A fire extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing fire extinguishing microcapsules or microspheres, and particularly relates to a preparation system for fire extinguishing microcapsules based on gravity drop. Its technical solution includes a material loading module, a flow control module, a water flow guiding module, a microcapsule forming module, and a photocuring collection module. The material loading module is used for loading various solutions for preparing microcapsules; the flow control module is used for controlling the flow rates of the liquid phases of the material loading module; the water flow guiding module is used for cutting and guiding the flow during the formation of microcapsules; the photocuring collection module is used for curing the outer phase of the formed microcapsules and collecting the microcapsules. The preparation system of the present invention is simple to operate and easy to build. The circulation of various solutions is realized through the structure of gravity drop, and the flow rate of the solutions flowing into the needles is controlled by the flow control module, reducing the unstable factors brought to the preparation of microcapsules by frequent manual replacement of solutions. This system can be expanded to simultaneously prepare multiple paths of fire extinguishing microcapsules, effectively improving the efficiency of microcapsule preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing fire - extinguishing microcapsules or microspheres, and particularly to a preparation system for fire - extinguishing microcapsules based on gravity drop. Background Art

[0002] Microcapsules are tiny vesicles formed by coating sensitive or volatile small droplets or solid particles with polymer materials through physical or chemical methods. The solid or liquid substance encapsulated inside the capsule is called the core material or core layer, and the coating film formed by the polymer material is called the wall material or capsule wall.

[0003] As an emerging fire - extinguishing medium, preparing low - boiling - point liquid fire - extinguishing agents into microcapsule fire - extinguishing agents can overcome the problems of instability, inconvenient storage and transportation of existing low - boiling - point liquid fire - extinguishing agents. In recent years, microcapsule fire - extinguishing agents have been gradually widely used in the fields of fire protection and fire prevention of power equipment.

[0004] However, due to the preparation characteristics of fire - extinguishing microcapsules, the existing preparation systems have cumbersome processes, high labor and time costs during the production process, and are very inconvenient for large - area and multi - field promotion and use. How to construct an easy - to - operate preparation system and reduce labor and time costs during the production process is the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. Therefore, we propose a preparation system for fire - extinguishing microcapsules based on gravity drop. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems in the background art that the existing preparation systems have cumbersome processes, high labor and time costs during the production process, and are very inconvenient for large - area and multi - field promotion and use, and to propose a preparation system for fire - extinguishing microcapsules based on gravity drop.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: A preparation system for fire - extinguishing microcapsules based on gravity drop, comprising:

[0007] A material loading module for loading the three - phase solution for preparing microcapsules;

[0008] A flow control module for controlling the flow rate of the three - phase solution in the material loading module;

[0009] A water flow guiding module for cutting and guiding the flow during the formation of microcapsules;

[0010] A microcapsule forming module for forming microcapsules with a well - wrapped inner and outer phases;

[0011] A photocuring and collecting module for curing the outer phase of the formed microcapsules and collecting the microcapsules;

[0012] The material loading module, the flow control module, the microcapsule forming module, and the water flow guiding module are connected by silica gel tubes.

[0013] Optionally, the material loading module includes an operating table, three sealed belt-valve containers, and a first silica gel tube. The sealed belt-valve containers are used to load the three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules, and the first silica gel tube is used to connect the outlets of the sealed belt-valve containers to the flow control module.

[0014] Optionally, the height of the operating table is 2 - 3 m, and it adopts a three-layer design structure. The sealed belt-valve containers are located on the top layer of the operating table. The second layer of the operating table is used to place the flow control module, and the third layer of the operating table is used to place the water flow guiding module.

[0015] Optionally, the flow control module includes three glass rotameters and a second silica gel tube. The glass rotameters are used to control the flow rate of the three-phase solution, and the second silica gel tube is used to connect the outlets of the glass rotameters to the corresponding positions of the three-channel coaxial needle.

[0016] Optionally, the microcapsule forming module includes a three-channel coaxial needle and a thermoplastic tube. The three-channel coaxial needle is used to prepare fire-extinguishing microcapsules with an inner and outer phase coating, and the thermoplastic tube is installed at the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle and the cylindrical notch of the glass pipe to ensure the sealing of the preparation.

[0017] Optionally, the water flow guiding module includes a reservoir, a small water pump, a ferrule type micro regulating valve, a glass pipe, a third silica gel tube, and a fourth silica gel tube. The small water pump is used to pump out the water in the reservoir. The ferrule type micro regulating valve is used to control the water flow rate. The third silica gel tube is used to connect the small water pump and the inlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve, and the fourth silica gel tube is used to connect the outlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve and the glass pipe.

[0018] Optionally, the light curing and collection module includes an ultraviolet lamp and a mesh screen. The ultraviolet lamp is used to cure the microcapsules in the glass pipe, and the mesh screen is used to collect the cured microcapsules flowing out of the glass pipe.

[0019] Optionally, the glass pipe is 40 - 50 cm long and 0.5 - 1.5 cm in diameter. The glass pipe includes an A end and a B end. The A end of the glass pipe is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the included angle between the B end of the glass pipe and the horizontal plane is 140° - 150°. A cylindrical notch with a diameter of 0.3 - 0.7 cm and a height of 1 - 3 cm is provided at a place 8 - 12 cm away from the A end of the glass pipe. The notch is connected to the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle. The glass pipe is used to assist in cutting the microcapsules flowing out of the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle, and the flowing water in the pipe can guide the microcapsules into the mesh screen.

[0020] Optionally, the three-phase solution for preparing the microcapsules includes: a perfluoromethylcyclohexanone solution forming the inner phase of the microcapsules, a photocurable solution forming the outer phase of the microcapsules, and an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution that plays a role in cutting and shaping the microcapsules.

[0021] Optionally, the silica gel tube for connecting the devices for the oil-phase solution is a black silica gel tube, and the remaining silica gel tubes are transparent silica gel tubes.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] The preparation system of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to build, which can effectively reduce the cost of equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, a large-capacity sealed valve container is used to assemble and prepare the three-phase solution of the fire-extinguishing microcapsules, and the sealed valve container is placed at a high place to make the solution flow through gravity drop. The principle is simple and easy to operate. Compared with the traditional method of controlling the flow rate of the syringe by a syringe pump and controlling the inflow of each phase solution into the needle to prepare the microcapsules, the frequency of manual replacement when the solution is used up is reduced, and the instability caused by factors such as improper operation during the replacement process is reduced.

[0025] Furthermore, after the solution flows out of the sealed valve container, the present system can divide the solution into multiple portions through a shunt device and expand it into multiple paths to simultaneously prepare the fire-extinguishing microcapsules, which can effectively improve the efficiency of preparing the fire-extinguishing microcapsules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A block diagram of the fire-extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop according to the present invention is given;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a glass pipeline;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the components of the fire-extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop according to the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1, operating table; 2, sealed valve container; 3, glass rotameter; 4, three-channel coaxial needle; 5, thermoplastic tube; 6, reservoir; 7, small water pump; 8, ferrule type micro regulating valve; 9, glass pipeline; 10, ultraviolet lamp; 11, sieve; S1, first silica gel tube; S2, second silica gel tube; S3, third silica gel tube; S4, fourth silica gel tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment

[0032] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a fire extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop proposed by the present invention includes a material loading module, a flow control module, a water flow guiding module, a microcapsule forming module, and a photocuring collection module. Each module will be described in detail below.

[0033] In this embodiment, the material loading module is used to load the three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules, including an operating table 1, three sealed valve containers 2, and a first silica gel tube S1. The sealed valve containers 2 are used to load the three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules, and the first silica gel tube S1 is used to connect the outlets of each sealed valve container 2 to the flow control module;

[0034] Among them, the height of the operating table 1 is preferably 2.5 m, and it adopts a three-layer design structure. The capacity of the sealed valve container 2 is preferably 5 L. The sealed valve container 2 is located on the top layer of the operating table 1, and the vertical height difference from the three-channel coaxial needle should be greater than 2 m to ensure that the solution in the sealed valve container can flow into the flow control module by gravity. The second layer of the operating table 1 is used to place the flow control module, and the third layer of the operating table 1 is used to place the water flow guiding module;

[0035] In this embodiment, the three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules includes: a perfluorhexanone solution forming the inner phase of the microcapsule, a photocuring solution forming the outer phase of the microcapsule, and an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution that plays a role in cutting and shaping the microcapsule. The three sealed valve containers 2 are respectively filled with a perfluorhexanone solution, a photocuring solution, and an aqueous solution containing 5% PVA. Perfluorhexanone serves as the inner phase of the fire extinguishing microcapsule and plays a fire extinguishing role when the microcapsule explodes due to heat. The photocuring solution serves as the outer phase of the fire extinguishing microcapsule and will change from a liquid state to a solid state to wrap the inner phase perfluorhexanone when exposed to ultraviolet light. The PVA aqueous solution plays a role in cutting the inner and outer phases of the microcapsule and balancing the tension between the inner and outer phases; when the water valve is opened, the three solutions flow out from the valve ports of the sealed valve containers 2 by gravity and flow into the corresponding glass rotameters 3 in the flow control module through the silica gel tubes;

[0036] Further, the flow control module is used to control the flow rates of the three-phase solution in the material loading module, including glass rotameters 3 and a second silica gel tube S2. The three groups of glass rotameters 3 are respectively used to control the flow rates of the three-phase solution. The flow rate range of the glass rotameters 3 is 60 - 600 mL / min. The flow control knobs of the adjustable flow meters are used to control the flow rates of the three solutions. The optimal flow rate ranges of the three-phase solution during production are as follows: the inner-phase perfluorhexanone solution is 80 - 200 mL / min, the outer-phase photocuring solution is 80 - 250 mL / min, and the aqueous-phase PVA aqueous solution is 200 - 500 mL / min. The second silica gel tube S2 is used to connect the outlets of the respective glass rotameters 3 to the corresponding positions of the three-channel coaxial needle 4, that is, the outlets of the glass rotameters 3 filled with perfluorhexanone solution, photocuring solution, and PVA aqueous solution are respectively connected to the inner phase, middle phase, and outer phase of the three-channel coaxial needle 4;

[0037] It should be noted that the microcapsule forming module is used to form microcapsules with well-wrapped inner and outer phases, including a three-channel coaxial needle 4 and a heat shrinkable tube 5. The three-channel coaxial needle 4 is used to prepare fire-extinguishing microcapsules with inner and outer phase coatings. The selected three-channel coaxial needle 4 has solution inlet sizes of 16G / 20G / 30G, that is, the inner diameter of the outer-phase channel is 1.16 mm and the outer diameter is 1.60 mm; the inner diameter of the middle-phase channel is 0.6 mm and the outer diameter is 0.9 mm; the inner diameter of the inner-phase channel is 0.16 mm and the outer diameter is 0.31 mm. The needle can prepare microcapsules with well-wrapped inner and outer phases with a diameter of 100 - 400 μm. The heat shrinkable tube 5 is installed at the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle 4 and the cylindrical notch of the glass pipe 9, which can ensure the sealing performance at the connection of the needle outlet and the glass pipe 9 at the notch;

[0038] In this embodiment, the water flow guiding module is used for cutting and guiding the flow during microcapsule formation, including a water reservoir 6, a small water pump 7, a ferrule type micro regulating valve 8, a glass pipe 9, a third silica gel tube S3, and a fourth silica gel tube S4. The small water pump 7 is used to pump out the water in the water reservoir. The ferrule type micro regulating valve 8 is used to control the water flow rate. The third silica gel tube S3 is used to connect the small water pump 7 and the inlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve 8. The fourth silica gel tube S4 is used to connect the outlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve 8 and the glass pipe 9. The fourth silica gel tube S4 is connected to the A end of the glass pipe 9. Fill the water reservoir 6 with water. The small water pump 7 pumps out the water in the water reservoir 6, connects it to the inlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve 8 through the third silica gel tube S3. The ferrule type micro regulating valve 8 adjusts the flow rate of the pumped water, and the adjustment range is 100 - 2000 mL / min. According to experimental needs, the water flow rate is preferably 400 - 800 mL / min. Connect the outlet of the ferrule type micro regulating valve 8 and the A end of the glass pipe 9 through the fourth silica gel tube S4;

[0039] Further, the photocuring collection module is used for curing the outer phase of the formed microcapsules and collecting the microcapsules, including an ultraviolet lamp 10 and a mesh screen 11. The ultraviolet lamp 10 is used for curing the microcapsules in the glass pipe 9. The wavelength band of the ultraviolet lamp 10 is 365 - 405 nm, and the power is preferably 10 W. The mesh screen 11 is used for collecting the cured microcapsules flowing out from the B end of the glass pipe 9. The formed microcapsules in the glass pipe 9 are irradiated with the ultraviolet lamp 10. The distance between the ultraviolet lamp 10 and the A end of the glass pipe is 15 - 20 cm to cure the microcapsules in the glass pipe 9, and the mesh screen 11 collects the cured microcapsules flowing out from the glass pipe 9;

[0040] Among them, the glass pipe 9 is used for the flow of water, guiding the microcapsules into the mesh screen 11. The length of the glass pipe 9 is preferably 50 cm, and the diameter is preferably 1 cm. The glass pipe 9 includes an A end and a B end. The A end of the glass pipe 9 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the included angle between the B end of the glass pipe 9 and the horizontal plane is preferably 150°. The inclined angle of the B end is designed to facilitate the stable falling of the microcapsules into the mesh screen. A cylindrical notch with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a height of 2 cm is provided at a position 10 cm away from the A end of the glass pipe 9. The outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle 4 is connected at the notch. After flowing out from the needle of the three-channel coaxial needle 4, the microcapsules are cut by the water flow in the glass pipe 9 and are simultaneously guided by the water flow into the mesh screen 11;

[0041] Finally, the material loading module, the flow control module, the microcapsule forming module, and the water flow guiding module are connected by silicone tubes. Since the photocuring solution is prone to curing when encountering visible light, black silicone tubes are used to connect the devices with the photocuring solution flowing through them, and transparent silicone tubes are used to connect the remaining devices.

[0042] The above specific embodiments are merely several alternative embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention and the relevant revelations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop, characterized in that: include: A material loading module, used for loading a three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules; the material loading module comprises an operating table (1), three groups of sealed valved containers (2), and a first silicone tube (S1), wherein the sealed valved containers (2) are used for loading the three-phase solution for preparing microcapsules, and the first silicone tube (S1) is used for connecting the outlet of the sealed valved container (2) to a flow control module; the operating table (1) has a height of 2-3 m and adopts a three-layer design structure, wherein the sealed valved container (2) is located at the top layer of the operating table (1), the second layer of the operating table (1) is used for placing the flow control module, and the third layer of the operating table (1) is used for placing the water flow guide module; A flow control module, used for controlling the flow rate of the three-phase solution of the material loading module; the flow control module comprises three sets of glass rotor flow meters (3) and a second silicone tube (S2); the glass rotor flow meters (3) are used for controlling the flow rate of the three-phase solution; A water flow guiding module is used for cutting and draining during microcapsule forming; the water flow guiding module comprises a water reservoir (6), a small water pump (7), a sleeve-type micro-regulating valve (8), a glass pipe (9), a third silicone tube (S3), and a fourth silicone tube (S4); the small water pump (7) is used to extract water from the water reservoir; the sleeve-type micro-regulating valve (8) is used to control the speed of the extracted water flow; the third silicone tube (S3) is used to connect the small water pump (7) and the inlet of the sleeve-type micro-regulating valve (8); and the fourth silicone tube (S4) is used to connect the outlet of the sleeve-type micro-regulating valve (8) and the A end of the glass pipe (9); A microcapsule forming module is used to form a microcapsule with inner and outer phases wrapped intactly; the microcapsule forming module comprises a three-channel coaxial needle (4) and a thermoplastic tube (5); the three-channel coaxial needle (4) is used to prepare a fire-extinguishing microcapsule with inner and outer phases wrapped, and the thermoplastic tube (5) is installed at the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle (4) and the cylindrical notch of the glass pipe (9) to ensure the sealing of the preparation; the second silicone tube (S2) is used to connect the outlet of the glass rotor flowmeter (3) to the corresponding position of the three-channel coaxial needle (4); A light-curing collection module, used for curing the outer phase of the formed microcapsules and collecting the microcapsules; The material loading module, the flow control module, the microcapsule forming module, and the water flow guiding module are connected via a silicone tube; The three-phase solution comprises: a perfluorohexanone solution forming the inner phase of the microcapsule, a light-curing solution forming the outer phase of the microcapsule, and a water-phase polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution having a cutting and shaping effect on the microcapsule.

2. A fire extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photocuring collection module comprises an ultraviolet lamp (10) and a mesh screen (11); the ultraviolet lamp (10) is used to cure the microcapsules in the glass pipe (9); and the mesh screen (11) is used to collect the cured microcapsules flowing out of the B end of the glass pipe (9).

3. A fire extinguishing microcapsule preparation system based on gravity drop according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass pipe (9) is 40-50 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter. The glass pipe (9) comprises an A end and a B end. The A end of the glass pipe (9) is parallel to a horizontal plane. The angle between the B end of the glass pipe (9) and the horizontal plane is 140°-160°. A cylindrical notch with a diameter of 0.3-0.7 cm and a height of 1-3 cm is arranged on the glass pipe (9) at a distance of 8-12 cm from the A end of the glass pipe (9). The notch is connected to the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle (4). The glass pipe (9) is used to assist in cutting the microcapsules flowing out of the outlet of the three-channel coaxial needle (4). The water flow in the pipe can guide the microcapsules to flow into the mesh screen (11).

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