Solar seawater desalination treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater treatment, in particular to a solar seawater desalination treatment device and method.The solar seawater desalination treatment device comprises a pipe body composed of a filter pipe and a water inlet pipe, and a multi-stage filter unit and an integrated cleaning and deslagging unit used for cleaning the multi-stage filter unit and removing filter residues are arranged in the filter pipe; the integrated cleaning and deslagging unit comprises a plurality of cleaning and deslagging assemblies, a plurality of self-opening and self-closing deslagging assemblies and a plurality of triggering assemblies used for triggering the self-opening and self-closing deslagging assemblies. In the process of cleaning the filter cartridge, along with continuous rightward movement of the sealing scraping and pushing ring, scraping and cleaning of the surface of the filter cartridge are achieved, and meanwhile filter residues in the filter holes in the left side of the sealing scraping and pushing ring are flushed out through water pressure changes until cleaning of the whole filter cartridge is completed; meanwhile, the water filtering operation is always kept in the whole cleaning process, so that the water filtering operation does not need to be stopped while the filter cartridge is automatically cleaned, and the seawater filtering continuity and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater treatment, and more specifically, to a solar seawater desalination treatment device and method. Background Art

[0002] Solar desalination is a technology that uses solar energy as an energy source to convert seawater into drinkable fresh water. This technology has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, sustainable and low-cost, and is particularly suitable for areas that lack traditional energy supply. The first step of solar desalination treatment usually requires filtering seawater to remove larger particles in the seawater, such as sand, algae, shell fragments and other impurities, to prevent these impurities from clogging or damaging subsequent treatment equipment, such as pumps, pipes, membrane components, etc.

[0003] At present, in the first step of the filtration process of seawater desalination treatment, as the filtration of seawater continues, the filter of the filtration equipment is gradually covered by impurities in the seawater, resulting in reduced filtration efficiency. Therefore, the filter needs to be cleaned regularly. The current methods of cleaning the filter generally include manual cleaning, backwashing cleaning and vibration cleaning. Among them, the backwashing cleaning technology has a high degree of automation and is widely used. It uses reverse water flow to flush the filter cartridge to flush out the filter residue to achieve the purpose of cleaning the filter.

[0004] However, the above backwashing cleaning method still has certain defects: 1. When backwashing uses reverse water flow to flush the filter cartridge to flush out the filter residue, the reverse water flow will temporarily change the direction of the water flow, causing the filter cartridge to be unable to perform normal filtering operations for a short period of time. In other words, during the backwashing cleaning process, the seawater filtering operation needs to be temporarily stopped.

[0005] 2. At present, some backwashing systems will solve the problem of being unable to perform filtering operations during the backwashing process by setting up dual filtering channels. However, setting up dual filtering channels also means that more filter cartridges and backwashing devices need to be set up, and a larger space is required to install the filtration system, which not only increases the complexity of the equipment, but also increases the manufacturing, use and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a solar seawater desalination treatment device and method. The solar seawater desalination treatment device includes a tube body composed of a filter tube and a water inlet pipe. A multi-stage filter unit and an integrated cleaning and slag removal unit for cleaning the multi-stage filter unit and removing filter residues are arranged in the filter tube. The integrated cleaning and slag removal unit includes a plurality of cleaning and slag removal components, a plurality of self-opening and closing slag removal components and a plurality of trigger components for triggering the self-opening and closing slag removal components.

[0007] The multi-stage filtration unit includes a plurality of fixed slag retaining rings fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter tube and evenly spaced, and a filter cartridge fixedly installed on the left side of the fixed slag retaining ring. The filtration mesh number of the filter cartridge increases from left to right. A water guide cone is fixedly installed on the left side of the filter cartridge. The cleaning and slag removal assembly includes a sealing scraper and push ring slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter tube and concentric with the filter cartridge. The inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring has the same diameter as the outer wall of the filter cartridge.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning and slag removal assembly also includes a sealing ring 1 fixedly installed on the inner side of a sealing scraper and push ring, a sealing layer is formed between the sealing ring 1 and the outer wall of the filter cartridge, a plurality of sealing scraper and push rings and a plurality of fixed slag stop rings are arranged alternately, and the leftmost fixed slag stop ring is located to the right of the leftmost sealing scraper and push ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-opening and closing slag discharge component includes a slag discharge port opened at the bottom of the filter tube and located on the left side of the fixed slag retaining ring, a mounting groove is opened on the right inner wall of the slag discharge port, a plurality of strong springs are fixedly installed on the right inner wall of the mounting groove, a slag receiving plate is commonly installed on the left ends of the plurality of strong springs, a slide groove is opened on the right side of the slag receiving plate, the filter tube is slidably connected to the slide groove, a limit rod is fixedly installed on the right side of the slag receiving plate, the strong spring is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding limit rod, and a limit groove that slides with the limit rod is opened on the right inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the trigger assembly includes an open groove opened on the left side of the slag receiving plate, a circular groove is opened at the bottom of the open groove, a reset spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular groove, an L-shaped buckle is fixedly installed on the top of the reset spring, the L-shaped buckle is located on the right side of the corresponding sealing scraper push ring, a wedge-shaped rod is fixedly installed on the right side of the sealing scraper push ring, an L-shaped groove is opened on the left inner wall of the slag discharge port, two ends of the L-shaped buckle are respectively matched with the wedge rod and the L-shaped groove, a sealing ring 2 is fixedly installed on the left side of the slag receiving plate and above the open groove, and a sealing layer is formed between the sealing ring 2 and the slag discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, a wedge-shaped surface one facing the left side is provided at the top of the vertical section of the L-shaped buckle, and the wedge-shaped rod cooperates with the wedge-shaped surface one. A wedge-shaped surface two and a snap-fitting surface are respectively provided at the left end and the top of the horizontal section of the L-shaped buckle. When the L-shaped buckle is snap-fitted with the L-shaped slot, the wedge-shaped surface two is located in the vertical section of the L-shaped slot, and the snap-fitting surface contacts the top wall inside the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot.

[0012] Furthermore, two push rods are fixedly installed on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring, and an ear plate is fixedly installed on the top of the slag plate, which is symmetrical and cooperates with the corresponding push rods. The inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring located on the left side of the sealing ring is a conical structure with the small diameter end close to the corresponding fixed slag blocking ring.

[0013] Furthermore, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the left side of the filter tube and above the water inlet pipe. The output end of the cylinder slides through the left inner wall of the filter tube and is fixedly connected to the sealing scraper and push ring located on the left side. In addition, several sealing scraper and push rings are fixedly connected by a connecting rod, and the connecting rod slides through several fixed slag blocking rings.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a solar desalination treatment device, which is completed in cooperation with the above-mentioned solar desalination treatment device, and includes the following steps: S1: passing the seawater to be treated from left to right into the filter tube through the water inlet pipe, and passing through a plurality of filter cartridges in sequence for multi-stage filtration, gradually removing impurities of different particle sizes such as silt and suspended matter in the seawater, thereby achieving multi-stage filtration.

[0015] S2: As the filtration of seawater continues, more and more filter residues are intercepted. The sealing scraper and push ring scrapes the filter residues on the outside of the filter cartridge to the right. At the same time, the filter holes of the filter cartridge on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring are blocked by the sealing ring and cannot filter water, which increases the water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring. Under the action of the water pressure, the seawater on the left side will flush away the filter residues squeezed into the filter holes, achieving a double cleaning effect on the filter cartridge.

[0016] S3: When the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring moves to the right side of the rightmost filter hole, the space on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring is sealed by sealing ring 1. At this time, the wedge rod contacts the wedge surface 1 of the L-shaped buckle. As the sealing scraper and push ring continues to move to the right, the wedge rod will be driven to squeeze the wedge surface 1, driving the L-shaped buckle to slide downward and compress the reset spring, thereby releasing the lock on the slag plate.

[0017] S4: After the lock of the slag plate is released, the sealing scraper and push ring continues to move, which will drive the push rod to push the ear plate, drive the slag plate to move to the right and slide into the installation groove and compress the strong spring. As the slag plate slides, the slag discharge port gradually opens, and the seawater on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring carries the filtered residue that falls on the top of the slag plate and is discharged through the slag discharge port.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. During the process of cleaning the filter cartridge, as the sealing scraper and push ring continues to move to the right, not only is the surface of the filter cartridge scraped and cleaned, but also the filter residue in the filter hole on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring is flushed out by utilizing the change in water pressure until the entire filter cartridge is cleaned. At the same time, the water filtering operation is always maintained during the entire cleaning process, and then the water filtering operation does not need to be stopped while the filter cartridge is automatically cleaned, thereby improving the continuity and stability of seawater filtration.

[0019] 2. Through a set of multi-stage filtration units and integrated cleaning and slag removal units, multi-stage filtration and non-stop cleaning operations of seawater are realized. On the basis of improving the seawater treatment effect, the continuity of the treatment device is guaranteed, and the overall applicability of the treatment device is also improved accordingly.

[0020] 3. In the present application, while the sealing scraper and push ring physically scrapes and cleans the filter cartridge, the increased water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring is used to squeeze seawater into the filter holes to flush out the filter residue in the filter holes, thereby achieving a double cleaning effect. The double cleaning mechanism ensures comprehensive cleaning of the inside and outside of the filter cartridge.

[0021] 4. The present application utilizes the sealing scraper push ring to push the filter residue to the right, first driving the trigger component to unlock the self-opening and closing slag discharge component, and then driving the push rod to squeeze the ear plate to drive the slag receiving plate to open and discharge the filter residue, thereby realizing the continuous integrated operation of double cleaning the filter cartridge, unlocking the slag receiving plate and opening the slag discharge port, without the need to set up an additional driving source, thereby further reducing the cost of seawater filtration treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder, the integrated cleaning and slag removing unit, the pipe body and the multi-stage filtering unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a part of the fixed slag retaining ring, the filter cartridge, the water guide cone and the sealing ring of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of part A.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the powerful spring, the limiting rod, the ear plate, the L-shaped buckle and the return spring of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing scraper and push ring of the present invention in an initial state.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the sealing scraper and push ring of the present invention completes the scraping and cleaning operation on the filter holes of the filter cartridge.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the slag discharge port of the present invention is opened to discharge the slag from the filter.

[0030] In the figure: 1. pipe body; 101. filter tube; 102. water inlet pipe; 2. multi-stage filter unit; 201. fixed slag retaining ring; 202. filter cartridge; 203. water guide cone; 3. integrated cleaning slag removal unit; 301. cleaning slag removal component; 302. self-opening and closing slag removal component; 303. trigger component; 304. cylinder; 305. sealing ring 2; 3011. sealing scraper and push ring; 3012. sealing ring 1; 3021. mounting groove; 3022. strong spring; 3023. slag bearing plate; 3024. slide groove; 3025. slag discharge port; 3026. limiting rod; 3031. opening groove; 3032. reset spring; 3033. L-shaped buckle; 3034. wedge rod; 3035. ear plate; 3036. push rod; 3037. L-shaped slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that the discussion of these embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the present specification. Various examples may omit, replace or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described relative to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0032] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A solar desalination treatment device includes a tube body 1 composed of a filter tube 101 and a water inlet pipe 102, wherein a multi-stage filter unit 2 and an integrated cleaning and slag removal unit 3 for cleaning the multi-stage filter unit 2 and removing filter residues are arranged in the filter tube 101, wherein the integrated cleaning and slag removal unit 3 includes a plurality of cleaning and slag removal components 301, a plurality of self-opening and closing slag removal components 302 and a plurality of trigger components 303 for triggering the self-opening and closing slag removal components 302.

[0033] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 The multi-stage filtering unit 2 includes a plurality of fixed slag retaining rings 201 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter tube 101 and evenly spaced, and a filter cartridge 202 fixedly installed on the left side of the fixed slag retaining ring 201. The filter mesh number of the filter cartridge 202 increases from left to right, and a water guide cone 203 is fixedly installed on the left side of the filter cartridge 202.

[0034] When in use, the seawater to be treated is introduced into the filter tube 101 from left to right through the water inlet pipe 102. The seawater entering the filter tube 101 will flow to the right and pass through the water guide cone 203 to initially disperse the water flow, thereby reducing the impact of the water flow on the filter cartridge 202. The seawater will first pass through the leftmost filter cartridge 202 (the leftmost filter cartridge 202 has the smallest filter mesh number). When passing through the leftmost filter cartridge 202, the filter holes on the filter cartridge 202 will intercept larger impurities such as shells and algae in the seawater on the surface of the filter cartridge 202 to perform the first-stage filtration. The seawater after the first-stage filtration continues to flow to the right and passes through the filter cartridge 202 in sequence. The subsequent filter cartridge 202 performs multi-stage filtration to gradually remove impurities of different particle sizes such as silt and suspended matter in the seawater, thereby achieving multi-stage filtration to prevent impurities from clogging or damaging subsequent processing equipment (such as pumps, pipes, membrane components). The seawater after multi-stage filtration is discharged from the right end of the filter tube 101 and enters the subsequent processing link. As the filtration continues, most of the impurities intercepted on the surface of the filter cartridge 202 will move to the right to the left side of the fixed slag retaining ring 201 under the impact of the water flow and accumulate on the top of the self-opening and closing slag discharge component 302 under the action of gravity. A small number of impurities will adhere to the surface of the filter cartridge 202 to form a filter residue layer.

[0035] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The cleaning and slag removal component 301 includes a sealing scraper and push ring 3011 which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter tube 101 and is concentric with the filter cartridge 202. A plurality of sealing scraper and push rings 3011 and a plurality of fixed slag stop rings 201 are alternately arranged. The leftmost fixed slag stop ring 201 is located to the right of the leftmost sealing scraper and push ring 3011. The inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 has the same diameter as the outer wall of the filter cartridge 202. A sealing ring 3012 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011, and a sealing layer is formed between the sealing ring 3012 and the outer wall of the filter cartridge 202.

[0036] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A cylinder 304 is fixedly installed on the left side of the filter tube 101 and above the water inlet pipe 102. The output end of the cylinder 304 slides through the left inner wall of the filter tube 101 and is fixedly connected to the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 located on the left side. In addition, several sealing scraper and push rings 3011 are fixedly connected by connecting rods, and the connecting rods slide through several fixed slag blocking rings 201.

[0037] When in use, in the initial state, the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 is located on the left side of the water guide cone 203 (such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, as the seawater filtration continues, more and more filter residues are intercepted, and the filter holes of the filter cartridge 202 are gradually blocked by the filter residues, and the filtration speed slows down. At this time, the cylinder 304 is started, and the output end of the cylinder 304 pushes a number of sealing scraper push rings 3011 to move rightward. During the movement of the sealing scraper push rings 3011 to the right, the filter residues on the outside of the filter cartridge 202 will be gradually scraped off, and a small amount of the filter residues will be squeezed into the filter holes of the filter cartridge 202. In the process of the sealing scraper push rings 3011 moving to the right to scrape and clean the filter cartridge 202, the filter holes on the right side of the sealing scraper push ring 3011 on the filter cartridge 202 are blocked by the sealing ring 1 3012 and cannot filter water. At the same time, some of the filter holes on the right side of the sealing scraper push ring 3011 are separated by the sealing scraper push ring 3011. , resulting in a decrease in the number of filter holes that can filter water on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011, while the water pressure at the end of the water inlet pipe 102 remains unchanged, which will increase the water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011. The seawater on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 is squeezed into the filter holes on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 under the action of the water pressure, flushing out the filter residue squeezed into the filter holes. As the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 continues to scrape and clean to the right, not only the surface of the filter cartridge 202 is cleaned, but the filter residue in the filter holes is also flushed out until the entire filter cartridge 202 is cleaned, thereby achieving a double cleaning effect on the filter cartridge 202, and the water filtering operation is always maintained during the entire cleaning process. There is no need to stop the water filtering operation while automatically cleaning the filter cartridge 202.

[0038] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The self-opening and closing slag discharge component 302 includes a slag discharge port 3025 opened at the bottom of the filter tube 101 and located on the left side of the fixed slag blocking ring 201, a mounting groove 3021 is opened on the right inner wall of the slag discharge port 3025, a plurality of strong springs 3022 are fixedly installed on the right inner wall of the mounting groove 3021, a slag receiving plate 3023 is commonly installed on the left ends of the plurality of strong springs 3022, a slide groove 3024 is opened on the right side of the slag receiving plate 3023, the filter tube 101 is slidably connected to the slide groove 3024, a limiting rod 3026 corresponding to the strong spring 3022 is fixedly installed on the right side of the slag receiving plate 3023, the strong spring 3022 is sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding limiting rod 3026, and a limiting groove slidingly matched with the limiting rod 3026 is opened on the right inner wall of the mounting groove 3021.

[0039] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8The trigger assembly 303 includes an open groove 3031 opened on the left side of the slag receiving plate 3023, a circular groove is opened at the bottom of the open groove 3031, a reset spring 3032 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular groove, an L-shaped buckle 3033 is fixedly installed on the top of the reset spring 3032, the L-shaped buckle 3033 is located on the right side of the corresponding sealing scraper push ring 3011, a wedge rod 3034 is fixedly installed on the right side of the sealing scraper push ring 3011, an L-shaped groove 3037 is opened on the left inner wall of the slag discharge port 3025, and the two ends of the L-shaped buckle 3033 are respectively matched with the wedge rod 3034 and the L-shaped groove 3037, a sealing ring 305 is fixedly installed on the left side of the slag receiving plate 3023 and above the open groove 3031, and a sealing layer is formed between the sealing ring 305 and the slag discharge port 3025.

[0040] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The top of the vertical section of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is provided with a wedge-shaped surface 1 facing the left side, the wedge-shaped rod 3034 cooperates with the wedge-shaped surface 1, and the left end and the top of the horizontal section of the L-shaped buckle 3033 are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped surface 2 and a clamping surface. When the L-shaped buckle 3033 is clamped with the L-shaped slot 3037, the wedge-shaped surface 2 is located in the vertical section of the L-shaped slot 3037, and the clamping surface contacts the top wall inside the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot 3037.

[0041] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Two push rods 3036 are fixedly installed on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011, and an ear plate 3035 is fixedly installed on the top of the slag plate 3023, which is symmetrical and matches the corresponding push rods 3036. The inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 located on the left side of the sealing ring 3012 is a conical structure with the small diameter end close to the corresponding fixed slag blocking ring 201.

[0042] When the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 moves to the rightmost filter hole on the filter cartridge 202 (such as Figure 7As shown in the figure, the space on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 is sealed by the sealing ring 1 3012, and there is still some seawater on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 (this part of seawater will wash down the filter residue scraped off by the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 to prevent the filter residue from adhering to the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011). At this time, the wedge rod 3034 is in contact with the wedge surface 1 of the L-shaped buckle 3033. As the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 continues to move to the right, the wedge rod 3034 will be driven to squeeze the wedge surface 1, driving the L-shaped buckle 3033 to slide downward and compress the reset spring 3032, so that the clamping surface of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is in contact with the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped clamping groove 3037. The wedge-shaped surface 2 of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is located at the connection between the horizontal section and the vertical section of the L-shaped slot 3037. At this time, the wedge rod 3034 is disengaged from the wedge surface 1, and the L-shaped buckle 3033 is squeezed below the wedge rod 3034, and the push rod 3036 contacts the ear plate 3035. Then the sealing scraper push ring 3011 continues to move, which will drive the push rod 3036 to push the ear plate 3035, and drive the slag plate 3023 to move rightward and slide into the installation groove 3021 and compress the strong spring 3022. The L-shaped buckle 3033 moves synchronously with the slag plate 3023. As the slag plate 3023 slides to the right, the slag discharge port 3025 gradually opens (reference Figure 8 ), the seawater on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 carries the filtered residue falling on the top of the residue receiving plate 3023 and is discharged through the residue discharge port 3025.

[0043] After the slag discharge is completed, the output end of the control cylinder 304 contracts, driving the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 to move to the left for reset. During this process, as the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 moves, the pressure on the strong spring 3022 gradually decreases and extends to reset, thereby pushing the slag plate 3023 to move to the left for reset, and then driving the L-shaped buckle 3033 to gradually move to the left for reset. When the wedge-shaped surface 2 of the L-shaped buckle 3033 squeezes the upper edge of the right side of the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot 3037, the L-shaped buckle 3033 is pressed downward and compresses the reset spring 3032. , and then inserted into the L-shaped slot 3037. When the engaging surface of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is opposite to the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot 3037, the reset spring 3032 is reset, driving the L-shaped buckle 3033 to move upward, so that the engaging surface of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is in conflict with the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot 3037, and the wedge surface 2 of the L-shaped buckle 3033 is located in the vertical section of the L-shaped slot 3037 to lock the slag plate 3023. Then, the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 continues to move leftward to the left side of the water guide cone 203 for reset (such as Figure 6 as shown).

[0044] It should be noted that, as the seawater is continuously filtered, the cylinder 304 is started regularly to control the integrated cleaning and slag removal unit 3 to clean and discharge the filter residue.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention also proposes a method for using a solar seawater desalination treatment device, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: The seawater to be treated is passed from left to right into the filter tube 101 through the water inlet pipe 102, and passes through a plurality of filter cartridges 202 in sequence for multi-stage filtration, and impurities of different particle sizes such as shells, silt and suspended matter in the seawater are removed step by step, thereby achieving multi-stage filtration.

[0046] S2: As the filtration of seawater continues, more and more filter residues are intercepted, and the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 scrapes the filter residues on the outside of the filter cartridge 202 to the right. At the same time, the filter holes on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 on the filter cartridge 202 are blocked by the sealing ring 3012 and cannot filter water, so that the water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 increases. The seawater on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 will flush away the filter residues squeezed into the filter holes under the action of the water pressure, thereby achieving a double cleaning effect on the filter cartridge 202.

[0047] S3: When the right side surface of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 moves to the rightmost filter hole, the space on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 is sealed by the sealing ring 3012. At this time, the wedge rod 3034 contacts the wedge surface 1 of the L-shaped buckle 3033. As the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 continues to move to the right, the wedge rod 3034 will be driven to squeeze the wedge surface 1, driving the L-shaped buckle 3033 to slide downward and compress the reset spring 3032, thereby releasing the lock on the slag plate 3023.

[0048] S4: After the slag plate 3023 is unlocked, the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 continues to move, which will drive the push rod 3036 to push the ear plate 3035, driving the slag plate 3023 to move to the right and slide into the installation groove 3021 and compress the strong spring 3022. As the slag plate 3023 slides, the slag discharge port 3025 gradually opens, and the seawater on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring 3011 carries the filtered residue that falls on the top of the slag plate 3023 and is discharged through the slag discharge port 3025.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar desalination device, characterized in that: include: A pipe body (1) is composed of a filter pipe (101) and a water inlet pipe (102), wherein a multi-stage filter unit (2) and an integrated cleaning and slag removal unit (3) for cleaning the multi-stage filter unit (2) and removing filter residue are arranged in the filter pipe (101), wherein the integrated cleaning and slag removal unit (3) comprises a plurality of cleaning and slag removal components (301), a plurality of self-opening and closing slag removal components (302), and a plurality of trigger components (303) for triggering the self-opening and closing slag removal components (302); The multi-stage filtering unit (2) comprises a plurality of fixed slag retaining rings (201) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the filter tube (101) and evenly spaced, and a filter cartridge (202) fixedly mounted on the left side of the fixed slag retaining ring (201), the filter mesh number of the filter cartridge (202) increasing from left to right, a water guide cone (203) fixedly mounted on the left side of the filter cartridge (202), and a cleaning slag removal assembly (301) comprising a sealing scraper and push ring (3011) slidably connected to the inner wall of the filter tube (101) and concentric with the filter cartridge (202), the inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) having the same diameter as the outer wall of the filter cartridge (202); The sealing scraper and push ring (3011) moves to the right to gradually scrape off the filter residue on the outside of the filter cartridge (202). A very small amount of the filter residue will be squeezed into the filter holes of the filter cartridge (202). When the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) moves to the right to scrape, the filter holes on the right side are blocked and cannot filter water. The number of filter holes for filtering water on the left side is reduced, but the water pressure of the inlet water remains unchanged, resulting in an increase in the water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011). The filter residue squeezed into the filter holes is flushed away until the entire filter cartridge (202) is cleaned. Then, the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) drives the trigger component (303) to trigger the self-opening and closing residue discharge component (302) to discharge the scraped filter residue out of the filter tube (101).

2. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning and slag removal component (301) further comprises a sealing ring (3012) fixedly mounted on the inner side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011), wherein a sealing layer is formed between the sealing ring (3012) and the outer wall of the filter cartridge (202), and a plurality of sealing scraper and push rings (3011) and a plurality of fixed slag blocking rings (201) are arranged alternately, and the leftmost fixed slag blocking ring (201) is located to the right of the leftmost sealing scraper and push ring (3011).

3. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-opening and closing slag discharge assembly (302) comprises a slag discharge port (3025) provided at the bottom of the filter tube (101) and located on the left side of the fixed slag blocking ring (201); a mounting groove (3021) is provided on the right inner wall of the slag discharge port (3025); a plurality of strong springs (3022) are fixedly installed on the right inner wall of the mounting groove (3021); a slag receiving plate (3023) is commonly installed at the left ends of the plurality of strong springs (3022); a sliding groove (3024) is provided on the right side of the slag receiving plate (3023); the filter tube (101) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (3024); a limiting rod (3026) is fixedly installed on the right side of the slag receiving plate (3023); the strong spring (3022) is sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding limiting rod (3026); and a limiting groove slidably matched with the limiting rod (3026) is provided on the right inner wall of the mounting groove (3021).

4. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The trigger assembly (303) comprises an open groove (3031) provided on the left side of the slag bearing plate (3023), a circular groove provided at the bottom of the open groove (3031), a reset spring (3032) fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular groove, an L-shaped buckle (3033) fixedly installed at the top of the reset spring (3032), the L-shaped buckle (3033) being located on the right side of the corresponding sealing scraper push ring (3011), and the sealing scraper push ring (3011) being fixedly installed on the right side A wedge-shaped rod (3034) is provided, and an L-shaped slot (3037) is provided on the inner wall on the left side of the slag discharge port (3025). The two ends of the L-shaped buckle (3033) are respectively matched with the wedge-shaped rod (3034) and the L-shaped slot (3037). A second sealing ring (305) is fixedly installed on the left side of the slag receiving plate (3023) and above the opening slot (3031). A sealing layer is formed between the second sealing ring (305) and the slag discharge port (3025).

5. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the vertical section of the L-shaped buckle (3033) is provided with a wedge-shaped surface 1 facing the left side, and the wedge-shaped rod (3034) cooperates with the wedge-shaped surface 1. The left end and the top of the horizontal section of the L-shaped buckle (3033) are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped surface 2 and a clamping surface. When the L-shaped buckle (3033) is clamped and matched with the L-shaped slot (3037), the wedge-shaped surface 2 is located in the vertical section of the L-shaped slot (3037), and the clamping surface contacts the top wall inside the horizontal section of the L-shaped slot (3037).

6. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The right side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) is fixedly provided with two front-to-back symmetrical push rods (3036); the top of the slag bearing plate (3023) is fixedly provided with an ear plate (3035) which is front-to-back symmetrical and matches the corresponding push rods (3036); the inner wall of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) located on the left side of the sealing ring (3012) is a conical structure with the small diameter end close to the corresponding fixed slag blocking ring (201).

7. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder (304) is fixedly installed on the left side of the filter tube (101) and above the water inlet pipe (102); the output end of the cylinder (304) slides through the left inner wall of the filter tube (101) and is fixedly connected to a sealing scraper and push ring (3011) located on the left side; and a plurality of sealing scraper and push rings (3011) are fixedly connected via a connecting rod, which slides through a plurality of fixed slag blocking rings (201).

8. A method for using a solar desalination device, characterized in that: The solar desalination treatment device as claimed in claim 6 is used to complete the process. The following steps are involved: S1: The seawater to be treated is introduced into the filter tube (101) from left to right through the water inlet pipe (102), and is sequentially filtered through a plurality of filter cartridges (202) to remove impurities of different particle sizes such as silt and suspended matter in the seawater step by step, thereby achieving multi-stage filtration; S2: As the filtration of seawater continues, more and more filter residues are intercepted, and the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) scrapes the filter residues on the outside of the filter cartridge (202) to the right. At the same time, the filter holes of the filter cartridge (202) on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) are blocked by the sealing ring 1 (3012) and cannot filter water, so that the water pressure on the left side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) increases. Under the action of the water pressure, the seawater on the left side will flush away the filter residues squeezed into the filter holes, so as to double clean the filter cartridge (202); S3: When the right side surface of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) moves to the right side of the rightmost filter hole, the space on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) is sealed by the sealing ring 1 (3012). At this time, the wedge rod (3034) contacts the wedge surface 1 of the L-shaped buckle (3033). As the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) continues to move to the right, the wedge rod (3034) is driven to squeeze the wedge surface 1, driving the L-shaped buckle (3033) to slide downward and compress the return spring (3032), thereby releasing the lock on the slag receiving plate (3023); S4: After the lock of the slag receiving plate (3023) is released, the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) continues to move, which drives the push rod (3036) to push the ear plate (3035), drives the slag receiving plate (3023) to move rightward and slide into the installation groove (3021) and compress the strong spring (3022). As the slag receiving plate (3023) slides, the slag discharge port (3025) gradually opens, and the seawater on the right side of the sealing scraper and push ring (3011) carries the filtered residue falling on the top of the slag receiving plate (3023) and is discharged through the slag discharge port (3025).

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