Multifunctional hinged chassis and tractor

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional hinged chassis and a tractor, the multifunctional hinged chassis comprises a front frame, a rear frame, a hinged shaft and a telescopic driving mechanism, the front frame and the rear frame are hinged through the hinged shaft, and the hinged shaft is arranged in the height direction; the rear frame comprises a fixed frame and a rotating frame, the fixed frame is hinged to the front frame through a hinge shaft, and the rotating frame is rotationally connected to the fixed frame in the length direction of the rotating frame; the first end of the telescopic driving mechanism is hinged to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic driving mechanism is hinged to the fixed frame. The telescopic driving mechanism stretches out or retracts back to drive the front frame and the rear frame to generate relative angle deflection, at the moment, due to the fact that the front frame and the rear frame both generate relative position deflection, the turning radius is reduced in the steering process compared with a traditional front wheel steering type chassis, the turning radius of the chassis in the turning process is smaller, and the steering efficiency of the chassis is improved. And turning and U-turn can be realized in a smaller area range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural vehicles, and in particular to a multifunctional articulated chassis and a tractor. Background Art

[0002] As the power machine in agriculture, the tractor can be used with a cargo box as a means of transportation, or it can be used with tillage and land preparation machinery to till or prepare the farmland, or it can be equipped with sowing machinery to achieve semi-automatic sowing, and it can even achieve fully automatic sowing by installing existing auxiliary driving equipment and navigation equipment.

[0003] It is known that mechanized operations using tractors have been widely used in northern my country. The main reason is that northern my country has many plains and flat land, which is suitable for fully automated operations by large machinery. In southern my country, there are many hills and mountains, and the area of ​​each piece of land is small. The existing tractors have a large turning radius and cannot complete operations such as turning and turning in a small area of ​​land, which greatly limits the development of tractors and other mechanical operations in southern my country.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional articulated chassis and tractor to solve or at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a multifunctional articulated chassis to solve the existing There is a tractor chassis through the front wheels The turning radius is too large for turning , the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A multifunctional articulated chassis comprises a front frame, a rear frame, an articulated shaft and a telescopic drive mechanism, wherein the front frame and the rear frame are articulated via the articulated shaft, and the articulated shaft is arranged along the height direction; the rear frame comprises a fixed frame and a rotating frame, the fixed frame is articulated to the front frame via the articulated shaft, and the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame along its own length direction; the first end of the telescopic drive mechanism is articulated to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism is articulated to the fixed frame.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-axle and a second half-axle; a spline is arranged on the first half-axle, and a keyway is arranged on the second half-axle. The first half-axle is plug-fitted in the keyway of the second half-axle through the spline, the first half-axle is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-axle is hinged to the rear axle.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-axle and a second half-axle; a keyway is arranged on the first half-axle, and a spline is arranged on the second half-axle. The second half-axle is plug-fitted in the keyway of the first half-axle through the spline. The first half-axle is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-axle is hinged to the rear axle.

[0009] Furthermore, the hinge shaft includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft, the upper shaft and the lower shaft are coaxially distributed up and down, and a gap is left between the upper shaft and the lower shaft, and the middle shaft is arranged through the gap between the upper shaft and the lower shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed frame is provided with an inner tube, a first locking nut and a second locking nut, and the rotating frame is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is coaxially sleeved and fitted on the outside of the inner tube, the first locking nut and the second locking nut are both threadedly connected to one end of the inner tube close to the rotating frame, one end of the first locking nut abuts against the end surface of the sleeve close to the rotating frame, and the second locking nut is arranged tightly together with the first locking nut.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting mechanism is provided on the fixed frame, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and the limiting block is arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame to limit the rotating frame.

[0013] Furthermore, two limit blocks are arranged, the two limit blocks are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame, and the two limit blocks are located on the left and right sides of the inner tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism also includes a limiting screw, two limiting screws are arranged, and the two limiting screws are respectively threadedly connected to the two limiting blocks, and one end of the limiting screw passes through the limiting block and is arranged toward the rotating frame.

[0015] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] When turning is required, the telescopic drive mechanism is extended or retracted to drive the front frame and the rear frame to deflect relative to each other. At this time, because the front frame and the rear frame are deflected relative to each other, the front frame deflects to one side and the rear frame deflects to the other side. Therefore, the turning radius is reduced during the steering process compared to the traditional front-wheel steering chassis, so that the turning radius of the chassis is smaller during the turning process, and turning and U-turns can be achieved in a smaller area.

[0017] By setting the rear frame to a structural form capable of relative rotation with the fixed frame and the rotating frame, the rotating frame can rotate around its length direction. During the driving process of the tractor, when one side of the front frame is lifted up, the front frame and the fixed frame will rotate relative to the rear frame. At this time, one wheel of the front frame is lifted up, and the other wheel is still on the ground. Both wheels are stressed and will not slip. When one wheel of the front frame is lifted up, the movable frame rotates relative to the fixed frame, that is, the rear frame remains horizontal relative to the ground. At this time, both wheels on the rear frame are supported on the ground and will not slip. That is, none of the four wheels will slip in the air, which is conducive to improving the driving ability of the tractor on uneven ground. Similarly, when one side of the rear frame is lifted up, none of the four wheels will slip in the air.

[0018] On the other hand, the present application also provides a tractor comprising the above-mentioned multifunctional articulated chassis.

[0019] In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. Figure 1-Figure 8 , the present invention is further described in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention when it is not turning;

[0023] Figure 3 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of a transmission assembly in a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transmission assembly in a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention when turning right;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention when turning left;

[0027] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a limiting mechanism in a multifunctional articulated chassis of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tractor of the present invention;

[0029] Among them, 1. front frame; 2. rear frame; 21. fixed frame; 211. inner tube; 212. first locking nut; 213. second locking nut; 214. limiting mechanism; 2141. limiting block; 2142. limiting screw; 22. rotating frame; 221. sleeve; 3. articulated shaft; 31. upper shaft; 32. lower shaft; 4. telescopic drive mechanism; 5. transmission assembly; 51. front axle; 52. middle shaft; 251. first half shaft; 252. second half shaft; 53. rear axle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below, and preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example:

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The present embodiment provides a multifunctional articulated chassis, comprising a front frame, a rear frame, an articulated shaft and a telescopic drive mechanism, wherein the front frame and the rear frame are articulated via the articulated shaft, and the articulated shaft is arranged along the height direction; the rear frame comprises a fixed frame and a rotating frame, the fixed frame is articulated to the front frame via the articulated shaft, and the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame along its own length direction; the first end of the telescopic drive mechanism is articulated to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism is articulated to the fixed frame.

[0034] Specifically, the chassis is arranged at the bottom of the tractor to support the weight of the entire tractor. A gearbox and a front drive axle are arranged on the front frame, the power input end of the front drive axle is located in the middle, and the input end of the front drive axle is connected to the output end of the gearbox, the output end of the front drive axle is located at both ends, and the two ends of the front drive axle are used to install the front wheels, and the front drive axle is driven to rotate by the gearbox, thereby driving the two front wheels of the tractor to rotate. A rear drive axle is arranged on the movable frame, and the output end of the rear drive axle is located at both ends, and the two ends of the rear drive axle are used to install the rear wheels, and the rear wheels are driven to rotate by the rear drive axle.

[0035] It can be understood that when turning is required, the telescopic drive mechanism is extended or retracted to drive the front frame and the rear frame to deflect relative to each other. At this time, because the front frame and the rear frame are deflected relative to each other, the front frame deflects to one side and the rear frame deflects to the other side. Therefore, the turning radius is reduced during the steering process compared to the traditional front-wheel steering chassis, so that the turning radius of the chassis is smaller during the turning process, and turning and U-turns can be achieved in a smaller area.

[0036] It should also be noted that when the ground is uneven during farming in the farmland, one side of the chassis will be lifted up. In existing tractors, because the front and rear frames are an integral whole, when one side of the chassis is lifted up, the other side of the chassis will be suspended in the air, so that the lifted wheel cannot be subjected to force, causing the lifted wheel to spin idly, and the power cannot be smoothly transmitted to the wheel supported on the ground, causing the tractor to fail. However, through the design of the present application, by setting the rear frame to a structural form that can rotate relative to the fixed frame and the rotating frame, the rotating frame can rotate around its length direction. During the driving process of the tractor, when one side of the front frame is lifted up, the front frame and the fixed frame will rotate relative to the rear frame. At this time, one wheel of the front frame is lifted up, and the other wheel is still on the ground. Both wheels are stressed and will not slip. When the wheel on one side of the front frame is lifted up, the movable frame rotates relative to the fixed frame, that is, the rear frame remains horizontal relative to the ground. At this time, both wheels on the rear frame are supported on the ground and will not slip. That is, none of the four wheels will slip in the air, which is conducive to improving the driving ability of the tractor on uneven ground. Similarly, when one side of the rear frame is lifted up, none of the four wheels will slip in the air.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-axle and a second half-axle; a spline is arranged on the first half-axle, and a keyway is arranged on the second half-axle. The first half-axle is plug-fitted in the keyway of the second half-axle through the spline, the first half-axle is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-axle is hinged to the rear axle.

[0038] Specifically, an engine is installed on the chassis, and the output end of the engine transmits power to the front drive axle through a first path, and the output end of the engine transmits power to the front axle through a second path to drive the front wheels to rotate, and the engine power is transmitted to the rear drive axle through the front axle, the middle axle and the rear axle in sequence to drive the rear wheels to rotate. The front axle is articulated with the first half axle through a universal joint, and the rear axle is also articulated with the second half axle through a universal joint.

[0039] It can be known that the power of the engine can be smoothly transmitted to the rear drive axle through the front axle, middle axle and rear axle to drive the rear wheels to rotate, because the front axle, middle axle and rear axle are all connected by universal joints. Therefore, when the vehicle turns, the power of the engine can still be smoothly transmitted to the rear drive axle on the rear frame through the front axle, middle axle and rear axle. Variable angle transmission is achieved through universal joints. The first half axle and the second half axle are matched through splines and keyways, so that the first half axle can move axially relative to the second half axle. Even if the length of the middle axle can change, the change in the length of the middle axle can offset the position changes of the front axle and the middle axle hinge and the middle axle and the rear axle hinge during the turning process to prevent jamming.

[0040] It is worth noting that when the front frame and the rear frame rotate relative to each other, the angle between the front frame and the rear frame will become smaller, that is, from the original 180 degrees to an angle less than 180 degrees. It should be noted that during the rotation of the universal joint, the smaller the angle between the input end and the output end, the greater the energy loss. If the power of the engine is directly transmitted by two drive shafts articulated through a universal joint, the angle between the two drive shafts is equal to the angle between the front frame and the rear frame. By setting the front axle, the middle axle and the rear axle, the angle between the front axle and the middle axle is greater than the angle between the front frame and the rear frame, and the angle between the middle axle and the rear axle is greater than the angle between the front frame and the rear frame, thereby reducing the energy loss in the transmission process and improving the transmission efficiency.

[0041] As another preferred embodiment, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-axle and a second half-axle. A keyway is arranged on the first half-axle, and a spline is arranged on the second half-axle. The second half-axle is plug-fitted in the keyway of the first half-axle through the spline.

[0042] It can be known that this scheme is basically consistent with the above-mentioned embodiment. This scheme changes the positions of the splines and keyways, arranges the splines on the second half shaft, and arranges the keyways on the first half shaft. Its working principle is basically consistent with the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0043] Furthermore, the hinge shaft includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft, the upper shaft and the lower shaft are coaxially distributed up and down, and a gap is left between the upper shaft and the lower shaft, and the middle shaft is arranged through the gap between the upper shaft and the lower shaft.

[0044] It can be known that the articulated shaft is arranged in the form of an upper shaft and a lower shaft so that the middle shaft can smoothly pass between the upper shaft and the lower shaft, so as to facilitate the transmission of the power of the engine on the front frame to the rear drive axle on the rear frame through the front shaft, the middle shaft and the rear shaft to drive the rear wheels to rotate. Because the position of the middle shaft will move relative to the front frame and the rear frame during the turning process of the chassis, the articulated shaft is arranged in the form of an upper shaft and a lower shaft so that the articulated shaft will not block the middle shaft during the turning process of the chassis.

[0045] Furthermore, the telescopic driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder. It is known that the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the front frame, and the second end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the fixed frame. The front frame and the rear frame are pushed to rotate relative to each other by the extension or retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby realizing the steering of the chassis. Specifically, the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the end of the front half shaft of the front frame close to the tire, because this position is farthest from the rotation center, so that the hydraulic cylinder can have the largest force arm when driving the front frame and the rear frame to rotate relative to each other, so that the hydraulic cylinder can drive the front frame and the rear frame to rotate relative to each other more easily.

[0046] In some other embodiments of the present application, the telescopic drive mechanism may also be an electric push rod, the first end of which is hinged on the front frame, and the second end of which is hinged on the fixed frame. Its driving principle is basically the same as that of the hydraulic cylinder, and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] Furthermore, the fixed frame is provided with an inner tube, a first locking nut and a second locking nut, and the rotating frame is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is coaxially sleeved and fitted on the outside of the inner tube, the first locking nut and the second locking nut are both threadedly connected to one end of the inner tube close to the rotating frame, one end of the first locking nut abuts against the end surface of the sleeve close to the rotating frame, and the second locking nut is arranged tightly together with the first locking nut.

[0048] It can be known that the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame by sleeve fitting on the outer side of the inner tube. The sleeve is axially limited by the first locking nut and the second locking nut to prevent the sleeve from falling off the inner tube. At the same time, the first locking nut and the second locking nut are tightened together to prevent the first locking nut and the second locking nut from loosening.

[0049] Furthermore, a limiting mechanism is provided on the fixed frame, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and the limiting block is arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame to limit the rotating frame.

[0050] It can be known that if there is no limit mechanism, the rotating frame can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the fixed frame, which is obviously not conducive to the driving safety of the chassis. The limit mechanism is set to limit the rotating frame to rotate within a reasonable range. The limit block is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed frame close to the inner tube, and the rotation range of the rotating frame is limited by the limit block, so that the rotating frame rotates within the limited range.

[0051] Furthermore, two limit blocks are arranged, the two limit blocks are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame, and the two limit blocks are located on the left and right sides of the inner tube.

[0052] It can be known that by arranging two limit blocks, the left and right rotation directions of the rotating frame are limited at the same time.

[0053] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism also includes a limiting screw, two limiting screws are arranged, and the two limiting screws are respectively threadedly connected to the two limiting blocks, and one end of the limiting screw passes through the limiting block and is arranged toward the rotating frame.

[0054] It can be known that, through the setting of the limit screw, the rotation range of the rotating frame can be conveniently adjusted through the limit screw. When the rotation range of the rotating frame needs to be increased, it is only necessary to rotate the limit screw to move the limit screw in the direction away from the rotating frame; when the rotation range of the rotating frame needs to be reduced, it is only necessary to rotate the limit screw to move the limit screw in the direction close to the rotating frame.

[0055] On the other hand, the present application also provides a tractor comprising the multifunctional articulated chassis mentioned above.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional articulated chassis, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a front frame (1), a rear frame (2), an articulated shaft (3) and a telescopic driving mechanism (4), wherein the front frame (1) and the rear frame (2) are articulated via the articulated shaft (3), and the articulated shaft (3) is arranged along the height direction; The rear frame (2) comprises a fixed frame (21) and a rotating frame (22); the fixed frame (21) is hinged to the front frame (1) via the hinge shaft (3); and the rotating frame (22) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21) along its own length direction; The first end of the telescopic drive mechanism (4) is hinged on the front frame (1), and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism (4) is hinged on the fixed frame (21).

2. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle further comprises a transmission assembly (5), wherein the transmission assembly (5) comprises a front axle (51), a middle axle (52) and a rear axle (53), wherein the front axle (51) is rotatably connected to the front frame (1), and the rear axle (53) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21), a first end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the front axle (51), a rear end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the rear axle (53), and the middle axle (52) comprises a first half axle (251) and a second half axle (252); A spline is arranged on the first half shaft (251), and a keyway is arranged on the second half shaft (252). The first half shaft (251) is inserted into the keyway of the second half shaft (252) through the spline. The first half shaft (251) is hinged to the front shaft (51), and the second half shaft (252) is hinged to the rear shaft (53).

3. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle further comprises a transmission assembly (5), wherein the transmission assembly (5) comprises a front axle (51), a middle axle (52) and a rear axle (53), wherein the front axle (51) is rotatably connected to the front frame (1), and the rear axle (53) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21), a first end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the front axle (51), a rear end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the rear axle (53), and the middle axle (52) comprises a first half axle (251) and a second half axle (252); A keyway is arranged on the first half shaft (251), a spline is arranged on the second half shaft (252), the second half shaft (252) is plug-fitted into the keyway of the first half shaft (251) via the spline, the first half shaft (251) is hinged to the front shaft (51), and the second half shaft (252) is hinged to the rear shaft (53).

4. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The hinge shaft (3) comprises an upper shaft (31) and a lower shaft (32), wherein the upper shaft (31) and the lower shaft (32) are coaxially distributed up and down, and a gap is left between the upper shaft (31) and the lower shaft (32), and the middle shaft (52) is arranged through the gap between the upper shaft (31) and the lower shaft (32).

5. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The telescopic driving mechanism (4) is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

6. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fixed frame (21) is provided with an inner tube (211), a first locking nut (212) and a second locking nut (213); the rotating frame (22) is provided with a sleeve (221); the sleeve (221) is coaxially sleeved and fitted on the outer side of the inner tube (211); the first locking nut (212) and the second locking nut (213) are both threadedly connected to one end of the inner tube (211) close to the rotating frame (22); one end of the first locking nut (212) abuts against an end surface of the sleeve (221) close to the rotating frame (22); and the second locking nut (213) is arranged tightly together with the first locking nut (212).

7. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting mechanism (214) is provided on the fixed frame (21), the limiting mechanism (214) comprising a limiting block (2141), the limiting block (2141) being fixedly connected to the fixed frame (21), and the limiting block (2141) being arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame (22) to limit the rotating frame (22).

8. The multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two limit blocks (2141) are arranged, and the two limit blocks (2141) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame (21), and the two limit blocks (2141) are located on the left and right sides of the inner tube (211).

9. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (214) further comprises a limiting screw (2142), two limiting screws (2142) are arranged, the two limiting screws (2142) are respectively threadedly connected to the two limiting blocks (2141), and one end of the limiting screw (2142) passes through the limiting block (2141) and is arranged toward the rotating frame (22).

10. A tractor, characterized in that: A multifunctional articulated chassis comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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