Prefabricated FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier

Abstract

The present invention discloses an assembled FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite highway crash barrier, comprising an FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column, an FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crosspiece, a wind energy collection device, an FRP high-strength bolt, a solar energy collection device, a lighting device, an electric energy storage device, an FRP-steel fixing plate, a warning device, a heat conducting device, an FRP-steel support, and an intelligent detection device. The present invention utilizes an assembled FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite structure to fully utilize the lightweight ceramsite crash-proof particles filled inside to absorb the energy generated by the collision, thereby enhancing the crash resistance of the guardrail while reducing the weight of the railing itself and improving its corrosion resistance. The present invention utilizes a wind energy collection device and a solar energy collection device to convert the collected wind energy and light energy into electrical energy, and stores it in an energy storage device, thereby providing a clean power source for road de-icing, roadside lighting devices, traffic warning signs, and other equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of highway anti-collision safety, road engineering and energy conservation, and is specifically an assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway anti-collision guardrail, which is particularly suitable for engineering structures such as roads and bridges in high-altitude areas in the west. Background Art

[0002] The western region has complex terrain and a changeable climate, necessitating that the design and material selection of road guardrails adapt to the diverse geographical and climatic conditions. Due to these topographical conditions, engineering structures such as roads and bridges are often built within mountainous terrain. Roads often curve or have continuous bends, which places a high test on driving skills. Electrifying all lines is costly and difficult. Furthermore, the high altitudes and low temperatures of the western region often lead to snow and ice accumulation on the road surface, compromising vehicle safety. A literature review revealed that existing vehicle crash barriers are mostly constructed from low-carbon steel or galvanized steel. For example, traditional carbon steel highway guardrails are based on Q235 carbon structural steel, which suffers from a low strength grade. This means that their crash protection may not be sufficient to effectively protect vehicles and passengers in the event of a strong impact. Furthermore, carbon steel guardrails, when used outdoors, particularly at high altitudes and in plateau environments, can gradually rust and thin due to environmental influences, leading to a gradual decline in crash protection and ultimately loss of protection.

[0003] This patent takes into account the characteristics of FRP materials such as light weight, high strength, durability and high corrosion resistance. On the basis of existing road crash barriers, it fully utilizes the characteristics of abundant sunshine and strong wind in the high-altitude areas in the west, and innovatively proposes an assembled FRP-steel-lightweight expanded clay composite highway crash barrier. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to further improve the anti-collision performance and durability of existing road guardrails and make full use of clean new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, the present invention provides an assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway anti-collision guardrail. While improving the anti-collision performance of existing road guardrails, a solar energy and wind energy collection and storage device is designed to convert the clean energy into power for road lighting, traffic warnings, and accident alarm linkage systems. At the same time, the collected electricity can also be used to heat the road surface, melt snow and ice, and improve vehicle travel safety.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an assembled FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite highway anti-collision guardrail, including FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite columns, FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crosspieces, a wind energy collection device, FRP high-strength bolts, a solar energy collection device, a lighting device, an energy storage device, an FRP-steel fixing plate, a warning device, a heat conduction device, an FRP-steel support and an intelligent detection device;

[0006] Each set of highway anti-collision guardrails is equipped with two FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns, and two FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite cross bars are installed between the two FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns. The lighting device is arranged on the surface of the upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite cross bar, and the probe and warning device are arranged on the surface of the lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite cross bar; the warning device can automatically adjust the light color to warn the rear vehicle and avoid secondary injuries.

[0007] The contact surface between the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and the ground is connected by FRP-steel supports and FRP high-strength bolts; the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crosspiece are connected by FRP-steel fixing plates and FRP high-strength bolts;

[0008] The electric energy storage device is arranged at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column, and the electric energy storage device is connected to the heat conducting device;

[0009] A wind energy collection device is provided on the top of the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column, and the solar energy collection device is located in the upper middle part of the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and is connected to the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column through a support shaft;

[0010] The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns and FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite cross bars all adopt an FRP outer shell with a thin-walled steel pipe embedded in it. The inner wall of the thin-walled steel pipe is embedded with an FRP inner shell, and the FRP inner shell is injected with lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles. That is, a tubular structure is formed by compounding a layer of FRP, a layer of thin-walled steel pipe (as an interlayer), and a layer of FRP together, and the interior is filled with lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles, which are used to cushion impacts.

[0011] Preferably, the heat conducting device utilizes the electricity in the electric energy storage device, and generates heat by laying a heating cable under the road surface. When powered on, the cable provides the necessary heat for conduction to the road surface, thereby achieving the purpose of efficiently and environmentally friendly melting of snow and ice.

[0012] Preferably, the highway anti-collision guardrail is also provided with an intelligent detection device, which is arranged at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column. The probe on the surface of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar promptly transmits the impact position information to the warning device so that the color of the section highway warning light automatically changes from green to red. The intelligent detection device automatically sends the location of the accident section to the background and automatically alarms, thereby improving the speed of the staff in handling traffic accidents and reducing more damage caused by the accident.

[0013] Preferably, the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column adopts an assembled structural design. The portion below 1.5m in height adopts FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns, and the remaining portion adopts FRP-steel composite columns. That is, an FRP shell is used, a thin-walled steel pipe is embedded, and the inner wall of the steel pipe is embedded with an FRP inner shell. No lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles are filled. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column and the FRP-steel composite column are two parts of the embedded structure, and the two parts are connected by FRP high-strength bolts. Lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles are filled in the parts that may be hit to increase energy buffering, and are not filled in the parts that are not hit, saving material costs.

[0014] Preferably, the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspieces are composed of two rectangular crosspieces, with the bottom of the upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece at a height of 0.80 to 1.0 m from the ground, and the bottom of the lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece at a height of 0.35 to 0.55 m from the ground. Each FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece is 0.15 to 0.3 m wide, 1.2 m long, and 0.03 m thick. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspieces provide sufficient strength to reduce the risk of vehicles running off the highway and potentially running into the oncoming lane after a collision.

[0015] Preferably, the wind energy collection device adopts a vertical axis wind turbine, which consists of a rotating shaft and fan blades, and the rotating shaft is fixed inside the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column.

[0016] Preferably, the solar energy collection device includes a solar panel, a pan-tilt platform, a support rod, and a rotating shaft. Through a built-in program, the position of the support rod and the rotating shaft can be autonomously adjusted according to the angle of sunlight, so that the solar panel always faces the direction of strong sunlight, converting solar energy into light energy to the greatest extent and storing it in an electrical energy storage device.

[0017] Preferably, the electrical energy storage device is a lithium battery.

[0018] Preferably, the lighting device and warning device adopt LED lighting lamps.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The guardrail has high strength and strong corrosion resistance.

[0021] The FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crossbar, FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and FRP-steel fixing plate used in the present invention are all composed of fiber reinforced composite materials, thin-walled steel pipes and lightweight ceramsite filled inside. Among them, the density of the fiber composite material is only 1500-2000kg / m 3The density of FRP is about 1 / 4 of that of traditional steel and 1 / 2 of that of aluminum alloy, while the tensile strength can reach over 3000MPa. The tensile strength of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier in the patent of this invention is greatly enhanced. Compared with traditional metal crash barriers, it can improve the anti-collision performance of the guardrail, reduce traffic accidents caused by guardrail failure, and protect the safety of drivers and passengers. In addition, FRP materials have good resistance to various media such as atmosphere, water, and general concentrations of acids, alkalis, and salts. They will not rust or break after rusting after long-term use, which greatly improves the corrosion resistance, durability and other characteristics of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier.

[0022] 2. Clean energy, energy saving and environmental protection.

[0023] The present invention incorporates solar and wind energy harvesting devices, fully utilizing clean resources like solar and wind energy, converting them into electrical energy to provide reliable power support for road lighting, warning devices, and alarm linkage systems, effectively conserving electricity resources. This power generation model reduces the use of non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and protects the surrounding ecological environment. This invention is particularly suitable for anti-collision guardrail structures in western regions, particularly those with stronger winds, longer sunshine hours, and greater light intensity than other regions.

[0024] 3. High degree of intelligence.

[0025] The solar energy collection device of the present invention can autonomously adjust the directions of the solar energy collection panel and the wind turbine through a built-in program, so that the solar energy panel always faces the place where the sunlight is strong, so that the solar energy can be fully utilized.

[0026] This system incorporates an intelligent detection device. When a vehicle strikes a guardrail, a sensor receives a signal, and the warning light on that road section automatically changes from green (safe to travel) to red, alerting vehicles to a traffic accident ahead. The accident location is automatically uploaded to the backend control system, which immediately initiates an alert, enabling timely identification of the accident section and preventing missed rescue opportunities.

[0027] 4. Intelligent snow and ice removal to ensure smooth road conditions.

[0028] The present invention incorporates a heat conduction device. In western China, where the high altitudes create harsh climates and perennial snowstorms, snow and ice easily accumulate on highways. By collecting solar and wind energy, the device converts this energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the heat conduction device, which then transfers heat to the ground, rapidly melting the snow and ice. This improves road safety and mitigates potential safety hazards posed by adverse weather conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A top view of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a column of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the solar energy collection device of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wind energy collection device of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of heat transfer of the anti-collision guardrail of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0037] like Figure 1-7 As shown, an assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier includes: an FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1, an FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2, a wind energy collection device 3, FRP high-strength bolts 4, a solar energy collection device 5, a lighting device 6, an energy storage device 7, an FRP-steel fixing plate 8, a warning device 9, a heat conduction device 10, an FRP-steel support 11, and an intelligent detection device 12. The present invention is assembled as a whole, and all component connections are bolted, and the bolts used are all high-strength FRP bolts 4.

[0038] The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 and the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar 2 both adopt an FRP outer shell with a thin-walled steel pipe embedded in it. The inner wall of the thin-walled steel pipe is nested with an FRP inner shell, and the FRP inner shell is injected with lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles 113. That is, a tubular structure is formed by compounding a layer of FRP, a layer of thin-walled steel pipe (as an interlayer), and a layer of FRP together, and the interior is filled with lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles 113, which are used to cushion impacts.

[0039] The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 adopts an assembled structural design. The portion below the height of 1.5m adopts a lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 111, and the remaining portion adopts an upper FRP-steel composite column 112. That is, an FRP shell is used, a thin-walled steel pipe is embedded, and the inner wall of the steel pipe is embedded with an FRP inner shell. No lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles are filled. The lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 111 and the upper FRP-steel composite column 112 are embedded structures, and the two parts are connected by FRP high-strength bolts 4. Lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles are filled in the parts that may be hit to increase energy buffering, and are not filled in the parts that are not hit, saving material costs.

[0040] The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 is composed of two rectangular crosspieces. The upper crosspiece 21 is positioned 0.80 to 1.0 meters above the ground, while the lower crosspiece 22 is positioned 0.35 to 0.55 meters above the ground. Each crosspiece is 0.15 to 0.3 meters wide, 1.2 meters long, and 0.03 meters thick. The crosspieces provide sufficient strength to reduce the risk of vehicles running off the highway or onto the opposite lane after a collision.

[0041] The connection between the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 and the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 is achieved using FRP-steel fixing plates 8, which are then secured with FRP high-strength bolts 4. The contact surface between the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 and the ground is connected using FRP-steel supports 11 and FRP high-strength bolts 4. Each FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 is factory-fabricated, with the upper and lower sections connected using an embedded connection. Each section utilizes prefabricated connections, manufactured in stages at the factory and assembled on-site.

[0042] The wind energy collection device 3 is a vertical axis wind turbine, which is composed of a rotating shaft 31 and blades 32. The rotating shaft 31 is fixed inside the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column 1. The wind energy collection device 3 is located at the top of the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column 1.

[0043] The solar energy collection device 5 includes a solar panel 51, a pan / tilt 52, a support rod 53, and a rotating shaft 54. The solar panel is extended through the supporting shaft 55. The direction can be adjusted at will through the rotating shaft 54 ​​and the supporting rod 53 to adjust the position of the solar panel automatically. It is set in the upper middle part of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1, and each column is equipped with two solar panels.

[0044] The electric energy storage device 7 is a lithium battery, which is arranged at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1.

[0045] The lighting device 6 adopts an LED lighting lamp and is installed on the surface of the upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar 21.

[0046] The warning device 9 is installed on the surface of the upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar 22 and adopts an LED light.

[0047] The heat conducting device 10 is disposed within the FRP-steel support 11 and is internally connected to the energy storage device 7 via a conductive wire. Heat is conducted to the road surface by laying a heating cable underground. The energy stored in the energy storage device 7 is then energized to generate heat, providing the necessary heat for conduction to the road surface, thereby achieving efficient and environmentally friendly snow removal.

[0048] The intelligent detection device 12 is installed at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1. The probe 121 receives the collision signal and transmits it to the warning device 9, which automatically changes the color of the road warning light from green to red. The intelligent detection device 12 automatically sends the location of the accident section to the background and automatically alarms, thereby speeding up the staff's handling of traffic accidents and reducing more damage caused by accidents.

[0049] The working principle of the present invention: Before use, all components are prepared. The contact surface of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 and the ground is connected using an FRP-steel support 11 and FRP high-strength bolts 4. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 is first connected to the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column 1 using an FRP-steel fixing plate 8 and then fastened using FRP high-strength bolts 4. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 is constructed in two pieces. The upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 21 is surface-mounted with a lighting device 6, employing an LED light, while the lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 22 is surface-mounted with a warning device 9. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 is integrated, i.e., uniformly processed in a factory. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspiece 2 comprises a fiber-reinforced composite material and a thin-walled steel pipe, forming one side. The fiber-reinforced composite material is a two-layer structure, and lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles 113 are filled within the thin-walled steel pipe. The solar energy collection device 5, wind energy collection device 3, lighting device 6, warning device 9, heat transfer device 10, and electrical energy storage device 7 are all connected by wires, all of which are internally mounted. All component connections are bolted, using high-strength FRP bolts 4. The wind energy collection device 3 utilizes a vertical-axis wind turbine, capable of operating autonomously in various environments. Under the influence of varying ambient light intensity, the solar energy collection device 5 can automatically adjust the position of its support rods 53 and rotating shaft 54 ​​via an internal program, ensuring that the solar panel 51 always faces an area of ​​intense sunlight. The generated solar and wind energy is transmitted via wires to the electrical energy storage device 7. The electrical energy storage device 7 then supplies power to devices requiring it. The lighting device 6 and warning device 9 automatically operate at night. When snow or ice accumulates on the ground, the heat transfer device 10 releases heat to melt the ground. If a traffic accident occurs on this section of highway, the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar 2 provides sufficient resistance to prevent vehicles from being impacted and driving off the highway into the oncoming lane. Probe 121 receives the impact signal and transmits it to warning device 9, causing the highway warning light on the section to automatically change from green to red, alerting subsequent vehicles to the traffic accident ahead. The intelligent detection device 12 automatically transmits the location of the accident section to the backend and automatically sounds an alarm, thereby speeding up the accident handling process and mitigating further damage. Once the accident is resolved, the backend can reset warning device 9 to green, allowing maintenance personnel to dismantle and repair the guardrail as appropriate based on the damage.

[0050] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any components not specified in this example can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. An assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier, characterized by: It includes FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns, FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspieces, wind energy collection devices, FRP high-strength bolts, solar energy collection devices, lighting devices, electrical energy storage devices, FRP-steel fixing plates, warning devices, heat conduction devices and FRP-steel supports; Each set of highway anti-collision guardrails is provided with two FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite columns, two FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crossbars are installed between the two FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite columns, the lighting device is provided on the surface of the upper FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crossbar, and the warning device is provided on the surface of the lower FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crossbar; The contact surface between the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and the ground is connected by FRP-steel supports and FRP high-strength bolts; the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite crosspiece are connected by FRP-steel fixing plates and FRP high-strength bolts; The electric energy storage device is arranged at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column, and the electric energy storage device is connected to the heat conducting device; A wind energy collection device is provided on the top of the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column, and the solar energy collection device is located in the upper middle part of the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column and is connected to the FRP-steel-light ceramsite composite column through a support shaft; The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns and FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crosspieces all adopt an FRP outer shell with a thin-walled steel pipe embedded inside. The inner wall of the thin-walled steel pipe is embedded with an FRP inner shell, and the FRP inner shell is injected with lightweight ceramsite anti-collision particles.

2. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The heat conducting device utilizes the electricity in the electric energy storage device to lay heating cables under the road surface.

3. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The highway anti-collision guardrail is also equipped with an intelligent detection device, which is installed at the bottom of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column. The probe on the surface of the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar promptly transmits the impact position information to the warning device, so that the color of the highway warning light automatically changes from green to red. The intelligent detection device automatically sends the location of the accident section to the background and automatically alarms.

4. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns adopt an assembled structural design, and the two FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns are 1.5m apart; the part below the height of 1.5m adopts FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns, and the remaining part adopts FRP-steel composite columns. The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite columns and FRP-steel composite columns are embedded structures, and the two parts are connected by FRP high-strength bolts.

5. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar is composed of two FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbars with rectangular cross sections. The bottom of the upper FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar is 0.80 to 1.0 m above the ground, and the bottom of the lower FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar is 0.35 to 0.55 m above the ground. Each FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite crossbar has a width of 0.15 to 0.3 m, a length of 1.2 m, and a thickness of 0.03 m.

6. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wind energy collection device adopts a vertical axis wind turbine, which is composed of a rotating shaft and fan blades. The rotating shaft is fixed inside the FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite column.

7. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The solar energy collection device includes a solar panel, a pan / tilt platform, a support rod, a rotating shaft and a support axis. The positions of the support rod and the rotating shaft are automatically adjusted according to the angle of sunlight, so that the solar panel always faces the direction of strong sunlight.

8. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The electric energy storage device is a lithium battery.

9. The assembled FRP-steel-lightweight ceramsite composite highway crash barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting device and warning device adopt LED lighting lamps.

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