A high-temperature resistant, oxidation-resistant and wear-resistant coating material and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating material and a preparation method thereof. The characteristics are that oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder is introduced as a binder phase, V2O5 is used as a self-lubricating phase, and a Cr3C2-based protective coating is prepared by APS, and through shot peening treatment and heat treatment, a coating with a phase composition of Cr3C2 + V2O5 containing Ni 2+ and having short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes, which is high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear resistant. The present invention overcomes the problem of insufficient high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance of the coatings prepared by the prior art, and can be used in the fields of power equipment, aerospace, petrochemical industry, metallurgical engineering, textile and papermaking, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coating material and a preparation method thereof, and particularly to a coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the fields of new materials, high-end manufacturing and surface engineering. Background Art

[0002] Key components serving in fields such as power equipment (gas turbines, steam turbines), aerospace, petrochemical industry, metallurgical engineering, textile and papermaking are severely oxidized and worn at high temperatures. Coating materials for gas turbine components are very important for improving their service life.

[0003] CN116479362A discloses a spraying-laser composite preparation method for a metal ceramic strengthening layer on the surface of a titanium alloy. Step 1 is part cleaning; Step 2 is laser surface pretreatment of the titanium alloy part; Step 3 is to verify the surface state, surface roughness and cross-sectional metallographic structure of the titanium alloy substrate after laser surface pretreatment; Step 4 is the preparation of the metal ceramic coating; Step 5 is to detect whether the performance and microstructural state of the prepared Cr3C2-NiCr metal ceramic coating meet the standards; Step 6 is laser surface post-treatment of the Cr3C2-NiCr metal ceramic coating; Step 7 is to detect whether the tissue performance of the Cr3C2-NiCr metal ceramic coating after laser surface post-treatment is qualified and whether the change in the substrate performance is within a reasonable range. The present invention uses laser pretreatment to change the surface state of the titanium alloy substrate and avoid the generation of interfacial inclusions. Pulse laser post-treatment is used to eliminate inherent defects such as pores and oxidation inclusions in the thermal spray coating.

[0004] CN103266293A discloses a WC-Cr3C2-Ni thermal spray powder and a preparation method and use thereof. Among them, the WC-Cr3C2-Ni thermal spray powder includes: 72.5 parts by weight of tungsten carbide mixture; 20.5 parts by weight of chromium carbide; 7.0 parts by weight of nickel; 0.5 parts by weight of titanium carbide; and 0.3 parts by weight of an organic antioxidant. Among them, the tungsten carbide mixture includes: 5-26.5 parts by weight of tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.05-0.2 microns; 10-30 parts by weight of tungsten carbide with a particle size of 1.5-2.5 microns; and 12.5-57.5 parts by weight of tungsten carbide with a particle size of 4.0-9.0 microns. The WC-Cr3C2-Ni thermal spray powder of the present invention can improve the relevant performance of the coating after thermal spraying, can not only ensure that the coating has excellent wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and cavitation resistance, but also obtain good coating toughness, and has a wide applicable range.

[0005] However, the high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance of existing coating materials still cannot meet the engineering requirements, and there is an urgent need to develop new coating materials and their preparation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating material and a preparation method thereof. The present invention proposes to introduce an oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder as a binder phase and V2O5 as a self-lubricating phase, and use APS to prepare a Cr3C2-based coating, which is then subjected to shot peening treatment and heat treatment to prepare a coating with a phase composition of Cr3C2 + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 + TiZrNb-O + NiCr, and a high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating containing short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes.

[0007] The high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating material of the present invention is characterized in that the component composition of the coating is: Ni accounts for 12-18 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 2-5 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy accounts for 3-8 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; in the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy, Ti:Zr:Nb = 1:1:1, and the oxygen element content is 1-2 at.%; the phase composition of the high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating material is rhombohedral Cr3C2 + monoclinic Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 + BCC-structured TiZrNb-O + NiCr solid solution. In the BCC-structured TiZrNb-O phase of the coating, short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes with a size of 5-10 nm are formed, and O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in TiZrNb-O.

[0008] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear-resistant coating material of the present invention is characterized by sequentially including the following steps:

[0009] (1) Preparation of oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder: Weigh Ti, Zr, and Nb powders according to a molar ratio of 1:1:1, put them into a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 80-100 h, and obtain a porous spherical powder with an average particle size of 10-20 μm after spray drying; put the spherical powder into a vacuum furnace, keep it at 1100-1200 °C for 20-50 min, and then introduce O2 / Ar and keep it for another 20-50 min to prepare an oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder with an oxygen element content of 1-2 at.% and a BCC phase.

[0010] (2) Preparation of V2O5 sol: Weigh NH4VO3, NiCl2, and CO(NH2)2 according to a molar ratio of 10: (1-2): 50 and add them to deionized water to prepare a solution with a concentration of NH4VO3 in the solution of 0.2-1.0 mol / L. After "stirring-adjusting pH value-stirring", a Ni 2+ -doped V2O5 sol is formed.

[0011] (3)Coating feedstock preparation: Weigh the raw material powders, where Ni powder accounts for 12 - 18 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 2 - 5 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder accounts for 3 - 8 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; the raw material powders are subjected to planetary ball milling for 12 - 24 h, filtered, and spray-dried, then vacuum sintered at 1150 - 1250 °C for 1 - 2 h to prepare porous spherical powder aggregates; take V2O5 such that the molar ratio of V2O5 to Cr3C2 in the spherical powder aggregates is (1 - 2):60, immerse the spherical powder aggregates in the V2O5 sol, and then place them in an electrothermal vacuum drying oven and dry at 100 - 105 °C. After 10 - 15 times of "immersion-drying", all the V2O5 sol is adsorbed into the pores of the spherical powder aggregates and forms V2O5 with a layered structure, and Ni 2+ is located between the layers of the layered structure; the average particle size of the prepared coating feedstock is 30 - 45 μm, and its phase composition is Cr3C2 + Ni-containing V2O5 in monoclinic system 2+ + TiZrNb-O in BCC structure + Ni + Cr solid solution;

[0012] (4)Coating preparation by APS spraying: Use the prepared coating feedstock and APS spraying to prepare a coating on a superalloy substrate. Its phase composition is orthorhombic Cr3C2 + Ni-containing V2O5 in monoclinic structure 2+ + TiZrNb-O in BCC structure + NiCr solid solution, and the coating thickness is 150 - 250 μm;

[0013] (5)Shot peening treatment of the coating: Use cast steel balls with a diameter of 0.2 - 0.5 mm to perform shot peening treatment on the coating. After 10 - 20 min of spraying, plastic deformation occurs on the coating surface, and the dislocation density in the coating increases from (3 - 5)×10 7 mm -2 before shot peening treatment to (1 - 4)×10 8 mm -2 ;

[0014] (6)Heat treatment of the coating: Heat the shot-peened coating in vacuum to 800 - 900 °C, hold for 2 - 5 h, and then cool it in the furnace. Short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes with a size of 5 - 10 nm are formed in the TiZrNb-O phase with BCC structure in the coating, and O atoms are in tetrahedral interstices in TiZrNb-O, and the other phases remain unchanged compared with those after APS spraying.

[0015] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating material of the present invention is further characterized in that:

[0016] (1)When preparing the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder, the initial vacuum degree during sintering treatment is 0.1 - 0.5 Pa, the air pressure of the O2 / Ar mixed atmosphere is 0.1 - 0.5 MPa, and the O2 / Ar flow ratio is 0.1 - 0.2;

[0017] (2)When preparing the V2O5 sol, after the solution is magnetically stirred in a constant temperature water bath at 60 - 70 °C for 30 min, ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value to 7 - 8 and stirring is continued for 30 min;

[0018] (3)When preparing the coating feedstock, after all the spherical powder aggregates are immersed in the V2O5 sol, the drying time each time is 5 - 10 min;

[0019] (4)When preparing the coating by APS spraying, the voltage during spraying is 60 - 70 V, the current is 500 - 600 A, the Ar flow rate is 50 - 60 L / min, and the H2 flow rate is 10 - 15 L / min;

[0020] (5)When performing shot peening treatment on the coating, the spraying angle is 50 - 80°, and the spraying speed is 60 - 90 m / s;

[0021] (6)When performing heat treatment on the coating, the heating rate is 5 - 10 °C / min, and the initial vacuum degree is 1 - 5 Pa.

[0022] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) Introducing the BCC-structured TiZNb medium-entropy alloy as the coating binder phase into the Cr3C2-based coating strengthens the traditional NiCr binder phase. (2) Introducing the O element into the TiZNb medium-entropy alloy, and further strengthening the binder phase by precipitating short-range ordered complexes through heat treatment; (3) V2O5 has a layered structure and acts as a self-lubricating phase in the coating. After Ni doping, its layer spacing increases, further reducing the friction coefficient of the coating and being beneficial to reducing wear. (4) The medium-entropy alloy and the short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes are all beneficial to improving the high-temperature resistance of the coating and playing a good protective role. 2+ (4) The medium-entropy alloy and the short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, Nb-O complexes are all beneficial to improving the high-temperature resistance of the coating and playing a good protective role. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation method of the high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear resistant coating material of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] The composition of the coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is as follows: Ni accounts for 12 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 3 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy accounts for 5 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; in the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy, Ti:Zr:Nb = 1:1:1, and the oxygen element content is 1.1 at.%; the phase composition of the coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is orthorhombic Cr3C2 + monoclinic Ni 2+ -containing V2O5 + BCC-structured TiZrNb-O + NiCr solid solution. In the BCC-structured TiZrNb-O phase of the coating, short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 5 nm are formed, and O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial positions in TiZrNb-O.

[0026] The coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is prepared according to the following steps:

[0027] (1) Preparation of oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder: Weigh Ti, Zr, and Nb powders according to a molar ratio of 1:1:1, put them into a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 80 h, and obtain porous spherical powders with an average particle size of 12 μm after spray drying; put the spherical powders into a vacuum furnace, keep them at 1100 °C for 20 min, the initial vacuum degree of the sintering treatment is 0.2 Pa, then introduce O2 / Ar and keep them at the same temperature for another 20 min, the gas pressure of the O2 / Ar mixed atmosphere is 0.2 MPa, and the flow ratio of O2 / Ar is 0.1, so as to prepare oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder with an oxygen element content of 1.1 at.% and a BCC phase.

[0028] (2) Preparation of V2O5 sol: Weigh NH4VO3, NiCl2, and CO(NH2)2 according to a molar ratio of 10:1:50 and add them to deionized water to prepare a solution with a concentration of NH4VO3 in the solution of 0.2 mol / L. Keep the solution in a constant temperature water bath at 60 °C and stir it magnetically for 30 min, then add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 7 and continue stirring for 30 min to form Ni 2+ -doped V2O5 sol;

[0029] (3) Coating feedstock preparation: Weigh the raw material powders, where Ni powder accounts for 12 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 3 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder accounts for 5 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; the raw material powders are subjected to planetary ball milling for 12 h, filtration, and spray drying, and then vacuum sintered at 1150 °C for 1 h to prepare porous spherical powder aggregates; take V2O5 such that its molar ratio to Cr3C2 in the spherical powder aggregates is 1:60, immerse the spherical powder aggregates in the V2O5 sol, and then place them in an electrothermal vacuum drying oven and dry at 100 °C. After 10 times of "immersion-drying", with a drying time of 8 min each time, the V2O5 sol is completely adsorbed into the pores of the spherical powder aggregates and forms V2O5 with a layered structure, and Ni 2+ is located between the layers of the layered structure; the average particle size of the prepared coating feedstock is 32 μm, and its phase composition is Cr3C2 + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 in monoclinic system + TiZrNb-O in BCC structure + Ni + Cr solid solution;

[0030] (4) Coating preparation by APS spraying: Use the prepared coating feedstock and APS spraying to prepare a coating on a superalloy substrate. During spraying, the voltage is 60 V, the current is 520 A, the Ar flow rate is 50 L / min, and the H2 flow rate is 11 L / min. Its phase composition is Cr3C2 in orthorhombic structure + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 in monoclinic structure + TiZrNb-O in BCC structure + NiCr solid solution, and the coating thickness is 160 μm;

[0031] (5) Shot peening treatment of the coating: Use cast steel balls with a diameter of 0.2 mm to perform shot peening treatment on the coating. The spraying angle is 50°, and the spraying speed is 60 m / s. After 10 min of spraying, plastic deformation occurs on the coating surface, and the dislocation density in the coating increases from 3.1×10 7 mm -2 before shot peening treatment to 1.2×10 8 mm -2 ;

[0032] (6) Heat treatment of the coating: Heat the shot-peened coating in vacuum to 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min, with an initial vacuum degree of 1 Pa. After holding for 2 h, cool it with the furnace. Short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 5 nm are formed in the TiZrNb-O phase with BCC structure in the coating, and O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in TiZrNb-O. The other phases remain unchanged compared with after APS spraying.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] The composition of the coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is as follows: Ni accounts for 18 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 4 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy accounts for 6 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; in the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy, Ti:Zr:Nb = 1:1:1, and the oxygen element content is 1.9 at.%; the phase composition of the coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is orthorhombic Cr3C2 + monoclinic Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 + BCC-structured TiZrNb-O + NiCr solid solution. In the BCC-structured TiZrNb-O phase of the coating, short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 9 nm are formed, and O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in TiZrNb-O.

[0035] The coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance is prepared according to the following steps:

[0036] (1) Preparation of oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder: Weigh Ti, Zr, and Nb powders according to the molar ratio of 1:1:1, put them into a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 90 h, and obtain a porous spherical powder with an average particle size of 16 μm after spray drying; put the spherical powder into a vacuum furnace, keep it at 1200 °C for 40 min, the initial vacuum degree of the sintering treatment is 0.5 Pa, then introduce O2 / Ar and keep it for another 45 min, the gas pressure of the O2 / Ar mixed atmosphere is 0.4 MPa, and the O2 / Ar flow ratio is 0.2 to prepare the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder with an oxygen element content of 1.9 at.% and a BCC phase.

[0037] (2) Preparation of V2O5 sol: Weigh NH4VO3, NiCl2, and CO(NH2)2 according to the molar ratio of 10:2:50 and add them to deionized water to prepare a solution. The concentration of NH4VO3 in the solution is 0.8 mol / L. After stirring the solution magnetically in a 70 °C constant temperature water bath for 30 min, add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8 and continue stirring for 30 min to form Ni 2+ -doped V2O5 sol;

[0038] (3)Coating feedstock preparation: Weigh the raw material powders, with Ni powder accounting for 18 wt.%, Cr powder accounting for 4 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder accounting for 6 wt.%, and the rest being Cr3C2 powder; the raw material powders are subjected to planetary ball milling for 24 h, filtration, and spray drying, and then vacuum sintered at 1250 °C for 2 h to prepare porous spherical powder agglomerates; take V2O5 such that its molar ratio to Cr3C2 in the spherical powder agglomerates is 1.5:60, immerse the spherical powder agglomerates in the V2O5 sol, and then place them in an electrothermal vacuum drying oven and dry at 105 °C. After 13 times of "immersion-drying", with each drying time being 6 min, the V2O5 sol is completely adsorbed into the pores of the spherical powder agglomerates and forms V2O5 with a layered structure, and Ni 2+ is located between the layers of the layered structure; the average particle size of the prepared coating feedstock is 41 μm, and its phase composition is Cr3C2 + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 in the monoclinic system + TiZrNb-O in the BCC structure + Ni + Cr solid solution;

[0039] (4)Coating preparation by APS spraying: Use the prepared coating feedstock and APS spraying to prepare a coating on a superalloy substrate. During spraying, the voltage is 70 V, the current is 580 A, the Ar flow rate is 60 L / min, and the H2 flow rate is 13 L / min. Its phase composition is Cr3C2 in the orthorhombic structure + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 in the monoclinic structure + TiZrNb-O in the BCC structure + NiCr solid solution, and the coating thickness is 220 μm;

[0040] (5)Shot peening treatment of the coating: Use cast steel balls with a diameter of 0.5 mm to perform shot peening treatment on the coating. The spraying angle is 70°, and the spraying speed is 80 m / s. After 15 min of spraying, plastic deformation occurs on the coating surface, and the dislocation density in the coating increases from 3.7×10 7 mm -2 before shot peening treatment to 3.5×10 8 mm -2 ;

[0041] (6)Heat treatment of the coating: Heat the shot-peened coating in a vacuum to 900 °C at a heating rate of 7 °C / min, with an initial vacuum degree of 4 Pa. After holding for 5 h, it is cooled with the furnace. Short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 9 nm are formed in the TiZrNb-O phase with the BCC structure in the coating, and O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial positions in TiZrNb-O. The other phases remain unchanged compared with those after APS spraying.

Claims

1. A coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance, characterized in that It is prepared successively by the following steps: (1) Preparation of oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder: Weigh Ti, Zr, and Nb powders according to a molar ratio of 1:1:1, put them into a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 80 - 100 h, and obtain a porous spherical powder with an average particle size of 10 - 20 μm after spray drying; put the spherical powder into a vacuum furnace, keep it at 1100 - 1200 °C for 20 - 50 min, then introduce a mixed gas of O2 and Ar and keep it for 20 - 50 min to prepare an oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder with an oxygen element content of 1 - 2 at.% and a BCC phase; (2) Preparation of V2O5 sol: Weigh NH4VO3, NiCl2 and CO(NH2)2 according to the molar ratio of 10: (1-2): 50 and add them to deionized water to prepare a solution. The concentration of NH4VO3 in the solution is 0.2-1.0 mol / L. After "stirring - adjusting pH value - stirring", Ni 2+ -doped V2O5 sol is formed; (3) Preparation of coating feedstock: Weigh raw material powders, where Ni powder accounts for 12 - 18 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 2 - 5 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder accounts for 3 - 8 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; the raw material powders are subjected to planetary ball milling for 12 - 24 h, filtered, and spray-dried, and then vacuum sintered at 1150 - 1250 °C for 1 - 2 h to prepare porous spherical powder aggregates; take the V2O5 sol prepared in step (2), and make the molar ratio of it to Cr3C2 in the spherical powder aggregates (1 - 2):

60. Immerse the spherical powder aggregates in the V2O5 sol, and then place them in an electrothermal vacuum drying oven to dry at 100 - 105 °C. After 10 - 15 times of "impregnation-drying", the coating feedstock is obtained. Among them, after 10 - 15 times of "impregnation-drying", the V2O5 sol is completely adsorbed into the pores of the spherical powder aggregates and forms V2O5 with a layered structure, and Ni 2+ is located between the layers of the layered structure; the average particle size of the prepared coating feedstock is 30 - 45 μm, and its phase composition is Cr3C2 + Ni-containing 2+ V2O5 with a monoclinic structure + TiZrNb-O with a BCC structure + Ni + Cr solid solution; (4) Coating preparation by APS spraying: The prepared coating feedstock was used and the coating was prepared on the superalloy substrate by APS spraying. The phase composition of the coating is orthorhombic Cr3C2 + monoclinic V2O5 containing Ni 2+ of + BCC structure TiZrNb-O + NiCr solid solution, and the coating thickness is 150 - 250 μm; (5) Coating shot peening: The coating is shot peened with cast steel balls with a diameter of 0.2 - 0.5 mm. After 10 - 20 minutes of spraying, plastic deformation occurs on the coating surface, and the dislocation density in the coating increases from (3 - 5)×10 7 mm -2 to (1 - 4)×10 8 mm -2 ; (6) Heat treatment of the coating: Heat the shot-peened coating to 800 - 900 °C in a vacuum, keep it for 2 - 5 h and then cool it with the furnace. Short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 5 - 10 nm are formed in the TiZrNb-O phase with a BCC structure in the coating. The O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in TiZrNb-O, and the other phases remain unchanged compared with those after APS spraying.

2. A preparation method of a coating material with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance, characterized in that It successively includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder: Weigh Ti, Zr, and Nb powders according to a molar ratio of 1:1:1, put them into a planetary ball mill for ball milling for 80 - 100 h, and obtain a porous spherical powder with an average particle size of 10 - 20 μm after spray drying; put the spherical powder into a vacuum furnace, keep it at 1100 - 1200 °C for 20 - 50 min, then introduce a mixed gas of O2 and Ar and keep it for 20 - 50 min to prepare an oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder with an oxygen element content of 1 - 2 at.% and a BCC phase; (2)Preparation of V2O5 sol: Weigh NH4VO3, NiCl2 and CO(NH2)2 according to the molar ratio of 10: (1~2): 50 and add them to deionized water to prepare a solution. The concentration of NH4VO3 in the solution is 0.2~1.0 mol / L. After "stirring - adjusting the pH value - stirring", Ni 2+ -doped V2O5 sol is formed; (3) Coating feed preparation: Weigh raw material powders, where Ni powder accounts for 12 - 18 wt.%, Cr powder accounts for 2 - 5 wt.%, oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium entropy alloy powder accounts for 3 - 8 wt.%, and the rest is Cr3C2 powder; the raw material powders are subjected to planetary ball milling for 12 - 24 h, filtration, and spray drying, and then vacuum sintered at 1150 - 1250 °C for 1 - 2 h to prepare porous spherical powder agglomerates; take the V2O5 sol prepared in step (2) and make its molar ratio to Cr3C2 in the spherical powder agglomerates (1 - 2):60, immerse the spherical powder agglomerates in the V2O5 sol, and then place them in an electrothermal vacuum drying oven to dry at 100 - 105 °C. After 10 - 15 times of "immersion - drying", a coating feed is obtained, where after 10 - 15 times of "immersion - drying", the V2O5 sol is completely adsorbed into the pores of the spherical powder agglomerates and forms V2O5 with a layered structure, and Ni 2+ is located between the layers of the layered structure; the average particle size of the prepared coating feed is 30 - 45 μm, and its phase composition is Cr3C2 + Ni-containing V2O5 with a monoclinic structure 2+ + TiZrNb - O with a BCC structure + Ni + Cr solid solution; (4) Preparation of coating by APS spraying: The prepared coating feedstock was used and the coating was prepared on the superalloy substrate by APS spraying. The phase composition of the coating was orthorhombic Cr3C2 + monoclinic V2O5 containing Ni 2+ of + BCC structure TiZrNb - O + NiCr solid solution, and the coating thickness was 150 - 250 μm; (5) Coating shot peening: The coating is shot peened with cast steel balls having a diameter of 0.2 - 0.5 mm. After 10 - 20 minutes of spraying, plastic deformation occurs on the coating surface, and the dislocation density in the coating increases from (3 - 5)×10 7 mm -2 to (1 - 4)×10 8 mm -2 ; (6) Heat treatment of the coating: Heat the shot-peened coating to 800 - 900 °C in a vacuum, keep it for 2 - 5 h and then cool it with the furnace. Short-range ordered Ti-O, Zr-O, and Nb-O complexes with a size of 5 - 10 nm are formed in the TiZrNb-O phase with a BCC structure in the coating. The O atoms are in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in TiZrNb-O, and the other phases remain unchanged compared with those after APS spraying.

3. The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant, and wear-resistant coating material according to claim 2, further characterized in that: (1) When preparing the oxygen-containing TiZrNb medium-entropy alloy powder, the initial vacuum degree of the sintering treatment of putting the spherical powder into the vacuum furnace and keeping it at 1100 - 1200 °C for 20 - 50 min is 0.1 - 0.5 Pa, the gas pressure of the mixed atmosphere of O2 and Ar is 0.1 - 0.5 MPa, and the O2 / Ar flow ratio is 0.1 - 0.2; (2) When preparing the V2O5 sol, magnetically stir the solution in a constant temperature water bath at 60 - 70 °C for 30 min, then add ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 7 - 8 and continue stirring for 30 min; (3) When preparing the coating feed, after all the spherical powder aggregates are immersed in the V2O5 sol, the drying time each time is 5 - 10 min; When preparing the coating by APS spraying, the voltage during spraying is 60 - 70 V, the current is 500 - 600 A, the Ar flow rate is 50 - 60 L / min, and the H2 flow rate is 10 - 15 L / min; When shot peening the coating, the spraying angle is 50 - 80°, and the spraying speed is 60 - 90 m / s; When heat-treating the coating, the heating rate is 5 - 10 °C / min, and the initial vacuum degree is 1 - 5 Pa.

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