Display module and driving method thereof, display device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a display module, a driving method of the display module, a display device and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of display, and realizes view angle switching between a sharing mode and a peep-proof mode. The display module comprises a backlight component, a display component and a visual angle dimming component, the display component and the visual angle dimming component are located on the side, facing the light emitting direction, of the backlight component, the backlight component comprises a first light guide structure and a light regulation and control structure, and the light regulation and control structure is located on the side, facing the display component, of a first light guide plate; the visual angle dimming component comprises a first electrode, a first liquid crystal located on the side, back to the backlight component, of the first electrode, and a second electrode located on the side, back to the backlight component, of the first liquid crystal, and the visual angle dimming component and the light regulation and control structure have consistency in light regulation and control directions; the display module has a sharing mode and a peep-proof mode: in the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered up, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide-viewing-angle filtering state; in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow-viewing-angle filtering state.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on September 30, 2021, with application number 202111157466.9 and application name "Display module and its driving method, display device, and vehicle". [Technical field]

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a driving method thereof, a display device, and a vehicle. [Background technology]

[0003] With the continuous development of display technology, the viewing angle range of display panels has been expanded to more than 160°. However, while people enjoy the visual experience brought by the wide viewing angle, it is also easy to cause personal privacy leakage. For example, when users use display devices to access bank accounts, pay bills or enter personal information in public places, they may be at risk of identity theft and privacy infringement. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module and a driving method thereof, a display device, and a vehicle, which can realize the switching of viewing angles between a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, comprising a backlight component, a display component and a viewing angle dimming component, wherein the display component and the viewing angle dimming component are respectively located on one side of the backlight component facing the light emitting direction of the display module, wherein:

[0006] The backlight component includes a first light guide structure and a light regulation structure. The first light guide structure includes a first light source and a first light guide plate. The light regulation structure is located on a side of the first light guide plate facing the display component and is used to regulate the transmission direction of light emitted from the first light guide plate.

[0007] The viewing angle dimming component includes a first electrode, a first liquid crystal located on a side of the first electrode facing away from the backlight component, and a second electrode located on a side of the first liquid crystal facing away from the backlight component, and the viewing angle dimming component and the light regulating structure have consistent light regulating directions;

[0008] The display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode;

[0009] In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state;

[0010] In the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for driving a display module, which is used to drive the display module of the first aspect, wherein the display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode, and the driving method includes:

[0012] In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state;

[0013] In the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, including a liquid crystal display component and a viewing angle dimming component, wherein the viewing angle dimming component is located on the side of the liquid crystal display component facing the light emitting direction of the display module, wherein:

[0015] The viewing angle dimming component includes a first electrode, a first liquid crystal located on a side of the first electrode facing away from the liquid crystal display component, and a second electrode located on a side of the first liquid crystal facing away from the display component;

[0016] The display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode;

[0017] In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state;

[0018] In the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, wherein V=5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for driving a display module, which is used to drive a display module such as the third aspect, wherein the display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode, and the driving method includes:

[0020] In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state;

[0021] In the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, wherein V=5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, comprising the display module of the first aspect, or the display module of the third aspect.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a means of transportation, comprising a display device as in the fifth aspect.

[0024] One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing a light regulating structure in the backlight component and providing a viewing angle dimming component on one side of the display component, the light regulating structure can be used to first regulate the transmission direction of the light emitted from the first light guide plate, so that the light is transmitted in a specific direction. After the light enters the viewing angle dimming component via the display component, the light is then secondary regulated based on the liquid crystal birefringence principle of the viewing angle dimming component, thereby more effectively controlling the light output angle, and realizing the viewing angle switching between the sharing mode and the anti-peeping mode: when the user is in a private personal occasion or in a public place but does not need to access a bank account, pay a bill, or enter personal information, there is no need for anti-peeping. At this time, the display module can be controlled to be in the sharing mode, so that the user can enjoy a wide viewing angle viewing experience. When the user is in a public place and needs to access a bank account, pay a bill, and enter personal information, the display module can be controlled to be in the anti-peeping mode, realizing an invisible anti-peeping effect when observed at an oblique angle, effectively protecting the user's privacy from being leaked.

[0026] Therefore, by adopting the display module provided in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the cooperation between the light regulation structure and the viewing angle dimming component, viewing angle switching in different modes is achieved, thereby optimizing the user experience.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in an anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of the light regulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the L1-L2 direction;

[0032] Figure 5 Another top view of the light control structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along the K1-K2 direction;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of brightness at different viewing angles in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of brightness at different viewing angles in the anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the decomposition of the viewing angle direction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of light transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the display component provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the absorption axis of the polarizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.18 Another schematic diagram of the absorption axis of the polarizer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of light transmission in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of light transmission in an anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.23 Another schematic diagram of light transmission in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.24 Another schematic diagram of light transmission in the anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.25 A top view of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.26 Another structural schematic diagram of the viewing angle dimming component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 27 for Fig.26 a top view of the corresponding first electrode and the second electrode;

[0055] Fig.28 A schematic diagram of another structure of the viewing angle dimming component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.29 for Fig.28 a top view of the corresponding first electrode and the second electrode;

[0057] Fig.30 for Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the first liquid crystal rotation when the corresponding first electrode and second electrode are powered;

[0058] Fig.31 A schematic diagram of another structure of the viewing angle dimming component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.32 for Fig.31 a top view of the corresponding first electrode and the second electrode;

[0060] Fig.33 A schematic diagram of another structure of the viewing angle dimming component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.34 for Fig.33 a top view of the corresponding first electrode and the second electrode;

[0062] Fig.35 for Fig.33 A schematic diagram of the first liquid crystal rotation when the corresponding first electrode and second electrode are powered;

[0063] Fig.36 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light control structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.37 Another structural schematic diagram of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.38 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the polymer liquid crystal film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.39 A schematic diagram of another structure of the polymer liquid crystal film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.40 A schematic diagram of another structure of the polymer liquid crystal film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.41 A schematic diagram of another structure of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.42 Another structural schematic diagram of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.43 Another structural schematic diagram of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.44 Another structural schematic diagram of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Fig.45 A schematic diagram of size comparison of microstructures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.46 Another structural schematic diagram of the second microstructure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.47 A top view of a second light guide plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.48 A schematic diagram of light transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Fig.49 Another structural schematic diagram of a backlight component provided by an embodiment of the invention;

[0077] Fig.50A flow chart of a driving method provided by an embodiment of the invention;

[0078] Fig.51 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.52 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module in an anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.53 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Fig.54 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.55 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.56 A schematic diagram of another structure of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.57 Another flow chart of the driving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Fig.58 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Fig.59 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Fig.60 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transportation tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention. [Specific implementation method]

[0088] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0089] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0091] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0092] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, and third may be used to describe polarizers in the embodiments of the present invention, these polarizers should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish polarizers from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first polarizer may also be referred to as the second polarizer, and similarly, the second polarizer may also be referred to as the first polarizer.

[0093] An embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of a display module in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a display module in an anti-peep mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the display module includes a backlight component 1, a display component 2 and a viewing angle dimming component 3, the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3 are respectively located on one side of the backlight component 1 toward the light emitting direction of the display module.

[0094] The backlight component 1 includes a first light guide structure 4 and a light regulation structure 5. The first light guide structure 4 includes a first light source 6 and a first light guide plate 7. The first light source 6 can be bottom-emitting or can be a light source such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The light regulating structure 5 is located on the side of the first light guide plate 7 facing the display component 2 , and is used to regulate the transmission direction of the light emitted from the first light guide plate 7 .

[0095] In a possible implementation, Figure 3 to Figure 6 As shown, Figure 3 A top view of the light regulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the L1-L2 direction, Figure 5 Another top view of the light control structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 for Figure 5In the cross-sectional view along the K1-K2 direction, the light regulating structure 5 includes a grating 35, and the grating 35 includes alternatingly arranged light-transmitting portions 70 and non-light-transmitting portions 71. By controlling the angle between the non-light-transmitting portions 71 and the normal (the normal is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located), the light regulating structure 5 is used to regulate the transmission direction of the light emitted through the first light guide plate 7.

[0096] For example, please see again Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the non-light-transmissive portion 71 is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, that is, parallel to the normal direction. At this time, the light regulation structure 5 can control the light emitted from the first light guide plate 7 to be emitted in a direction parallel to the normal direction. Or, please refer again Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the non-light-transmitting portion 71 is inclined relative to the normal direction. At this time, the light regulating structure 5 can control the light emitted through the first light guide plate 7 to be emitted along the inclined direction of the non-light-transmitting portion 71.

[0097] The viewing angle dimming component 3 includes a first electrode 8, a first liquid crystal 9 located on the side of the first electrode 8 facing away from the backlight component 1, and a second electrode 10 located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the backlight component 1, and the viewing angle dimming component 3 and the light regulating structure 5 have consistent light regulating directions.

[0098] It can be understood that the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the backlight component 1 and the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing the backlight component are also provided with alignment films, and in a feasible embodiment, the alignment directions of the two alignment films are parallel. When the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, the first liquid crystal 9 maintains the initial state under the action of the alignment film, and when the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered, the first liquid crystal 9 rotates a certain angle under the action of the electric field.

[0099] The display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode; in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide-viewing angle filtering state; in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 drive the first liquid crystal 9 to be in a narrow-viewing angle filtering state.

[0100] Specifically, when the display module displays a picture, the first light source 6 is turned on, and the light emitted by the first light source 6 is transmitted in the first light guide plate 7 and emitted through the top of the first light guide plate 7. The emitted light is regulated by the light regulating structure 5 and then enters the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3.

[0101] Please see again Figure 1When the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 in the viewing angle dimming component 3 are not powered, no electric field is formed between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state. In this filtering state, the first liquid crystal 9 has no optical effect on the light transmitted in each viewing angle direction, and the light in the normal viewing angle direction and the oblique viewing angle direction can be emitted from the display module. Figure 7 The brightness diagram under different viewing angles in the sharing mode is shown. Figure 7 The brightness distribution of the display module shown can be understood as the brightness distribution that can be viewed at various viewing angles when the user's body is facing the display module. Figure 7 The brightness data at each viewing angle is shown in Table 1. Fig. 9 The angle θ in Table 1 refers to the angle between a certain viewing direction Y and the y-axis (the y-axis is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located), and the angle σ in Table 1 refers to the angle between the orthographic projection of a certain viewing direction Y on the plane where the display module is located and the x-axis (the x-axis is parallel to the plane where the display module is located). The unit of each brightness data in Table 1 is nits. Figure 7 As can be seen from Table 1, in the sharing mode, both the normal viewing angle direction (the direction facing the display module) and the oblique viewing angle direction (the direction of the oblique viewing display module on the left and right sides) have high light output brightness. For example, the light output brightness in the center viewing angle direction (θ=0°, σ=0°) is 260.105nits, and the light output brightness in the oblique viewing angle 45° direction (θ=45°, σ=0°) is 224.312nits. The difference in light output brightness in the two viewing angle directions is small. Therefore, the user can watch the picture normally at both normal viewing angles and oblique viewing angles, and the display module has a wide viewing angle range.

[0102] θ=0° θ=5° θ=15° θ=25° θ=35° θ=45° θ=55° σ=0° 260.105 259.77 257.009 251.037 240.801 224.312 198.037 σ=5° 260.105 259.774 257.044 251.119 240.91 224.372 197.993 σ=15° 260.105 259.805 257.315 251.781 241.867 225.159 198.166 σ=25° 260.105 259.864 257.832 253.118 244.142 228.095 201.235 σ=35° 260.105 259.944 258.545 255.086 248.041 234.73 211.285 σ=45° 260.105 260.035 259.375 257.503 253.309 244.942 229.165 σ=55° 260.105 260.082 259.803 258.785 256.188 250.68 239.486

[0103] Table 1

[0104] Please see again Figure 2 When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 in the viewing angle dimming component 3 are energized, an electric field is formed between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, and the first liquid crystal 9 rotates under the action of the electric field and is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state. In this filtering state, the first liquid crystal 9 has an optical effect on the light in the oblique viewing direction, changes the polarization state of the light in the oblique viewing direction, and makes most of the light in the oblique viewing direction unable to be emitted through the display module, thereby reducing the light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle, and achieving an invisible anti-peeping effect at the oblique viewing angle. Combined with Figure 8 The brightness diagram under different viewing angles in the sharing mode is shown. Figure 8 The brightness data at each viewing angle is shown in Table 2. Fig. 9The angle θ in Table 2 refers to the angle between a certain viewing direction Y and the y-axis (the y-axis is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located). The angle σ in Table 2 refers to the angle between the orthographic projection of a certain viewing direction Y on the plane where the display module is located and the x-axis (the x-axis is parallel to the plane where the display module is located). The unit of each brightness data in Table 1 is nits. Figure 8 As can be seen from Table 2, in the anti-peeping mode, the normal viewing angle direction (the direction facing the display module) has a higher light output brightness, while the oblique viewing angle direction (the direction of the display module on the left and right sides) has a lower light output brightness. For example, the brightness in the center viewing angle direction (θ=0°, σ=0°) is 260.092nits, and the brightness in the oblique viewing angle direction of 45° (θ=45°, σ=0°) is 20.5893nits. The difference in light output brightness in the two viewing angle directions is large. Therefore, the user can watch the picture normally at the normal viewing angle, but cannot watch the picture at the oblique viewing angle. The display module has a narrow viewing angle range.

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Table 2

[0108] Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, the viewing angle dimming component 3 and the light regulating structure 5 have the same light regulating direction. Fig.10 As shown in the light transmission schematic diagram, the light regulating structure 5 can regulate the transmission direction of the light emitted by the first light guide plate 7, for example, converting the regulated light into light transmitted in a direction parallel to the normal line (i.e., collimated light) or into light transmitted obliquely in the normal line direction, thereby narrowing the transmission direction of the light. In the anti-peeping mode, the first liquid crystal 9 in the light regulating structure 5 is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, and the light regulating structure 5 also narrows the transmission direction of the light after regulating the light. The two regulate the light in the same way, thus achieving a better anti-peeping effect.

[0109] It should be noted that the consistency of the control direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be expressed in the following various ways. Fig.10At this time, the non-light-transmitting portion 71 in the light regulating structure 5 converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction, and the viewing angle dimming component 3 also converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction. However, the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this structure. In other embodiments, if the non-light-transmitting portion 71 in the light regulating structure 5 converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction, the viewing angle dimming component 3 also converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction; or, if the non-light-transmitting portion 71 in the light regulating structure 5 converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction, and converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction at the same time, the viewing angle dimming component 3 also converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction, and converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction at the same time.

[0110] The display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve a significantly improved ratio of brightness at a normal viewing angle to an oblique viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode compared to the prior art, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect. Specifically, the light emitted by the light source first passes through the light regulating structure 5 and then passes through the viewing angle dimming component 3. When passing through the light regulating structure 5, the light is converged in a preset direction (for example, in the X direction and the -X direction), so that the brightness at the oblique viewing angle is reduced by M times relative to the light source; when the light further passes through the viewing angle dimming component 3, the brightness at the oblique viewing angle is reduced by N times relative to the light emitted from the light regulating structure 5. If the viewing angle dimming component 3 can also converge the light in the X direction and the -X direction, the brightness reaching the human eye at the oblique viewing angle is reduced by M*N times relative to the light source; since the light regulating structure 5 and the viewing angle dimming component 3 do not have a blocking effect on the light perpendicular to the display module, the brightness reaching the human eye at a normal viewing angle can be considered to be equivalent to the brightness of the light source. At this time, the ratio of the brightness at a normal viewing angle to that at an oblique viewing angle is M*N. It should be noted that if the light regulating structure 5 converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction, and the viewing angle dimming component 3 converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction, then the ratio of the brightness of the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle is M or N. The above discussion is only to illustrate the effect of the embodiment of the present application, and does not consider the absorption or blocking effect of other structures on light. In this regard, the inventor conducted a test verification in the anti-peeping mode, combined with Fig. 9, see Table 3, the angle θ in Table 3 refers to the angle between a certain viewing angle direction Y and the y-axis (the y-axis is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located), and the angle σ in Table 3 refers to the angle between the orthographic projection of a certain viewing angle direction Y on the plane where the display module is located and the x-axis (the x-axis is parallel to the plane where the display module is located). The brightness percentage 1 in Table 3 represents the brightness percentage at different viewing angles when the display module is dimmed using only the backlight component 1, the brightness percentage 2 represents the brightness percentage at different viewing angles when the display module is dimmed using only the backlight component 1 and the viewing angle dimming component 3 at the same time, and the brightness percentage 3 represents the brightness percentage at different viewing angles when the display module is dimmed using only the viewing angle dimming component 3. The above brightness percentages are the ratios of the brightness at different viewing angles to the brightness at the positive viewing angle corresponding to σ=0°, θ=0°. According to the test data in Table 3, taking the three groups of data when σ=0°, θ=50°, θ=45°, and θ=40° as examples, the value of brightness percentage 2 is the lowest, that is, the brightness percentage at an oblique viewing angle is the lowest when the backlight component 1 and the viewing angle dimming component 3 are used for simultaneous dimming. Therefore, the light output brightness at an oblique viewing angle based on the coordinated dimming of the backlight component 1 and the viewing angle dimming component 3 is lower, and the anti-peeping effect is better.

[0111]

[0112] Table 3

[0113] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the light regulating structure 5 in the backlight component 1 and setting the viewing angle dimming component 3 on one side of the display component 2, the light regulating structure 5 can be used to first regulate the transmission direction of the light emitted by the first light guide plate 7, so that the light is transmitted in a specific direction. After the light enters the viewing angle dimming component 3 through the display component 2, the light is secondary regulated based on the liquid crystal birefringence principle of the viewing angle dimming component 3, thereby more effectively controlling the light output angle, and realizing the viewing angle switching between the sharing mode and the anti-peeping mode: when the user is in a private personal occasion or in a public place but does not need to access a bank account, pay a bill, or enter personal information, there is no need to perform anti-peeping. At this time, the display module can be controlled to be in the sharing mode, so that the user can enjoy a wide viewing angle viewing experience. When the user is in a public place and needs to access a bank account, pay a bill, and enter personal information, the display module can be controlled to be in the anti-peeping mode, realizing an invisible anti-peeping effect when observed at an oblique angle, effectively protecting the user's privacy from being leaked.

[0114] Therefore, by using the display module provided in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the cooperation between the light regulating structure 5 and the viewing angle dimming component 3, viewing angle switching in different modes is achieved, thereby optimizing the user experience.

[0115] Understandably, please see again Figure 1 and Figure 2 The viewing angle dimming component 3 further includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 which are arranged opposite to each other. The first electrode 8 is located on a side of the first substrate 11 facing the second substrate 12 , and the second electrode 10 is located on a side of the second substrate 12 facing the first substrate 11 .

[0116] In one embodiment, Figure 11 to Figure 13 As shown, Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display component 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.12 Another structural schematic diagram of the display component 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.13 This is another structural diagram of the display component 2 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the display component 2 includes a third electrode 13, a second liquid crystal 14 and a fourth electrode 15, wherein the third electrode 13 is a common electrode and the fourth electrode 15 is a pixel electrode, or the third electrode 13 is a pixel electrode and the fourth electrode 15 is a common electrode. Please refer to Fig.11 , the second liquid crystal 14 is located between the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15, or, please refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13 The second liquid crystal 14 is located on the side of the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15 facing away from the backlight component 1. For example, the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15 may be Fig.12 The same layer settings shown, or Fig.13 The different layer settings shown.

[0117] In this setting, the display component 2 is a liquid crystal display component. When the display module displays a picture, the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15 are energized to form an electric field, and the second liquid crystal 14 rotates under the action of the electric field. By controlling the size of the electric field, the rotation angle of the second liquid crystal 14 is controlled to achieve the brightness of the light emitted by the display component 2.

[0118] Or, in another embodiment, Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display component 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the display component 2 includes a quantum dot layer 18. In a feasible implementation, the quantum dot layer 18 includes a substrate 19 and quantum dots 20 located in the substrate 19, and the substrate 19 can be specifically formed of a basic resin material such as an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, or an epoxy resin.

[0119] In this setting, the display component 2 is a quantum dot display component. The quantum dots 20 in the quantum dot layer 18 will emit monochromatic light of different colors under the stimulation of the light emitted by the backlight component 1, thereby realizing color display. The quantum dot display has a higher color gamut and lower energy consumption, so the display module has better display performance.

[0120] Understandably, please see again Figure 11 to Figure 14 The display component 2 may further include a third substrate 16 and a fourth substrate 17 that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0121] In one embodiment, see again Figure 1 , the viewing angle dimming component 3 is located on the side of the display component 2 facing away from the backlight component 1. At this time, the viewing angle dimming component 3 is located on the outer side of the display module, and the light emitted by the viewing angle dimming component 3 directly enters the human eye without passing through other structures such as the display component 2, thereby avoiding other structures from diverging the light, further improving the anti-peeping effect. In this structure, the display component can be the liquid crystal display component as described above, or the quantum dot display component as described above.

[0122] Or, in another embodiment, Fig.15 As shown, Fig.15 Another structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the display component 2 is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component 3 facing away from the backlight component 1. Based on this relative position relationship, when the display component 2 includes a touch function layer, the touch function layer is closer to the user's finger touch position, thereby helping to improve the touch performance. Among them, the touch function layer can be embedded, located inside the display component 2, or it can be external, located on the side of the display component 2 away from the viewing angle dimming component 3. In this structure, the display component can be a liquid crystal display component as described above, or it can be a quantum dot display component as described above.

[0123] In one embodiment, Figure 16 to Figure 18 As shown, Fig.16 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the absorption axis of the polarizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.18 Another schematic diagram of the absorption axis of the polarizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the display module further includes a first polarizer 21, a second polarizer 22 and a third polarizer 23. Among them, the first polarizer 21 is located on the side of the display component 2 facing away from the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the first polarizer 21 has a first absorption axis P1; the second polarizer 22 is located between the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the second polarizer 22 has a second absorption axis P2, and the second absorption axis P2 is perpendicular to the first absorption axis P1; the third polarizer 23 is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component 3 facing away from the display component 2, and the third polarizer 23 has a third absorption axis P3, and the third absorption axis P3 is parallel to the second absorption axis P2.

[0124] In a feasible implementation, the viewing angle dimming component 3 is located on the side of the display component 2 facing away from the backlight component 1, that is, the first polarizer 21 is located between the display component 2 and the backlight component 1, the second polarizer 22 is located between the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the third polarizer 23 is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component 3 facing away from the display component 2. Fig.17 , the first absorption axis P1 extends horizontally, and the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3 extend vertically, so that the second absorption axis P2 is perpendicular to the first absorption axis P1, and the third absorption axis P3 is parallel to the second absorption axis P2. Alternatively, in another feasible embodiment, please refer again to Fig.18 , the first absorption axis P1 extends vertically, and the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3 extend horizontally, so that the second absorption axis P2 is perpendicular to the first absorption axis P1 and the third absorption axis P3 is parallel to the second absorption axis P2.

[0125] By arranging two polarizers with absorption axes perpendicular to each other on both sides of the display component 2, the light output brightness of the display component 2 can be controlled based on the cooperation of the two polarizers, thereby controlling the display image of the display component 2. By making the absorption axes of the polarizers on both sides of the viewing angle dimming component 3 parallel to each other, the two polarizers can cooperate with each other to achieve sharing and anti-peeping effects. The specific working principle will be described in detail in conjunction with the subsequent embodiments.

[0126] In one embodiment, Fig.19 As shown, Fig.19 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The first liquid crystal 9 is a positive liquid crystal, specifically a single optical axis positive liquid crystal. The pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal 9 is A1, 0°≤A1≤10°, that is, in the initial state of the first liquid crystal, the optical axis of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located have an angle of 0° to 10°. The viewing angle dimming component 3 also includes a first alignment film 27 and a second alignment film 28. The first alignment film 27 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing the display component 2, and the second alignment film 28 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the display component 2. The first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 have the same alignment direction, which is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2 and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

[0127] The alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are perpendicular to the light focusing direction of the viewing angle dimming component 3. Fig.10 and Fig.25 , Fig.25The top view of the display module shown is understood as a layout diagram of the display module when the user's body is facing the display module. When the display module performs left and right viewing angles of peeping, the viewing angle dimming component 3 converges the light in the X direction and the -X direction, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are 90° or 270°; when the display module performs up and down viewing angles of peeping, the viewing angle dimming component 3 converges the light in the Y direction and the -Y direction, and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are 0° or 180°.

[0128] The dimming principle is explained below by taking the example that the viewing angle dimming component 3 is located on the side of the display component 2 facing away from the backlight component 1, that is, the first polarizer 21 is located between the display component 2 and the backlight component 1, the second polarizer 22 is located between the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the third polarizer 23 is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component 3 facing away from the display component 2.

[0129] First, it should be noted that the light emitted through the second polarizer 22 is linearly polarized light. When the linearly polarized light is transmitted along the optical axis parallel to or perpendicular to the first liquid crystal 9, the first liquid crystal 9 will not affect the optical properties of the linearly polarized light: the two mutually orthogonal light waves decomposed by the linearly polarized light have the same forward speed when passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and there is no phase delay, so the polarization direction of the resynthesized linearly polarized light does not change. However, when there is an angle between the linearly polarized light and the optical axis of the first liquid crystal 9 that is not 0° or 90°, there is a phase delay when the light wave passes through the liquid crystal molecules, so the polarization state of the resynthesized linearly polarized light will change.

[0130] The light transmitted along the normal viewing direction through the second polarizer 22 is the first linear polarized light W1 , and the light transmitted along the oblique viewing direction is the second linear polarized light W2 . The polarization directions of the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 are both parallel to the second absorption axis P2 .

[0131] like Fig. 20 As shown, Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of light transmission in a sharing mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention. When the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide-view filtering state (initial state): the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is the pre-tilt angle A1, and the first liquid crystal 9 is close to a lying state.

[0132] In this mode, the first liquid crystal 9 tends to lie completely flat, so the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 can be regarded as parallel to the plane where the display module is located and parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 transmitted in the normal viewing direction and the second linear polarized light W2 transmitted in the oblique viewing direction are both transmitted along a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9. The polarization directions of the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 do not change after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and are still parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 can both be emitted through the third polarizer 23, and have high light output brightness under both normal viewing angles and oblique viewing angles, without causing brightness loss.

[0133] like Fig.21 As shown, Fig.21 A schematic diagram of light transmission in an anti-peeping mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are energized to generate a vertical electric field, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state: since the first liquid crystal 9 is a positive liquid crystal, the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 rotates along a direction parallel to the direction of the electric field, that is, it rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located. The angle between the optical axis P of the rotated first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, B>A1, and B≠90°.

[0134] In this mode, the first liquid crystal 9 rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located. Therefore, at a normal viewing angle, the orthographic projection of the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 is still parallel to the plane where the display module is located and parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2. Therefore, at a normal viewing angle, the first linear polarized light W1 is still transmitted along a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9. The polarization direction of the first linear polarized light W1 does not change after passing through the first liquid crystal 9. The first linear polarized light W1 can be emitted through the third polarizer 23, and no brightness loss occurs at a normal viewing angle. At an oblique viewing angle, there is an angle B between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 in the oblique viewing angle and the plane where the display module is located. Therefore, at an oblique viewing angle, different degrees of phase delay will be generated when the second linear polarized light W2 passes through the first liquid crystal 9. After the second linear polarized light W2 passes through the first liquid crystal 9, the polarization state changes, so that the polarization direction of the second linear polarized light W2 is no longer parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3, resulting in the second linear polarized light W2 being unable to be emitted through the third polarizer 23, thereby reducing the brightness of the oblique viewing angle.

[0135] It can be seen that based on the structure of the above-mentioned viewing angle dimming component 3, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control the brightness at the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle to not attenuate, so that both the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle have a larger light output brightness, thereby improving the user's viewing experience at a large viewing angle. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control only the light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle to attenuate to achieve the anti-peeping effect, but not attenuate the light output brightness at the normal viewing angle, so that there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle.

[0136] In the prior art, in order to achieve the anti-peeping effect, a louver grating is usually used to intercept the light in the oblique viewing direction, but the louver grating will affect the light transmittance in the normal viewing direction, so that the maximum light transmittance at the normal viewing angle is only 75%. The viewing angle dimming structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention does not affect the light transmittance at the normal viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode. Regardless of whether the display module is in the sharing mode or the anti-peeping mode, it has a higher light output brightness at the normal viewing angle. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the effect is better and the user experience is better.

[0137] In a feasible implementation, A1=0°, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is in a completely flat state in the initial state, which can avoid the brightness attenuation in the sharing mode to a greater extent. Alternatively, in another feasible implementation, 0°<A1≤10°, so that when the display module switches from the sharing mode to the anti-peeping mode, the first liquid crystal 9 can rotate based on A1, and can rotate to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode more quickly.

[0138] Or, in another embodiment, Fig. 22 As shown, Fig. 22 This is another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The first liquid crystal 9 is a negative liquid crystal, specifically a single optical axis negative liquid crystal. The pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal 9 is A2, 85°≤A2≤95°, that is, in the initial state of the first liquid crystal, the optical axis of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located have an angle of 85° to 95°. The viewing angle dimming component 3 also includes a first alignment film 27 and a second alignment film 28. The first alignment film 27 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing the display component 2, and the second alignment film 28 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the display component 2. The alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are the same, and the alignment direction is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2, and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

[0139] like Fig.23 As shown, Fig.23Another schematic diagram of light transmission in a sharing mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide-view filtering state (initial state): the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is the pretilt angle A2, and the first liquid crystal 9 is close to an upright state.

[0140] In this mode, the first liquid crystal 9 tends to be completely upright, and the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 can be regarded as perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 transmitted in the normal viewing direction and the second linear polarized light W2 transmitted in the oblique viewing direction are both transmitted in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9. The polarization directions of the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 do not change after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and are still parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 are both emitted through the third polarizer 23, and have high light output brightness under both normal viewing angles and oblique viewing angles, without causing brightness loss.

[0141] like Fig.24 As shown, Fig.24 Another schematic diagram of light transmission in the anti-peeping mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are energized to generate a vertical electric field, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state: since the first liquid crystal 9 is a negative liquid crystal, the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 rotates along a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field, that is, it rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located, and the angle between the optical axis P of the rotated first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, B<A2, and B≠0°.

[0142] In this mode, the first liquid crystal 9 rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located. Therefore, at the normal viewing angle, the orthographic projection of the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 is still parallel to the plane where the display module is located and parallel to or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2. For this reason, at the normal viewing angle, the first linear polarized light W1 is still transmitted along a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9. The polarization direction of the first linear polarized light W1 does not change after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and is still parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 can be emitted through the third polarizer 23, and no brightness loss occurs at the normal viewing angle. However, at an oblique viewing angle, there is an angle B between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 in the oblique viewing angle and the plane where the display module is located. Therefore, when the second linear polarized light W2 passes through the first liquid crystal 9 at an oblique viewing angle, different degrees of phase delay will be generated. After the second linear polarized light W2 passes through the first liquid crystal 9, the polarization state changes, so that the polarization direction of the second linear polarized light W2 is no longer parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3, resulting in the second linear polarized light W2 being unable to be emitted through the third polarizer 23, thereby reducing the brightness of the emitted light at the oblique viewing angle.

[0143] It can be seen that based on the structure of the above-mentioned viewing angle dimming component 3, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control the brightness at the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle to not attenuate, so that both the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle have a larger light output brightness, thereby improving the user's viewing experience at a large viewing angle. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control only the light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle to attenuate to achieve the anti-peeping effect, but does not attenuate the light output brightness at the normal viewing angle, so that there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle, and the light output brightness is greater.

[0144] In a feasible implementation, A2=90°, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is in a completely upright state in the initial state, and the brightness attenuation in the sharing mode is avoided to a greater extent. Alternatively, in another feasible implementation, 85°≤A2≤95° and A2≠90°, so that when the display module is switched from the sharing mode to the anti-peeping mode, the first liquid crystal 9 can be rotated based on A2, and can be rotated to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode more quickly.

[0145] In one embodiment, see again Fig.21 and Fig.24 When the first liquid crystal 9 is in the narrow viewing angle filtering state, the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, 40°≤B≤50°. At this time, the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is close to 45°, and the influence of the first liquid crystal 9 on the optical properties of the second linear polarized light W2 under the oblique viewing angle tends to be the largest. The polarization state of the second polarized light after passing through the first liquid crystal 9 is changed to a greater extent, so that more second polarized light cannot be emitted through the third polarizer 23, further increasing the brightness attenuation under the oblique viewing angle and improving the anti-peeping effect.

[0146] Furthermore, B=45°, so as to minimize the brightness of light at oblique angles in the anti-peeping mode.

[0147] It should be noted that, based on the XY coordinate system, when the alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are parallel to the edge of the display module, they can be parallel to the edge of the display module extending along the X-axis direction, or they can be parallel to the edge of the display module extending along the Y-axis direction.

[0148] Take the application of display modules in mobile phones as an example. In daily life, users usually access bank accounts, pay bills or enter personal information when operating their mobile phones in portrait mode. At this time, it is more necessary to prevent peeping from left and right viewing angles. Fig.25The top view of the display module shown in the figure can be understood as the placement diagram of the display module when the user's body is facing the display module. Taking the direction of the X-axis of the first quadrant in the coordinate quadrant as 0° as a reference, the alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 can be 90° or 270°, that is, the alignment direction is parallel to the long side direction of the display module. At this time, Figures 19 to 24 Both Fig.25 Cross-sectional view along the A1-A2 direction, which effectively realizes anti-peeping from left and right perspectives. This setting is more suitable for anti-peeping scenarios required in daily life.

[0149] In one embodiment, see again Fig.11 In the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is d1, the cell thickness of the second liquid crystal 14 is d2, and d1>d2.

[0150] If the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is small, in the anti-peeping mode, the phase delay efficiency of the light wave decomposed by the second linear polarized light W2 at an oblique angle when passing through the first liquid crystal 9 is small, resulting in insignificant brightness attenuation at an oblique angle. However, by making the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 greater than the cell thickness of the second liquid crystal 14, the phase delay efficiency of the second linear polarized light W2 can be improved, so that the brightness attenuation at an oblique angle is greater, and the anti-peeping effect is more significant.

[0151] In one embodiment, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is d1, and 5 μm≤d1≤8 μm.

[0152] By setting the minimum cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 to 5 μm, the first liquid crystal 9 can have a sufficient cell thickness, thereby ensuring that the first liquid crystal 9 has a greater influence on the polarization state of the second linear polarized light W2 at an oblique viewing angle, and further increasing the brightness attenuation at an oblique viewing angle. By setting the maximum cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 to 8 μm, it is possible to avoid excessive cell thickness, so that the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is approximately equal to the thickness of a half wave plate, which can achieve a better anti-peeping effect and avoid affecting the overall thickness of the display module.

[0153] In one embodiment, in the anti-peep mode, V = 5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), wherein V is the voltage difference between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, the dielectric constant ε / / is the horizontal dielectric constant, the dielectric constant ε⊥ is the vertical dielectric constant, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0154] In order to achieve a better anti-peeping effect by using the viewing angle dimming component 3, the inventors conducted multiple sets of data tests under different parameters V and different parameters d1, and the test data are shown in Table 4. Based on multiple sets of test data, it can be obtained that the above fitting formula exists between the parameter V and the parameter d1. In this way, when the display module is structurally designed, no matter what cell thickness the first liquid crystal 9 has, the pressure difference matching the cell thickness can be obtained according to the formula, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is driven by the electric field formed by the pressure difference to rotate to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect.

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] Table 4

[0158] In one embodiment, see again Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 respectively cover the first liquid crystal 9. At this time, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are planar electrodes respectively. After the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 can form a more uniformly distributed vertical electric field in the liquid crystal box of the first liquid crystal 9. The first liquid crystal 9 in each area can be rotated to the angle required for anti-peeping under the action of the vertical electric field, and the control accuracy of the first liquid crystal 9 is higher.

[0159] Or, in another embodiment, Fig.26 and Fig. 27 As shown, Fig.26 Another structural schematic diagram of the viewing angle dimming component 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig. 27 for Fig.26 The corresponding top view of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, the first electrode 8 includes at least one first sub-electrode 29, the first sub-electrode 29 includes a first main electrode strip 30 and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips 31 connected to the first main electrode strip 30 and arranged in parallel, in the plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21, the second electrode 10 covers the first liquid crystal 9, at this time, the second electrode 10 is a planar electrode, and the first electrode 8 is a grid electrode.

[0160] Or, if Fig.28 and Fig.29 As shown, Fig.28 This is another structural schematic diagram of the viewing angle dimming component 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.29 for Fig.28The corresponding top view of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, in the plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21, the first electrode 8 covers the first liquid crystal 9, the second electrode 10 includes at least one second sub-electrode 32, the second sub-electrode 32 includes a second main electrode strip 33 and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips 34 connected to the second main electrode strip 33 and arranged in parallel. At this time, the first electrode 8 is a planar electrode and the second electrode 10 is a grid electrode.

[0161] When one of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 is a planar electrode and the other is a grid electrode, as shown in FIG. Fig.30 As shown, Fig.30 for Fig.28 The first liquid crystal 9 rotates when the corresponding first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered. After the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered, a relatively uniform vertical electric field is formed. The first liquid crystal 9 rotates under the action of the vertical electric field, thereby adjusting the optical properties of the second linear polarized light W2 under the oblique viewing angle. Moreover, by setting one of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 as a grid electrode, there are gaps between the tooth electrode strips of the grid electrode, so that the degree of light blocking is small, thereby improving the light emission rate of the display module.

[0162] Or, in another embodiment, Fig.31 and Fig.32 As shown, Fig.31 This is another structural schematic diagram of the viewing angle dimming component 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.32 for Fig.31 The corresponding top view of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, the first electrode 8 includes at least one first sub-electrode 29, the first sub-electrode 29 includes a first main electrode strip 30 and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips 31 connected to the first main electrode strip 30 and arranged in parallel, the second electrode 10 includes at least one second sub-electrode 32, the second sub-electrode 32 includes a second main electrode strip 33 and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips 34 connected to the second main electrode strip 33 and arranged in parallel. Please refer again Fig.31 and Fig.32 , in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first polarizer 21, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 at least partially overlap. At this time, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are respectively grid electrodes. By making the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 at least partially overlap, the facing area of ​​the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 can be increased, forming a stronger and more uniform vertical electric field, thereby improving the rotation accuracy of the first liquid crystal 9.

[0163] Or, if Figure 33 to Figure 35 As shown, Fig.33 This is another structural schematic diagram of the viewing angle dimming component 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.34 for Fig.33The corresponding top view of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, Fig.35 for Fig.33 Schematic diagram of the rotation of the first liquid crystal 9 when the corresponding first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered on. In the plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21, the multiple first tooth electrode strips 31 of the first electrode 8 and the multiple second tooth electrode strips 34 of the second electrode 10 are interlocked with each other, so that the tooth electrode strips of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are staggered with each other, the electrodes block less light, and the light emission rate of the display module is improved.

[0164] In addition, it should be noted that Fig.25 , with the X-axis of the first quadrant of the coordinate system pointing to 0° as the reference, please refer to Fig.32 and Fig.34 , the extension direction of the first tooth electrode strip 31 and the second tooth electrode strip 34 can be set to 90° or 270°, so that the formed electric field and the anti-peeping direction cooperate with each other to better achieve left and right viewing angles of anti-peeping. Alternatively, in other feasible implementations, the alignment direction of the alignment film can be set to 0° or 180°, and the extension direction of the first tooth electrode strip 31 and the second tooth electrode strip 34 can be set to 0° or 180°, so as to better achieve up and down viewing angles of anti-peeping.

[0165] In one embodiment, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are light-transmitting electrodes to reduce the shielding of light by the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10. Exemplarily, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are respectively formed of light-transmitting conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0166] In one embodiment, Fig.36 As shown, Fig.36 This is a structural schematic diagram of a light regulation structure 5 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the light regulation structure 5 includes a grating 35, wherein the grating 35 includes light-transmitting portions 70 and non-light-transmitting portions 71 that are alternately arranged, wherein the angle between the non-light-transmitting portions 71 and the normal is C, 5°≤C≤10°, and the normal is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0167] In this way, the grating 35 can use the light-transmitting portion 70 and the non-light-transmitting portion 71 included to adjust the transmission angle of the light emitted through the first light guide plate 7, and convert at least part of the light into collimated light transmitted in a specific direction. By further setting the non-light-transmitting portion 71 as an inclined structure, so that the non-light-transmitting portion 71 deviates from the normal direction by 5° to 10°, the grating 35 corrects the transmission direction of the light emitted through the first light guide plate 7, so that at least part of the light can also be transmitted in a direction inclined to the normal. Taking the application of the display module in the field of vehicle display as an example, when the vehicle display screen displays entertainment pictures, in order to ensure driving safety, it is hoped that the interference of the displayed pictures to the driver will be reduced. At this time, by tilting the non-light-transmitting portion 71 toward the direction of the co-pilot seat by 5° to 10°, the light emitted by the vehicle display screen can be more inclined to be transmitted toward the co-pilot seat, reducing the amount of light transmitted toward the main driver seat, and then by cooperating with the viewing angle adjustment component, the light output brightness under the oblique viewing angle in the direction of the main driver seat is reduced to a greater extent, and the anti-peeping effect in the direction of the main driver seat is further improved.

[0168] In other optional embodiments of the present invention, the light regulating structure 5 may also be a structure such as a light control film that can regulate the light transmission direction. For example, a microstructure is provided on the light control film, and the light transmission direction is adjusted by using the microstructure.

[0169] In one embodiment, Fig.37 As shown, Fig.37 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the backlight component 1 also includes a polymer liquid crystal film 36, the polymer liquid crystal film 36 is located on the side of the light regulating structure 5 facing away from the first light guide plate 7, the polymer liquid crystal film 36 includes a polymer liquid crystal layer 37, and an electrode layer 38 located on at least one side of the polymer liquid crystal layer 37.

[0170] Specifically, the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 includes a polymer and liquid crystal droplets uniformly dispersed in the polymer. When the display module is in the sharing mode, the electrode layer 38 is not powered, and the liquid crystal droplets are arranged irregularly. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal droplets does not match the refractive index of the polymer. The polymer liquid crystal layer 37 is in a foggy state and has a scattering effect on light. The light emitted through the light regulation structure 5 is scattered by the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, which increases the transmission angle range of the light and helps to achieve a wider viewing angle. At this time, the luminous power of the first light source 6 can be increased to increase the final light output brightness of the backlight component 1. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the electrode layer 38 is powered, and the electric field formed by the electrode layer 38 drives the optical axis of the liquid crystal droplets to rotate along the direction of the electric field. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal droplets matches the refractive index of the polymer, and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 is in a transparent state and no longer has a scattering effect on light. The light emitted by the light regulation structure 5 does not change the transmission direction when it is emitted through the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, which is more conducive to achieving a narrow viewing angle. It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, while the viewing angle dimming component 3 is used for anti-peeping, further cooperating with the polymer liquid crystal film 36 can achieve a better effect.

[0171] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the backlight component 1 further includes a first flexible circuit board, the pins of the first flexible circuit board are bound together with the electrode layer 38, and the first flexible circuit board is used to transmit a voltage signal for driving the liquid crystal droplet to rotate to the electrode layer 38. In addition, the backlight component 1 further includes a second flexible circuit board, the pins of the second flexible circuit board are bound together with the power lead wire or power lead terminal of the first light source 6, and the second flexible circuit board is used to transmit a power signal to the first light source 6 to control the first light source 6 to turn on.

[0172] Furthermore, if Figures 38 to 40 As shown, Fig.38 Another structural schematic diagram of the polymer liquid crystal film 36 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.39 Another structural schematic diagram of the polymer liquid crystal film 36 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.40 Another structural schematic diagram of the polymer liquid crystal film 36 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the polymer liquid crystal film 36 further includes a first substrate 39 and a second substrate 40, the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 is located between the first substrate 39 and the second substrate 40, and the electrode layer 38 is located between the first substrate 39 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 and / or between the second substrate 40 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37. For example, please refer again to Fig.38 , the electrode layer 38 is located between the first substrate 39 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 and between the second substrate 40 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, or, please refer again Fig.39 , the electrode layer 38 is located between the first substrate 39 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, or, please refer to Fig.40The electrode layer 38 is located between the second substrate 40 and the polymer liquid crystal layer 37 .

[0173] It should be noted that the first substrate 39 and the second substrate 40 can be formed of light-transmitting materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) respectively. By providing the first substrate 39 and the second substrate 40, in the process of the polymer liquid crystal film 36, the electrode layer 38 can be formed on the first substrate 39 and / or the second substrate 40, instead of being directly formed on the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, thereby avoiding the process of the electrode layer 38 from affecting the structural characteristics of the polymer liquid crystal layer 37, thereby improving its reliability.

[0174] In one embodiment, Fig.41 As shown, Fig.41 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the backlight component 1 further includes a second light guide structure 41, the second light guide structure 41 includes a second light source 42 and a second light guide plate 43, wherein the second light source 42 is Fig.41 In the side-emitting mode shown, the second light guide plate 43 is located on the side of the light regulating structure 5 facing away from the first light guide plate 7. In the sharing mode, the second light source 42 is turned on, and in the anti-peeping mode, the second light source 42 is turned off.

[0175] Specifically, in the sharing mode, the second light source 42 is turned on, and the light emitted by the second light source 42 is emitted through the top of the second light guide plate 43 to form a surface light source with a larger range; in the anti-peeping mode, the second light source 42 is turned off, and only the light emitted by the first light guide plate 7 is used as the display light. This part of the display light first passes through the light control structure 5 to control the transmission direction of the light, so that the light is transmitted in a specific direction, and then the light is secondary controlled by the viewing angle dimming component 3 to directionally control the light output angle, reduce the light output at the oblique viewing angle, and ensure a lower light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle.

[0176] In one embodiment, Figure 42 to Figure 44 As shown, Fig.42 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.43 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.44 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first light guide plate 7 facing away from the display component 2 is a first bottom surface 44, the first bottom surface 44 has a plurality of first microstructures 45, and the first microstructures 45 are concave along the direction toward the display component 2; and / or, the surface of the second light guide plate 43 facing away from the display component 2 is a second bottom surface 46, the second bottom surface 46 includes a plurality of second microstructures 47, and the second microstructures 47 are concave along the direction toward the display component 2.

[0177] For example, please see again Fig.42 , the first light guide plate 7 is provided with a first microstructure 45, and the second light guide plate 43 is also provided with a second microstructure 47; or, please refer again to Fig.43 , only the first light guide plate 7 is provided with the first microstructure 45; or, please refer to Fig.44 , only the second light guide plate 43 is provided with the second microstructure 47 .

[0178] It should be noted that the light guide plate is mainly an optical grade acrylic plate or a polycarbonate (PC) plate, and the above microstructure can be formed by laser engraving, V-shaped cross grid engraving or ultraviolet (UV) screen printing technology. By setting the microstructure on the light guide plate, the light emitted by the light source will be reflected on each microstructure when it is transmitted in the light guide plate, and the reflected light will diffuse toward various angles and then be emitted through the top of the light guide plate. The reflection of light by the microstructure can increase the light output angle range, making the light distribution in the light guide plate more uniform, thereby increasing the light output viewing angle range of the display module to a greater extent.

[0179] Furthermore, if Fig.45 As shown, Fig.45 A schematic diagram comparing the sizes of the microstructures provided in the embodiment of the present invention shows that the size of the second microstructure 47 is smaller than that of the first microstructure 45 .

[0180] Since the second light guide plate 43 is located on the side of the first light guide plate 7 close to the display component 2, when the second light source 42 is turned on, the light emitted through the second light guide plate 43 will directly enter the display component 2. If the size of the second microstructure 47 is too large, many obvious bright spots will be displayed on the second light guide plate 43, and it is difficult to convert it into a divergent surface light source. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the second microstructure 47 is set to be smaller than the size of the first microstructure 45. For example, the size of the first microstructure 45 is set to the millimeter level, and the size of the second microstructure 47 is set to the nanometer level. In this way, there is no obvious bright spot in the second light guide plate 43, and the second light guide plate 43 is more likely to convert light into a divergent surface light source, thereby improving the light output effect.

[0181] In one embodiment, Figure 46-48 As shown, Fig.46 Another structural schematic diagram of the second microstructure 47 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.47 is a top view of the second light guide plate 43 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.48The schematic diagram of light transmission provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the second light source 42 is located on the side of the second light guide plate 43, that is, the second light source 42 is side-emitting, the second microstructure 47 has a first surface 48 and a second surface 49, the slope of the first surface 48 is less than the slope of the second surface 49, and the first surface 48 is located on the side of the second surface 49 close to the second light source 42. In a feasible embodiment, the second surface 49 is a vertical surface, and the first surface 48 is an inclined surface, or, in another feasible embodiment, the first surface 48 and the second surface 49 are both inclined surfaces, but the inclination angle of the first surface 48 is larger. It should be noted that the slope and the inclination angle both refer to the angle between the normal line, and the normal line is perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located. In this way, the first surface 48 closer to the second light source 42 in the second microstructure 47 is an inclined surface, and the light emitted by the second light source 42 is transmitted to the first surface 48 of the second microstructure 47 and reflected by the first surface 48. The transmission angle of the reflected light is more divergent, thereby further improving the viewing angle range in the sharing mode.

[0182] It should be noted that the inclined first surface 48 of the second microstructure 47 faces the second light source 42, so the second microstructure 47 of this structure can significantly adjust the light path of the side light emitted by the second light source 42. However, the second microstructure 47 has a smaller effect on the light path of the light incident from the bottom, and the size of the second microstructure 47 is very small. Therefore, in the anti-peeping mode, when the light emitted by the first light guide plate 7 is emitted through the second light guide plate 43, the second light guide plate 43 will hardly diverge the light emitted by the first light guide plate 7.

[0183] In addition, it should be noted that the backlight component 1 may also include a third flexible circuit board, the pins of the third flexible circuit board are bound together with the power lead wire or power lead terminal of the second light source 42, and the second flexible circuit board is used to transmit a power signal to the second light source 42 to control the second light source 42 to turn on.

[0184] Furthermore, in the sharing mode, the first light source 6 is turned on, that is, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the first light source 6 and the second light source 42 are turned on at the same time, thereby effectively increasing the light output of the backlight component 1, improving the light output brightness of the display module, and optimizing the display effect.

[0185] In one embodiment, Fig.49 As shown, Fig.49 Another structural schematic diagram of the backlight component 1 provided in an embodiment of the invention, the backlight component 1 also includes: a diffuser 50, the diffuser 50 is located between the first light guide plate 7 and the light regulating structure 5; and / or, a prism sheet 51, the prism sheet 51 is located between the first light guide plate 7 and the light regulating structure 5, specifically, it can be located on the side of the diffuser 50 facing away from the first light guide plate 7; and / or, a reflective sheet 52, the reflective sheet 52 is located on the side of the first light guide plate 7 facing away from the display component 2.

[0186] Specifically, the light emitted from the first light guide plate 7 is diffused by the diffuser 50 and then enters the prism sheet 51, and then converged by the prism sheet 51 to achieve a brightening effect. By arranging a reflective sheet 52 on the side of the first light guide plate 7 facing away from the display component 2, the reflective sheet 52 can be used to reflect the light emitted from the bottom of the first light guide plate 7 back, thereby improving the light utilization rate and light brightness.

[0187] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for driving a display module. The method is applied in the above-mentioned display module. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode, such as Fig.50 As shown, Fig.50 A flowchart of a driving method provided in an embodiment of the invention, the driving method includes:

[0188] Step S1: In the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state.

[0189] Step S2: In the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 drive the first liquid crystal 9 to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state.

[0190] Combined with the analysis of the above embodiments, the display module can realize the switching of the viewing angle between the sharing mode and the anti-peeping mode by using the driving method provided in the embodiments of the present invention: when the user is in an environment where anti-peeping is not required, the display module can be controlled to be in the sharing mode, so that the user can enjoy the viewing experience of a wide viewing angle. When the user is in an environment where anti-peeping is required, the display module can be controlled to be in the anti-peeping mode, achieving an anti-peeping effect that is invisible when observing at an oblique angle, effectively protecting the user's privacy from being leaked.

[0191] The embodiment of the present invention provides another display module, such as Fig.51 and Fig.52 As shown, Fig.51 This is another structural schematic diagram of a display module in a sharing mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.52 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module in an anti-peeping mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the display module includes a liquid crystal display component 53 and a viewing angle dimming component 3, the viewing angle dimming component 3 is located on the side of the liquid crystal display component 53 facing the light emitting direction of the display module. The viewing angle dimming component 3 includes a first electrode 8, a first liquid crystal 9 located on the side of the first electrode 8 facing away from the liquid crystal display component 53, and a second electrode 10 located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the display component 2.

[0192] The display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode. In the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide-viewing angle filtering state; in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 drive the first liquid crystal 9 to be in a narrow-viewing angle filtering state, wherein V = 5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0193] When the display module displays a picture, the light emitted by the liquid crystal display component 53 further enters the viewing angle dimming component 3 .

[0194] Please see again Fig.51 When the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 in the viewing angle dimming component 3 are not powered, no electric field is formed between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state. In this filtering state, the first liquid crystal 9 has no optical effect on the light transmitted in each viewing angle direction, and the light in the normal viewing angle direction and the oblique viewing angle direction can be emitted from the display module. Both the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle have high light output brightness, and the display module has a wide viewing angle range.

[0195] Please see again Fig.52 When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 in the viewing angle dimming component 3 are energized, an electric field is formed between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, and the first liquid crystal 9 rotates under the action of the electric field and is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state. In this filtering state, the first liquid crystal 9 has an optical effect on the light in the oblique viewing direction, changes the polarization state of the light in the oblique viewing direction, and makes most of the light in the oblique viewing direction unable to be emitted through the display module, thereby reducing the light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle, and achieving an invisible anti-peeping effect at the oblique viewing angle. In the anti-peeping mode, the positive viewing angle has a higher light output brightness, while the left and right oblique viewing angles have a very low light output brightness, and the display module has a narrow viewing angle range.

[0196] It can be seen that by setting the viewing angle dimming component 3 and utilizing the principle of liquid crystal birefringence to directionally control the light output angle, the viewing angle switching between the sharing mode and the anti-peeping mode can be realized: when anti-peeping is not required, the display module is controlled to be in the sharing mode, so that the user can enjoy a wide viewing angle viewing experience. When anti-peeping is required, the display module is controlled to be in the anti-peeping mode, achieving an invisible anti-peeping effect when observing at an oblique angle, effectively protecting the user's privacy from being leaked.

[0197] In addition, in order to achieve a better anti-peeping effect by using the viewing angle dimming component 3, the inventors conducted multiple sets of data tests under different parameters V and different parameters d1. The test data can be found in Table 4 above, and the fitting formula between the parameter V and the parameter d1 is obtained based on the multiple sets of test data. In this way, when the display module is structurally designed, no matter what cell thickness the first liquid crystal 9 has, the pressure difference matching the cell thickness can be obtained according to the formula, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is driven by the electric field formed by the pressure difference to rotate to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect.

[0198] In addition, please refer to Fig.51 and Fig.52 The viewing angle dimming component 3 further includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to each other, the first electrode 8 is located on a side of the first substrate 11 facing the second substrate 12, the second electrode 10 is located on a side of the second substrate 12 facing the first substrate 11, the liquid crystal display component 53 includes a third electrode 13, a second liquid crystal 14 and a fourth electrode 15, the second liquid crystal 14 is located between the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15, or the second liquid crystal 14 is located on a side of the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15 facing the viewing angle dimming component 3, Fig.51 The second liquid crystal 14 is located between the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 15. In addition, the liquid crystal display component 53 further includes a third substrate 16 and a fourth substrate 17 which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the fourth substrate 17 is located on a side of the third substrate 16 close to the first substrate 11.

[0199] In one embodiment, Fig.17 , Fig.18 and Fig.53 As shown, Fig.53 This is another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the display module further comprises a first polarizer 21, a second polarizer 22 and a third polarizer 23. The first polarizer 21 is located on the side of the display component 2 facing away from the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the first polarizer 21 has a first absorption axis P1; the second polarizer 22 is located between the display component 2 and the viewing angle dimming component 3, and the second polarizer 22 has a second absorption axis P2, and the second absorption axis P2 is perpendicular to the first absorption axis P1; the third polarizer 23 is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component 3 facing away from the display component 2, and the third polarizer 23 has a third absorption axis P3, and the third absorption axis P3 is parallel to the second absorption axis P2.

[0200] By arranging two polarizers with absorption axes perpendicular to each other on both sides of the liquid crystal display component 53, the light output brightness of the display component 2 can be controlled based on the cooperation of the two polarizers, thereby controlling the display image of the display component 2. By making the absorption axes of the polarizers on both sides of the viewing angle dimming component 3 parallel to each other, the two polarizers can cooperate with each other to achieve sharing and anti-peeping effects. The specific working principle will be described in detail in conjunction with the subsequent embodiments.

[0201] In one embodiment, Fig.54 As shown, Fig.54 This is another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The first liquid crystal 9 is a positive liquid crystal, specifically a single optical axis positive liquid crystal. The pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal 9 is A1, 0°≤A1≤10°, that is, in the initial state of the first liquid crystal, the optical axis of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located have an angle of 0° to 10°. The viewing angle dimming component 3 also includes a first alignment film 27 and a second alignment film 28. The first alignment film 27 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing the display component 2, and the second alignment film 28 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the display component 2. The alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are the same, and the alignment direction is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2, and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

[0202] The light transmitted along the normal viewing direction through the second polarizer 22 is the first linear polarized light W1 , and the light transmitted along the oblique viewing direction is the second linear polarized light W2 . The polarization directions of the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 are both parallel to the second absorption axis P2 .

[0203] Combination Fig. 20 When the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state: the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is the pre-tilt angle A1, and the first liquid crystal 9 is close to a flat state. In this mode, the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 are both emitted through the third polarizer 23, and have high light output brightness at both normal viewing angles and oblique viewing angles, without brightness loss.

[0204] Combination Fig.21When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered to generate a vertical electric field, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state: since the first liquid crystal 9 is a positive liquid crystal, the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 rotates in a direction parallel to the direction of the electric field, that is, it rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located. The angle between the optical axis P of the rotated first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, B>A1, and B≠90°. In this mode, the first linear polarized light W1 can be emitted through the third polarizer 23, and there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle. The polarization state of the second linear polarized light W2 changes after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, so that the polarization direction of the second linear polarized light W2 is no longer parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3, resulting in the second linear polarized light W2 being unable to be emitted through the third polarizer 23, thereby reducing the brightness of the oblique viewing angle.

[0205] The specific analysis process has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0206] It can be seen that based on the structure of the above-mentioned viewing angle dimming component 3, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control the brightness at the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle to not produce brightness attenuation, so that both the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle have a larger light output brightness, thereby improving the user's viewing experience at a large viewing angle. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control only the brightness of the light output at the oblique viewing angle to attenuate to achieve the anti-peeping effect, but does not attenuate the brightness of the light output at the normal viewing angle, so that there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle, so compared with the existing technology, the effect is better and the user experience is better.

[0207] In a feasible implementation, A1=0°, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is in a completely flat state in the initial state, which can avoid the brightness attenuation in the sharing mode to a greater extent. Alternatively, in another feasible implementation, 0°<A1≤10°, so that when the display module switches from the sharing mode to the anti-peeping mode, the first liquid crystal 9 can rotate based on A1, and can rotate to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode more quickly.

[0208] Or, in another embodiment, Fig.55 As shown, Fig.55This is another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The first liquid crystal 9 is a negative liquid crystal, specifically a single optical axis negative liquid crystal. The pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal 9 is A2, 85°≤A2≤95°, that is, in the initial state of the first liquid crystal, the optical axis of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located have an angle of 85° to 95°. The viewing angle dimming component 3 also includes a first alignment film 27 and a second alignment film 28. The first alignment film 27 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing the display component 2, and the second alignment film 28 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal 9 facing away from the display component 2. The alignment directions of the first alignment film 27 and the second alignment film 28 are the same, and the alignment direction is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis P2, and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

[0209] Combination Fig.23 When the display module is in the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state (initial state): the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is the pre-tilt angle A2, and the first liquid crystal 9 is close to an upright state. The polarization directions of the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 do not change after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and are still parallel to the second absorption axis P2 and the third absorption axis P3. Therefore, the first linear polarized light W1 and the second linear polarized light W2 are both emitted through the third polarizer 23, and have high light output brightness under both normal and oblique viewing angles, without brightness loss.

[0210] Combination Fig.24 When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered to generate a vertical electric field, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a narrow viewing angle filtering state: since the first liquid crystal 9 is a negative liquid crystal, the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 rotates in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field, that is, it rotates relative to the plane where the display module is located. The angle between the optical axis P of the rotated first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, B<A2, and B≠0°. The first linearly polarized light W1 can be emitted through the third polarizer 23, and there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle. The polarization state of the second linearly polarized light W2 changes after passing through the first liquid crystal 9, and it cannot be emitted through the third polarizer 23, thereby reducing the brightness of the oblique angle output light.

[0211] The specific analysis process has been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0212] It can be seen that based on the structure of the above-mentioned viewing angle dimming component 3, when the display module is in the sharing mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control the brightness at the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle to not attenuate, so that both the normal viewing angle and the oblique viewing angle have a larger light output brightness, thereby improving the user's viewing experience at a large viewing angle. When the display module is in the anti-peeping mode, the viewing angle dimming component 3 can control only the light output brightness at the oblique viewing angle to attenuate to achieve the anti-peeping effect, but does not attenuate the light output brightness at the normal viewing angle, so that there is no brightness loss at the normal viewing angle, and the light output brightness is greater.

[0213] In a feasible implementation, A2=90°, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is in a completely upright state in the initial state, and the brightness attenuation in the sharing mode is avoided to a greater extent. Alternatively, in another feasible implementation, 85°≤A2≤95° and A2≠90°, so that when the display module is switched from the sharing mode to the anti-peeping mode, the first liquid crystal 9 can be rotated based on A2, and can be rotated to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode more quickly.

[0214] In one embodiment, see again Fig.21 and Fig.24 When the first liquid crystal 9 is in the narrow viewing angle filtering state, the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is B, 40°≤B≤50°. At this time, the angle between the optical axis P of the first liquid crystal 9 and the plane where the display module is located is close to 45°, and the influence of the first liquid crystal 9 on the optical properties of the second linear polarized light W2 under the oblique viewing angle tends to be the largest. The polarization state of the second polarized light after passing through the first liquid crystal 9 is changed to a greater extent, so that more second polarized light cannot be emitted through the third polarizer 23, further increasing the brightness attenuation under the oblique viewing angle and improving the anti-peeping effect.

[0215] Furthermore, B=45°, so as to minimize the brightness of light at oblique angles in the anti-peeping mode.

[0216] In one embodiment, see again Fig.51 , the liquid crystal display component 53 includes a second liquid crystal 14; in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is d1, the cell thickness of the second liquid crystal 14 is d2, and d1>d2.

[0217] If the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is small, in the anti-peeping mode, the phase delay efficiency of the light wave decomposed by the second linear polarized light W2 at an oblique angle when passing through the first liquid crystal 9 is small, resulting in insignificant brightness attenuation at an oblique angle. However, by making the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 greater than the cell thickness of the second liquid crystal 14, the phase delay efficiency of the second linear polarized light W2 can be improved, so that the brightness attenuation at an oblique angle is greater, and the anti-peeping effect is more significant.

[0218] In one embodiment, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is d1, and 5 μm≤d1≤8 μm.

[0219] By setting the minimum cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 to 5 μm, the first liquid crystal 9 can have a sufficient cell thickness, thereby ensuring that the first liquid crystal 9 has a greater influence on the polarization state of the second linear polarized light W2 at an oblique viewing angle, and further increasing the brightness attenuation at an oblique viewing angle. By setting the maximum cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 to 8 μm, it is possible to avoid excessive cell thickness, so that the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 is approximately equal to the thickness of a half wave plate, which can achieve a better anti-peeping effect and avoid affecting the overall thickness of the display module.

[0220] In one embodiment, see again Fig.51 and Fig.52 , in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 respectively cover the first liquid crystal 9. At this time, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are planar electrodes respectively. After the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are powered, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 can form a more uniformly distributed vertical electric field in the liquid crystal box of the first liquid crystal 9. The first liquid crystal 9 in each area can be rotated to the angle required for anti-peeping under the action of the vertical electric field, and the control accuracy of the first liquid crystal 9 is higher.

[0221] Or, in another embodiment, see again Fig.26 and Fig. 27 The first electrode 8 includes at least one first sub-electrode 29, the first sub-electrode 29 includes a first main electrode strip 30 and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips 31 connected to the first main electrode strip 30 and arranged in parallel, and the second electrode 10 covers the first liquid crystal 9 in a plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21. At this time, the second electrode 10 is a planar electrode and the first electrode 8 is a grid electrode.

[0222] Alternatively, see again Fig.28 and Fig.29 In the plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21, the first electrode 8 covers the first liquid crystal 9, the second electrode 10 includes at least one second sub-electrode 32, the second sub-electrode 32 includes a second main electrode strip 33 and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips 34 connected to the second main electrode strip 33 and arranged in parallel. At this time, the first electrode 8 is a planar electrode and the second electrode 10 is a grid electrode.

[0223] When one of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 is a planar electrode and the other is a grid electrode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 will also form a relatively uniform vertical electric field after being energized, and the first liquid crystal 9 rotates under the action of the vertical electric field, thereby adjusting the optical properties of the second linear polarized light W2 under an oblique viewing angle. In addition, by setting one of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 as a grid electrode, there are gaps between the tooth electrode strips of the grid electrode, so that the degree of light blocking is small, thereby improving the light emission rate of the display module.

[0224] Or, in another embodiment, see again Fig.31 and Fig.32 , the first electrode 8 includes at least one first sub-electrode 29, the first sub-electrode 29 includes a first main electrode strip 30 and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips 31 connected to the first main electrode strip 30 and arranged in parallel, the second electrode 10 includes at least one second sub-electrode 32, the second sub-electrode 32 includes a second main electrode strip 33 and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips 34 connected to the second main electrode strip 33 and arranged in parallel; in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first polarizer 21 is located, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 at least partially overlap. At this time, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are respectively grid electrodes. By making the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 at least partially overlap, the area facing the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 can be increased, forming a stronger and more uniform vertical electric field, thereby improving the rotation accuracy of the first liquid crystal 9.

[0225] Alternatively, see again Fig.30 and Fig.31 In the plane direction perpendicular to the first polarizer 21, the multiple first tooth electrode strips 31 of the first electrode 8 and the multiple second tooth electrode strips 34 of the second electrode 10 are interlocked with each other, so that the tooth electrode strips of the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are staggered with each other, the electrodes block less light, and the light emission rate of the display module is improved.

[0226] In one embodiment, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are light-transmitting electrodes to reduce the shielding of light by the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10. Exemplarily, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are respectively formed of light-transmitting conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0227] In one embodiment, Fig.56 As shown, Fig.56 FIG. 1 is another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The display module further includes a backlight component 1. The backlight component 1 is located on the side of the liquid crystal display component 53 facing away from the viewing angle dimming component 3. The backlight component 1 includes a light guide plate 54 and a light source 55. The light source can be bottom-emitting or can be a Fig.56When the display module displays a picture, the light source 55 is turned on, and the light emitted by the light source 55 is transmitted in the light guide plate 54 and emitted through the top of the light guide plate 54 , and then emitted into the liquid crystal display component 53 .

[0228] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for driving a display module, the method for driving the display module is used to drive the display module. Fig.51 and Fig.52 , the display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode, such as Fig.57 As shown, Fig.57 Another flow chart of a driving method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the driving method includes:

[0229] Step K1: In the sharing mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 are not powered, and the first liquid crystal 9 is in a wide viewing angle filtering state.

[0230] Step K2: In the anti-peep mode, the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10 drive the first liquid crystal 9 to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, wherein V=5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 10, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

[0231] Combined with the analysis of the above embodiments, by using the driving method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the display module can switch between wide and narrow viewing angles according to different application scenarios. Moreover, when the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal 9 in the display module is designed to be a fixed value, the pressure difference matching the cell thickness can be obtained according to the formula, so that the first liquid crystal 9 is driven by the electric field formed by the pressure difference to rotate to the angle required for the anti-peeping mode, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect.

[0232] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, such as Fig.58 and Fig.59 As shown, Fig.58 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.59 Another structural schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the display device includes: Figures 1 to 49 The display module 100 shown, or, as shown Figure 51 to Figure 56 The display module 100 shown in FIG. The specific structure of the display module 100 has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0233] It should be noted that the display device can be an electronic display device such as a vehicle-mounted display screen, a mobile phone, a computer or a television. When the liquid crystal display device is used as a vehicle-mounted display screen, it can be used in vehicles such as automobiles, high-speed trains, submarines, ships or airplanes. Taking the application of the liquid crystal display device in a car as an example, the display device can be an independent inherent structure in the car, or it can be integrated with other structures in the car, such as integrated with the front windshield or integrated with the table surface around the instrument panel, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.

[0234] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a means of transportation, such as Fig.60 As shown, Fig.60 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle includes the above-mentioned display device, wherein: Fig.60 The transportation means shown is for schematic illustration only, and the transportation means may be a car, a high-speed train, a submarine, a ship or an airplane, etc.

[0235] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0236] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: It includes a liquid crystal display component and a viewing angle dimming component, wherein the viewing angle dimming component is located on the light emitting direction side of the liquid crystal display component toward the display module, wherein: The viewing angle dimming component includes a first electrode, a first liquid crystal located on a side of the first electrode facing away from the liquid crystal display component, and a second electrode located on a side of the first liquid crystal facing away from the display component; The display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode; In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state; In the anti-peep mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, wherein V=5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module also includes: A first polarizer, located on a side of the display component facing away from the viewing angle dimming component, the first polarizer having a first absorption axis; A second polarizer, located between the display component and the viewing angle dimming component, the second polarizer having a second absorption axis, and the second absorption axis is perpendicular to the first absorption axis; The third polarizer is located on the side of the viewing angle dimming component facing away from the display component. The third polarizer has a third absorption axis, and the third absorption axis is parallel to the second absorption axis.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid crystal is a positive liquid crystal, and the pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal is A1, 0°≤A1≤10°; The viewing angle dimming component also includes a first alignment film and a second alignment film, the first alignment film is located on the side of the first liquid crystal facing the display component, and the second alignment film is located on the side of the first liquid crystal facing away from the display component, the first alignment film and the second alignment film have the same alignment direction, and the alignment direction is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

4. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid crystal is a negative liquid crystal, and the pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal is A2, 85°≤A2≤95°; The viewing angle dimming component also includes a first alignment film and a second alignment film, the first alignment film is located on the side of the first liquid crystal facing the display component, and the second alignment film is located on the side of the first liquid crystal facing away from the display component, the first alignment film and the second alignment film have the same alignment direction, and the alignment direction is parallel or perpendicular to the second absorption axis and parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the display module.

5. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first liquid crystal is in the narrow viewing angle filtering state, the angle between the optical axis of the first liquid crystal and the plane where the display module is located is B, and 40°≤B≤50°.

6. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: B＝45°。 7. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal display component includes a second liquid crystal; In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal is d1, the cell thickness of the second liquid crystal is d2, and d1>d2.

8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the cell thickness of the first liquid crystal is d1, and 5μm≤d1≤8μm.

9. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the first electrode and the second electrode respectively cover the first liquid crystal.

10. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode includes at least one first sub-electrode, the first sub-electrode includes a first main electrode strip and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips connected to the first main electrode strip and arranged in parallel, and the second electrode covers the first liquid crystal in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first polarizer is located; Alternatively, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first polarizer is located, the first electrode covers the first liquid crystal, the second electrode includes at least one second sub-electrode, and the second sub-electrode includes a second main electrode strip and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips connected to the second main electrode strip and arranged in parallel.

11. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode comprises at least one first sub-electrode, the first sub-electrode comprises a first main electrode strip and a plurality of first tooth electrode strips connected to the first main electrode strip and arranged in parallel, the second electrode comprises at least one second sub-electrode, the second sub-electrode comprises a second main electrode strip and a plurality of second tooth electrode strips connected to the second main electrode strip and arranged in parallel; In a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first polarizer is located, the first electrode and the second electrode at least partially overlap; Alternatively, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first polarizer is located, a plurality of the first-toothed electrode strips of the first electrode and a plurality of the second-toothed electrode strips of the second electrode are interlocked with each other.

12. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode and the second electrode are light-transmitting electrodes.

13. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module also includes a backlight component, which is located on a side of the liquid crystal display component facing away from the viewing angle dimming component, and includes a light guide plate and a light source.

14. A method for driving a display module, characterized in that: Used to drive the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the display module has a sharing mode and an anti-peeping mode, and the driving method comprises: In the sharing mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are not powered, and the first liquid crystal is in a wide viewing angle filtering state; In the anti-peep mode, the first electrode and the second electrode drive the first liquid crystal to be in a narrow viewing angle filtering state, wherein V=5.095-1.479×((ln(Δε)-ln(d1)+1)), V is the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, Δε is the difference between the dielectric constant ε / / and the dielectric constant ε⊥, and d1 is the box thickness of the first liquid crystal in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located.

15. A display device, characterized in that: It comprises the display module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. A means of transport, characterized in that: Comprising the display device as claimed in claim 15.

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