Tunnel leakage water seepage tracing device and using method thereof

Abstract

A tunnel leakage water seepage tracing device disclosed by the present invention comprises a model box, a seepage tracing device, a water level control system and a leakage water collection system, the front side of the model box is provided with a round hole, the round hole is used for placing a tunnel model, the seepage tracing device is arranged at the upper part of the model box, and the seepage tracing device comprises an infusion bag containing pigment. A dripping speed control valve is arranged on the lower portion of the infusion bag, the water level control system is connected to the upper portion and the side face of the model box, and the leakage water collecting system is used for collecting leakage water seeping from the placed tunnel model and recording the flow of the leakage water. The device not only can trace streamlines around a crack, but also can convert position information and time information of tracer particles into velocity vector information of flow of a flow field through planar particle imaging velocity measurement, and further analyzes flow characteristics of the flow field; the influence of different leakage point positions on water leakage can be summarized; the seepage path is tracked through the critical crack width, and the range of the crack is determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underground engineering research, and in particular to a tunnel seepage water seepage tracing device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the complex and changeable environment of underground projects, it is difficult to ensure the construction conditions and quality of waterproof projects. Water leakage has become one of the most common structural diseases in tunnel projects. Water leakage will endanger the safety, stability, durability of buildings (structures) and affect their normal use functions. In severe cases, it may cause major casualties and property losses. Due to the combined effects of excavation disturbance, improper construction, temperature changes, groundwater and other factors, tunnels often suffer from various diseases such as water leakage, cracks, and exposed steel bars during construction and operation. Among them, water leakage has become one of the most common structural diseases in tunnel projects. Water leakage will endanger the safety, stability, durability of buildings (structures) and affect their normal use functions. In severe cases, it may cause major casualties and property losses. In response to the problem of water leakage, engineers have proposed a series of preventive measures during the construction process. However, tunnels have been affected by groundwater during operation after they were built. When the groundwater pressure is high and the quality of the waterproof project is poor, groundwater will infiltrate or flow into the tunnel through certain channels, causing water leakage, posing a threat to driving safety and the stability of the grouting ring structure.

[0003] At present, the theoretical method used by scholars to study local seepage of tunnel water is generally simplified to the plane strain problem of homogeneous isotropic soil. When the tunnel lining is assumed to be completely seepage or partially seepage, the leakage and pore pressure distribution of the tunnel on the masonry are evaluated. Some researchers further considered the influence of the tunnel on the conductivity of the masonry, the lining and the properties of the soil, and studied the stress field and displacement field of the surrounding rock. Although the theoretical method has made great progress, it is still difficult to quantitatively analyze the water and sand loss caused by actual tunnel leakage due to the oversimplification of soil and leakage conditions and the overly complicated calculation process. Numerical simulation is another method to study tunnel seepage. However, the finite element method also has inherent defects in simulating the motion law of discrete media at a fine scale, and it is difficult to truly simulate the migration law of particles during seepage erosion. Existing methods have been very helpful in understanding the local water leakage problem in tunnels in terms of model tests and numerical simulations, but there are still some aspects that deserve further study. In terms of model tests, most scholars focus on analyzing the influence of the shape and size of the leakage joints, assuming that the leakage joints are located in the arch of the tunnel structure. However, tunnel leakage can occur at any position of the lining, and there are few simulation tests on the influence of different positions on leakage. In particular, there are few empirical studies on the seepage path tracking model based on the critical crack width. The number of tests required to fully understand all the factors affecting tunnel leakage is too large. Therefore, only some preliminary tests have been carried out so far, and more research will be carried out in the future, such as studying how to overcome the deficiency of the existing test model that cannot track the streamlines around the cracks.

[0004] Based on the above situation, the present invention proposes a tunnel seepage tracing device and a method of using the same to effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a tunnel seepage water seepage tracing device and a use method thereof.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A tunnel seepage water seepage tracing device comprises a model box, a seepage tracing device, a water level control system and a seepage water collection system. A circular hole is provided on the front side of the model box, in which a tunnel model is placed. The seepage tracing device is arranged on the upper part of the model box. The seepage tracing device comprises an infusion bag containing a pigment, a drip rate control valve is arranged at the lower part of the infusion bag. The water level control system is connected to the upper part and the side of the model box. The seepage water collection system is used to collect the seepage water seeping from the placed tunnel model and record the flow rate of the seepage water.

[0007] Furthermore, the side of the model box is made of tempered glass, and the bottom surfaces of the tempered glass on both sides are provided with metal parts, and the metal parts are connected to the bottom surface of the tempered glass in an openable and closable manner through adjusting bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance between the central axis of the tunnel model and the two side boundaries of the model box is greater than 6 times the diameter of the tunnel model, and the center is 3 times the diameter of the tunnel model from the bottom of the model box.

[0009] Furthermore, the tunnel model extends 45 mm to 55 mm outside the model box.

[0010] Furthermore, the water level control system includes a water inlet, a water inlet instrument panel, a water inlet water stop valve and a water outlet water stop valve. The water inlet is connected to the model box through a water pipe. The water pipe is provided with a water inlet instrument panel and a water inlet water stop valve. The side of the model box is provided with a water outlet water stop valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the leakage water collection system includes a leakage water collection box, an electronic scale and a data acquisition system. The leakage water collection box is connected to the tunnel model and is used to collect leakage water from the tunnel model. An electronic scale is provided under the leakage water collection box, and the electronic scale is connected to the data acquisition system.

[0012] Furthermore, the data acquisition system includes a data collector and a COMS high-definition camera, and the data collector is used to collect water leakage data and electronic scale data captured in real time by the COMS high-definition camera.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber gasket, an acrylic plate, a flange ring and an LED light source are arranged on the front side of the model box in sequence from the inside out.

[0014] Furthermore, a method for using a tunnel seepage tracing device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Seal the circular hole of the model box reserved for the tunnel model, and put quartz sand in the model box to simulate soil; Step 2: Control the distance between metal parts and adjust the width of the crack by adjusting the tightness of the bolts; Step 3: Conduct a preliminary experiment; Step 4: After the preliminary experiment is completed, the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and ED light source on the front side of the model box are disassembled, the sealing strip on the reserved hole position is taken out, the tunnel model with cracks is placed into the model box, and the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and LED light source are reinstalled in sequence on the front side of the model box; Step 5: Place a catheter in the tunnel model, guide the seepage water into the seepage water collection box, pour the pigment into the pigment infusion bag, and enter the quartz sand layer by dripping, determine the critical width of the crack, control the crack of the tunnel model within the critical width, and conduct a formal model test; Step 6. During the test, adjust the valve to control the dripping speed of the printer pigment so that the pigment moves with the fluid after dripping. Open the valves one by one, adjust the valves from left to right, dye the five seepage lines, and before opening the first valve, use a CMOS high-definition camera with PIV technology to take pictures and generate dynamic analysis images.

[0015] The present invention provides a tunnel seepage water seepage tracing device and a method for using the same: the device can not only trace streamlines around cracks, but also convert the position information and time information of the tracer particles into velocity vector information of the flow field through plane particle imaging velocity measurement, thereby analyzing the flow characteristics of the flow field; model tests can also be carried out for different leakage point locations, for example, the influence of different factors such as the height of overlying water and soil, the leakage position, etc. on the seepage field distribution is studied, thereby summarizing the influence of different leakage point locations on the leakage water; the seepage tracing device can be used to visualize the seepage field of tunnel seepage water, and the changes in streamlines can be observed more intuitively; the seepage path is tracked through the critical crack width to determine the range of the crack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the test device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of the test device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the model box decomposition of the present invention; The serial numbers marked in the figure are as follows: 1-water inlet, 2-water inlet instrument panel, 3-water inlet stop valve, 4-water outlet stop valve, 5-adjusting bolt, 6-infusion bag, 7-drip rate control valve, 8-tunnel model, 9-metal parts, 10-electronic scale, 11-leakage water collection box, 12-data collector, 13-COMS high-definition camera, 14-rubber gasket, 15-acrylic plate, 16-flange ring, 17-LED light source, 18-model box, 19-fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] See attached Figure 1-3 A tunnel seepage tracing device comprises a model box 18, a seepage tracing device, a water level control system and a seepage water collection system. A circular hole is provided on the front side of the model box 18, and a tunnel model 8 is placed in the circular hole. The seepage tracing device is arranged on the upper part of the model box 18. The seepage tracing device comprises a pigment-containing infusion bag 6, and a drip rate control valve 7 is arranged at the lower part of the pigment-containing infusion bag 6. The water level control system is connected to the top and side of the model box 18. The seepage water collection system is used to collect the seepage water seeping out of the placed tunnel model 8 and record the flow rate of the seepage water.

[0019] The side of the model box 18 is tempered glass, so as to observe the seepage tracing path. The bottom of the tempered glass on both sides is provided with metal parts 8, and the metal parts 8 are connected to the bottom of the tempered glass by adjusting bolts 5 to open and close and move, so that the width of the leakage seam can take different values, and the leakage of water and sand can be observed to determine the critical width of the crack. When the critical width of the crack is determined, the crack of the tunnel model 8 is controlled within the critical width.

[0020] The distance between the central axis of the tunnel model 8 and the two side boundaries of the model box 18 is greater than 6 times the diameter of the tunnel model 8 , and the center is 3 times the diameter of the tunnel model 8 from the bottom of the model box 18 .

[0021] The tunnel model 8 extends 45 mm to 55 mm outside the model box 18, preferably, 50 mm is the best.

[0022] The water level control system includes a water inlet 1, a water inlet instrument panel 2, a water inlet water stop valve 3 and a water outlet water stop valve 4. The water inlet 1 is connected to the model box 18 through a water pipe. The water inlet instrument panel 2 and the water inlet water stop valve 3 are provided on the water pipe. The water outlet water stop valve 4 is provided on the side of the model box 18. The water level control system is used to keep the water head at the top of the soil sample constant to simulate the assumption of far-field replenishment of groundwater. The water inlet water stop valve 3 and the water outlet water stop valve 4 are used to keep the water head at the top of the soil sample constant to simulate the assumption of far-field replenishment of groundwater.

[0023] The leakage water collection system includes a leakage water collection box 11, an electronic scale and a data acquisition system. The leakage water collection box 11 is connected to the tunnel model 8 and is used to collect leakage water from the tunnel model 8. An electronic scale 10 is provided below the leakage water collection box 11, and the electronic scale 10 is connected to the data acquisition system.

[0024] The data acquisition system includes a data collector 12 and a COMS high-definition camera 13. The data collector 12 is used to collect the water leakage data taken in real time by the COMS high-definition camera 13 and the data of the electronic scale 10. The data acquisition system is used to draw a curve of the water leakage quality changing with time.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the front side of the model box 18 is provided with a rubber gasket 14, an acrylic plate 15, a flange ring 16 and an LED light source 17 in sequence from the inside outward.

[0026] The upper part of the model box 18, which is assembled from tempered glass and metal parts connecting the tempered glass, is fixed by fixing bolts 19, and is provided with a water inlet 1 and a water inlet stop valve 3. Parameters such as pressure can be read from the water inlet instrument panel 2. The lower part is connected by two metal parts 9. The distance between the metal parts 9 is controlled by adjusting the tightness of the bolts 5 to indicate the width of the crack. Several different infusion bags 6 are hung at equal distances on the top of the model box, and the dripping speed is controlled by a dripping speed control valve 7.

[0027] A method for using a tunnel seepage water tracing device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Seal the circular hole of the model box reserved for the tunnel model. The same material can be used for sealing. Place quartz sand in the model box to simulate soil. Step 2: Control the distance between metal parts and adjust the width of the crack by adjusting the tightness of the bolts; Step 3: Conduct a preliminary experiment; Step 4: After the preliminary experiment is completed, the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and ED light source on the front side of the model box are disassembled, the sealing strip on the reserved hole position is taken out, the tunnel model with cracks is placed into the model box, and the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and LED light source are reinstalled in sequence on the front side of the model box; Step 5: Place a catheter in the tunnel model, guide the seepage water into the seepage water collection box, pour the pigment into the pigment infusion bag, and enter the quartz sand layer by dripping, determine the critical width of the crack, control the crack of the tunnel model within the critical width, and conduct a formal model test; Step 6. During the test, adjust the valve to control the dripping speed of the printer pigment so that the pigment moves with the fluid after dripping. Open the valves one by one, adjust the valves from left to right, dye the five seepage lines, and before opening the first valve, use a CMOS high-definition camera with PIV technology to take pictures and generate dynamic analysis images.

[0028] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel seepage tracing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a model box, a seepage tracer device, a water level control system and a seepage water collection system. A circular hole is provided on the front side of the model box, in which a tunnel model is placed. The seepage tracer device is arranged on the upper part of the model box. The seepage tracer device comprises an infusion bag containing a pigment, and a dripping rate control valve is arranged on the lower part of the infusion bag. The water level control system is connected to the upper part and the side of the model box. The seepage water collection system is used to collect the seepage water seeping out of the placed tunnel model and record the flow rate of the seepage water.

2. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the model box is tempered glass, and the bottom surfaces of the tempered glass on both sides are provided with metal parts, and the metal parts are connected to the bottom surface of the tempered glass in an openable and movably manner through adjusting bolts.

3. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the central axis of the tunnel model and the boundaries of both sides of the model box is greater than 6 times the diameter of the tunnel model, and the center is 3 times the diameter of the tunnel model from the bottom of the model box.

4. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel model extends 45 mm to 55 mm outside the model box.

5. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level control system includes a water inlet, a water inlet instrument panel, a water inlet water stop valve and a water outlet water stop valve. The water inlet is connected to the model box through a water pipe. The water pipe is provided with a water inlet instrument panel and a water inlet water stop valve. The side of the model box is provided with a water outlet water stop valve.

6. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage water collection system includes a leakage water collection box, an electronic scale and a data acquisition system. The leakage water collection box is connected to the tunnel model and is used to collect the leakage water of the tunnel model. An electronic scale is arranged under the leakage water collection box, and the electronic scale is connected to the data acquisition system.

7. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a data collector and a COMS high-definition camera. The data collector is used to collect water leakage data and electronic scale data captured in real time by the COMS high-definition camera.

8. A tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the model box is provided with a rubber gasket, an acrylic plate, a flange ring and an LED light source in sequence from the inside outward.

9. A method for using the tunnel seepage tracing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Seal the circular hole of the model box reserved for the tunnel model, and put quartz sand in the model box to simulate soil; Step 2: Control the distance between metal parts and adjust the width of the crack by adjusting the tightness of the bolts; Step 3: Conduct a preliminary experiment; Step 4: After the preliminary experiment is completed, the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and ED light source on the front side of the model box are disassembled, the sealing strip on the reserved hole position is taken out, the tunnel model with cracks is placed into the model box, and the rubber gasket, acrylic plate, flange ring and LED light source are reinstalled in sequence on the front side of the model box; Step 5: Place a catheter in the tunnel model, guide the seepage water into the seepage water collection box, pour the pigment into the pigment infusion bag, and enter the quartz sand layer by dripping, determine the critical width of the crack, control the crack of the tunnel model within the critical width, and conduct a formal model test; Step 6. During the test, adjust the valve to control the dripping speed of the printer pigment so that the pigment moves with the fluid after dripping. Open the valves one by one, adjust the valves from left to right, dye the five seepage lines, and before opening the first valve, use a CMOS high-definition camera with PIV technology to take pictures and generate dynamic analysis images.

Images