Vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical-axis wind driven generator which comprises a tower drum frame, a generator and a wind wheel assembly. The generator is arranged in the tower drum frame; the wind wheel assembly comprises straight blades, supporting pieces, a hub and a transmission shaft, the straight blades are arranged in the vertical direction and arranged in the circumferential direction of the tower drum, the straight blades are connected with the hub through the supporting pieces, the hub is connected with the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of the generator through a coupler. The vertical-axis wind turbine has the advantages of being capable of receiving wind in multiple directions, light in weight and low in gravity center, the requirement for the rigidity of the tower is lowered, and meanwhile the stability of the whole system is guaranteed. And compared with a horizontal shaft structure, the design is simpler, manufacturing and maintenance are easier, and the wind turbine generator set with higher power can be supported and developed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a vertical axis wind power generator. Background Art

[0002] Social and economic development and human activities are inseparable from energy supply. Vigorously developing renewable energy will help promote the green transformation of national energy. Ensuring energy supply is of great significance to people's livelihood. As a renewable energy with huge potential, wind energy has accounted for an increasing proportion in my country's energy structure after decades of technological accumulation and industrial development.

[0003] At present, horizontal-axis wind turbines occupy the mainstream of wind power industry development, but the installed capacity of a single horizontal-axis wind turbine has approached the technical limit. For example, the rotor structure, transmission chain, generator system and control system of the horizontal-axis wind turbine are all concentrated on the top of the tower, and the structure is top-heavy. High strength design requirements are placed on the tower support structure. If larger-power horizontal-axis wind turbines are continued to be developed, the difficulty and cost of manufacturing, installation, operation and maintenance will be greatly increased. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a vertical axis wind turbine generator having lower design requirements for structural strength.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a vertical axis wind turbine generator, including a tower frame, a generator and a wind rotor assembly;

[0006] The generator is arranged in the tower frame;

[0007] The wind wheel assembly includes straight blades, a support, a hub and a transmission shaft. The straight blades are arranged in a vertical direction and multiple blades are arranged around the circumference of the tower. The straight blades are connected to the hub through the support, the hub is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling.

[0008] The straight blades and support parts drive the hub and transmission shaft to rotate, converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The transmission shaft drives the shaft of the generator to rotate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0009] The above-mentioned vertical axis wind turbine has the following beneficial effects: the vertical axis wind rotor structure can receive wind from multiple directions, can output electric energy stably without the need for a yaw mechanism, and can place the transmission chain, generator and control equipment at the bottom of the unit, thereby lowering the center of gravity. Therefore, it has the advantages of receiving wind from multiple directions, light weight and low center of gravity, and reduces the rigidity requirements for the tower, while ensuring the stability of the overall system. Compared with the horizontal axis structure, it is not only simpler in design, but also easier to manufacture and maintain, and can support the development of wind turbines with higher power.

[0010] Furthermore, the support member comprises an upper inclined support and a lower inclined support, which are symmetrically arranged, and one end of each is connected to the hub, and the other ends are inclined upward and downward respectively and connected to the straight blades.

[0011] The inclined layout of the supports shortens the length of the hub and the drive shaft, making the structure lighter, and improves the structural rigidity and load-bearing capacity, reducing the rigidity requirements for the tower.

[0012] Furthermore, a pneumatic braking mechanism is provided on the upper inclined support, including an electric cylinder, a slider, a push rod and a resistance plate. The electric cylinder is fixedly arranged in the upper inclined support, the slider is movably arranged in the upper inclined support and connected to the electric cylinder, the two ends of the push rod are respectively hinged to the slider and the resistance plate, and the resistance plate is rotatably arranged on the upper inclined support.

[0013] When the wind wheel assembly needs to be braked, the slider is pushed to move by the electric cylinder, and the slider drives the resistance plate to rotate relative to the upper inclined support through the push rod. After the resistance plate is opened, it can increase the windward area and aerodynamic thrust, thereby reducing the wind wheel speed and achieving a braking effect.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixed bracket and a guide rail bracket are provided in the upper inclined support, the electric cylinder is arranged on the fixed bracket, the slider is movably arranged on the guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail bracket, and the fixed bracket and the guide rail bracket are connected to the upper inclined support through circular steel sections.

[0015] The electric cylinder pushes the slider to move on the guide rail, which can drive the push rod to rotate, so that the resistance plate can be expanded or retracted relative to the upper inclined support. The circular steel can improve the stability of the brake mechanism on the upper inclined support.

[0016] Furthermore, two resistance plates are symmetrically provided, and two push rods are also symmetrically provided on the sliding block, which are respectively hinged to the sides of the two resistance plates close to each other.

[0017] The two drag plates can increase the frontal area and aerodynamic resistance.

[0018] Furthermore, the resistance plate is provided with an extension mechanism, including a slide bar, a resistance cloth and a rotating wheel, the resistance plate has a cavity inside, and both ends of both sides are inserted with slide bars for sliding connection, and both sides are provided with resistance cloth, one end of the resistance cloth is fixedly connected to the side of the resistance plate, and the other end is fixed to the two slide bars;

[0019] The rotating wheel is rotatably arranged in the cavity, the hinge part of the push rod and the resistance plate is located in the cavity and is connected to the rotating wheel through a pull rope, the rotating wheel is connected to a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the sliding rod, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the sliding rod is provided with a sliding block slidably connected to the spiral groove.

[0020] When the push rod rotates and drives the resistance plate to rotate, the pull rope can be used to drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and the rotating wheel drives the sliding sleeve to rotate. The spiral slide groove can drive the sliding rod to move axially. After the sliding rod moves outward, the resistance cloth is unfolded, which can further increase the windward area and aerodynamic resistance.

[0021] Furthermore, the ends of the two sliding rods are connected by a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the two sliding rods.

[0022] When not in use, the resistance cloth can be wound and stored on the connecting rod. When the sliding rod moves outward, the connecting rod rotates to unfold the resistance cloth.

[0023] Furthermore, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the cavity through a spring hinge.

[0024] The spring hinge can be used for automatic reset of the slide bar after the resistance plate is folded.

[0025] Furthermore, a hydraulic brake is provided inside the tower frame, and a brake disc is provided outside the transmission shaft, and the hydraulic brake can clamp the brake disc.

[0026] By clamping the brake disc with the hydraulic brake, the rotation speed of the wind wheel assembly can be reduced and the wind wheel can be braked.

[0027] Furthermore, a shaft sleeve is fixedly provided on the top of the tower frame, and a thrust bearing, an upper radial slewing support bearing and a lower radial slewing support bearing are respectively provided on the top, middle and bottom of the shaft sleeve. The transmission shaft passes through the shaft sleeve and cooperates with the thrust bearing, the upper radial slewing support bearing and the lower radial slewing support bearing.

[0028] The thrust bearing is used to bear the weight of the wind rotor assembly, and the upper radial slewing bearing and the lower radial slewing bearing are used to bear the aerodynamic thrust generated by the rotation of the wind rotor assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the specific implementation. In all the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0030] Figure 1 A front view of a vertical axis wind turbine provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an aerodynamic brake mechanism of a vertical axis wind turbine is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1A cross-sectional view of a shaft sleeve of a vertical axis wind turbine shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an extension mechanism of a vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 10-tower frame, 11-shaft sleeve, 111-thrust bearing, 112-upper radial slewing support bearing, 113-lower radial slewing support bearing, 12-hydraulic brake, 13-brake disc;

[0036] 20-Generator;

[0037] 30-wind wheel assembly, 31-straight blades, 32-support, 321-upper oblique support, 322-lower oblique support, 33-hub, 34-transmission shaft;

[0038] 40-pneumatic brake mechanism, 41-fixed bracket, 42-guide rail bracket, 421-guide rail, 43-electric cylinder, 431-connecting frame, 44-slider, 45-push rod, 46-resistance plate, 47-round steel;

[0039] 50-extension mechanism, 51-sliding rod, 52-resistance cloth, 53-rotating wheel, 54-pull rope, 55-sliding sleeve, 56, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a tower frame 10, a generator 20 and a wind rotor assembly 30, wherein the generator 20 is driven by the wind rotor assembly 30 to generate electricity.

[0042] Specifically, the tower frame 10 is fixedly connected to the foundation through a bolt connection structure, the upper layer is used to install the wind wheel assembly 30 and the generator 20, etc., and the lower layer is used to place the control cabinet and the battery, etc. The wind wheel assembly 30 is arranged on the top of the tower frame 10, including straight blades 31, a support 32, a hub 33 and a transmission shaft 34. The straight blades 31 are arranged in the vertical direction, and a plurality of them are arranged around the circumference of the tower, and in this embodiment, there are three. The straight blades 31 are connected to the hub 33 through the support 32, and the hub 33 and the transmission shaft 34 are connected by spline fitting and bolt connection. The transmission shaft 34 is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 20 through a coupling.

[0043] Under the action of wind, the straight blades 31 and the support 32 drive the hub 33 and the transmission shaft 34 to rotate, converting wind energy into mechanical energy, and the transmission shaft 34 drives the shaft of the generator 20 to rotate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The vertical axis wind rotor structure has the advantages of multi-directional wind exposure, and various devices can be placed at the bottom, which has the advantages of light weight and low center of gravity, reducing the rigidity requirements of the tower, while ensuring the stability of the overall system.

[0044] Specifically, the support member 32 includes an upper oblique support 321 and a lower oblique support 322, which are symmetrically arranged, and one end of each is connected to the hub 33, and the other ends are inclined upward and downward respectively, connected to the straight blade 31 to form a truss structure, and a skin is laid on the outside for a fairing design to reduce aerodynamic resistance. For the convenience of illustration, Figure 1 The skin of one of the supports is hidden in the figure. The inclined layout structure of the support 32 can shorten the length of the hub and the transmission shaft, make the structure lighter, and also improve the structural rigidity and bearing capacity, reducing the rigidity requirements for the tower.

[0045] Specifically, the upper oblique support 321 is provided with a pneumatic brake mechanism 40, including an electric cylinder 43, a slider 44, a push rod 45 and a resistance plate 46. The upper oblique support 321 is provided with a fixed bracket 41 and a guide rail bracket 42. The electric cylinder 43 is fixedly arranged on the fixed bracket 41, the guide rail 421 is fixedly arranged on the guide rail bracket 42, the slider 44 is movably arranged on the guide rail 421, and the electric cylinder 43 is connected to the slider 44 through a connecting frame 431, and can drive the slider 44 to reciprocate on the guide rail 421. The two ends of the push rod 45 are respectively hinged to the slider 44 and the resistance plate 46, and the resistance plate 46 is rotatably arranged on the upper oblique support 321. In addition, the fixed bracket 41 and the guide rail bracket 42 are connected to the upper oblique support through a circular steel 47, which can improve the overall stability.

[0046] When the wind wheel assembly 30 needs to brake, the electric cylinder 43 pushes the slider 44 to move on the guide rail 421, and the slider 44 drives the resistance plate 46 to rotate relative to the upper inclined support 321 through the push rod 45. After the resistance plate 46 is opened, it can increase the windward area and aerodynamic thrust, thereby reducing the wind wheel rotation speed and achieving a braking effect. In this embodiment, two resistance plates 46 are symmetrically provided, and two push rods 45 are also symmetrically provided on the slider 44, which are respectively hinged to the sides of the two resistance plates 46 that are close to each other. The two resistance plates 46 can increase the windward area and aerodynamic resistance.

[0047] Specifically, a hydraulic brake 12 is also provided inside the tower frame 10, and a brake disc 13 is provided outside the transmission shaft 34. The hydraulic brake 12 can clamp the brake disc 13. By clamping the brake disc 13 by the hydraulic brake 12, the rotation speed of the wind rotor assembly can be reduced and the wind rotor can be braked. When the wind speed exceeds the rated wind speed, the opening angle of the resistance plate can adjust the windward area and aerodynamic resistance, and stabilize the unit rotation speed and output power together with the hydraulic brake system.

[0048] The top of the tower frame 10 is fixed with a shaft sleeve 11 by bolts, and the top, middle and bottom of the shaft sleeve 11 are respectively provided with a thrust bearing 111, an upper radial slewing support bearing 112 and a lower radial slewing support bearing 113. The transmission shaft 34 passes through the shaft sleeve 11 and cooperates with the thrust bearing 111, the upper radial slewing support bearing 112 and the lower radial slewing support bearing 113. The thrust bearing 111 is used to bear the weight of the wind rotor assembly 30, and the upper radial slewing support bearing and the lower radial slewing support bearing 113 are used to bear the aerodynamic thrust generated by the rotation of the wind rotor assembly 30.

[0049] To improve the braking effect, Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 (a schematic diagram of a top view of a resistance plate 46), in another embodiment, an extension mechanism 50 is provided on the resistance plate 46. The extension mechanism 50 includes a slide bar 51, a resistance cloth 52 and a rotating wheel 53. The resistance plate 46 has a cavity inside, and both ends of both sides are inserted with slide bars 51 for sliding connection. Both sides are also provided with resistance cloth 52, one end of the resistance cloth 52 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the resistance plate 46, and the other end is fixed to two slide bars 51. The rotating wheel 53 is rotatably arranged in the cavity, the part of the push rod 45 at the hinged joint with the resistance plate 46 is located in the cavity, and is connected to the rotating wheel 53 through a pull rope 54, and the rotating wheel 53 is connected to a sliding sleeve 55, and one end of the slide bar 51 located in the cavity is slidably inserted in the sliding sleeve 55, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 55 is provided with a spiral slide groove, and a slider 2 slidably connected to the spiral slide groove is provided on the slide bar 51.

[0050] When the push rod 45 rotates to drive the resistance plate 46 to rotate, the hinge can drive the rotating wheel 53 to rotate together through the pull rope 54, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 55 to rotate. With the cooperation of the spiral slide groove and the slide rod 51, the slide rod 51 moves axially outward, thereby unfolding the resistance cloth 52, further increasing the frontal area and aerodynamic resistance.

[0051] The ends of the two slide bars 51 are connected by a connecting rod 56, and the two ends of the connecting rod 56 are rotatably connected to the two slide bars 51. When not in use, the resistance cloth 52 is wound and stored on the connecting rod 56. When the slide bars 51 move outward, the connecting rod 56 rotates to unfold the resistance cloth 52. In addition, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the cavity through a spring hinge, which can be used for automatic reset of the slide bar after the resistance plate is folded.

[0052] The working principle of the vertical axis wind turbine generator is as follows: the straight blades 31 and the support 32 drive the hub 33 and the transmission shaft 34 to rotate, converting wind energy into mechanical energy, and the transmission shaft 34 drives the rotating shaft of the generator 20 to rotate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. When the wind wheel assembly needs to be braked, the electric cylinder 43 pushes the slider 44 to move on the guide rail 421, and the slider 44 drives the resistance plate 46 to rotate relative to the upper inclined support 321 through the push rod 45. After the resistance plate 46 is opened, it can increase the windward area and aerodynamic thrust, thereby reducing the wind wheel speed. At the same time, the hydraulic brake 12 clamps the brake disc 13, and together with the pneumatic brake mechanism 40, it has a braking effect.

[0053] The use of the vertical axis wind turbine has the advantages of multi-directional wind reception, light weight and low center of gravity, which reduces the rigidity requirements for the tower and ensures the stability of the overall system. Compared with the horizontal axis structure, it is not only simpler in design, but also easier to manufacture and maintain, and can support the development of wind turbines with higher power. And through the braking method combining pneumatic braking and hydraulic braking, it has better braking performance to stabilize the unit speed and power output.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: Including tower frame, generator and wind rotor assembly; The generator is arranged in the tower frame; The wind wheel assembly includes straight blades, a support, a hub and a transmission shaft. The straight blades are arranged in a vertical direction and multiple blades are arranged around the circumference of the tower. The straight blades are connected to the hub through the support, the hub is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling.

2. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member comprises an upper inclined support and a lower inclined support, which are symmetrically arranged, and one end of each is connected to the hub, and the other ends are inclined upward and downward respectively and connected to the straight blades.

3. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper inclined support is provided with a pneumatic braking mechanism, including an electric cylinder, a slider, a push rod and a resistance plate. The electric cylinder is fixedly arranged in the upper inclined support, the slider is movably arranged in the upper inclined support and connected to the electric cylinder, the two ends of the push rod are respectively hinged to the slider and the resistance plate, and the resistance plate is rotatably arranged on the upper inclined support.

4. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixed bracket and a guide rail bracket are arranged inside the upper inclined support, the electric cylinder is arranged on the fixed bracket, the slider is movably arranged on the guide rail, the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail bracket, and the fixed bracket and the guide rail bracket are both connected to the upper inclined support through circular steel.

5. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resistance plates are symmetrically provided with two, and the sliding block is also symmetrically provided with two push rods, which are respectively hinged to the sides of the two resistance plates close to each other.

6. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resistance plate is provided with an extension mechanism, including a slide bar, a resistance cloth and a rotating wheel. The resistance plate has a cavity inside, and both ends of both sides are inserted with slide bars for sliding connection, and both sides are provided with resistance cloth. One end of the resistance cloth is fixedly connected to the side of the resistance plate, and the other end is fixed to two slide bars; The rotating wheel is rotatably arranged in the cavity, the hinge part of the push rod and the resistance plate is located in the cavity and is connected to the rotating wheel through a pull rope, the rotating wheel is connected to a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the sliding rod, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the sliding rod is provided with a sliding block slidably connected to the spiral groove.

7. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ends of the two sliding rods are connected by a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the two sliding rods.

8. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the cavity through a spring hinge.

9. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic brake is also provided inside the tower frame, and a brake disc is provided outside the transmission shaft, and the hydraulic brake can clamp the brake disc.

10. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve is fixedly provided on the top of the tower frame, and a thrust bearing, an upper radial slewing support bearing and a lower radial slewing support bearing are respectively provided on the top, middle and bottom of the shaft sleeve. The transmission shaft passes through the shaft sleeve and cooperates with the thrust bearing, the upper radial slewing support bearing and the lower radial slewing support bearing.

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