Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving survival rate of cultured shrimps and crabs as well as production process and application of traditional Chinese medicine preparation
By developing a traditional Chinese medicine preparation containing Chinese herbal medicine, shanxiangyuan and gentian extract, the drug resistance, environmental pollution and shrimp and crab growth caused by the use of chemical drugs in traditional breeding technology was solved, and the effect of improving the survival rate and growth performance of shrimp and crabs was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411709867.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
AI Technical Summary
Frequent use of chemical drugs in traditional breeding technology causes pathogens to develop resistance, severe environmental pollution, and improper use will cause harm to the growth and development of shrimps and crabs.
A Chinese medicine preparation is developed, including 50-70% mixed Chinese herbal extract, 20-25% Shanxiangyuan extract and a remaining gentian extract, which is prepared by alcohol extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, and is used to improve the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs.
It effectively reduces the risk of environmental pollution, inhibits the growth of bacteria in the aquaculture water, improves the immunity and stress resistance of shrimp and crabs, and significantly improves the survival rate and growth performance of shrimp and crabs.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of veterinary drug compositions, and in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of cultured shrimps and crabs, and a production process and application thereof. Background Art
[0003] In traditional breeding technology, chemical drugs are usually added to the breeding water to achieve the purpose of disinfecting the water, preventing diseases and controlling harmful organisms. In terms of disease prevention, antibiotics are added to the water to prevent and treat bacterial diseases of shrimps and crabs.
[0004] However, frequent addition of chemicals to aquaculture water can cause pathogens to develop drug resistance. Over time, the originally effective drugs will gradually become ineffective. Moreover, wastewater containing chemicals will cause irreversible pollution to the environment after discharge, especially wastewater containing antibiotics, which will seriously damage the ecological balance. In addition, the dosage and timing of chemical use are extremely critical. If used improperly, it will cause harm to growing shrimps and crabs and affect their growth and development process. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a solution to improve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of cultured shrimps and crabs, and a production process and application thereof.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of shrimps and crabs in culture, which comprises, by mass percentage: 50-70% of a mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines, 20-25% of a scutellaria baicalensis extract, and the remainder of a gentian extract;
[0007] The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract comprises: extracting astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle in extraction ethanol and then concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract;
[0008] The preparation method of the extract of the scutellaria baicalensis comprises: extracting the scutellaria baicalensis leaves with alcohol, separating the fractions in a macroporous adsorption resin column, and concentrating the fractions by rotary evaporation to obtain the scutellaria baicalensis extract;
[0009] The preparation method of the gentian extract comprises: extracting gentian powder with alcohol and separating the alcohol extract from alcohol residue, extracting the alcohol residue with supercritical fluid and separating the extract, combining the extract and the alcohol extract for rotary evaporation concentration to obtain the gentian extract.
[0010] Optionally, the method for preparing the Herba Cynanchifoliae extract comprises the following steps:
[0011] The dried and crushed leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis are subjected to percolation extraction using a first ethanol;
[0012] The percolate was collected and extracted with ethyl acetate and then the extract was separated;
[0013] The extract is eluted with a macroporous adsorption resin column using an ethanol solution with a gradient concentration, and the fractions eluted with the 50%-70% volume ethanol solution are combined as an eluent;
[0014] The eluate was concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain the Herba Cynanchum wilfordii extract.
[0015] Optionally, the moisture content of the dried and crushed Scutellaria baicalensis leaves is 10-15%.
[0016] Optionally, the dried and crushed Fructus serrata leaves are passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve.
[0017] Optionally, during the percolation extraction, the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis is (5-8):1.
[0018] Optionally, when ethyl acetate is used for extraction, the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to percolate is 1:(3-5).
[0019] Optionally, when the extract is eluted on the macroporous adsorption column using an ethanol solution with a gradient concentration, the volume gradient of the ethanol solution with a gradient concentration includes 5%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% in sequence.
[0020] Optionally, when the extract is eluted on the macroporous adsorption column using ethanol solutions of gradient concentrations, the elution volume of the ethanol solution of each concentration is 5-6 times the column volume.
[0021] Optionally, the macroporous adsorption column includes one of HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, D101 macroporous adsorption resin column, HPD100 macroporous adsorption resin column, and AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin.
[0022] Optionally, the preparation method of the gentian extract comprises the following steps:
[0023] The dried gentian powder is extracted in a second ethanol at 40-50° C. for 10-12 hours, and then the ethanol extract and the ethanol residue are separated;
[0024] Using carbon dioxide as a supercritical fluid, supercritically extracting the alcohol extraction residue at 20-30MPa and 40-50°C, and then separating the extract;
[0025] The extract and the alcohol extract were combined and concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain the gentian extract.
[0026] Optionally, the moisture content of the dried gentian powder is 10-15%.
[0027] Optionally, the dried gentian powder is passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve.
[0028] Optionally, the mass ratio of the gentian powder to the second ethanol is 1:(8-10).
[0029] Optionally, the dried gentian powder is added into a second ethanol and heated to 40-50° C. at a microwave power of 300-400 W.
[0030] Optionally, after separating the alcohol extract, the alcohol extract residue is rinsed with anhydrous ethanol and the rinse liquid and the alcohol extract are combined.
[0031] Optionally, separation of the alcohol extract and the alcohol extraction residue includes using one of filtration separation and suction filtration separation.
[0032] Optionally, when carbon dioxide is used as the supercritical fluid, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 20-30 L / h.
[0033] Optionally, the supercritical extraction includes static extraction and dynamic extraction. In the static extraction, the supercritical carbon dioxide is brought into static contact with the alcohol extraction residue. In the dynamic extraction, the supercritical carbon dioxide is brought into dynamic contact with the alcohol extraction residue at a flow rate of 20-30 L / h.
[0034] Optionally, supercritical extraction is performed for 2-3 h.
[0035] Optionally, ultrasound assistance is performed during supercritical extraction of the alcohol-extracted residue, and the ultrasound frequency is 20-50 kHz.
[0036] Optionally, the method for preparing the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following steps:
[0037] Astragalus, Chinese angelica, Codonopsis and honeysuckle are dried, crushed and mixed to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder;
[0038] The mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is heated and extracted in extraction ethanol to separate the Chinese herbal medicine extract;
[0039] The Chinese herbal medicine extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract.
[0040] Optionally, the mass ratio of Astragalus, Angelica, Codonopsis and Honeysuckle is 5:(1-3):(1-2):(1-2).
[0041] Optionally, the water content of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder is 15-20%.
[0042] Optionally, the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder is passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve.
[0043] Optionally, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder to the extraction ethanol is 1:(8-10).
[0044] Optionally, the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is extracted in ethanol at 40-50° C. under microwave heating.
[0045] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing any of the above-mentioned optional Chinese medicine preparations, comprising the following steps: ball-milling and blending the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract, the Rhizoma Cyperi extract and the Gentiana scabra extract to obtain the Chinese medicine preparation.
[0046] The third invention is that the present invention also provides the use of any of the above optional Chinese medicine preparations in shrimp and crab farming, wherein the amount of the Chinese medicine preparation added to the shrimp and crab farming pond is 0.5-0.8 kg / m 3 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the common meanings understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.
[0048] The present invention provides a Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of shrimps and crabs in culture, which comprises, by mass percentage, 50-70% of a mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines, 20-25% of a safflower extract and the remainder of a gentian extract. In fact, by using pure Chinese herbal medicine ingredients, the harm to the environment caused by the use of chemical drugs can be effectively reduced, and the growth of bacteria in the culture water can be inhibited, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of shrimps and crabs with high density in the culture water, and preventing bacteria from developing drug resistance.
[0049] Specifically, the preparation method of the mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines comprises: extracting astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle in extraction ethanol and then concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain the mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines. In fact, by subjecting astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle to alcohol extraction, the effective active ingredients in astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle can be dissolved, and the mixing uniformity of the ingredients in astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle can be promoted to achieve a good mixing effect, thereby enhancing the immunity of farmed shrimps and crabs in the farm water, promoting the growth and development of shrimps and crabs, and improving the anti-stress effect of shrimps and crabs.
[0050] In fact, Astragalus extract contains a variety of active ingredients that can effectively stimulate the immune system of shrimps and crabs, thereby improving their disease resistance and resistance to pathogens and bacteria. In addition, Astragalus extract can also regulate the metabolism of shrimps and crabs, thereby promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrients, thereby improving their survival ability.
[0051] In fact, after angelica extract is ingested by shrimps and crabs in the aquaculture water, it can enhance the anti-stress ability of farmed shrimps and crabs. Therefore, when the water quality of the aquaculture water fluctuates, it can regulate the physiological responses of shrimps and crabs, thereby avoiding stress responses of shrimps and crabs. At the same time, it can maintain the normal physiological activity of farmed shrimps and crabs when encountering diseases, and increase the supply of oxygen and nutrients to shrimps and crabs, thereby effectively improving the physical fitness of shrimps and crabs and increasing their survival rate.
[0052] In fact, after Codonopsis pilosula extract is ingested by shrimps and crabs in the aquaculture water, it can effectively promote the digestive ability of farmed shrimps and crabs, thereby assisting shrimps and crabs to efficiently absorb nutrients in the aquaculture feed, thereby improving the physical fitness of shrimps and crabs, and effectively enhancing the vitality of shrimps and crabs, thereby resisting diseases and increasing the survival rate of shrimps and crabs.
[0053] In fact, honeysuckle extract contains a variety of active polyphenols with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens in the aquaculture water during the breeding process, thereby avoiding the diseases caused by pathogens to shrimps and crabs. At the same time, honeysuckle extract also has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, which can help shrimps and crabs metabolize, thereby improving the adaptability of shrimps and crabs to water quality fluctuations in the aquaculture water.
[0054] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines comprises the following steps:
[0055] Z1, drying astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle, and then crushing and mixing to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder;
[0056] Z2, heating and extracting the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder in extraction ethanol to separate the Chinese herbal medicine extract;
[0057] Z3. The Chinese herbal medicine extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain a mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract.
[0058] In fact, when executing step Z1, the water content can be effectively reduced by drying astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle, and the crushing process can greatly increase the specific surface area, thereby improving the dissolution efficiency of the active ingredients therein. In addition, after mixing, the mixing uniformity of astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle can be improved, and then after extraction, the active ingredients from different sources can be uniformly compounded.
[0059] Specifically, the water content of the Chinese herbal mixture is 15-20%, and the astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle are dried and crushed, and then passed through a 50-65 mesh screen to obtain the Chinese herbal mixture powder. In this way, by controlling the water content and particle size of the Chinese herbal mixture, the extraction efficiency of the Chinese herbal mixture during alcohol extraction can be effectively improved.
[0060] Specifically, when performing step Z1, the mass ratio of astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle is 5:(1-3):(1-2):(1-2). In fact, astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle are all fresh weight. The activity of the active ingredients in them can be effectively guaranteed by selecting fresh astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle. In addition, by adjusting the mass ratio of the four Chinese herbal medicines, the purpose of regulating the active ingredients in the mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines can be achieved, thereby improving the synergistic effect of astragalus extract, angelica extract, codonopsis extract and honeysuckle extract.
[0061] In some embodiments, when executing step Z1, astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle can be dried and crushed separately, and then the astragalus powder, angelica powder, codonopsis powder and honeysuckle powder are mixed to prepare a Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder; astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle can also be dried and ground uniformly.
[0062] In fact, when performing step Z2, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder to the extraction ethanol is 1:(8-10). Specifically, when using the extraction ethanol to extract the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder, the extraction ethanol can be a mixed solution of ethanol and water with a volume fraction of 50-70%, which is conducive to the extraction of active substances such as flavonoids and saponins in Astragalus, Angelica, Codonopsis and Honeysuckle. In addition, by controlling the amount of extraction ethanol, the diffusion rate of the effective ingredients can be increased.
[0063] In some embodiments, when performing step Z2, the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is extracted in extraction ethanol at 40-50° C. under microwave heating. In fact, heating the extraction ethanol with microwaves can promote the rapid movement of polar molecules in a microwave environment, thereby heating from the inside, thereby improving temperature uniformity, and at the same time can improve the activity of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder, destroy plant cell walls and promote the release of effective ingredients, thereby improving extraction efficiency.
[0064] In some embodiments, when executing step Z3, the solid active ingredients precipitated from the Chinese herbal extract can be obtained by performing rotary evaporation concentration on the Chinese herbal extract, thereby facilitating subsequent processing. In addition, the storage space can be reduced, which is convenient for transportation. At the same time, the rotary evaporation concentration can remove low-boiling point impurities and solvents, thereby improving the purity of the solid active ingredients.
[0065] Specifically, the preparation method of the extract of the Chinese yew vine includes: extracting the leaves of the Chinese yew vine with alcohol, separating the fractions in a macroporous adsorption resin column, and concentrating the fractions by rotary evaporation to obtain the Chinese yew vine extract. In fact, by extracting the leaves of the Chinese yew vine with alcohol and separating them with a macroporous adsorption column, the substances with biologically active components in the leaves of the Chinese yew vine can be precipitated, and after being added to the aquaculture water and ingested by shrimps and crabs, they have the effects of enhancing immunity and promoting growth and repair.
[0066] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the Herba Cynanchifoliae extract comprises the following steps:
[0067] S1, using the first ethanol to perform percolation extraction on the dried and crushed Scutellaria baicalensis leaves;
[0068] S2, collecting the percolate, extracting it with ethyl acetate and separating the extract;
[0069] S3, eluting the extract on the macroporous adsorption resin column with a gradient concentration of ethanol solution, and combining the elution fractions after elution with 50%-70% volume of ethanol solution as the eluent;
[0070] S4, concentrating the eluate by rotary evaporation to obtain the Psoralea corylifolia extract.
[0071] In fact, when executing step S1, the moisture content of the dried and crushed safflower leaves is 10-15%. By drying the safflower leaves, the concentration of active ingredients in the safflower leaves can be effectively increased, which is conducive to precipitation in the percolation extraction. Specifically, the dried and crushed safflower leaves are passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve, which is conducive to ensuring the consistency of the safflower leaf powder during the percolation extraction process.
[0072] In fact, when executing step S1, the first ethanol is used to perform percolation extraction on the leaves of the Coleus chinensis. The dynamic extraction method can maintain a large concentration difference between the Coleus chinensis leaves and the first ethanol, which is conducive to the penetration of the active ingredients in the Coleus chinensis leaves into the first ethanol. In addition, during the percolation extraction process, the first ethanol can penetrate into the Coleus chinensis leaves and dissolve the alcohol-soluble components in them, which can effectively improve the extraction efficiency. Specifically, the first ethanol is an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 50-70%, and the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the Coleus chinensis leaves is (5-8):1.
[0073] In some embodiments, when performing step S2, when ethyl acetate is used to extract the percolation liquid, the concentration of the effective components can be effectively increased, and the highly polar impurities such as sugars and proteins in the percolation liquid can be removed. In addition, the effective components can be enriched and concentrated, which is beneficial for subsequent processing. Specifically, the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to percolation liquid is 1:(3-5).
[0074] Specifically, when performing step S3 for gradient elution, the volume gradient of the gradient concentration ethanol solution includes 5%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% in sequence. In this way, different active ingredients can be separated according to the solubility differences of different ingredients, so that the complex components in the extract of the leaves of the safflower can be separated more finely, and the mutual interference between the components can be reduced, thereby improving the selectivity of the separation and the effect of the separated fractions.
[0075] In some embodiments, when performing step S3 for gradient elution, the elution volume of each concentration of ethanol solution is 5-6 times of the column volume. In fact, the macroporous adsorption column used in the gradient elution includes one of HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, D101 macroporous adsorption resin column, HPD100 macroporous adsorption resin column, and AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin.
[0076] Specifically, the preparation method of the gentian extract comprises: extracting the gentian powder with alcohol, separating the alcohol extract and the alcohol residue, extracting the alcohol residue with supercritical fluid, separating the extract, combining the extract and the alcohol extract, and concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain the gentian extract. In fact, by extracting the gentian powder with alcohol, the alcohol-soluble biologically active components therein can be extracted, and then the alcohol residue is subjected to supercritical fluid extraction, and the active components such as gentiopicroside in the alcohol residue can be further dissolved and extracted, thereby increasing the types and contents of the active components in the gentian extract.
[0077] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the gentian extract comprises the following steps:
[0078] L1, extracting the dried gentian powder in a second ethanol at 40-50° C. for 10-12 hours, and then separating the alcohol extract and the alcohol residue;
[0079] L2, using carbon dioxide as a supercritical fluid, supercritically extracting the alcohol extraction residue at 20-30MPa and 40-50°C and then separating the extract;
[0080] L3. The extract and the alcohol extract are combined and concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain the gentian extract.
[0081] Specifically, when performing step L1, the moisture content of the dried gentian powder is 10-15%, and it passes through a 50-65 mesh sieve, which is beneficial to increase the concentration of the active ingredient in the gentian powder, thereby facilitating alcohol extraction.
[0082] In some embodiments, when performing step L1, the mass ratio of gentian powder to the second ethanol is 1:(8-10), and the dried gentian powder is added to the second ethanol and heated to 40-50° C. at a microwave power of 300-400 W. By subjecting the gentian powder to microwave heating, the activity of the active ingredient in the gentian powder can be effectively improved, thereby facilitating its dissolution into the second ethanol.
[0083] In some embodiments, when performing step L1, after separating the alcohol extract, the alcohol extract residue is rinsed with anhydrous ethanol and the rinse liquid and the alcohol extract are combined, so that the active ingredients attached to the alcohol extract residue can be washed out, thereby increasing the content of the active ingredients in the alcohol extract.
[0084] In some embodiments, when performing step L1, separation of the alcohol extract and the alcohol extraction residue includes using one of filtration separation and suction filtration separation.
[0085] In some embodiments, when carbon dioxide is used as the supercritical fluid in step L2, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 20-30 L / h. Specifically, supercritical extraction is performed for 2-3 hours.
[0086] In some embodiments, the supercritical extraction performed in step L2 includes static extraction and dynamic extraction. In static extraction, the supercritical carbon dioxide is statically contacted with the alcohol extraction residue, and in dynamic extraction, the supercritical carbon dioxide is dynamically contacted with the alcohol extraction residue at a flow rate of 20-30 L / h. Specifically, when performing supercritical extraction on the alcohol extraction residue in step L2, 20-50 kHz ultrasonic assistance is performed.
[0087] The present invention also provides a production process of the Chinese medicine preparation in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: ball milling and blending the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract, the Herba Cynoglossi extract and the Herba Gentianae extract to obtain the Chinese medicine preparation. In fact, ball milling can effectively improve the mixing uniformity of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract, the Herba Cynoglossi extract and the Herba Gentianae extract, thereby achieving a good synergistic effect.
[0088] Specifically, the present invention also provides the use of the Chinese medicine preparation in any of the above embodiments in shrimp and crab farming. When used, the Chinese medicine preparation can be mixed with the daily feed of shrimp and crab, or the Chinese medicine preparation can be directly thrown into the aquaculture water. Specifically, the amount of the Chinese medicine preparation added to the shrimp and crab aquaculture water is 0.5-0.8 kg / m 3 Specifically, the Chinese medicine preparation provided by the present invention can be prepared into different dosage forms such as powder, granule, aqueous solution, solid, liquid, etc. by conventional techniques.
[0089] Preparation Example 1
[0090] This preparation example 1 provides a method for preparing a Psoralea corylifolia extract, comprising the following steps:
[0091] S1. Dry the freshly picked Cyperus rotundus leaves under hot air at 60° C. to a moisture content of 13%, grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain Cyperus rotundus leaf powder; transfer the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder to a percolation barrel, and use a first ethanol (ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 60%) to perform percolation extraction on the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder, wherein the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder is 7:1;
[0092] S2, collecting the percolate and concentrating it under reduced pressure to 1 / 2 of the original volume of the percolate, using ethyl acetate 4 times the original volume of the percolate for oscillation extraction, standing at room temperature to separate the ethyl acetate extract;
[0093] S3, the ethyl acetate extract was loaded into a HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column (purchased from DIAION, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Japan). TM HP20), sequentially using a volume gradient of 5% ethanol aqueous solution, 15% ethanol aqueous solution, 20% ethanol aqueous solution, 30% ethanol aqueous solution, 40% ethanol aqueous solution, 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 60% ethanol aqueous solution, 70% ethanol aqueous solution, 80% ethanol aqueous solution, and 90% ethanol aqueous solution to gradient elute the ethyl acetate extract, the elution volume of each concentration of ethanol aqueous solution being 5 times the volume of the HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, and collecting the fractions corresponding to 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 60% ethanol aqueous solution, and 70% ethanol aqueous solution and combining them into an eluent;
[0094] S4. The eluate is concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like Aralia dasyphylla extract paste, and the Aralia dasyphylla extract paste is then transferred to a 60° C. vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain the Aralia dasyphylla extract.
[0095] Preparation Example 2
[0096] This preparation example 2 provides a method for preparing a Psoralea corylifolia extract, comprising the following steps:
[0097] S1. Dry the freshly picked Cyperus rotundus leaves under hot air at 60° C. to a moisture content of 13%, grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain Cyperus rotundus leaf powder; transfer the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder to a percolation barrel, and use a first ethanol (ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 60%) to perform percolation extraction on the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder, wherein the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder is 7:1;
[0098] S2, collecting the percolate and concentrating it under reduced pressure to 1 / 2 of the original volume of the percolate, using ethyl acetate 4 times the original volume of the percolate for oscillation extraction, standing at room temperature to separate the ethyl acetate extract;
[0099] S3, the ethyl acetate extract was loaded into a HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column (purchased from DIAION, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Japan). TM HP20), sequentially using a volume gradient of 5% ethanol aqueous solution, 15% ethanol aqueous solution, 20% ethanol aqueous solution, 30% ethanol aqueous solution, 40% ethanol aqueous solution, 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 60% ethanol aqueous solution, 70% ethanol aqueous solution, 80% ethanol aqueous solution, and 90% ethanol aqueous solution to gradient elute the ethyl acetate extract, the elution volume of each concentration of ethanol aqueous solution being 5 times the volume of the HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, and collecting the fractions corresponding to 30% ethanol aqueous solution, 40% ethanol aqueous solution, and 50% ethanol aqueous solution and combining them into an eluent;
[0100] S4. The eluate is concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like Aralia dasyphylla extract paste, and the Aralia dasyphylla extract paste is then transferred to a 60° C. vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain the Aralia dasyphylla extract.
[0101] Preparation Example 3
[0102] This preparation example 3 provides a method for preparing a Psoralea corylifolia extract, comprising the following steps:
[0103] S1. Dry the freshly picked Cyperus rotundus leaves under hot air at 60° C. to a moisture content of 13%, grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain Cyperus rotundus leaf powder; transfer the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder to a percolation barrel, and use a first ethanol (ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 60%) to perform percolation extraction on the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder, wherein the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the Cyperus rotundus leaf powder is 7:1;
[0104] S2. Collect the percolate and concentrate it under reduced pressure to 1 / 2 of the original volume of the percolate. Use ethyl acetate 4 times the original volume of the percolate for oscillation extraction. Let stand at room temperature to separate the layers and separate the ethyl acetate extract. Concentrate the ethyl acetate extract in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like Aralia dasyphylla extract. Transfer the Aralia dasyphylla extract to a 60°C vacuum drying oven and dry it to constant weight to obtain the Aralia dasyphylla extract.
[0105] Preparation Example 4
[0106] This preparation example 4 provides a method for preparing a gentian extract, comprising the following steps:
[0107] L1. Dry the gentian to a moisture content of 10% under hot air drying at 60° C., grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gentian powder; put the gentian powder into a second ethanol (ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 60%) at a mass ratio of 1:10, ultrasonically mix, apply 300 W microwaves to heat, heat the mixed system of the second ethanol and the gentian powder to 45° C. and keep warm, extract for 8 hours, filter and separate to obtain an alcohol extract and an alcohol residue, rinse the alcohol residue with anhydrous ethanol, and combine the alcohol extract and the rinsing liquid;
[0108] L2. Place the alcohol-extracted residue washed with anhydrous ethanol in a supercritical fluid extraction chamber, replace the atmosphere in the extraction chamber with carbon dioxide, apply 30kHz ultrasonic assistance and perform a static extraction stage, continuously introduce carbon dioxide into the extraction chamber until the air pressure is 25MPa, and heat it to 45°C and keep it warm for 30 minutes, maintain ultrasonic assistance and perform dynamic extraction, adjust supercritical carbon dioxide to be introduced into the extraction chamber at a flow rate of 25L / h for dynamic extraction for 2 hours, and collect the extract;
[0109] L3. The mixture obtained by combining the alcohol extract and the washing liquid is combined with the extraction liquid, and then concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like gentian extract paste, and then the gentian extract paste is transferred to a 60°C vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain the gentian extract.
[0110] Preparation Example 5
[0111] This preparation example 5 provides a method for preparing a gentian extract, comprising the following steps:
[0112] The gentian is dried at 60° C. under hot air drying to a moisture content of 10%, and then ground and crushed and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gentian powder; the gentian powder is added into a second ethanol (ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 60%) at a mass ratio of 1:10 for ultrasonic mixing, and then a 300 W microwave is applied for heating, and the mixed system of the second ethanol and the gentian powder is heated to 45° C. and then kept warm. After leaching for 8 hours, the alcohol extract and the alcohol extraction residue are separated by filtration, the alcohol extraction residue is rinsed with anhydrous ethanol, the alcohol extract and the rinsing liquid are combined, and then concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a gentian extract paste, and then the gentian extract paste is transferred to a 60° C. vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain a gentian extract.
[0113] Preparation Example 6
[0114] This preparation example 6 provides a method for preparing a gentian extract, comprising the following steps:
[0115] After the gentian is dried to a moisture content of 10% under 60°C hot air drying, it is ground and crushed and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain gentian powder, and then the gentian powder is placed in a supercritical fluid extraction chamber. After the atmosphere in the extraction chamber is replaced with carbon dioxide, 30kHz ultrasonic assistance is applied and a static extraction stage is performed. Carbon dioxide is continuously introduced into the extraction chamber until the air pressure is 25MPa, and the temperature is raised to 45°C and kept warm for 30 minutes, and ultrasonic assistance is maintained and dynamic extraction is performed. Supercritical carbon dioxide is adjusted to be introduced into the extraction chamber at a flow rate of 25L / h for dynamic extraction for 2 hours, and the extract is collected and concentrated in a rotary evaporator to obtain a gentian extract paste. The gentian extract paste is then transferred to a 60°C vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain a gentian extract.
[0116] Preparation Example 7
[0117] This preparation example 7 provides a method for preparing a gentian-scented osmanthus extract mixture, comprising the following steps:
[0118] D1. Dry the freshly picked Cyperus rotundus leaves and Gentiana scabra under hot air at 60° C. to a moisture content of 13%, mix the dried Cyperus rotundus leaves and the dried Gentiana scabra in a mass ratio of 1:1, grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder; transfer the mixed powder to a percolation barrel, and use a first ethanol (ethanol-water solution with a volume fraction of 60%) to perform percolation extraction on the mixed powder, and the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the mixed powder is 7:1;
[0119] D2, collecting the percolate and concentrating it under reduced pressure to 1 / 2 of the original volume of the percolate, using ethyl acetate 4 times the original volume of the percolate for oscillation extraction, standing at room temperature to separate the ethyl acetate extract;
[0120] D3, the ethyl acetate extract was loaded into a HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column (purchased from DIAION, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Japan). TM HP20), sequentially using a volume gradient of 5% ethanol aqueous solution, 15% ethanol aqueous solution, 20% ethanol aqueous solution, 30% ethanol aqueous solution, 40% ethanol aqueous solution, 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 60% ethanol aqueous solution, 70% ethanol aqueous solution, 80% ethanol aqueous solution, and 90% ethanol aqueous solution to gradient elute the ethyl acetate extract, the elution volume of each concentration of ethanol aqueous solution being 5 times the volume of the HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, and collecting the fractions corresponding to 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 60% ethanol aqueous solution, and 70% ethanol aqueous solution and combining them into an eluent;
[0121] D4. The eluate was concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like gentian-scented osmanthus extract paste, and then the gentian-scented osmanthus extract paste was transferred to a 60° C. vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain a gentian-scented osmanthus extract mixture.
[0122] Preparation Example 8
[0123] This preparation example 8 provides a method for preparing a gentian-scented osmanthus extract mixture, comprising the following steps:
[0124] D1. Dry the freshly picked Cyperus rotundus leaves and Gentiana scabra under hot air at 60° C. to a moisture content of 13%, mix the dried Cyperus rotundus leaves and the dried Gentiana scabra at a mass ratio of 1:1, grind and crush, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder; put the mixed powder into a second ethanol (ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 60%) at a mass ratio of 1:10 for ultrasonic mixing, apply 300 W microwaves for heating, heat the mixed system of the second ethanol and the mixed powder to 45° C. and keep warm, extract for 8 hours, filter and separate to obtain an alcohol extract and an alcohol residue, rinse the alcohol residue with anhydrous ethanol, and combine the alcohol extract and the rinsing liquid;
[0125] D2. Place the alcohol-extracted residue after washing with anhydrous ethanol in a supercritical fluid extraction chamber, replace the atmosphere in the extraction chamber with carbon dioxide, apply 30kHz ultrasonic assistance and perform a static extraction stage, continuously introduce carbon dioxide into the extraction chamber until the air pressure reaches 25MPa, and heat it to 45°C and keep it warm for 30 minutes, maintain ultrasonic assistance and perform dynamic extraction, adjust supercritical carbon dioxide to be introduced into the extraction chamber at a flow rate of 25L / h for dynamic extraction for 2 hours, and collect the extract;
[0126] D3. The mixture obtained by combining the alcohol extract and the washing liquid is combined with the extraction liquid, and then concentrated by rotary evaporation in a rotary evaporator to obtain a paste-like gentian-scented osmanthus extract paste, and then the gentian-scented osmanthus extract paste is transferred to a 60°C vacuum drying oven and dried to constant weight to obtain a gentian-scented osmanthus extract mixture.
[0127] Preparation Example 9
[0128] This preparation example 9 provides a method for preparing a mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines, comprising the following steps:
[0129] Z1. Dry astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle in a mass ratio of 5:2:2:2 under 60°C hot air to a moisture content of 13%, mix and grind, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder;
[0130] Z2, mixing the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder and extraction ethanol (ethanol water solution with a volume fraction of 60%) at a mass ratio of 1:10 and putting them into an extraction tank, extracting them in the extraction ethanol heated to 45° C. by microwave for 10 hours, and then filtering and separating to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract;
[0131] Z3. The Chinese herbal medicine extract is concentrated in a rotary evaporator to obtain a mixed paste in a solid paste form, and the mixed paste is then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C to a constant weight to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract.
[0132] Example 1
[0133] This Example 1 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 1, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 4, mixing them into a ball mill and ball milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0134] Example 2
[0135] This Example 2 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 2, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 4, mixing them into a ball mill and ball milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0136] Example 3
[0137] This Example 3 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 3, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 4, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0138] Example 4
[0139] This Example 4 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 1, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 5, mixing them into a ball mill and ball milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0140] Example 5
[0141] This Example 5 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 2, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 5, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0142] Example 6
[0143] This Example 6 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 3, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 5, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0144] Example 7
[0145] This Example 7 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 1, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 6, mixing them into a ball mill and ball milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0146] Example 8
[0147] This Example 8 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 2, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 6, mixing them into a ball mill and ball milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0148] Example 9
[0149] This Example 9 provides a production process for a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine extract prepared in Preparation Example 9, 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cyperi extract prepared in Preparation Example 3, and 20 parts of the Gentiana extract prepared in Preparation Example 6, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0150] Comparative Example 1
[0151] This comparative example 1 provides a production process of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal extract prepared in Preparation Example 9 and 40 parts of the Gentiana scabra-Scutellaria baicalensis extract mixture prepared in Preparation Example 7, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0152] Comparative Example 2
[0153] This comparative example 2 provides a production process of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 60 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal extract prepared in Preparation Example 9 and 40 parts of the Gentiana scabra-Scutellaria baicalensis extract mixture prepared in Preparation Example 8, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0154] Comparative Example 3
[0155] This comparative example 3 provides a production process of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 80 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal extract prepared in Preparation Example 9 and 20 parts of the Rhizoma Cynomorii extract prepared in Preparation Example 1, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0156] Comparative Example 4
[0157] This comparative example 4 provides a production process of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of farmed shrimps and crabs, comprising the following steps: taking 80 parts of the mixed Chinese herbal extract prepared in Preparation Example 9 and 20 parts of the gentian extract prepared in Preparation Example 4, mixing them into a ball mill and milling them in a planetary ball mill at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
[0158] Performance Testing
[0159] 750 healthy, vigorous, non-injured, non-disabled whiteleg shrimps in the growth and development period were randomly divided into 15 groups and placed in glass pools (size: 70cm×50cm×50cm; filled with 0.125m 3 The shrimps were cultured in sterilized seawater, and during the culture period, the shrimp compound feed (purchased from Jiangmen Xinjian Feed Co., Ltd. 1#) was normally fed and oxygen was injected. The Chinese medicine preparations prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were respectively added, and the concentration of the Chinese medicine preparations was adjusted to 0.6 kg / m 3 As the experimental group, doxycycline hydrochloride (adjusted to a concentration of 2ppm) was added as the control group, and a blank group without any treatment was added. During the culture period, 20% of the wastewater was replaced from the bottom of the pond every day, and the drug was administered once every two days. After the drug administration reached 15 times, the survival number and survival rate of the white shrimp were counted pool by pool, and 10 shrimps were randomly selected to calculate the average weight gain. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0160] Table 1 Comparison of the effects of Chinese medicine preparations
[0161]
[0162]
[0163] As can be seen from Table 1, the Chinese medicine preparation provided in Example 1 of the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate and weight gain of Penaeus vannamei during the breeding process. This is because the extraction of the effective ingredients of the safflower and the extraction of the effective ingredients in the gentian can improve the immunity and anti-stress ability of the Penaeus vannamei during the breeding process, thereby increasing the intake of nutrients in the feed by the Penaeus vannamei during the breeding process, and further improving the survival rate.
[0164] It can also be seen from Table 1 that the concentration of useful active ingredients in the Scutellaria baicalensis extract in Example 2 of the present invention is insufficient due to the use of the fraction corresponding to the 30-50% ethanol aqueous solution, which leads to a decrease in the survival rate of the white shrimp administered with the Chinese medicine preparation in Example 2. At the same time, the average weight gain of the shrimp is also reduced compared with that in Example 1. This indicates that the fraction corresponding to 50-80% ethanol in the Scutellaria baicalensis extract can affect the survival rate of the shrimp by affecting its intake of nutrients.
[0165] It can also be seen from Table 1 that the Scutellaria baicalensis extract in Example 3 of the present invention is only subjected to alcohol extraction of the Scutellaria baicalensis leaves, which makes it difficult to release a large amount of active ingredients in the Scutellaria baicalensis leaves, thereby reducing the survival rate after application to the white shrimp. In addition, the weight gain rate is also significantly reduced, which further illustrates that the active ingredients in the Scutellaria baicalensis extract are closely related to the survival rate and food intake of the white shrimp.
[0166] It can also be seen from Table 1 that the gentian extract in Example 4 of the present invention is only subjected to microwave alcohol extraction, resulting in that the active ingredients in the gentian alcohol extract residue are not extracted, thereby causing the survival rate and weight gain of the white shrimp to decrease after the Chinese medicine preparation is administered. This indicates that the composition of the gentian extract is directly related to the effect of the final Chinese medicine preparation.
[0167] It can also be seen from Table 1 that in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, due to the adjustment of the extraction method of the gentian-Scutellaria baicalensis extract mixture, changes occurred in the effective ingredients of gentian and Scutellaria baicalensis in the traditional Chinese medicine preparations, thereby affecting the effect of the final traditional Chinese medicine preparation on improving the survival rate of Penaeus vannamei.
[0168] It can also be seen from Table 1 that the use of the Herba Cynanchum extract or the Herba Gentianae extract alone in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 can improve the survival rate and weight gain effect of Penaeus vannamei to a certain extent. However, compared with Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, it can be seen that the improvement effect is not significant when used alone.
[0169] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention as described in the claims. Moreover, the present invention described herein may have other embodiments and may be implemented or realized in a variety of ways.
Claims
1. A Chinese medicine preparation for improving the survival rate of cultured shrimps and crabs, characterized in that: The composition comprises, by mass percentage, 50-70% of a mixed extract of Chinese herbal medicines, 20-25% of a scutellaria baicalensis extract and the remainder of a gentian extract; The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract comprises: extracting astragalus, angelica, codonopsis and honeysuckle in extraction ethanol and then concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract; The preparation method of the extract of the scutellaria baicalensis comprises: extracting the scutellaria baicalensis leaves with alcohol, separating the fractions in a macroporous adsorption resin column, and concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain the scutellaria baicalensis extract; The preparation method of the gentian extract comprises: extracting gentian powder with alcohol and separating the alcohol extract from alcohol residue, extracting the alcohol residue with supercritical fluid and separating the extract, combining the extract and the alcohol extract for rotary evaporation concentration to obtain the gentian extract.
2. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Psoralea corylifolia extract comprises the following steps: The dried and crushed leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis are subjected to percolation extraction using a first ethanol; The percolate was collected and extracted with ethyl acetate and then the extract was separated; The extract is eluted on the macroporous adsorption resin column using a gradient concentration of ethanol solution, and the fractions eluted with 50% to 70% volume of the ethanol solution are combined as the eluent; The eluate was concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain the Herba Cynanchifoliae extract.
3. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture content of the dried and crushed leaves of the mountain osmanthus is 10-15%; and / or, the dried and crushed leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis are passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve; and / or, when performing the percolation extraction, the volume ratio of the first ethanol to the leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis is (5-8):1; and / or, when ethyl acetate is used for extraction, the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to percolate is 1:(3-5); And / or, when the extract is eluted on the macroporous adsorption column using a gradient concentration ethanol solution, the volume gradient of the gradient concentration ethanol solution includes 5%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% in sequence; and / or, when the extract is eluted on the macroporous adsorption column using ethanol solutions of gradient concentrations, the elution volume of each concentration of ethanol solution is 5-6 times the column volume; And / or, the macroporous adsorption column includes one of HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column, D101 macroporous adsorption resin column, HPD100 macroporous adsorption resin column, and AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin.
4. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the gentian extract comprises the following steps: The dried gentian powder is extracted in a second ethanol at 40-50° C. for 10-12 hours, and then the ethanol extract and the ethanol residue are separated; Using carbon dioxide as a supercritical fluid, supercritically extracting the alcohol extraction residue at 20-30MPa and 40-50°C, and then separating the extract; The extract and the alcohol extract were combined and concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain the gentian extract.
5. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moisture content of the dried gentian powder is 10-15%; and / or, the dried gentian powder is passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve; and / or, the mass ratio of the gentian powder to the second ethanol is 1:(8-10); and / or, adding the dried gentian powder into the second ethanol, and heating to 40-50° C. at a microwave power of 300-400 W; and / or, after separating the alcohol extract, washing the alcohol extract residue with anhydrous ethanol and combining the washing liquid with the alcohol extract; and / or, separation of the alcohol extract from the alcohol extraction residue comprises separation by filtration and separation by suction filtration; and / or, when carbon dioxide is used as the supercritical fluid, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 20-30 L / h; And / or, the supercritical extraction includes static extraction and dynamic extraction, in which the supercritical carbon dioxide is brought into static contact with the alcohol extraction residue during the static extraction, and in which the supercritical carbon dioxide is brought into dynamic contact with the alcohol extraction residue at a flow rate of 20-30 L / h during the dynamic extraction; And / or, supercritical extraction is performed for 2-3 hours.
6. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Ultrasonic assistance is performed when supercritical extraction is performed on the alcohol extraction residue, and the ultrasonic frequency is 20-50kHz.
7. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract comprises the following steps: Astragalus, Chinese angelica, Codonopsis and honeysuckle are dried, crushed and mixed to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder; The mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is heated and extracted in extraction ethanol to separate the Chinese herbal medicine extract; The Chinese herbal medicine extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract.
8. The Chinese medicine preparation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Astragalus, Angelica, Codonopsis and Honeysuckle is 5:(1-3):(1-2):(1-2); and / or, the water content of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder is 15-20%; and / or, the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is passed through a 50-65 mesh sieve; and / or, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine mixed powder to the extraction ethanol is 1:(8-10); And / or, the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder is extracted in ethanol at 40-50° C. under microwave heating.
9. A production process of a Chinese medicine preparation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The Chinese herbal medicine mixed extract, the Herba Cibotii Sinensis extract and the Herba Gentianae extract are ball-milled and blended to prepare the Chinese medicine preparation.
10. Use of the Chinese medicine preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in shrimp and crab farming, characterized in that: The amount of the Chinese medicine preparation added to the shrimp and crab breeding pond is 0.5-0.8kg / m 3 .