Laser cladding device and method integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device and method integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions. The laser cladding device comprises a laser cladding nozzle, a wire feeding mechanism, a powder feeding mechanism, a water cooling mechanism and a mechanical arm. The laser cladding nozzle is fixedly connected to the tail end of the mechanical arm and moves along with the mechanical arm according to a set track; the wire feeding mechanism is communicated with the laser cladding nozzle or inert gas shielding gas, and is matched with the laser cladding nozzle or the inert gas shielding gas to realize high-speed wire laser cladding; the powder feeding mechanism is communicated with the laser cladding nozzle, and the powder feeding mechanism and the laser cladding nozzle are matched to realize coaxial powder feeding laser cladding; the water cooling mechanism communicates with the laser cladding nozzle and is used for cooling the laser cladding nozzle in the laser cladding process. According to the special structure of the laser cladding nozzle, coaxial powder feeding laser cladding or high-speed wire laser cladding can be achieved according to different printing scenes, and the application scene of laser cladding equipment is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a laser cladding device and method integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions. Background Art

[0002] Laser Cladding of Metals is a surface modification technology that melts metal powder or wire at high temperature through laser and deposits it on the surface of the substrate. Its core is to use the high energy density of laser to form a metallurgical bonding coating on the surface of the substrate. The cladding layer can not only improve the surface hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the workpiece, but also repair worn or damaged parts and extend their service life. Laser cladding has the characteristics of high precision, low thermal impact and a wide range of material selection. It is widely used in aerospace, automobile, mold manufacturing, metallurgy and other fields. The cladding material can be a single metal or a composite material, such as alloy, ceramic composite material, etc., according to the application requirements. Compared with traditional methods such as thermal spraying and plasma spraying, the heat input of laser cladding is relatively small, so the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the substrate is narrow, the deformation of the workpiece is small, and it is not easy to generate thermal stress and cracks. This makes laser cladding suitable for the processing of high-precision workpieces and heat-sensitive materials.

[0003] However, the existing metal laser cladding technology still has many shortcomings. It cannot switch the processing mode in real time according to the usage scenario, and it is difficult to solve the problem of powder flow convergence control during the powder feeding cladding process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a laser cladding device and method that integrates wire feeding and powder feeding functions, which uses thermal imaging technology to monitor and control the temperature distribution of the material during the laser processing in real time, timely discover potential defects and abnormalities, and improve the product forming quality; and can switch the processing mode in real time according to the usage scenario.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A laser cladding device integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions, comprising: a laser cladding nozzle, a wire feeding mechanism, a powder feeding mechanism, a water cooling mechanism, and a mechanical arm; the laser cladding nozzle is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm and moves along a set trajectory following the mechanical arm;

[0007] The laser cladding nozzle comprises an inner cone and an outer cone coaxially sleeved on its outer circumference, and a first mounting hole is coaxially provided at the axis center of the inner cone for coaxially mounting the laser;

[0008] A closed annular cavity is coaxially provided inside the inner cone as a water-cooling liquid flow channel, and the water-cooling liquid flow channel is connected to the water cooling mechanism through two second mounting holes symmetrically provided on the side of the inner cone, one of the second mounting holes is used as an input end, and the other is used as an output end;

[0009] A powder flow channel is provided between the inner cone and the outer cone, the top of the powder flow channel is connected to the powder feeding mechanism and the inert gas shielding gas through a third mounting hole provided on the side of the outer cone, and the bottom end is close to the laser focusing position of the axis, so as to realize coaxial powder feeding laser cladding;

[0010] A cladding wire channel is provided inside the outer cone, the bottom of which is located at the bottom of the outer cone, and the top is connected to the wire feeding mechanism through the fourth mounting hole, so as to realize high-speed wire laser cladding.

[0011] Furthermore, the water cooling mechanism includes a coolant delivery pipe and a coolant delivery pipe joint, one end of the coolant delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the second mounting hole through the coolant delivery pipe joint, and the other end of the coolant delivery pipe is connected to the circulating water cooler; two coolant delivery pipes, one of which serves as an input end and the other as an output end, the coolant flows from the input end into the water-cooled liquid flow channel and then flows out from the output end.

[0012] Furthermore, the powder feeding mechanism includes a powder conveying pipe and a powder conveying pipe joint, one end of the powder conveying pipe is installed on the third mounting hole through the powder conveying pipe joint, and the other end is connected to the powder required for cladding and the inert gas shielding gas.

[0013] Furthermore, the wire feeding mechanism includes a printing wire and a wire supply device. The printing wire is inserted into the cladding wire channel from the fourth mounting hole. The other end of the cladding wire channel is connected to the wire supply device and is pushed toward the end of the nozzle under the control of the wire supply device, thereby realizing the transportation of the wire raw material during the high-speed wire laser cladding process.

[0014] Furthermore, the robotic arm includes: a laser cladding nozzle mounting plate, a universal rotation mechanism, a robotic arm steering mechanism, a robotic arm main bracket, and a robotic arm steering mechanism fixing bolt; a robotic arm steering mechanism is respectively installed at both ends of the robotic arm main bracket through the robotic arm steering mechanism fixing bolts, and the two robotic arm main brackets are rotationally connected through a common robotic arm steering mechanism; the universal rotation mechanism is installed at the lower end of the robotic arm steering mechanism located at the tail end of the robotic arm, the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate is fixedly connected to the universal rotation mechanism, and the laser cladding nozzle is fixedly connected to the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate.

[0015] A laser cladding method with powder feeding function is implemented according to the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Use organic solvents or other cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil stains and oxide layers; select metal powders of corresponding particle size and purity according to requirements, and determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated and the corresponding preheating temperature according to the substrate material and cladding layer thickness requirements;

[0017] Step 2: Complete the installation of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment to ensure that the laser output power is stable and uniform, confirm whether the laser cladding nozzle and powder feeding mechanism are clean and unblocked, adjust the powder feeding rate of the powder feeding mechanism to match the laser melting power, and avoid powder accumulation while ensuring the continuity of powder supply; introduce inert gas to protect the cladding area to prevent oxidation; open the water cooling mechanism and introduce circulating coolant;

[0018] Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, start feeding powder and turn on the laser beam, the metal powder enters the laser cladding nozzle, and falls from the powder flow channel to the surface of the part to be processed; the laser cladding nozzle is controlled by a robotic arm, moves according to the preset scanning path and melts the metal powder synchronously; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, which solidifies into a metal layer after cooling;

[0019] During the cladding process of step three, the laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding rate and molten pool status are continuously monitored, and feedback adjustments are made in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and an alarm is given to the user. Processing is resumed after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle completes the cladding and forming of the required parts according to the preset path, the workpiece is gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment.

[0020] A laser cladding method with wire feeding function is implemented according to the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Use organic solvents or other cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil, rust and oxide layers to ensure that the surface of the substrate is smooth; select metal wires with corresponding diameters, alloy composition and purity according to requirements to ensure their compatibility with the substrate; determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated and the corresponding preheating temperature according to the substrate material, melting point of the metal wire and thickness of the cladding layer;

[0022] Step 2: Complete the installation of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment to ensure that the laser power, spot diameter and scanning speed are stable and uniform; check the laser cladding nozzle and wire feeding mechanism to ensure that there is no blockage and that the metal wire can be stably supplied; adjust the wire feeding rate to ensure that the wire feeding rate matches the laser melting power to ensure the continuous supply of metal wire; confirm that the shielding gas supply in the cladding area is normal, and the flow rate of the shielding gas should be kept constant to prevent metal oxidation; start the water cooling mechanism and pass the circulating coolant;

[0023] Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, turn on the laser beam and start the wire feeding operation; the laser beam is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece through the laser, and the metal wire is fed into the laser molten pool area through the wire feeding mechanism; after the laser beam intersects with the metal wire, the metal wire is melted and fused with the surface of the substrate to form a molten pool and maintain a certain temperature; the robot arm controls the laser cladding nozzle to scan along a predetermined path, and the molten metal wire is fully integrated with the surface of the substrate to gradually form a cladding layer, which forms a metal layer after cooling;

[0024] During the cladding process of step three, the laser power, scanning speed, wire feed rate and molten pool temperature are continuously monitored, and feedback adjustments are made in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and an alarm is given to the user. Processing is resumed after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle completes the predetermined path and the required cladding layer, the workpiece is removed from the cladding area and gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment as needed.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The special structure of the laser cladding nozzle in the present invention can realize coaxial powder feeding laser cladding or high-speed wire laser cladding according to different printing scenarios, expanding the application scenarios of laser cladding equipment. In addition, when performing high-speed wire laser cladding, the powder feeding mechanism can be used to input protective gas, reduce the splashing phenomenon of the molten pool, and improve the cladding processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the laser cladding nozzle proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the laser cladding nozzle proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a sectional bottom view of the connection between the laser cladding nozzle and the water cooling mechanism, the distribution mechanism, and the wire feeding mechanism proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection between the robot arm and the laser cladding nozzle proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the robotic arm proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, the laser cladding nozzle 1, the first mounting hole 101, the second mounting hole 102, the third mounting hole 103, the fourth mounting hole 104, the inner cone 105, the outer cone 106, the water-cooling liquid flow channel 107, the powder flow channel 108, and the cladding wire channel 109; the wire feeding mechanism 2; the powder feeding mechanism 3, the powder delivery pipe 301, and the powder delivery pipe joint 302; the water cooling mechanism 4, the coolant delivery pipe 401, and the coolant delivery pipe joint 402; the robot 5, the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate 501, the universal rotating mechanism 502, the robot arm steering mechanism 503, the robot arm main body bracket 504, and the robot arm steering mechanism fixing bolt 505. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the purpose and effect of the present invention will become more clear. The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions comprises: a laser cladding nozzle 1, a wire feeding mechanism 2, a powder feeding mechanism 3, a water cooling mechanism 4, and a mechanical arm 5. The laser cladding nozzle 1 is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm 5, and can follow the mechanical arm 5 to move according to a set trajectory; the wire feeding mechanism 2 is connected to the laser cladding nozzle 1, and the two cooperate to achieve high-speed wire laser cladding; the powder feeding mechanism 3 is also connected to the laser cladding nozzle 1, and the two cooperate to achieve coaxial powder feeding laser cladding; the water cooling mechanism 4 is connected to the laser cladding nozzle 1, and is used to cool the laser cladding nozzle 1 during the laser cladding process.

[0036] like Figure 2-5 As shown, the laser cladding nozzle 1 comprises an inner cone 105 and an outer cone 106 coaxially sleeved on its outer periphery. A coaxial first mounting hole 101 is provided at the axis of the inner cone 105 for coaxially mounting a laser composed of a laser light source, a collimator, and a lens group, and the laser is used to focus the laser at a specified position.

[0037] A closed annular cavity is coaxially provided in the inner cone 105 near the working end of the laser cladding nozzle 1 as a water-cooling liquid flow channel 107. The top of the water-cooling liquid flow channel 107 is connected to the water cooling mechanism 4 through two second mounting holes 102 symmetrically provided on the side of the inner cone 105. The water cooling mechanism 4 includes a coolant delivery pipe 401 and a coolant delivery pipe joint 402. One end of the coolant delivery pipe 401 is fixedly connected to the second mounting hole 102 through the coolant delivery pipe joint 402, and the other end of the coolant delivery pipe 401 is connected to a circulating water chiller. The coolant delivery pipes 401 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner cone 105, one of which serves as an input end and the other as an output end. The coolant flows into the water-cooling liquid flow channel 107 from the input end and then flows out from the output end, which is used to supply the circulating coolant required for the laser cladding nozzle 1 to work during the laser cladding process, thereby achieving cooling.

[0038] A powder flow channel 108 is provided between the inner cone 105 and the outer cone 106. The powder flow channel 108 extends toward the central axis of the laser cladding nozzle 1, and the bottom end of the powder flow channel 108 is close to the laser focusing position of the axis to realize coaxial powder feeding; the top of the powder flow channel 108 is connected to the powder feeding mechanism 3 through the third mounting hole 103 symmetrically provided on the side of the outer cone 106. The powder feeding mechanism 3 includes a powder conveying pipe 301 and a powder conveying pipe joint 302. One end of the powder conveying pipe 301 is installed on the third mounting hole 103 through the powder conveying pipe joint 302, and the other end is connected to the powder required for cladding and the inert gas shielding gas, which is used for the supply of powder raw materials and the generation of protective atmosphere in the process of coaxial powder feeding laser cladding and high-speed wire laser cladding.

[0039] Two cladding wire channels 109 are symmetrically opened inside the outer cone 106, and the cladding wire channels 109 extend toward the central axis of the laser cladding nozzle 1, and the bottom of the cladding wire channel 109 is located at the bottom of the outer cone 106; the top of the cladding wire channel 109 is connected to the wire feeding mechanism 2 through the fourth mounting hole 104. The wire feeding mechanism 2 includes a wire for printing and a wire feeding device. The wire for printing is inserted into the cladding wire channel 109 from the fourth mounting hole 104, and the other end of the cladding wire channel 109 is connected to the wire feeding device and pushed toward the nozzle end under the control of the wire feeding device, so as to realize the conveyance of the wire raw material during the high-speed wire laser cladding process.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, the robot 5 includes: a laser cladding nozzle mounting plate 501, a universal rotation mechanism 502, a robot arm steering mechanism 503, a robot arm main support 504, and a robot arm steering mechanism fixing bolt 505. A robot arm steering mechanism 503 is installed at each end of the robot arm main support 504 through a robot arm steering mechanism fixing bolt 505, and the two robot arm main supports 504 are connected to each other through a common robot arm steering mechanism 503. The universal rotation mechanism 502 is installed at the lower end of the robot arm steering mechanism 503 located at the tail end of the robot 5, the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate 501 is fixedly connected to the universal rotation mechanism 502, the laser cladding nozzle 1 is fixedly connected to the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate 501, and the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate 501 has an installation position for the laser required for laser cladding, and the movement of the robot 5 will not interfere with the arrangement of the laser, so that the laser cladding nozzle 1 can process the workpiece at different angles and move in three dimensions in the working area.

[0041] Based on the above-mentioned laser cladding device integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions, this embodiment proposes a laser cladding method with powder feeding function, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Use organic solvents (such as ethanol, acetone, etc.) or other appropriate cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil and oxide layer; select metal powder of appropriate particle size and purity according to the needs, and determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated and the corresponding preheating temperature according to the material of the substrate (when laser cladding is used for surface repair of parts, the substrate is the part to be processed; when laser cladding is used for forming samples, the substrate is the processing plane, and the new sample is formed on the processing plane) and the thickness of the cladding layer. In this embodiment, the substrate is selected as 316L stainless steel plate, the metal wire is selected as spherical aluminum powder with a powder particle size of 300 mesh, the cladding layer thickness is set to 0.5mm, and correspondingly, the preheating temperature is set in the range of 300-500℃.

[0043] Step 2: Complete the installation of the device according to the requirements of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment, ensure that parameters such as laser power, spot diameter and scanning speed are stable and uniform, confirm whether the laser cladding nozzle 1 and the powder feeding mechanism 3 are clean and unblocked, adjust the powder feeding rate of the powder feeding mechanism 3 to match the laser melting power, and avoid powder accumulation while ensuring the continuity of powder supply; at the same time, introduce inert gas (such as argon and helium) to protect the cladding area and prevent oxidation, open the water cooling mechanism 4, and introduce circulating coolant.

[0044] Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, start powder feeding and turn on the laser beam, the metal powder enters the laser cladding nozzle 1 through the powder delivery pipe 301, and falls from the powder flow channel 108 to the surface of the part to be processed; the laser cladding nozzle 1 is controlled by the robot arm 5, moves according to the preset scanning path and melts the metal powder synchronously; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, and the molten pool solidifies into a metal layer after cooling.

[0045] During the cladding process of step 3, laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding rate and molten pool status are continuously monitored through thermal imaging and other technologies, and feedback adjustment is performed in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range to avoid defects such as pores, cracks or shedding in the cladding layer. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and a warning is given to the user. The processing is continued after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle 1 completes the cladding and forming of the required parts according to the preset path, the workpiece is gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment to avoid cracks or internal stress in the cladding layer.

[0046] Subsequently, the bonding strength test of the cladding layer on the surface of the part obtained by cladding forming can be carried out to ensure that its bonding strength with the substrate meets the use requirements; subsequent machining operations can be carried out according to the specific application scenario.

[0047] The processing mode can also be switched to a wire feeding mode in real time according to different usage scenarios. Based on this, this embodiment also proposes a laser cladding method with a wire feeding function, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: First, use an organic solvent (such as ethanol, acetone, etc.) or other appropriate cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil, rust and oxide layer to ensure that the surface of the substrate is smooth; select a metal wire with appropriate diameter, alloy composition and purity according to the needs to ensure its compatibility with the substrate; determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated according to the substrate material, the melting point of the metal wire and the thickness of the cladding layer, and set an appropriate preheating temperature as needed. In this embodiment, the substrate selects 316L stainless steel plate, the metal wire selects ER316L stainless steel welding wire with Φ=1.2mm, and the cladding layer thickness is set to 0.5mm. Correspondingly, the preheating temperature is set in the range of 300-500℃.

[0049] Step 2: Complete the installation of the device in accordance with the requirements of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment to ensure that parameters such as laser power, spot diameter and scanning speed are stable and uniform; check the laser cladding nozzle 1 and the wire feeding mechanism 2 to ensure that there is no blockage and that the metal wire can be stably supplied; adjust the wire feeding rate to ensure that the wire feeding rate matches the laser melting power to ensure a continuous supply of metal wire; confirm that the shielding gas (such as argon or helium) in the cladding area is supplied normally, and the flow rate of the shielding gas should be kept constant to prevent metal oxidation; start the water cooling mechanism 4 to ensure that the temperature of the laser cladding nozzle 1 is effectively controlled to avoid overheating of the equipment.

[0050] Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, and start the wire feeding operation; the laser beam is irradiated to the workpiece surface through the laser, and the metal wire is fed into the laser molten pool area through the wire feeding mechanism 2; after the laser beam intersects with the metal wire, the metal wire is melted and fused with the substrate surface to form a molten pool. The robot arm 5 controls the laser cladding nozzle 1 to scan along a predetermined path, and the melted metal wire is fully integrated with the substrate surface to gradually form a cladding layer; during the melting process, the laser molten pool maintains a certain temperature to fully melt the metal wire and form a uniform metal layer.

[0051] During the entire cladding process of step three, the laser power, wire feed rate, molten pool temperature and scanning speed are continuously monitored, and feedback adjustments are made in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range to avoid defects such as pores, cracks or shedding in the cladding layer; the wire feed rate and laser power are adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure uniform thickness of the cladding layer. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and the user is warned, and the processing is resumed after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle 1 completes the predetermined path and completes the required cladding layer, the workpiece is removed from the cladding area; the workpiece is gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment as needed to prevent the cladding layer from generating internal stress or cracks due to sudden temperature changes.

[0052] The processing mode can be switched in real time according to different usage scenarios. Coaxial powder feeding laser cladding has the advantages of high powder material utilization and high-precision control to form complex shapes. It is suitable for cladding of thin layers or fine areas, such as high-precision mold surface wear or local defect repair; high-speed wire laser cladding has the advantages of high deposition rate and fast production speed. It is suitable for large-sized parts that require large-area cladding, such as oil drilling equipment and large-sized aviation structural parts.

[0053] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above are only preferred examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention is described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above examples or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding device integrating wire feeding and powder feeding functions, characterized in that: include: Laser cladding nozzle, wire feeding mechanism, powder feeding mechanism, water cooling mechanism, and robotic arm; the laser cladding nozzle is fixedly connected to the end of the robotic arm and moves along a set trajectory with the robotic arm; The laser cladding nozzle comprises an inner cone and an outer cone coaxially sleeved on its outer circumference, and a first mounting hole is coaxially provided at the axis center of the inner cone for coaxially mounting the laser; A closed annular cavity is coaxially provided inside the inner cone as a water-cooling liquid flow channel, and the water-cooling liquid flow channel is connected to the water cooling mechanism through two second mounting holes symmetrically provided on the side of the inner cone, one of the second mounting holes is used as an input end, and the other is used as an output end; A powder flow channel is provided between the inner cone and the outer cone, the top of the powder flow channel is connected to the powder feeding mechanism and the inert gas shielding gas through a third mounting hole provided on the side of the outer cone, and the bottom end is close to the laser focusing position of the axis, so as to realize coaxial powder feeding laser cladding; A cladding wire channel is provided inside the outer cone, the bottom of which is located at the bottom of the outer cone, and the top is connected to the wire feeding mechanism through the fourth mounting hole, so as to realize high-speed wire laser cladding.

2. The laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water cooling mechanism includes a coolant delivery pipe and a coolant delivery pipe joint, one end of the coolant delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the second mounting hole through the coolant delivery pipe joint, and the other end of the coolant delivery pipe is connected to the circulating water cooler; two coolant delivery pipes, one of which serves as an input end and the other as an output end, the coolant flows into the water-cooled liquid flow channel from the input end and then flows out from the output end.

3. The laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The powder feeding mechanism comprises a powder conveying pipe and a powder conveying pipe joint. One end of the powder conveying pipe is installed on the third mounting hole through the powder conveying pipe joint, and the other end is connected to the powder required for cladding and the inert gas shielding gas.

4. The laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism includes a printing wire and a wire feeding device. The printing wire is inserted into the cladding wire channel from the fourth mounting hole. The other end of the cladding wire channel is connected to the wire feeding device and is pushed toward the end of the nozzle under the control of the wire feeding device, thereby realizing the transportation of the wire raw material during the high-speed wire laser cladding process.

5. The laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The robotic arm comprises: a laser cladding nozzle mounting plate, a universal rotation mechanism, a robotic arm steering mechanism, a robotic arm main support, and a robotic arm steering mechanism fixing bolt; a robotic arm steering mechanism is respectively installed at both ends of the robotic arm main support through the robotic arm steering mechanism fixing bolts, and the two robotic arm main supports are rotationally connected through a common robotic arm steering mechanism; the universal rotation mechanism is installed at the lower end of the robotic arm steering mechanism located at the tail end of the robotic arm, the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate is fixedly connected to the universal rotation mechanism, and the laser cladding nozzle is fixedly connected to the laser cladding nozzle mounting plate.

6. A laser cladding method with powder feeding function, implemented according to the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use organic solvents or other cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil stains and oxide layers; select metal powders of corresponding particle size and purity according to requirements, and determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated and the corresponding preheating temperature according to the substrate material and cladding layer thickness requirements; Step 2: Complete the installation of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment to ensure that the laser output power is stable and uniform, confirm whether the laser cladding nozzle and powder feeding mechanism are clean and unblocked, and adjust the powder feeding rate of the powder feeding mechanism to match it with the laser melting power, so as to ensure the continuity of powder supply and avoid powder accumulation; Introduce inert gas to protect the cladding area and prevent oxidation; open the water cooling mechanism and introduce circulating coolant; Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, start feeding powder and turn on the laser beam, the metal powder enters the laser cladding nozzle, and falls from the powder flow channel to the surface of the part to be processed; the laser cladding nozzle is controlled by a robotic arm, moves according to the preset scanning path and melts the metal powder synchronously; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, which solidifies into a metal layer after cooling; During the cladding process of step three, the laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding rate and molten pool status are continuously monitored, and feedback adjustments are made in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and an alarm is given to the user. Processing is resumed after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle completes the cladding and forming of the required parts according to the preset path, the workpiece is gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment.

7. A laser cladding method with wire feeding function, implemented according to the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use organic solvents or other cleaning agents to thoroughly clean the surface of the substrate to remove oil, rust and oxide layers to ensure that the surface of the substrate is smooth; Select metal wires with corresponding diameters, alloy composition and purity according to requirements to ensure their compatibility with the substrate; determine whether the substrate needs to be preheated and the corresponding preheating temperature according to the substrate material, melting point of the metal wire and thickness of the cladding layer; Step 2: Complete the installation of the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, check and calibrate the laser equipment to ensure that the laser power, spot diameter and scanning speed are stable and uniform; check the laser cladding nozzle and wire feeding mechanism to ensure that there is no blockage and that the metal wire can be stably supplied; adjust the wire feeding rate to ensure that the wire feeding rate matches the laser melting power to ensure a continuous supply of metal wire; Confirm that the shielding gas supply in the cladding area is normal and the flow rate of shielding gas should be kept constant to prevent metal oxidation; start the water cooling mechanism and pass the circulating coolant; Step 3: Start the laser cladding device with integrated wire feeding and powder feeding functions, turn on the laser beam and start the wire feeding operation; the laser beam is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece through the laser, and the metal wire is fed into the laser molten pool area through the wire feeding mechanism; after the laser beam intersects with the metal wire, the metal wire is melted and fused with the surface of the substrate to form a molten pool and maintain a certain temperature; the robot arm controls the laser cladding nozzle to scan along a predetermined path, and the molten metal wire is fully integrated with the surface of the substrate to gradually form a cladding layer, which forms a metal layer after cooling; During the cladding process of step three, the laser power, scanning speed, wire feed rate and molten pool temperature are continuously monitored, and feedback adjustments are made in real time to ensure that these parameters are within the predetermined range. If an abnormality occurs, the processing is stopped and an alarm is given to the user. Processing is resumed after the fault is eliminated. After the laser cladding nozzle completes the predetermined path and the required cladding layer, the workpiece is removed from the cladding area and gradually cooled in a natural cooling or temperature-controlled environment as needed.

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