the axial preload; Install the bearing inner ring (41) until the distance between the axial end surface of the bearing outer ring (43) and the axial end surface of the inner shaft (10) is L; Measuring a distance S between an axial end surface of the bearing inner ring (41) and an axial end surface of the inner shaft (10); The bearing end cover (50) is manufactured according to the distance S, and the bearing end cover (50) is fixedly mounted on the axial end surface of the inner shaft (10).

2. The shaft system installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of applying a predetermined axial preload force to the outer shaft (20), an axial extrusion force is applied to the outer shaft (20) or an axial extrusion force is applied to the bearing outer ring (43).

3. The shaft system installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of installing the bearing inner ring (41), the bearing inner ring (41) is pressed against the bearing installation tool, and the distance S1 between the bearing installation tool and the axial end face of the inner shaft (10) and the distance S2 between the bearing installation tool and the axial end face of the bearing outer ring (43) are respectively obtained by a first sensor and a second sensor installed on the bearing installation tool, and the distance S is obtained based on S2-S1.

4. The shaft system installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The bearing (40) is a rear bearing of the shaft system, the shaft system further comprises a front bearing spaced apart from the rear bearing, and the shaft system installation method further comprises: Before the bearing outer ring (43) is installed on the inner side of the outer shaft (20), the front bearing is installed between the inner shaft (10) and the outer shaft (20).

5. The shaft system installation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaft system is a main shaft system of a wind turbine generator set, the front bearing and the rear bearing are tapered roller bearings or angular contact ball bearings, and the front bearing and the rear bearing are arranged back to back.

6. The shaft system installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial end of the inner shaft (10) and / or the end of the bearing inner ring (41) has a chamfer. In the step of installing the bearing inner ring (41), the bearing inner ring (41) is installed on the inner shaft (10) at room temperature, and the bearing inner ring (42) is pushed along the axial direction of the inner shaft (10) until the distance between the axial end face of the bearing outer ring (43) and the axial end face of the inner shaft (10) is L.

7. A bearing installation tool, used in the shaft system installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The bearing installation tool comprises: A guide bracket (100) comprises a guide column (110) and a first support portion (120) and a second support portion (130) respectively connected to two ends of the guide column (110), wherein the second support portion (130) is used to be connected to an axial end of the inner shaft (10) or the outer shaft (20); The pressure plate assembly (200) is movably arranged between the first support portion (120) and the second support portion (130), and is capable of moving along the guide column (110) to push the bearing inner ring (41) or the bearing outer ring (43) on which the bearing (40) is installed.

8. The bearing installation tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing plate assembly (200) comprises: a pressure plate connecting portion (210) disposed between the first supporting portion (120) and the second supporting portion (130) and capable of moving along the guide column (110), wherein an outer peripheral edge of the pressure plate connecting portion (210) protrudes outward relative to an outer peripheral edge of the second supporting portion (130); A bearing pressure plate (220) is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the pressure plate connecting portion (210), can be arranged on the outer periphery of the second supporting portion (130) and can move along with the pressure plate connecting portion (210).

9. The bearing installation tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide column (110) includes a plurality of guide columns, which are arranged in parallel between the first support portion (120) and the second support portion (130), and the guide column (110) includes: A first guide column (111) is arranged in the middle of the first supporting portion (120) and the second supporting portion (130); A plurality of second guide pillars (112) are symmetrically arranged around the outer circumference of the first guide pillar (111).

10. The bearing installation tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bearing installation tool also includes: A sensor assembly (300) for measuring the distance between an outer ring (43) of the bearing (40) and an axial end surface of the inner shaft (10); A driving part, which is connected to the pressure plate assembly (200) and is used to drive the pressure plate assembly (200) to move along the guide column (110). The driving part is an annular cylinder, which includes an annular cylinder body and an annular piston arranged in the annular cylinder body, and can be arranged around the first guide column (111). One of the annular cylinder body and the annular piston is connected to the first support part (120), and the other of the annular cylinder body and the annular piston is connected to the pressure plate assembly (200).

Images