Railway steel rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption and intelligent maintenance system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail maintenance, and discloses a railway steel rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption and an intelligent maintenance system.The railway steel rail cleaning device comprises a platen, a scraping plate is fixedly connected to the outer portion of a connecting rod, an adjusting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod, and a servo motor is fixedly installed at the top of a second supporting plate; the bottom of the second supporting plate is rotationally connected with a cleaning brush. According to the railway steel rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption and the intelligent maintenance system, when abnormal conditions such as deformation or cracks occur on a rail, quick marking and positioning are achieved, when a dirty part is found, dust is sucked into the dust removal box through the negative pressure draught fan and filtered and collected through the filter screen plate, then the air cylinder base is controlled to make the scraping plate be tightly attached to the outer side of the rail for cleaning, and the cleaning efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, metal waste residues are adsorbed through a magnetic attraction strip matched with a U-shaped plate, the cleaning brush is attached to the outer side of the rail to rotate for cleaning, the rail is sprayed and washed through a water spraying pipe, and therefore the cleaning strength and the cleaning mode are adjusted according to different parts of the rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail maintenance, and in particular to a rail cleaning device and an intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption. Background Art

[0002] Railroad tracks, also known as railway tracks, are usually composed of two parallel steel rails and are used in railway engineering to assist trains in moving. The rails are generally fixed on sleepers, with ballast underneath to withstand the huge weight of the train. As the rails are exposed to the external environment and are eroded by wind, rain and sunlight all year round, the rail structure becomes deformed, cracked or even broken due to oxidation and rust. If not repaired and replaced in time, it will seriously endanger the safety of the train and even cause a major derailment accident. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly carry out railway engineering maintenance operations through railway rail cleaning devices, so as to promptly inspect and replace damaged rail parts to ensure the normal operation of the railway.

[0003] After searching, according to the invention patent with Chinese patent publication number CN113909161A, a rail cleaning device and a method of use are disclosed. The rail cleaning device in the invention patent is to clean the dirt and impurities on the surface of the rail by setting a cleaning plate, a cleaning brush, a friction plate, a cleaning plate and other structures to ensure the normal operation of the rail;

[0004] However, in combination with the cleaning mechanism and cleaning mechanism of the rail cleaning device, the cleaning mechanism and cleaning mechanism only contact the rail through the cleaning plate, cleaning brush and friction plate, and the cleaning plate structure, and only perform a certain degree of maintenance work on the rail surface, but cannot collect rail image data, monitor the rail condition data in real time, and cannot effectively locate abnormal parts for subsequent maintenance and replacement. It is difficult to adjust the cleaning force and cleaning method according to the rail condition. Therefore, according to the technical problems existing in the rail cleaning device, a railway rail cleaning device and an intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a railway rail cleaning device and an intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption, which have the advantages of locating abnormal parts of the rails by high-speed acquisition of rail image data, and conveniently adapting to the adjustment of cleaning intensity and cleaning method. It solves the problem that the rail cleaning device and the use method in the above-mentioned background technology simply perform rail maintenance and cleaning through a cleaning mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, and cannot quickly locate abnormal parts of the rails.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of collecting rail image data at high speed, locating abnormal parts of the rail, and conveniently adjusting the cleaning force and cleaning method, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption, comprising a table, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a supporting leg, the bottom of which is provided with a first cleaning mechanism and a second cleaning mechanism, and the top of which is fixedly connected to a push handle;

[0007] The first cleaning mechanism includes a first support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting leg close to the left side of the table plate, the bottom of the first support plate is fixedly connected to a first side plate, the bottom left side of the first support plate is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the outside of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a scraper, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to an adjustment plate, and the inner side of the adjustment plate is fixedly connected to a spring.

[0008] The second cleaning mechanism includes a second support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting leg close to the right side of the table, the bottom of the second support plate is fixedly connected to the second side plate, the top of the second support plate is fixedly installed with a servo motor, and the bottom of the second support plate is rotatably connected to a cleaning brush.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the supporting legs is four, and they are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the table top. The number of the first support plates and the second support plates are two each. The left sides of the two first support plates and the two second support plates are fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate, and the inner side of each of the U-shaped plates is embedded and fixed with three magnetic strips.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the first side panels and the number of the second side panels are both four, a first roller is movably mounted on the top of each first support plate and the inside of each first side panel, the first roller is in rolling contact with a track, the four U-shaped plates are all wrapped around the outside of the track, a second roller is movably mounted on the top of the second support plate and the inside of the two second side panels, the second roller is in rolling contact with the track, and the scraper is attached to the outside of the track.

[0011] Preferably, a spray assembly is provided on the surface of the table top, and the spray assembly includes a water tank and a water pump respectively fixedly mounted on the top of the table top, the right side of the water pump is through-connected with the left side of the water tank via a No. 1 water pumping pipe, and the left side of the water pump is fixedly connected with a No. 2 water pumping pipe, and the tops of the two first support plates are fixedly connected with water spraying pipes, and the tops of the two water spraying pipes are respectively through-connected with the bottom of the No. 2 water pumping pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the bottoms of the two first support plates are fixedly connected with nozzles, the bottoms of the two water spray pipes are respectively connected with the two nozzles, a liquid level observation window is provided on the side of the water tank, and a water filling port is opened on the top of the water tank, and a sealing round cover is threadedly connected to the outer side of the water filling port.

[0013] Preferably, a dust removal assembly is provided on the top of the table, and the dust removal assembly includes a dust removal box fixedly mounted on the top of the table, a negative pressure fan is fixedly mounted on the top of the dust removal box, and dust suction pipes are connected to the front and rear sides of the dust removal box, and the two dust suction pipes extend to the bottom of the table, and a filter screen is slidably connected to the inner right wall of the dust removal box, and a pull block is fixedly connected to the filter screen on the side facing away from the dust removal box.

[0014] A railway rail intelligent maintenance system, comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a maintenance control module and a power master control module;

[0015] The data acquisition module includes a CCD camera fixedly mounted on the rear side of the top of each first support plate, the CCD camera includes a lens housing facing the ground, an image sensor is arranged inside the lens housing, the image sensor signal is connected to an image signal processor, the image signal processor is electrically connected to an analog-to-digital converter through a signal processing circuit, the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to a digital signal processor, the data acquisition module also includes a data storage unit and an imaging unit, the digital signal processor encodes and compresses the image signal for uploading to the data storage unit, the imaging unit is signal-connected to the data storage unit for decoding and decompression of the acquired image data;

[0016] The data analysis module includes an image preprocessing unit connected to the imaging unit data, the image preprocessing unit includes image enhancement processing and image filtering and denoising processing, the image enhancement processing suppresses or enhances image pixels according to the acquired rail image to uniform the image grayscale, the image filtering and denoising processing eliminates image noise points according to the median filtering algorithm, the data analysis module also includes a point cloud feature extraction unit, the point cloud feature extraction unit is used to extract 3D point cloud contour data of the rail cross section, and model the rail structure according to the acquired 3D point cloud contour data, the data analysis module also includes a model training unit, the model training unit constructs a convolutional neural network model including an input layer, a convolution layer, a pooling layer, a fully connected layer and an output layer, the preprocessed rail image is input to the input layer, the defect judgment category is output, and the defect identification is performed on the modeled rail point cloud model.

[0017] Preferably, the maintenance control module includes a cylinder seat fixedly installed on the top of each first support plate, the cylinder seat is movably connected with a piston push rod on the side facing the adjustment plate, the piston push rod is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor on the side facing the adjustment plate, the pressure sensors are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment plate through pressure sensitive sheets, the cylinder seat is externally connected to a PLC control subsystem through a pneumatic solenoid valve, and a piezoelectric detection element is arranged inside the pressure sensor for converting the detected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the PLC control subsystem.

[0018] Preferably, the maintenance control module also includes a motor controller fixedly mounted on the top of each second support plate, the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to a rotary encoder, the bottom of the rotary encoder is coaxially fixed to the top of the cleaning brush through a coupling, the motor controller is electrically connected to the rotary encoder, the PLC control subsystem is provided with a single-chip microcomputer module, the single-chip microcomputer module is electrically connected to the motor controller, the power master control module includes an ECU control unit and a hub motor, the number of the hub motors is four, and they are movably mounted at the four corners of the bottom of the table plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a railway rail cleaning device and intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The rail cleaning device and intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption collects and uploads rail image data through the image sensor, image signal processor and digital signal processor of the CCD camera, and constructs a rail point cloud model and a convolutional neural network model after preprocessing the image data by enhancement and filtering and denoising. The convolutional neural network model is trained to quickly determine the defect category, and the defect is marked in the point cloud model to quickly locate the defective part of the rail.

[0021] 2. The rail cleaning device and intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption can judge the type of rail defects. When abnormal conditions such as deformation or cracks are found, the rails are quickly marked and located for subsequent inspection and replacement. When dirty parts are found on the rails, the dust is first sucked into the dust removal box through the vacuum pipe by the negative pressure fan, and filtered and collected by the filter screen. Then, the air intake of the cylinder seat is controlled, and the loading force of the piston push rod and the pressure sensor on the adjustment plate is adjusted. The scraper is driven to swing through the connecting rod under the expansion and contraction of the spring, so that the scraper fits tightly on the outer side of the track to clean the dirty parts, and at the same time, the magnetic strip of the U-shaped plate is used to absorb the metal waste and separate the dust.

[0022] Then, for stubborn stains that are difficult to clean, control and increase the output speed of the servo motor, use the cleaning brush to rotate in close proximity to the outside of the track to scrape off the dirt and dust, cooperate with the water pump to pump water from the water tank into the spray pipe, and use the nozzle at the bottom of the spray pipe to spray and rinse the track, so as to adjust the corresponding cleaning intensity and cleaning method according to different parts of the rails. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial front view of the perspective;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the viewing angle;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the U-shaped plate structure in perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Bottom view from perspective;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the first support plate structure in perspective;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the second support plate structure in perspective;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CCD camera of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a framework diagram of the railway rail intelligent maintenance system of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, table; 2, supporting legs; 3, first cleaning mechanism; 301, first support plate; 302, first side plate; 303, connecting rod; 304, scraper; 305, adjustment plate; 306, spring; 4, second cleaning mechanism; 401, second support plate; 402, second side plate; 403, servo motor; 404, cleaning brush; 5, push handle; 6, U-shaped plate; 7, magnetic strip; 8, first roller; 9, second roller; 10, track; 11, spray assembly; 1101, water tank; 1102, water pump ; 1103, water spray pipe; 12, liquid level observation window; 13, dust removal assembly; 1301, dust removal box; 1302, negative pressure fan; 1303, dust suction pipe; 1304, filter screen; 14, CCD camera; 1401, lens housing; 1402, image sensor; 1403, image signal processor; 1404, analog-to-digital converter; 1405, digital signal processor; 15, cylinder seat; 16, pressure sensor; 17, motor controller; 18, rotary encoder; 19, hub motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-9 , a rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption, comprising a platform 1, a support leg 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform 1, a first cleaning mechanism 3 and a second cleaning mechanism 4 are arranged at the bottom of the support leg 2, and a push handle 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the platform 1;

[0035] The first cleaning mechanism 3 includes a first support plate 301 fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting leg 2 close to the left side of the table top 1, the bottom of the first support plate 301 is fixedly connected to the first side plate 302, the bottom left side of the first support plate 301 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 303, the outside of the connecting rod 303 is fixedly connected to a scraper 304, the top of the connecting rod 303 is fixedly connected to an adjusting plate 305, and the inner side of the adjusting plate 305 is fixedly connected to a spring 306.

[0036] The second cleaning mechanism 4 includes a second support plate 401 fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting leg 2 close to the right side of the table top 1, the bottom of the second support plate 401 is fixedly connected to the second side plate 402, the top of the second support plate 401 is fixedly installed with a servo motor 403, and the bottom of the second support plate 401 is rotatably connected to a cleaning brush 404.

[0037] Furthermore, there are four supporting legs 2, which are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the platform 1. The number of the first support plates 301 and the number of the second support plates 401 are both two. The left sides of the two first support plates 301 and the two second support plates 401 are fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate 6, and the inner side of each U-shaped plate 6 is embedded and fixed with three magnetic strips 7.

[0038] Specifically, the four supporting legs 2 are respectively fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the table plate 1, the two first support plates 301 and the two second support plates 401 are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the bottom of the table plate 1, and the U-shaped plate 6 is fixedly connected to the left side of the two first support plates 301 and the two second support plates 401, and magnetic strips 7 are fixed on the inner front wall, inner rear wall and inner top wall of the U-shaped plate 6, so that the U-shaped plate 6 surrounds the outside of the rail and can magnetically attract debris on the rail.

[0039] Furthermore, the number of the first side plates 302 and the number of the second side plates 402 are both four, and a first roller 8 is movably installed on the top of each first support plate 301 and the inside of each first side plate 302, and the first roller 8 is in rolling contact with the track 10, and the four U-shaped plates 6 are all surrounded by the outside of the track 10, and a second roller 9 is movably installed on the top of the second support plate 401 and the inside of the two second side plates 402, and the second roller 9 is in rolling contact with the track 10, and the scraper 304 is attached to the outside of the track 10.

[0040] Specifically, the combined structure of the four first side plates 302 and the two first support plates 301, and the four second side plates 402 and the two second support plates 401 are embedded on the track 10, and at the same time, the two first support plates 301 and the two second support plates 401 form a wheeled structure through the first roller 8 and the second roller 9, so that the platform 1 can move on the track 10 as a whole;

[0041] At this time, the scrapers 304 on the two first support plates 301 are attached to the front and rear sides of the track 10 to clean the impurities and slag adhered to the track 10. When the scrapers 304 pass through the concave and convex surfaces on the track 10, they can drive the connecting rod 303 to rotate. At this time, the two adjustment plates 305 connected to the top of the connecting rod 303 continuously change and reset their angles through the telescopic characteristics of the spring 306, thereby ensuring that the scrapers 304 are always attached to the outside of the track 10.

[0042] Furthermore, a spray assembly 11 is provided on the surface of the table top 1, and the spray assembly 11 includes a water tank 1101 and a water pump 1102 respectively fixedly installed on the top of the table top 1, the right side of the water pump 1102 is connected to the left side of the water tank 1101 through a No. 1 water pumping pipe, and the left side of the water pump 1102 is fixedly connected to a No. 2 water pumping pipe, and the tops of the two first support plates 301 are fixedly connected with water spraying pipes 1103, and the tops of the two water spraying pipes 1103 are respectively connected to the bottom of the No. 2 water pumping pipe.

[0043] Specifically, during the movement of the platform 1, the water pump 1102 pumps water out of the water tank 1101 through the No. 1 water pumping pipe, and then sends the water to the water spraying pipe 1103 through the No. 2 water pumping pipe. The nozzle connected to the bottom of the water spraying pipe 1103 is used to clean the dust on the track 10 where the first support plate 301 passes.

[0044] Furthermore, the bottoms of the two first support plates 301 are fixedly connected to nozzles, the bottoms of the two water spray pipes 1103 are respectively connected to the two nozzles, a liquid level observation window 12 is provided on the side of the water tank 1101, and a water filling port is opened on the top of the water tank 1101, and a sealing round cover is threadedly connected to the outer side of the water filling port.

[0045] Specifically, at this time, the output of the servo motor 403 drives the cleaning brush 404 to rotate in contact with the outer side of the track 10 to scrape and rinse the adhered dust. The water level changes inside the water tank 1101 are observed through the liquid level observation window 12. When the water level is insufficient, the sealed round cover is opened, and water is added to the water tank 1101 through the water inlet to ensure that there is sufficient water when cleaning the rails.

[0046] Furthermore, a dust removal assembly 13 is provided on the top of the table 1, and the dust removal assembly 13 includes a dust removal box 1301 fixedly installed on the top of the table 1, a negative pressure fan 1302 is fixedly installed on the top of the dust removal box 1301, and the front and rear sides of the dust removal box 1301 are connected with dust suction pipes 1303, and the two dust suction pipes 1303 extend to the bottom of the table 1, and the inner right wall of the dust removal box 1301 is slidably connected with a filter screen plate 1304, and the filter screen plate 1304 is fixedly connected with a pull block on the side facing away from the dust removal box 1301.

[0047] Specifically, the negative pressure fan 1302 is connected to the dust removal box 1301 through the air duct at the bottom, forming a negative pressure area inside the dust removal box 1301, and the dust on the track 10 is sucked through the dust suction pipe 1303, and then the dust is sucked into the dust removal box 1301, and the dust is filtered and collected by using the pullable and sliding filter plate 1304 inside the dust removal box 1301. At the same time, the filter plate 1304 can be regularly taken out and cleaned by a pull block to prevent the filter structure from being blocked.

[0048] A railway rail intelligent maintenance system, comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a maintenance control module and a power master control module;

[0049] The data acquisition module includes a CCD camera 14 fixedly mounted on the top rear side of each first support plate 301, the CCD camera 14 includes a lens housing 1401 facing the ground, an image sensor 1402 is arranged inside the lens housing 1401, the image sensor 1402 is signal-connected to an image signal processor 1403, the image signal processor 1403 is electrically connected to an analog-to-digital converter 1404 through a signal processing circuit, the analog-to-digital converter 1404 is electrically connected to a digital signal processor 1405, the data acquisition module also includes a data storage unit and an imaging unit, the digital signal processor 1405 encodes and compresses the image signal for uploading to the data storage unit, the imaging unit is signal-connected to the data storage unit for decoding and decompression of the acquired image data;

[0050] The data analysis module includes an image preprocessing unit connected to the imaging unit data, the image preprocessing unit includes image enhancement processing and image filtering and denoising processing, the image enhancement processing suppresses or enhances image pixels according to the acquired rail image to uniform the image grayscale, the image filtering and denoising processing eliminates image noise points according to the median filtering algorithm, the data analysis module also includes a point cloud feature extraction unit, the point cloud feature extraction unit is used to extract 3D point cloud contour data of the rail cross section, and model the rail structure according to the acquired 3D point cloud contour data. The data analysis module also includes a model training unit, the model training unit constructs a convolutional neural network model including an input layer, a convolution layer, a pooling layer, a fully connected layer and an output layer, the input layer inputs the preprocessed rail image, the output obtains a defect judgment category, and the defect identification is performed on the modeled rail point cloud model.

[0051] Specifically, the data acquisition module is composed of a CCD camera 14, a data storage unit and an imaging unit. The rail image is collected through the optical lens structure of the CCD camera 14 and the image sensor 1402. The image sensor 1402 is a CCD sensor component structure. The image signal processor 1403 converts the detected light signal into an electrical signal. The image signal processor 1403 transmits the photoelectric signal to the analog-to-digital converter 1404.

[0052] The analog-to-digital converter 1404 converts the photoelectric signal into a digital signal. The formed digital signal consists of a series of pixels and contains specific information of the image. Then the digital signal processor 1405 encodes and compresses the converted digital signal through JPEG technology, thereby reducing the amount of data and improving the transmission efficiency. The image data formed after the digital signal is encoded and compressed can be stored in the data storage unit;

[0053] The display module of the imaging unit retrieves the coded compressed image data, decodes and restores the data, and obtains an observable rail image.

[0054] The image preprocessing unit connects the imaging unit through data, retrieves the rail image, performs image enhancement and filtering denoising operations on the acquired image, and can even out the image grayscale by suppressing or enhancing the image pixels, and then eliminates the image noise points through the median filtering algorithm. After the preprocessing is completed, the 3D point cloud contour data of the rail cross section in the image is extracted, and the rail structure is modeled according to the acquired 3D point cloud contour data, and the point cloud model of the rail image is drawn. Then, a convolutional neural network model is constructed, and the rail image is input into the model for defect category judgment, so as to identify the defects of the point cloud model of the rail image, so as to facilitate the detection and identification of damaged parts such as dirt, concave-convex deformation, cracks and wear of the rail structure in the rail image.

[0055] Furthermore, the maintenance control module includes a cylinder seat 15 fixedly installed on the top of each first support plate 301, the cylinder seat 15 is movably connected with a piston push rod on the side facing the adjustment plate 305, and the piston push rod is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 16 on the side facing the adjustment plate 305. The pressure sensors 16 are fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment plate 305 through a pressure sensitive sheet. The cylinder seat 15 is externally connected to the PLC control subsystem through a pneumatic solenoid valve, and a piezoelectric detection element is arranged inside the pressure sensor 16 to convert the detected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PLC control subsystem.

[0056] Specifically, the cylinder seat 15 is connected to the piston push rod, and the piston push rod is connected to the outside of the adjustment plate 305 through the pressure sensitive sheet of the pressure sensor 16. When the cylinder seat 15 drives the piston push rod, the pressure sensor 16 drives the adjustment plate 305 to swing at an angle, and the spring 306 is extended and retracted to drive the connecting rod 303 to rotate. The rotating connecting rod 303 can adjust the degree of fit between the scraper 304 and the outer side of the track 10, so as to scrape off the impurities adhering to the rail.

[0057] At this time, for the dirty part of the rail on the image, the pressure sensor 16 detects the loading force of the cylinder seat 15, and transmits the loading force data to the PLC control subsystem, so that the PLC control subsystem controls the pneumatic solenoid valve to adjust the air intake of the cylinder seat 15, thereby changing the output thrust of the cylinder seat 15, so as to change the angle of the adjustment plate 305, so that the scraper 304 fits the outer side of the track 10 for cleaning;

[0058] At the same time, the PLC control subsystem controls the water pump 1102 and the negative pressure fan 1302 through the control circuit to facilitate the cleaning of the rails.

[0059] Furthermore, the maintenance control module also includes a motor controller 17 fixedly installed on the top of each second support plate 401, the output end of the servo motor 403 is fixedly connected to a rotary encoder 18, the bottom of the rotary encoder 18 is coaxially fixed with the top of the cleaning brush 404 through a coupling, the motor controller 17 is electrically connected to the rotary encoder 18, the PLC control subsystem is provided with a single-chip microcomputer module, the single-chip microcomputer module is electrically connected to the motor controller 17, the power master control module includes an ECU control unit and a hub motor 19, the number of the hub motors 19 is four, and they are movably installed at the four corners of the bottom of the platform 1.

[0060] Specifically, at this time, for the dirty part of the rail in the image, the single-chip computer module of the PLC control subsystem transmits instructions to the motor controller 17, and the motor controller 17 outputs a pulse signal to the rotary encoder 18, and the rotary encoder 18 controls the output speed of the servo motor 403, and drives the cleaning brush 404 to rotate at a high speed by using the coupling to clean the dust on the track 10;

[0061] The ECU control unit is a vehicle control module that can control the wheel hub motor 19 to perform acceleration, deceleration, and switch start and stop operations. The wheel hub motor 19 is a self-driving technology that combines a drive motor and a wheel.

[0062] In summary, the rail cleaning device and intelligent maintenance system based on magnetic adsorption collects and uploads rail image data for processing through the image sensor 1402, image signal processor 1403 and digital signal processor 1405 of the CCD camera 14, and constructs a rail point cloud model and a convolutional neural network model after preprocessing the image data by enhancement and filtering denoising. The defect category is quickly determined by training the convolutional neural network model, and the defect is marked on the point cloud model to quickly locate the defective part of the rail. By determining the defect category of the rail, when abnormal conditions such as deformation or cracks are found in the rail, the location is quickly marked for subsequent maintenance and replacement; when dirty parts are found in the rail, the dust is first sucked into the dust removal box 1301 through the vacuum pipe 1303 by the negative pressure fan 1302, and then filtered out using the filter. The plate 1304 filters and collects, and then controls the air intake of the cylinder seat 15, adjusts the loading force of the piston push rod and the pressure sensor 16 on the adjusting plate 305, and drives the scraper 304 to swing through the connecting rod 303 under the expansion and contraction of the spring 306, so that the scraper 304 fits tightly against the outside of the track 10 to clean the dirty parts, and at the same time cooperates with the magnetic attraction strip 7 of the U-shaped plate 6 to absorb metal waste and separate dust, and then for stubborn stains that are difficult to clean, control and increase the output speed of the servo motor 403, use the cleaning brush 404 to fit the outside of the track 10 and rotate to scrape and clean the dirt and dust, cooperate with the water pump 1102 to pump the water in the water tank 1101 into the water spray pipe 1103, and use the nozzle at the bottom of the water spray pipe 1103 to spray and rinse the track 10, so as to adjust the corresponding cleaning intensity and cleaning method according to different parts of the rail.

[0063] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption, comprising a platform (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the table top (1) is fixedly connected to a supporting leg (2), the bottom of the supporting leg (2) is provided with a first cleaning mechanism (3) and a second cleaning mechanism (4), and the top of the table top (1) is fixedly connected to a push handle (5); The first cleaning mechanism (3) comprises a first support plate (301) fixedly connected to the bottom of the support leg (2) close to the left side of the table plate (1); the bottom of the first support plate (301) is fixedly connected to a first side plate (302); the left side of the bottom of the first support plate (301) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (303); the outside of the connecting rod (303) is fixedly connected to a scraper (304); the top of the connecting rod (303) is fixedly connected to an adjustment plate (305); the inner side of the adjustment plate (305) is fixedly connected to a spring (306); The second cleaning mechanism (4) comprises a second support plate (401) fixedly connected to the bottom of the support leg (2) close to the right side of the table top (1), the bottom of the second support plate (401) is fixedly connected to a second side plate (402), the top of the second support plate (401) is fixedly mounted with a servo motor (403), and the bottom of the second support plate (401) is rotatably connected to a cleaning brush (404).

2. The rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the supporting legs (2) is four and they are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the platform (1); the number of the first supporting plates (301) and the number of the second supporting plates (401) are both two; the left sides of the two first supporting plates (301) and the two second supporting plates (401) are fixedly connected with a U-shaped plate (6); and the inner side of each of the U-shaped plates (6) is embedded and fixed with three magnetic strips (7).

3. The rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The number of the first side plates (302) and the number of the second side plates (402) are both four; a first roller (8) is movably mounted on the top of each first support plate (301) and inside each first side plate (302); the first roller (8) is in rolling contact with a track (10); the four U-shaped plates (6) are all wrapped around the outside of the track (10); a second roller (9) is movably mounted on the top of the second support plate (401) and inside the two second side plates (402); the second roller (9) is in rolling contact with the track (10); and the scraper (304) is attached to the outside of the track (10).

4. The rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A spray assembly (11) is provided on the surface of the table top (1), and the spray assembly (111) comprises a water tank (1101) and a water pump (1102) respectively fixedly mounted on the top of the table top (1); the right side of the water pump (1102) is connected to the left side of the water tank (1101) via a No. 1 water pumping pipe, and the left side of the water pump (1102) is fixedly connected to a No. 2 water pumping pipe; the tops of the two first support plates (301) are fixedly connected to a water spraying pipe (1103), and the tops of the two water spraying pipes (1103) are respectively connected to the bottom of the No. 2 water pumping pipe.

5. The rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The bottoms of the two first support plates (301) are fixedly connected to nozzles, the bottoms of the two water spray pipes (1103) are respectively connected to the two nozzles, a liquid level observation window (12) is provided on the side of the water tank (1101), and a water inlet is provided on the top of the water tank (1101), and a sealing round cover is threadedly connected to the outer side of the water inlet.

6. The rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust removal assembly (13) is provided on the top of the table (1), and the dust removal assembly (13) includes a dust removal box (1301) fixedly installed on the top of the table (1), and a negative pressure fan (1302) is fixedly installed on the top of the dust removal box (1301), and the front and rear sides of the dust removal box (1301) are both connected with dust suction pipes (1303), and the two dust suction pipes (1303) extend to the bottom of the table (1), and the inner right wall of the dust removal box (1301) is slidably connected with a filter screen (1304), and the filter screen (1304) is fixedly connected with a pull block on the side facing away from the dust removal box (1301).

7. A railway rail intelligent maintenance system, characterized in that: The device comprises the rail cleaning device based on magnetic adsorption as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and further comprises a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a maintenance control module and a power master control module; The data acquisition module comprises a CCD camera (14) fixedly mounted on the top rear side of each first support plate (301), the CCD camera (14) comprising a lens housing (1401) facing the ground, an image sensor (1402) being arranged inside the lens housing (1401), the image sensor (1402) being signal-connected to an image signal processor (1403), the image signal processor (1403) being electrically connected to an analog-to-digital converter (1404) via a signal processing circuit, the analog-to-digital converter (1404) being electrically connected to a digital signal processor (1405), the data acquisition module further comprising a data storage unit and an imaging unit, the digital signal processor (1405) encoding and compressing the image signal for uploading to the data storage unit, the imaging unit being signal-connected to the data storage unit for decoding and decompressing the acquired image data; The data analysis module includes an image preprocessing unit connected to the imaging unit data, the image preprocessing unit includes image enhancement processing and image filtering and denoising processing, the image enhancement processing suppresses or enhances image pixels according to the acquired rail image to uniform the image grayscale, the image filtering and denoising processing eliminates image noise points according to the median filtering algorithm, the data analysis module also includes a point cloud feature extraction unit, the point cloud feature extraction unit is used to extract 3D point cloud contour data of the rail cross section, and model the rail structure according to the acquired 3D point cloud contour data, the data analysis module also includes a model training unit, the model training unit constructs a convolutional neural network model including an input layer, a convolution layer, a pooling layer, a fully connected layer and an output layer, the preprocessed rail image is input to the input layer, the defect judgment category is output, and the defect identification is performed on the modeled rail point cloud model.

8. The railway rail intelligent maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The maintenance control module comprises a cylinder seat (15) fixedly mounted on the top of each first support plate (301); the cylinder seat (15) is movably connected to a piston push rod on a side facing the adjustment plate (305); the piston push rod is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (16) on a side facing the adjustment plate (305); the pressure sensor (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjustment plate (305) via a pressure sensitive sheet; the cylinder seat (15) is externally connected to a PLC control subsystem via a pneumatic solenoid valve; a piezoelectric detection element is arranged inside the pressure sensor (16) for converting a detected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmitting the signal to the PLC control subsystem.

9. The railway rail intelligent maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The maintenance control module also includes a motor controller (17) fixedly mounted on the top of each second support plate (401); the output end of the servo motor (403) is fixedly connected to a rotary encoder (18); the bottom of the rotary encoder (18) is coaxially fixed to the top of the cleaning brush (404) through a coupling; the motor controller (17) is electrically connected to the rotary encoder (18); the PLC control subsystem is provided with a single-chip microcomputer module; the single-chip microcomputer module is electrically connected to the motor controller (17); the power master control module includes an ECU control unit and a wheel hub motor (19); the number of the wheel hub motors (19) is four and they are movably mounted at the four corners of the bottom of the platform (1).

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