Transmitting and receiving combined transducer based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT

Abstract

A receiving and transmitting combined transducer based on a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic transducers, and comprises a prestress layer, a watertight layer, a cable, a splicing ring and two cover plates, the splicing ring is formed by connecting a plurality of splicing units; each splicing unit comprises two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal strips and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal strips; each splicing unit comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode; leads led out from the anodes of all the splicing units are connected in parallel to lead out a total lead A, and leads led out from the cathodes are connected in parallel to lead out a total lead B; the prestress layer wraps the outer circumferential surface of the splicing ring; the two cover plates are installed at the two ends of the splicing ring respectively, and the two cover plates and the splicing ring are matched to form an air backing. The watertight layer wraps the peripheries of the two cover plates and the splicing ring; the cable is of a two-core structure and is electrically connected with the main wire A and the main wire B respectively. According to the utility model, the sound source level and the sensitivity of the transducer can be improved, and the working distance of the transducer can be effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic transducers, and in particular relates to a transceiver based on a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT. Background Art

[0002] The transducer is a common underwater acoustic intermediate frequency transducer, which is widely used in underwater acoustic communications, acoustic decoys, acoustic beacons and other sonar equipment as a sensor for transmitting and receiving underwater sound waves. Traditional transducers usually use a single radially polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring. Although the structure is simple, due to the limited size of the structure, its emission sound source level and sensitivity are low, which seriously affects the working distance of the transducer in underwater detection. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT, which can improve the sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer and effectively increase the working distance of the transducer.

[0004] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A transceiver based on a relaxor ferroelectric PMNT single crystal, comprising: a prestressed layer, a watertight layer, a cable, an inlaid ring and two cover plates;

[0006] The inlaid ring is a cylindrical structure composed of a number of inlaid units connected;

[0007] Each mosaic unit includes: two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars; the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and the two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars are connected to each other in an interlaced manner; when two adjacent mosaic units are connected, the PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bar of one mosaic unit is connected to the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar of another mosaic unit; each mosaic unit includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the wires led out of the positive electrodes of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to lead out a total wire A; the wires led out of the negative electrodes of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to lead out a total wire B;

[0008] The prestressed layer is wrapped around the outer circumferential surface of the inlaid ring;

[0009] The two cover plates are respectively installed at the two ends of the inlaid ring to seal the two ends of the inlaid ring; the two cover plates and the inlaid ring cooperate to form an air backing;

[0010] The watertight layer is wrapped around the outer circumference of the two cover plates and the inlaid ring equipped with the prestressed layer;

[0011] The cable has a two-core structure; one end of one core wire of the cable is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor A; one end of the other core wire is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor B.

[0012] Furthermore, the polarization directions of the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars in each mosaic unit are both toward the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar located between the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars, and the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A, and the other aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B;

[0013] The aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A in each mosaic unit is the positive electrode, and the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B is the negative electrode.

[0014] Furthermore, the transducer further comprises: a base and a screw;

[0015] The two cover plates and the inlaid ring are coaxially mounted on the base through screws;

[0016] The cable is mounted on the base.

[0017] Furthermore, a positioning groove along the circumference of each cover plate is processed on the end surface thereof; the positioning groove is opposite to the end surface of the inlaid ring;

[0018] Each of the positioning grooves is provided with a vibration-isolating rubber pad. When the inlaid circular ring is installed on the cover plate, the inlaid circular ring contacts the vibration-isolating rubber pad.

[0019] Further, the prestressed layer comprises: glass fibers and epoxy resin;

[0020] The glass filaments coated with epoxy resin are reciprocatingly wound on the outer circumference of the inlaid ring.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the prestressed layer is not less than 1 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the watertight layer is made of polyurethane.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The utility model is a transducer based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT, wherein the mosaic ring is a cylindrical structure composed of a plurality of mosaic units connected together. The size of the mosaic ring is not limited, and the size of the transducer can be set according to needs, thereby improving the sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer and improving the working distance of the transducer in underwater detection. The outer periphery of the mosaic ring is provided with a prestressed layer, which can strengthen the structural strength of the mosaic ring while preventing the mosaic units from falling off, thereby ensuring that the emission sound source level and sensitivity are improved. The two cover plates and the mosaic ring cooperate to form an air backing structure, and the underwater sound waves emitted or received can be The sound waves are reflected in the inner space of the transducer, which can increase the anti-sound effect, thereby improving the emission voltage response and sensitivity of the transducer; the watertight layer is installed on the outer periphery of the two cover plates and the mosaic ring equipped with the prestressed layer, which can isolate the influence of the external environment and further improve the emission sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer; the mosaic units of the transducer each include two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars; the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and the two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars are staggered and connected to each other; the mosaic units use PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars, because PMNT single crystal has a high piezoelectric constant d compared with PZT material 33 (7-8 times more than that of PZT) and electric couple and coefficient, it has higher emission voltage response, emission sound source level and sensitivity under the same size; the Young's modulus of PMNT single crystal is lower than that of PZT ceramic material, and it has lower longitudinal wave velocity than previous PZT ceramic materials, and has a smaller radius under the same working frequency band, which can effectively reduce the size and weight of the transducer.

[0025] (2) The utility model is a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT, in which a vibration isolation rubber pad is installed in the positioning groove, and the vibration isolation rubber pad can isolate external vibration, thereby improving the performance of the transducer.

[0026] (3) The utility model is a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT. Glass fibers coated with epoxy resin are wound around the outer circumference of the mosaic ring to form a prestressed layer, so that the mosaic ring can maintain structural integrity during use, thereby ensuring the emission sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer.

[0027] (4) The utility model is a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT, the thickness of the prestressed layer is not less than 1mm, which can effectively provide prestress and improve the performance of the transducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mosaic unit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inlaid ring of the present invention;

[0031] Among them, 1-PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bar, 2-aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar, 3-cover plate, 4-vibration isolation rubber pad, 5-base, 6-screw, 7-glass fiber, 8-polyurethane, 9-cable, 10-inlaid ring, 11-main conductor A, 12-main conductor B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The terms such as upper, lower, left, right, inside, outside, top, bottom, etc. in this application document are based on the terms such as upper, lower, left, right, inside, outside, top, bottom, etc. The corresponding positional relationships may change if the drawings are different, so they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection.

[0033] In the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a mechanical connection, an integrated connection, a detachable connection, or an interaction between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] This embodiment provides a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a base 5, a screw 6, a glass fiber 7, a polyurethane 8, a cable 9, a main conductor A11, a main conductor B12, an inlaid ring 10, two cover plates 3 and two vibration isolation pads 4;

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the mosaic ring 10 is a cylindrical structure composed of a plurality of mosaic units bonded together; in this embodiment, the central angle of each mosaic unit is 30 degrees, and the mosaic ring 10 in this embodiment is composed of twelve mosaic units;

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, each mosaic unit is composed of two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 1 and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars 2 bonded in an interlaced manner (PMNT single crystal is relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT); the polarization directions of the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 2 in each mosaic unit are both toward the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar 2 located between the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 1, so that the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar 2 is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A, and the other aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar 2 is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B; in each mosaic unit, aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A is the positive electrode, and aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B is the negative electrode; a red wire is led out from the positive electrode of each mosaic unit, and the red wires of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to form a total wire A11; a black wire is led out from the negative electrode of each mosaic unit, and the black wires of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to form a total wire B12;

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, when bonding between every two adjacent inlay units, the PMNT single crystal trapezoidal strip 1 of one inlay unit is connected to the aluminum alloy trapezoidal strip 2 of another inlay unit; after bonding between several inlay units is completed, the outer circumference thereof is reciprocatedly wound by glass yarn 7 (i.e., wound from one end of the inlay ring 10 to the other end, and then wound from the other end to one end) to form a prestressed layer; the winding thickness of the glass yarn 7 is not less than 1 mm; the glass yarn 7 is used to fix several inlay units to ensure the overall integrity and firmness of the inlay ring 10, so that the inlay ring 10 can maintain structural integrity during use, thereby ensuring the emission sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer; at the same time, the glass yarn 7 can provide prestress toward the central axis to the inlay ring 10 formed by bonding several inlay units, thereby improving the sound source level and sensitivity of the transducer; the outer surface of the glass yarn 7 is coated with epoxy resin, and after the glass yarn 7 is wound, the epoxy resin is dried in an oven, thereby improving the strength of the glass yarn 7, thereby effectively improving the performance and safety of the glass yarn 7 after winding;

[0039] The two cover plates 3 are respectively installed at the two ends of the inlaid ring 10, and the two ends of the inlaid ring 10 are closed; a through hole is processed in the center of each cover plate 3, and a positioning groove along its circumference is processed on the plate end surface of the cover plate 3; a vibration isolation rubber pad 4 is installed in the positioning groove; when the inlaid ring 10 is installed on the cover plate 3, the inlaid ring 10 is in contact with the vibration isolation rubber pad 4; the vibration isolation rubber pad 4 is used to isolate external vibration and can improve the performance of the transducer; in this embodiment, the diameter of the through hole on the cover plate 3 is 3mm;

[0040] An M3 threaded hole is processed at the center of the base 5; in this embodiment, the base 5 is made of stainless steel; the two cover plates 3 equipped with vibration isolation pads 4 and the inlaid ring 10 are coaxially installed in the threaded hole of the base 5 through a screw 6; after installation, the inlaid ring 10 and the cover plate 3 cooperate to form an air backing (i.e., a closed space is formed between the inlaid ring 10 and the cover plate 3), and the internal space of the inlaid ring 10 is isolated from the outside, so that sound waves can be reflected in the closed space, thereby improving the sensitivity of receiving sound waves;

[0041] The polyurethane 8 seals the inlaid ring 10, the cover plate 3, the vibration isolation rubber pad 4, and the screw 6 to the bottom end of the base 5 to form a watertight layer; the air backing formed inside the inlaid ring 10 can also prevent the polyurethane 8 from flowing into the internal space of the inlaid ring 10;

[0042] The cable 9 is installed on the base 5; the cable 9 is a two-core structure; one end of one core wire of the cable 9 is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor A11; one end of the other core wire of the cable 9 is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor B12; the cable 9 is used for transmitting and receiving signals.

[0043] In this embodiment, a transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT is manufactured by the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 1 and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars 2 are bonded to form a mosaic unit in an interlaced manner; in each mosaic unit, the polarization directions of the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 1 are both toward the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar 2 located between the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars 1;

[0045] Step 2: In each mosaic unit, a red wire is led out from the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A (i.e., the positive electrode), and a black wire is led out from the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B (i.e., the negative electrode);

[0046] Step 3, splicing twelve mosaic units to form a mosaic ring 10; at this time, the PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bar 1 of one mosaic unit is connected to the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar 2 of another mosaic unit;

[0047] Step 4: After brushing epoxy resin on the surface of the glass fiber 7, it is wound back and forth from one end to the other end of the mosaic unit and then from the other end to one end to form a thickness of 1 mm, and then dried;

[0048] Step 5: connect the red wires of all the mosaic units in parallel to form a total wire A11, and connect the black wires of all the mosaic units in parallel to form a total wire B12;

[0049] Step 6: glue the upper and lower vibration isolation pads 4 into the positioning grooves of the two cover plates 3 respectively;

[0050] Step 7: The screw 6 passes through the cover plate 3, the vibration isolation rubber pad 4 and the inlay ring 10, and is tightened with the threaded hole at the center of the base 5;

[0051] Step eight, the two core wires of the cable 9 are respectively welded to the main conductor A11 and the main conductor B12 of the inlaid ring 10;

[0052] Step nine, use polyurethane 8 to bond the screw 6, cover plate 3, vibration isolation rubber pad 4 and inlay ring 10 to the base 5.

[0053] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT, characterized in that: include: Prestressed layer, watertight layer, cables, inlaid rings and two cover plates; The inlaid ring is a cylindrical structure composed of a number of inlaid units connected; Each mosaic unit includes: two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars; the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars and the two aluminum alloy trapezoidal bars are connected to each other in an interlaced manner; when two adjacent mosaic units are connected, the PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bar of one mosaic unit is connected to the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar of another mosaic unit; each mosaic unit includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the wires led out of the positive electrodes of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to lead out a total wire A; the wires led out of the negative electrodes of all mosaic units are connected in parallel to lead out a total wire B; The prestressed layer is wrapped around the outer circumferential surface of the inlaid ring; The two cover plates are respectively installed at the two ends of the inlaid ring to seal the two ends of the inlaid ring; the two cover plates and the inlaid ring cooperate to form an air backing; The watertight layer is wrapped around the outer circumference of the two cover plates and the inlaid ring equipped with the prestressed layer; The cable has a two-core structure; one end of one core wire of the cable is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor A; one end of the other core wire is electrically connected to the transceiver integrated circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the main conductor B.

2. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization directions of the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars in each mosaic unit are both toward the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar located between the two PMNT single crystal trapezoidal bars, and the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A, and the other aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar is aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B; The aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar A in each mosaic unit is the positive electrode, and the aluminum alloy trapezoidal bar B is the negative electrode.

3. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transducer also includes: a base and a screw; The two cover plates and the inlaid ring are coaxially mounted on the base through screws; The cable is mounted on the base.

4. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning groove is processed on the end surface of each cover plate along its circumference; the positioning groove is opposite to the end surface of the inlaid ring; Each of the positioning grooves is provided with a vibration-isolating rubber pad. When the inlaid circular ring is installed on the cover plate, the inlaid circular ring contacts the vibration-isolating rubber pad.

5. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed layer comprises: glass fibers and epoxy resin; The glass filaments coated with epoxy resin are reciprocatingly wound on the outer circumference of the inlaid ring.

6. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the prestressed layer is not less than 1 mm.

7. A transceiver based on relaxor ferroelectric single crystal PMNT as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The watertight layer is made of polyurethane.

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