Gantry crane with anti-falling function

Abstract

The invention discloses a gantry crane with an anti-falling function. The gantry crane comprises a gantry frame, a climbing ladder and an anti-falling device, the climbing ladder is mounted on the portal frame and grab rails are arranged on two sides; the anti-falling device is mounted on the grab rail through the clamping cavity and is connected with a climber through a safety rope; the anti-falling device comprises a shell, a plurality of roller assemblies and an unlocking assembly. The multiple roller assemblies are installed on the shell at intervals in the circumferential direction to form a clamping cavity. The unlocking assembly is installed on the shell and matched with the roller assembly, and the safety rope is connected with the unlocking assembly; the unlocking assembly is located at the first position in a natural state or under the downward pulling force of the safety rope, and then an included angle is formed between the rolling direction of part of or all the roller assemblies and the axis of the grab rail. The anti-falling device has the beneficial effects that when the anti-falling device is used, unlocking of the locking state can be achieved only by pulling up the safety rope, and the anti-falling device can be conveniently used by a worker during climbing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gantry cranes, and in particular to a gantry crane with an anti-fall function. Background Art

[0002] Gantry crane is a type of bridge crane with a horizontal bridge frame set on two legs to form a door frame. This type of crane runs on ground tracks and is mainly used for handling and installation operations in open storage yards, docks, power stations, ports and railway freight stations.

[0003] The gantry height of gantry cranes is generally high, especially the gantry height used in shipbuilding is generally more than 30 meters. In order to ensure a wide field of view when the gantry crane is in use, the cab is generally installed on the lower side of the gantry bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to set up an escalator at the leg position of the gantry to facilitate the driver to enter the cab from the ground, or return to the ground from the cab. Since the height of the cab is relatively high, and the gantry used in the shipbuilding industry is generally located in places with strong winds such as rivers or seaside, it is easy to generate crosswinds, which makes it more dangerous for the driver to climb along the escalator. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the objects of the present application is to provide a gantry crane with an anti-falling function that can solve at least one defect in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve at least one of the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: a gantry crane with an anti-fall function, comprising a gantry, a climbing ladder and an anti-fall device; the climbing ladder is installed on the gantry and handrails are arranged on both sides; the anti-fall device is installed on the handrail through a clamping cavity and is connected to a climbing person through a safety rope; the anti-fall device comprises a shell, a plurality of roller assemblies and an unlocking assembly; the shell has an arc-shaped cross-section and is provided with an opening, and a plurality of roller assemblies are installed on the shell at intervals along the circumferential direction to form the clamping cavity; the unlocking assembly is installed on the shell and cooperates with the roller assembly, and the safety rope is connected to the unlocking assembly; the unlocking assembly is located in a first position in a natural state or when subjected to a downward pulling force of the safety rope, thereby driving a rolling direction of part or all of the roller assemblies to have an angle with the axis of the handrail; the unlocking assembly is located in a second position when subjected to an upward pulling force of the safety rope, thereby driving the rolling direction of the roller assembly to be parallel to the axis of the handrail.

[0006] Preferably, the multiple roller assemblies include a fixed wheel assembly and two groups of moving wheel assemblies; the fixed wheel assembly is installed at the middle part of the shell along the circumferential direction, and the fixed wheel assembly always keeps the rolling direction parallel to the axial direction of the handrail rod; the two groups of moving wheel assemblies are installed on both sides of the fixed wheel assembly, so that the fixed wheel assembly and the two groups of moving wheel assemblies cooperate to form the clamping cavity with an enclosing angle greater than 180°; the moving wheel assembly cooperates with the unlocking assembly, so that the moving wheel assembly is deflected relative to the handrail rod under the drive of the unlocking assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed wheel assembly is suitable for position adjustment along the radial direction of the shell, and the moving wheel assembly is suitable for position adjustment along the radial and circumferential directions of the shell, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional shape and size of the clamping cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a mounting hole is provided on the shell; the fixed wheel assembly includes a first bracket, a first roller and a pair of nuts; the first end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the first roller on the inner side of the shell, and the second end of the first bracket passes through the mounting hole along the radial direction of the shell through a set threaded rod to extend to the outside of the shell, and the two nuts are both mounted on the threaded rod to be tightened with the inner side and the outer side of the shell respectively; the position of the first roller is adjusted by adjusting the tightening position of the nut and the threaded rod.

[0009] Preferably, both sides of the shell are provided with through grooves extending in a circumferential direction; the moving wheel assembly includes a second bracket, a second roller and a positioning assembly; the first end of the second bracket is rotatably connected to the second roller on the inner side of the shell, and the second end of the second bracket passes through the through groove along the radial direction of the shell through a support column to extend to the outside of the shell; the positioning assembly is installed on the support column, and the positioning assembly is suitable for cooperating and locking with the shell after the second bracket is position-adjusted along the radial and / or circumferential direction of the shell; the unlocking assembly cooperates with the support column so that the support column, driven by the unlocking assembly, swings relative to the positioning assembly around its own axis direction, thereby driving the rolling direction of the second roller to be parallel or inclined to the axial direction of the handrail rod.

[0010] Preferably, a rack plate is provided on the outer side of the shell at the side of the through groove; the support column is provided with a plurality of mounting slots at intervals along the axial direction, the mounting slots penetrate along the radial direction of the support column and are fan-shaped, and a center hole penetrating all the mounting slots is provided in the center of the support column; the positioning assembly includes a connecting shaft, a positioning block and a bolt; the connecting shaft is suitable for being installed in the corresponding mounting slot according to the radial position requirement of the support column along the shell, and the end of the connecting shaft is used to install a gear meshing with the rack plate; the positioning block is rotatably sleeved on the support column and fits the inner side of the shell; a bolt hole is provided in the middle of the connecting shaft, and when the second bracket is rotated to the set position along the circumferential direction of the shell, the bolt passes through the center hole and cooperates with the bolt hole, so that the position of the moving wheel assembly is locked by the cooperation of the gear and the rack plate; the support column swings relative to the connecting shaft through the mounting slot under the drive of the unlocking assembly.

[0011] Preferably, rolling grooves are provided on opposite sides of the positioning block and the second bracket, and the rolling grooves are ring-shaped around the axis of the support column; the two rolling grooves cooperate to form a rolling track, and a plurality of balls are installed in the rolling track.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the handrail rod is circular and a magnetic plate is installed in the area on the inner side corresponding to the fixed wheel assembly; when installing the anti-fall device, the handrail rod is biased in a direction close to the fixed wheel assembly; the first roller is magnetically arranged so that the first roller and the magnetic plate are magnetically attracted.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the moving wheel assemblies in each group is two, and the two moving wheel assemblies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the shell. The two moving wheel assemblies in each group swing toward or away from each other synchronously under the drive of the unlocking assembly; when the rolling direction of the second rollers corresponding to the two moving wheel assemblies in each group is inclined axially with the handrail rod, the two second rollers move away from each other at one end close to the fixed wheel assembly.

[0014] Preferably, both sides of the shell are provided with a first guide groove extending in the circumferential direction, and the lower part of the shell is provided with a second guide groove extending axially; the unlocking assembly includes a spring, two groups of traction plates, a pair of arc-shaped pull plates and a connecting seat; the first ends of the two traction plates of each group are hinged by a pin shaft, and the second ends of the two traction plates of each group are slidably plugged with the support columns on the corresponding sides through the provided U-shaped grooves, and the pin shafts are slidably matched with the corresponding first guide grooves; the first ends of the two pull plates are respectively ball-jointed with the pin shafts on the corresponding sides, and the second ends of the two pull plates overlap with each other to connect the safety rope; the connecting seat is rollingly matched with the inner side of the shell The pull plate is connected to the housing through the connecting piece passing through the second guide groove; the pull plate is elastically connected to the housing through the spring, and the pull plate is in the first position under the elastic force of the spring or the downward pull of the safety rope, and the second end of the pull plate is located below the first end; when the pull plate is pulled upward by the safety rope, the pull plate is suitable for rotating around the pin shaft to the second position; during the movement of the pull plate, the connecting seat is suitable for driving the second end of the pull plate to be equal in distance or have a reduced distance with the housing, and then the first end of the pull plate drives the pin shaft to slide along the first guide groove to drive the traction plate to rotate together with the support column.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: When the anti-fall device is in use, the locked state can be released by simply pulling up the safety rope, which makes it convenient for workers to use when climbing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-fall device of the present application installed on a climbing ladder.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the anti-fall device of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the anti-fall device of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell in this application.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed wheel assembly in this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving wheel assembly in this application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded state of the driving wheel assembly in this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the driving wheel assembly in this application is in a locked state.

[0024] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the driving wheel assembly in the present application is in an unlocked state.

[0025] Fig.10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-fall device of the present application installed on a handrail with an elliptical cross-section.

[0026] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the anti-fall device of the present application is installed on a handrail with a circular cross-section.

[0027] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unlocking component in this application.

[0028] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the unlocking assembly in this application drives the driving wheel assembly to be in a locked state.

[0029] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the unlocking assembly in this application drives the driving wheel assembly to be in an unlocked state.

[0030] In the figure: climbing ladder 100, handrail 110, magnetic plate 111, climbing pole 120, support pole 130, anti-fall device 2, housing 21, mounting hole 210, through slot 211, rack plate 212, first guide slot 213, second guide slot 214, fixed wheel assembly 22, first bracket 221, threaded rod 2210, first roller 222, nut 223, moving wheel assembly 23, second bracket 231, support column 2310, mounting slot 2311, Slot 2312, rolling groove 2314, center hole 2315, second roller 232, gear 233, connecting shaft 2330, bolt hole 2331, positioning block 234, ball 235, bolt 236, unlocking assembly 24, traction plate 241, U-shaped groove 2410, pin 242, spherical block 2420, pull plate 243, connecting hole 2430, ball joint sleeve 2431, lifting ring 244, connecting seat 245, guide wheel 2451, spring 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that in the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms should not be understood as necessarily being directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating directions and positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of narrating the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0037] One of the preferred embodiments of the present application is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a gantry crane with an anti-falling function includes a gantry (not shown), a climbing ladder 100 and an anti-falling device 2. The climbing ladder 100 is installed on the gantry and handrails 110 are provided on both sides; the anti-falling device 2 is clamped and installed on the handrail 110 through a clamping cavity and connected to the climber through a safety rope; the specific connection method between the safety rope and the climber is not limited, and it is only necessary to ensure sufficient connection strength. The anti-falling device 2 includes a housing 21, a plurality of roller assemblies and an unlocking assembly 24. The cross section of the housing 21 is arc-shaped and is provided with an opening, so that when the anti-falling device 2 is installed, the anti-falling device 2 can be installed on the handrail 110 through the opening of the housing 21. A plurality of roller assemblies are installed on the housing 21 along the circumferential direction of the housing 21, and a clamping cavity can be formed between the plurality of roller assemblies, that is, the anti-falling device 2 is installed and subsequently prevented from falling by clamping the roller assembly and the handrail 110. The unlocking assembly 24 is installed on the housing 21 and cooperates with the roller assembly, and the safety rope is connected to the unlocking assembly 24; the unlocking assembly 24 is located in the first position in the natural state or when it is subjected to the downward pulling force of the safety rope, thereby driving the rolling direction of part or all of the roller assemblies to have an angle with the axis of the handrail 110, so that the anti-falling device 2 is locked with the handrail 110 to prevent falling, and the anti-falling device 2 will not be able to move along the handrail 110. The unlocking assembly 24 is located in the second position when it is subjected to the upward force of the safety rope, thereby driving the rolling direction of the roller assembly to be parallel to the axis of the handrail 110, and the locking of the anti-falling device 2 is released, and it can move along the handrail 110.

[0038] It should be known that the conventional fall prevention method for the gantry driver when climbing along the climbing ladder 100 is to tie a safety rope around the driver's waist, and the other end of the safety rope is connected to a lock buckle. When climbing along the climbing ladder 100, the driver needs to buckle the lock buckle on the climbing ladder 100 to prevent falling. However, the buckle is required to remove the buckle and buckle it to a new height position every time the driver climbs a certain distance, which makes the operation process of the entire fall prevention measure more cumbersome and distracts the driver's attention when climbing.

[0039] In the present embodiment, the anti-fall device 2 is in a locked state in a natural state and when subjected to a downward pulling force, and is unlocked only when the unlocking assembly 24 is subjected to an upward pulling force. Therefore, when the driver of the gantry climbs upward along the climbing ladder 100, there is no need to operate the anti-fall device 2. During the upward climbing process, the driver can continuously apply an upward pulling force to the unlocking assembly 24 through the safety rope to drive the anti-fall device 2 to unlock and move up synchronously with the driver. When the driver climbs downward along the climbing ladder 100, he only needs to pull the safety rope upward after descending a certain height. At this time, the anti-fall device 2 can automatically move downward under the action of gravity after being unlocked. Compared with the traditional locking method, the present application can effectively simplify the operation process while achieving anti-fall.

[0040] It is understandable that the climbing ladder 100 used for gantry climbing can be an escalator or a straight ladder. Due to the installation space requirements of the gantry, even if the climbing ladder 100 adopts an escalator, its slope is relatively steep, and anti-falling measures still need to be taken. For an escalator, the handrails 110 on both sides of it just protrude in height, which can facilitate the installation of the anti-falling device 2. If the climbing ladder 100 adopts a straight ladder, in order to facilitate the installation of the anti-falling device 2, handrails 110 need to be set on both sides, and they need to protrude to a certain extent to avoid hindering the normal movement of the anti-falling device 2. For the sake of ease of understanding, the specific structural design of the climbing ladder 100 when it adopts a straight ladder will be described in detail below.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the climbing ladder 100 includes a handrail 110, a climbing rod 120 and a support rod 130. There are multiple climbing rods 120, which are arranged at intervals in the height direction. The climbing rod 120 is arranged horizontally and transversely for the driver to climb. Both ends of the climbing rod 120 are welded or fastened to the gantry through the support rod 130. The support rod 130 protrudes from the climbing rod 120 in the horizontal direction away from the gantry, so that the handrail 110 is vertically arranged by connecting with the protruding end of the climbing rod 120.

[0042] It can also be understood that when the rolling direction of the roller assembly is parallel to the axial direction of the handrail 110, the roller assembly can roll upward or downward along the handrail 110 through the corresponding roller. When the rolling direction of the roller assembly is inclined with the axial direction of the handrail 110, the roller will produce a rolling trend along the inclined direction through contact with the handrail 110, but the anti-fall device 2 can only move axially through the multi-point contact with the handrail 110 through the clamping cavity, and cannot move along the radial direction of the handrail 110, which causes the rolling direction of the roller to be inconsistent with the required moving direction and produces friction locking. That is, the rolling friction between the roller and the handrail 110 is converted into sliding friction, and the movement trend of the roller drives the sliding friction to gradually increase; at this time, the roller and the handrail 110 can achieve anti-falling through friction self-locking.

[0043] In order to ensure that the roller and the handrail 110 have sufficient friction, the friction coefficient between the roller and the handrail 110 needs to be increased as much as possible. The handrail 110 is generally made of steel, and the roller can be made of cast iron or resin-based friction material with sufficient strength; of course, the surface of the handrail 110 and the roller can also be knurled to increase the friction coefficient between the two.

[0044] In this embodiment, there are many specific numbers and configurations of the roller assembly that can achieve the above functions. For ease of understanding, a detailed description will be given below using one specific method. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the plurality of roller assemblies include a fixed wheel assembly 22 and two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23. The fixed wheel assembly 22 is mounted at the middle of the housing 21 along the circumferential direction, and the fixed wheel assembly 22 always keeps the rolling direction parallel to the axial direction of the handrail bar 110. The two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23 are mounted on both sides of the fixed wheel assembly 22, so that the fixed wheel assembly 22 and the two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23 cooperate to form a clamping cavity with an enclosing angle greater than 180°. The moving wheel assembly 23 cooperates with the unlocking assembly 24, so that the moving wheel assembly 23 deflects relative to the handrail bar 110 under the drive of the unlocking assembly 24.

[0045] It should be known that two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23 and one fixed wheel assembly 22 can form three spaced contact points in the circumferential direction of the handrail 110. The three contact points can form an equivalent circle surrounding the outer contour of the handrail 110. Then, along the contour direction of the equivalent circle, the path that one moving wheel assembly 23 passes through when passing through the fixed wheel assembly 22 to reach the other moving wheel assembly 23 is the contour shape of the clamping cavity, and the central angle corresponding to the path is the enclosing angle of the clamping cavity.

[0046] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the clamping cavity can be stably clamped and connected to the handrail 110, the encirclement angle must be at least greater than 180°; of course, in order to ensure that the anti-fall device 2 can operate normally, the encirclement angle of the clamping cavity should not be too large, and can generally be selected between 220° and 300°.

[0047] It is understandable that for the gantries in different usage scenarios, the diameter and shape of the handrail 110 may be different. Generally speaking, the cross-sectional shape of the handrail 110 may be circular or elliptical; the diameter of the corresponding support rod 130 may also be different; therefore, in order to facilitate the adaptation of handrails 110 with different structures in this embodiment, the contour size of the clamping cavity can be designed to be adjustable. Specifically, the fixed wheel assembly 22 can be adjusted in the radial direction of the shell 21, and the moving wheel assembly 23 can be adjusted in the radial and circumferential directions of the shell 21, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional shape and size of the clamping cavity. There are many specific adjustment design methods for the fixed wheel assembly 22 and the moving wheel assembly 23, which will be described in detail below.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, a mounting hole 210 is provided in the middle of the housing 21; the fixed wheel assembly 22 includes a first bracket 221, a first roller 222 and a pair of nuts 223. The first bracket 221 is U-shaped, and the opening position of the first bracket 221 is used as the first end to be rotatably connected with the first roller 222 on the inner side of the housing 21, and the second end opposite to the first bracket 221 passes through the mounting hole 210 along the radial direction of the housing 21 through the threaded rod 2210 to extend to the outer side of the housing 21. Both nuts 223 are mounted on the threaded rod 2210, and the two nuts 223 are respectively located on the inner side and the outer side of the housing 21, so that after the position adjustment of the first roller 222 along the radial direction of the housing 21 is completed, the two nuts 223 are respectively tightened with the inner side and the outer side of the housing 21 to achieve locking. Therefore, during the movement of the anti-fall device 2, the first roller 222 can always maintain rolling cooperation with the handrail rod 110 to achieve guidance.

[0049] It should be known that the handrail rod 110 needs to be connected through the support rod 130. In order to ensure that the anti-fall device 2 does not contact the support rod 130 when moving axially along the handrail rod 110, the anti-fall device 2 needs to be limited; that is, the anti-fall device 2 will not generate movement along the circumferential direction of the handrail rod 110 during the movement along the handrail rod 110, so as to avoid interference with the support rod 130.

[0050] As can be seen from the above, the cross-sectional shape of the handrail 110 is generally an ellipse or a circle. When the cross-sectional shape of the handrail 110 is an ellipse, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the fixed wheel assembly 22 will be against one end of the short axis of the elliptical cross-section of the handrail rod 110, and the two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23 will be located at both ends of the long axis of the elliptical cross-section of the handrail rod 110 and deviate from the position of the fixed wheel assembly 22; at this time, the fixed wheel assembly 22 and the two sets of moving wheel assemblies 23 are restricted by the elliptical structure in the circumferential direction and cannot be deflected, so there is no need to set an additional structure to limit the anti-fall device 2.

[0051] When the cross-sectional shape of the handrail 110 is circular, Fig.11 As shown, the fixed wheel assembly 22 and the moving wheel assembly 23 can only rely on friction to limit the position in the circumferential direction of the handrail 110, and their limiting ability may be relatively weak. Therefore, a magnetic plate 111 can be installed in the area corresponding to the fixed wheel assembly 22 on the inner side of the handrail; at the same time, the first roller 222 is magnetically set so that the first roller 222 and the magnetic plate 111 are magnetically attracted to achieve limiting.

[0052] It is understandable that there are many specific ways of attracting the first roller 222 and the magnetic plate 111. In order to improve the limiting ability, the magnetic plate 111 can be provided with multiple magnetic poles in the circumferential direction, such as three consecutive magnetic poles of NSN; at the same time, the corresponding magnetic pole of the first roller 222 is set to N, so that when the first roller 222 is installed, the N pole can be attracted to the S pole on the magnetic plate 111. And when the anti-falling device 2 is driven to move in the circumferential direction, the magnetic plate 111 suppresses the circular motion trend of the anti-falling device 2 through the suction force generated by the S pole and the centering repulsion generated by the N poles on both sides of the S pole on the first roller 222.

[0053] In this embodiment, Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both sides of the housing 21 are provided with through grooves 211 extending in the circumferential direction; the moving wheel assembly 23 includes a second bracket 231, a second roller 232 and a positioning assembly. The second bracket 231 is U-shaped, and the opening position of the second bracket 231 is rotatably connected to the second roller 232 on the inner side of the housing 21 as the first end, and the second end opposite to the second bracket 231 passes through the through groove 211 along the radial direction of the housing 21 through the support column 2310 to extend to the outer side of the housing 21. The positioning assembly is installed on the support column 2310, and the positioning assembly can be locked with the housing 21 after the second bracket 231 is adjusted in the radial and / or circumferential direction of the housing 21. The unlocking assembly 24 cooperates with the support column 2310, so that the support column 2310 swings around its own axis relative to the positioning assembly under the drive of the unlocking assembly 24, thereby driving the rolling direction of the second roller 232 to be parallel or inclined to the axial direction of the handrail 110.

[0054] For ease of understanding, the specific situation when the second roller 232 is parallel or inclined to the axial direction of the handrail rod 110 will be described in detail below. Figure 8 As shown, the position state of the second roller 232 when the anti-fall device 2 is in a natural state or subjected to the downward pulling force of the safety rope, at this time, the extension direction of the axis A of the second roller 232 is inclined to the radial direction of the handrail rod 110, and the angle is α. At this time, if the anti-fall device 2 is subjected to the downward force, the second roller 232 will generate a movement trend in the C direction under the action of the downward force, and the movement trend in the C direction can be decomposed into an axial sub-movement trend and a circumferential sub-movement trend, and the sub-movement trends of the two groups of second rollers 232 in the circumferential direction are relative. Restricted by the cross-sectional shape of the handrail bar 110, the second roller 232 cannot move in a circular direction, so that the movement tendency of the second roller 232 in the axial direction of the handrail bar 110 is also limited, and the second roller 232 will not be able to roll. At this time, there is sliding friction between the second roller 232 and the handrail bar 110, and the two groups of second rollers 232 have a tendency to move toward the fixed wheel assembly 22; in this trend direction, the distance between the contact points of the two groups of second rollers 232 and the handrail bar 110 gradually increases, thereby increasing the friction between the second roller 232 and the handrail bar 110 to achieve self-locking.

[0055] When the anti-fall device 2 is subjected to the upward pulling force of the safety rope, Fig. 9 As shown, the second roller 232 will be deflected around the axis of the support column 2310 until the axis A of the second roller 232 is parallel to the radial direction of the handrail rod 110. At this time, the rolling direction of the second roller 232 is parallel to the axial direction of the handrail rod 110. Therefore, the anti-fall device 2 can move upward along the handrail rod 110 under the action of the upper pulling force. At this time, the upper pulling force is greater than the gravity of the anti-fall device 2; or, the anti-fall device 2 can move downward along the handrail rod 110 under the action of its own gravity. At this time, the upper pulling force is less than the gravity of the anti-fall device 2.

[0056] It can be understood that the number of driving wheel assemblies 23 in each group can be set to multiple, so as to further increase the friction self-locking capability; the specific number of driving wheel assemblies 23 in each group can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the number of driving wheel assemblies 23 in each group is preferably two. There are many specific settings for the two driving wheel assemblies 23. For ease of understanding, one of the specific settings will be described in detail below.

[0057] Specifically, Figure 3 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the two moving wheel assemblies 23 of each group are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the housing 21, and the two moving wheel assemblies 23 of each group are synchronously swung toward or away from each other under the drive of the unlocking assembly 24. When the rolling direction of the second rollers 232 corresponding to the two moving wheel assemblies 23 of each group is inclined with the axial direction of the handrail 110, the ends of the two second rollers 232 close to the fixed wheel assembly 22 are away from each other. And when the anti-fall device 2 is installed, the handrail 110 is biased toward the direction close to the fixed wheel assembly 22.

[0058] It is understandable that for the handrail 110 with an elliptical cross section, Fig.10 As shown, when the anti-fall device 2 is installed, based on its structural characteristics, the handrail 110 itself is offset from the housing 21 in the direction close to the fixed wheel assembly 22. At this time, when the second roller 232 is frictionally locked, the contact point D between the second roller 232 and the handrail 110 is located on the side of the second roller 232 close to the fixed wheel assembly 22. When the cross-sectional shape of the handrail 110 is circular, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, by adjusting the positions of the fixed wheel assembly 22 and the moving wheel assembly 23, the handrail bar 110 is offset by a distance e in the direction close to the fixed wheel assembly 22. The specific value of the offset distance e can be selected according to the actual needs of those skilled in the art, and the value of e is ≥ 0. At this time, when the second roller 232 is frictionally locked, the contact point D between the second roller 232 and the handrail bar 110 is located on the side of the second roller 232 close to the fixed wheel assembly 22; this can further improve the stability of the structural inclination of the second roller 232 when locked.

[0059] In this embodiment, there are multiple specific structures of the positioning assembly that can lock the position of the second bracket 231 without hindering the deflection of the second bracket 231. For ease of understanding, one of the structures will be described in detail below. Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a rack plate 212 is provided on the side of the through slot 211 on the outer side of the housing 21; a plurality of mounting slots 2311 are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the support column 2310, and the mounting slots 2311 penetrate along the radial direction of the support column 2310 and are fan-shaped, and a center hole 2315 penetrating all the mounting slots 2311 is provided at the center of the support column 2310. The positioning assembly includes a connecting shaft 2330, a positioning block 234, and a bolt 236; the connecting shaft 2330 can be installed in the corresponding mounting slot 2311 according to the position requirement of the support column 2310 along the radial direction of the housing 21, and the end of the connecting shaft 2330 is used to install a gear 233 meshing with the rack plate 212. The positioning block 234 is rotatably sleeved on the support column 2310 and fits the inner side of the housing 21. A bolt hole 2331 is provided in the middle of the connecting shaft 2330. When the second bracket 231 rotates to a set position along the circumferential direction of the housing 21, the bolt 236 passes through the center hole 2315 and cooperates with the bolt hole 2331, so that the position of the moving wheel assembly 23 is locked through the cooperation of the gear 233 and the rack plate 212. The support column 2310 swings relative to the connecting shaft 2330 through the mounting slot 2311 under the drive of the unlocking assembly 24.

[0060] It should be known that the specific number of mounting grooves 2311 and the spacing between adjacent mounting grooves 2311 can be selected according to the actual needs of those skilled in the art. In order to improve the locking stability of the gear 233 and the rack plate 212, gears 233 are installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 2330, and corresponding rack plates 212 are provided on both sides of the through groove 211. The positioning block 234 is in an arc shape concentric with the housing 21 on one side close to the housing 21, and there are multiple positioning blocks 234, and the thickness of the multiple positioning blocks 234 is different. According to the different installation positions of the connecting shaft 2330, the positioning block 234 of the corresponding thickness can be selected; through the fitting of the positioning block 234 with the inner side of the housing 21, the axis of the support column 2310 can be ensured to coincide with the radial direction of the housing 21, and the positioning block 234 cooperates with the meshing of the gear 233 and the rack plate 212 to achieve position locking by fitting with the inner side of the housing 21. Specifically, when the support column 2310 is adjusted to the set position, the connecting shaft 2330 cooperates with the bolt 236 through the bolt hole 2331, so that the rotation of the connecting shaft 2330 is restricted, that is, the rolling of the gear 233 along the rack plate 212 is restricted, and then the engagement of the gear 233 and the rack plate 212 will limit the movement of the entire positioning assembly along the groove 211 to achieve position locking.

[0061] Through the meshing of the gear 233 and the rack plate 212, the degree of freedom of the connecting shaft 2330 in the circumferential direction of the support column 2310 is limited. However, since the mounting groove 2311 is fan-shaped, the degree of freedom of rotation of the support column 2310 relative to the connecting shaft 2330 is not completely limited, and the rotation angle of the supporting column 2310 depends on the fan-shaped angle of the mounting groove 2311. The fan-shaped angle of the mounting groove 2311 must be at least equal to the deflection angle α of the second roller 232. That is, when the supporting column 2310 is driven by the unlocking component 24, it can rotate at a set angle, and at this time, the connecting shaft 2330 slides relatively along the fan-shaped expansion direction of the mounting groove 2311 until the deflection angle of the second roller 232 reaches α.

[0062] It is understandable that the positioning block 234 remains stationary relative to the housing 21 when the support column 2310 rotates by fitting with the inner side of the housing 21, and friction will be generated between the positioning block 234 and the second bracket 231. This friction may hinder the deflection of the second roller 232, making the self-locking of the second roller 232 not smooth. Therefore, in this embodiment, the friction resistance between the positioning block 234 and the second bracket 231 needs to be reduced as much as possible. There are many specific implementation methods, and one of the specific methods will be described in detail below.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, the two sides of the positioning block 234 and the second bracket 231 opposite to each other are provided with rolling grooves 2314, and the rolling grooves 2314 are annular around the axis direction of the support column 2310; the two rolling grooves 2314 cooperate to form a raceway, and a plurality of balls 235 are installed in the raceway. The sliding friction between the positioning block 234 and the second bracket 231 is converted into rolling friction by the balls 235 to reduce the friction resistance. Of course, lubricating oil can also be injected into the raceway to further reduce the friction resistance.

[0064] In this embodiment, there are many specific structures of the unlocking component 24 that can achieve the above functions. For the sake of easy understanding, the following will be described in detail using one of the structures. Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 12 to Figure 14As shown, both sides of the housing 21 are provided with first guide grooves 213 extending in the circumferential direction, and the first guide grooves 213 are located in the middle of the two through grooves 211 on the same side; the lower part of the housing 21 along the installation direction is provided with second guide grooves 214 extending axially, and the top of each support column 2310 is provided with a slot 2312. The unlocking assembly 24 includes a spring 25, two groups of traction plates 241, a pair of arc-shaped pull plates 243 and a connecting seat 245. The first ends of the two traction plates 241 of each group are hinged by a pin 242, and the second ends of the two traction plates 241 of each group are slidably plugged with the slots 2312 provided on the corresponding side support column 2310 through the provided U-shaped grooves 2410, so that when the traction plates 241 rotate around the first end, the support column 2310 can be driven to rotate synchronously. The pin 242 is slidably matched with the corresponding first guide groove 213; the first ends of the two pull plates 243 are respectively spherically hinged with the pins 242 on the corresponding sides, and the second ends of the two pull plates 243 overlap each other to connect the safety rope. The connecting seat 245 is rolling matched with the inner side of the shell 21 and connected to the pull plate 243 through the connecting piece passing through the second guide groove 214; the pull plate 243 and the shell 21 are elastically connected by the spring 25.

[0065] When the pull plate 243 is substantially free from the tension of the safety rope, the pull plate 243 is in a natural state, and the pull plate 243 can be in the first position under the elastic force of the spring 25, and the second end of the pull plate 243 is vertically located below the first end. Accordingly, the traction plate 241, driven by the pull plate 243, drives the support column 2310 to keep the rolling direction of the second roller 232 inclined to the axial direction of the handrail 110, so that the anti-fall device 2 and the handrail 110 are frictionally self-locked.

[0066] When the pull plate 243 is subjected to the downward pulling force of the safety rope, that is, when the climber falls, the force direction of the pull plate 243 is basically consistent with the elastic force direction of the spring 25, so that the entire anti-fall device 2 maintains friction self-locking, and based on the pulling force of the safety rope, the entire anti-fall device 2 tends to move in the direction of increasing friction force, so as to further improve the effect of friction self-locking.

[0067] When the pull plate 243 is pulled upward by the safety rope, the pull plate 243 will overcome the elastic force of the spring 25 and rotate around the pin shaft 242. At this time, the connecting seat 245 can keep the second end of the pull plate 243 equal to or reduce the distance between the shell 21 during the movement by rolling along the inner side of the shell 21. Then, the first end of the pull plate 243 will drive the pin shaft 242 to slide along the first guide groove 213, and then can drive the traction plate 241 together with the support column 2310 to rotate. At this time, due to the change in distance between the traction plate 241 and the support column 2310, relative sliding between the U-shaped groove 2410 and the slot 2312 will occur.

[0068] It should be known that in order to ensure that the anti-fall device 2 can automatically move downward when the climber climbs downward, the elastic force of the spring 25 overcome by the pull plate 243 when driving the second roller 232 to unlock must be less than the gravity of the entire anti-fall device 2; that is, the elastic coefficient of the spring 25 needs to be designed to be as large as possible under the above conditions, so that the second roller 232 can be quickly and automatically locked; of course, multiple springs 25 can also be set to increase the elastic force. At the same time, the pull plate 243 is designed to be two, so that when the moving wheel assembly 23 is adjusted in position, the position change of the pin shaft 242 can be adapted by the different overlapping lengths of the second ends of the two pull plates 243.

[0069] It is understandable that for the ball joint of the pull plate 243 and the pin 242, a spherical block 2420 may be provided on the pin 242, and a spherical joint sleeve 2431 may be provided at the first end of the pull plate 243, and both ends of the spherical joint sleeve 2431 are provided with openings, so that the pin 242 can be slidably matched with the first guide groove 213 to achieve guidance while being hinged with the spherical block 2420 and the spherical joint sleeve 2431. Since the position of the moving wheel assembly 23 may need to be adjusted, and the pull plate 243 will rotate when subjected to an upward pulling force, so that the relative position change between the pull plate 243 and the pin 242 is multi-directional, the pull plate 243 is hinged with the pin 242 in this embodiment.

[0070] It can also be understood that the pull plate 243 drives the traction plate 241 to rotate mainly by the first end of the ball joint with the pin 242 changing its position along the first guide groove 213 based on the unchanged or reduced spacing between the second end of the pull plate 243 and the housing 21 when the pull plate 243 is subjected to an upward pulling force to move, thereby achieving the rotation drive of the traction plate 241. There are many specific implementation methods for realizing this function. For the sake of easy understanding, a specific example will be used for detailed description below.

[0071] Specifically, Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, when the anti-fall device 2 is in the friction self-locking state, the pull plate 243 tilts downward as a whole, and the second end of the pull plate 243 is located below the first end under the elastic force of the spring 25. When the second end of the pull plate 243 is subjected to an upward pulling force, the pull plate 243 will rotate around the first end, and at this time, the second end of the pull plate 243 will gradually move away from the housing 21 in theory, but due to the restriction of the connecting seat 245, the distance between the second end of the pull plate 243 and the housing 21 remains unchanged or gradually decreases, and then the first end of the pull plate 243 will drive the pin 242 to slide along the first guide groove 213 to drive the traction plate 241 to rotate.

[0072] It should be known that since the pull plate 243 needs to be reset to a natural state under the elastic force of the spring 25, the friction resistance between the connecting seat 245 and the inner side of the shell 21 will hinder the reset of the pull plate 243 during the reset of the pull plate 243. Therefore, in this embodiment, the connecting seat 245 and the inner side of the shell 21 are roller-matched to reduce the friction. Specifically, a guide wheel 2451 can be installed on the connecting seat 245 to roll with the inner side of the shell 21.

[0073] At the same time, there are various types of connecting parts between the connecting seat 245 and the pull plate 243, for example, a lifting ring 244 can be used; that is, a plurality of continuous connecting holes 2430 are provided at the second end positions of the two pull plates 243. When the two pull plates 243 are adjusted to a suitable position, the lifting ring 244 can pass through the connecting hole 2430 in the middle of the overlapping area of ​​the two pull plates 243 through a screw and extend along the second guide groove 214 to the inner side of the shell 21 and be threaded and tightened with the connecting seat 245. The safety rope used to connect with the pull plate 243 can be fastened or buckled with the lifting ring 244.

[0074] It should be noted that for the moving wheel assembly 23 in different positions, the second ends of the two pull plates 243 may not fit completely together, so that the axis of the connecting hole 2430 between the two may have a certain deviation. Therefore, when designing the connecting hole 2430, the diameter of the connecting hole 2430 may be designed to be larger than the screw diameter of the lifting ring 244. In the case that the connecting holes 2430 of the two pull plates 243 may be misaligned, the moving wheel assembly 23 may be fine-tuned to keep them basically aligned; of course, the pull plates 243 may also ensure that the connecting holes 2430 on the two pull plates 243 are basically aligned by performing a certain degree of elastic deformation themselves.

[0075] The above describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the specification only describe the principles of the present application. The present application may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application for which protection is sought. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gantry crane with an anti-fall function, characterized in that: It includes a gantry, a climbing ladder and an anti-fall device; the climbing ladder is installed on the gantry and handrails are arranged on both sides; the anti-fall device is installed on the handrails through a clamping cavity and connected to the climber through a safety rope; the anti-fall device includes: A shell; the cross section of the shell is arc-shaped and is provided with an opening; A plurality of roller assemblies; the plurality of roller assemblies are installed on the housing at intervals along the circumferential direction to form the clamping cavity; An unlocking assembly; the unlocking assembly is mounted on the housing and cooperates with the roller assembly, and the safety rope is connected to the unlocking assembly; The unlocking assembly is located at the first position in a natural state or when subjected to a downward pulling force from the safety rope, thereby driving the rolling direction of part or all of the roller assemblies to form an angle with the axis of the handrail rod; The unlocking assembly is located at the second position when the upward force of the safety rope is applied, thereby driving the rolling direction of the roller assembly to be parallel to the axis of the handrail rod.

2. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of roller assemblies include: a fixed wheel assembly; the fixed wheel assembly is mounted at the middle of the housing along the circumferential direction, and the fixed wheel assembly always keeps the rolling direction parallel to the axial direction of the handrail; and Two groups of moving wheel assemblies; the two groups of moving wheel assemblies are installed on both sides of the fixed wheel assembly, so that the fixed wheel assembly and the two groups of moving wheel assemblies cooperate to form the clamping cavity with an enclosing angle greater than 180°; the moving wheel assembly cooperates with the unlocking assembly, so that the moving wheel assembly is deflected relative to the handrail rod under the drive of the unlocking assembly.

3. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed wheel assembly is suitable for position adjustment along the radial direction of the shell, and the moving wheel assembly is suitable for position adjustment along the radial and circumferential directions of the shell, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional shape and size of the clamping cavity.

4. The gantry crane with anti-falling function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The housing is provided with a mounting hole; the fixed wheel assembly comprises: First roller; a first bracket; a first end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the first roller at the inner side of the shell, and a second end of the first bracket passes through the mounting hole along the radial direction of the shell through a threaded rod to extend to the outer side of the shell; and A pair of nuts; both nuts are mounted on the threaded rod to be tightened with the inner side and the outer side of the shell respectively; the position of the first roller is adjusted by adjusting the tightening position of the nuts and the threaded rod.

5. The gantry crane with anti-falling function as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the shell are provided with through grooves extending in the circumferential direction; the moving wheel assembly comprises: Second roller; A second bracket; a first end of the second bracket is rotatably connected to the second roller on the inner side of the shell, and a second end of the second bracket passes through the through slot along the radial direction of the shell through a support column to extend to the outer side of the shell; and A positioning assembly; the positioning assembly is mounted on the support column, and the positioning assembly is suitable for being locked with the shell after the second bracket is adjusted in position along the radial and / or circumferential direction of the shell; The unlocking assembly cooperates with the support column so that the support column, driven by the unlocking assembly, swings around its own axis relative to the positioning assembly, thereby driving the rolling direction of the second roller to be parallel or inclined to the axial direction of the handrail rod.

6. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the housing is provided with a rack plate at the side of the through slot; the support column is provided with a plurality of mounting slots at intervals along the axial direction, the mounting slots penetrate along the radial direction of the support column and are fan-shaped, and the center of the support column is provided with a center hole penetrating all the mounting slots; the positioning assembly includes: A connecting shaft; the connecting shaft is suitable for being installed in the corresponding mounting groove according to the radial position requirement of the support column along the housing, the end of the connecting shaft is used to install a gear meshing with the rack plate, and a bolt hole is provided in the middle of the connecting shaft; A positioning block; the positioning block is rotatably sleeved on the support column and fits with the inner side of the housing; and Bolt; when the second bracket rotates to a set position along the circumferential direction of the shell, the bolt passes through the center hole and cooperates with the bolt hole, so that the position of the moving wheel assembly is locked through the cooperation between the gear and the rack plate; The support column is driven by the unlocking assembly to swing relative to the connecting shaft through the mounting slot.

7. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 6, characterized in that: Rolling grooves are arranged on opposite sides of the positioning block and the second bracket, and the rolling grooves are annular around the axis direction of the support column; the two rolling grooves cooperate to form a rolling track, and a plurality of balls are installed in the rolling track.

8. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the handrail rod is circular, and a magnetic plate is installed in the area on the inner side corresponding to the fixed wheel assembly; when installing the anti-fall device, the handrail rod is biased in a direction close to the fixed wheel assembly; the first roller is magnetically arranged so that the first roller and the magnetic plate are magnetically attracted.

9. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: There are two moving wheel assemblies in each group, and the two moving wheel assemblies are spaced apart along the axial direction of the housing. The two moving wheel assemblies in each group are driven by the unlocking assembly to swing toward or away from each other synchronously. When the rolling directions of the second rollers corresponding to the two moving wheel assemblies in each group are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the handrail rod, the ends of the two second rollers close to the fixed wheel assembly move away from each other.

10. The gantry crane with anti-falling function according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both sides of the housing are provided with first guide grooves extending in the circumferential direction, and the lower part of the housing is provided with a second guide groove extending axially; the unlocking assembly comprises: Two groups of traction plates; the first ends of the two traction plates of each group are hinged by a pin, the second ends of the two traction plates of each group are slidably plugged with the support columns on the corresponding sides through the provided U-shaped grooves, and the pins are slidably matched with the corresponding first guide grooves; A pair of arc-shaped pull plates; the first ends of the two pull plates are respectively spherically hinged with the pin shafts on the corresponding sides, and the second ends of the two pull plates overlap each other to connect the safety rope; The connecting seat is in rolling engagement with the inner side of the housing and is connected to the pull plate through a connecting member passing through the second guide groove; and Spring; the pull plate is elastically connected to the housing through the spring, and the pull plate is in a first position under the elastic force of the spring or the downward pull of the safety rope, at which time the second end of the pull plate is located below the first end; When the pull plate is pulled upward by the safety rope, the pull plate is suitable for rotating around the pin shaft to a second position; during the movement of the pull plate, the connecting seat is suitable for driving the second end of the pull plate to be equal in distance or have a reduced distance with the shell, and then the first end of the pull plate drives the pin shaft to slide along the first guide groove to drive the traction plate to rotate together with the support column.

Images