A rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and its usage method

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and a usage method, which relates to the field of port engineering. It includes a rubber ring, a protective cover and a buffer mechanism; the protective cover is connected to the rubber ring, and the buffer mechanism is arranged inside the rubber ring; the buffer mechanism includes a rubber shell, two first one-way valves, two pipe bodies and a solenoid valve; both sides of the rubber shell are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves, the two first one-way valves are respectively connected to the two pipe bodies, one side of the pipe body is connected to the solenoid valve, and air can enter and be injected into the rubber shell from the other side of the pipe body. If it is necessary to adjust the air pressure in the rubber shell, gas injection or discharge operations can be carried out through the pipe body and the first one-way valve, and a part of the air in the rubber shell is discharged by using the solenoid valve to achieve the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of port engineering, and specifically refers to a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] In places such as docks and ports where ships berth, rubber fenders are extremely crucial protective facilities. Their main function is to buffer the impact force between the ship and the dock when the ship berths, avoiding damage to the ship and dock facilities.

[0003] Traditional rubber fenders are usually of fixed structure, with a relatively single anti-collision effect and difficult to flexibly adapt to the diverse ship berthing requirements. When ships of different types and sizes berth, the magnitude and characteristics of the impact forces generated are significantly different. For example, large cargo ships have a huge impact force when berthing due to their large self-weight and strong driving inertia; while the berthing impact force of small yachts or fishing boats is relatively small. When using rubber fenders with a fixed anti-collision effect, for large ships, the impact force may not be effectively buffered due to insufficient anti-collision ability, resulting in damage to the ship and dock facilities; for small ships, the excessive anti-collision force may cause the ship to sway greatly during berthing, affecting the safety and stability of berthing and even causing damage to small ships.

[0004] In summary, the existing rubber fenders have many limitations when facing different ships and complex usage environments. How to adjust the anti-collision effect of rubber fenders so that they can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of the ship and factors such as water level changes has become a technical problem to be urgently solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and its usage method, which is used to solve the technical problems existing in the above background art.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect.

[0007] The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect includes a rubber ring, a protective cover and a buffer mechanism; the protective cover is connected to the rubber ring, and the buffer mechanism is arranged inside the rubber ring;

[0008] The buffer mechanism includes a rubber shell, two first one-way valves, two pipe bodies and an electromagnetic valve;

[0009] Both sides of the rubber shell are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves, the two first one-way valves are respectively connected to the two pipe bodies, one side of the pipe body is connected to the electromagnetic valve, and air can enter from the other side of the pipe body and be injected into the rubber shell.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes side plates, a back plate, a limiting block, a float, a connecting plate, a sliding groove, a stop block and a housing; the rubber ring is connected to the side plates, the side plates are connected to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is attached to the housing, the connecting plate is connected to the stop block, the stop block is attached to the inner wall of the housing, the sliding groove is formed in the housing, the sliding groove is slidably connected to the stop block, the housing is connected to the limiting block, the limiting block is slidably connected to the back plate, and the limiting block is connected to the float.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a housing and an adjusting mechanism;

[0012] The housing is connected to the housing, the adjusting mechanism is arranged inside the housing and the housing, and the adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a worm, a handle, a worm gear, a gear, a rack and a backing plate;

[0014] The worm is rotatably connected to the housing, the worm is meshed and connected to the worm gear, the worm gear is connected to the gear, the gear is meshed and connected to the rack, the rack is connected to the backing plate, the backing plate is connected to the stop block, the worm is connected to the handle, and the gear is rotatably connected to the housing.

[0015] Preferably, the buffer mechanism further includes a bracket, a switch and a convex block;

[0016] The bracket is connected to the housing, the bracket is connected to the switch, and the convex block connected to the backing plate is arranged above the switch.

[0017] Preferably, the gear is connected to an inflation mechanism through a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism limits the gear to drive the inflation mechanism to inflate the other tube body only in one rotation direction.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a circular shell, a pawl, a first spring and a ratchet wheel;

[0019] The circular shell is rotatably connected to the gear, the circular shell is rotatably connected to the pawl, the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected between the pawl and the inner wall of the circular shell, and the pawl is engaged with the ratchet wheel.

[0020] Preferably, the inflation mechanism includes a main shaft, a cam, a main pipe, a branch pipe, a second one-way valve, a third one-way valve, an air cylinder, a circular wheel, a piston, a partition plate, a limiting rod, a block body and a second spring;

[0021] The main pipe and the air cylinder are both connected to the housing. The main pipe communicates with the branch pipe. The branch pipe is connected to the air cylinder through the second one-way valve. The piston is slidably connected to the air cylinder. The third one-way valve is connected to the air cylinder. The piston is rotatably connected to the round wheel. The round wheel contacts the cam. The cam is connected to the ratchet through the main shaft. The piston is connected to the partition plate. The partition plate is connected to the limiting rod. The limiting rod passes through the block. The block is connected to the air cylinder. The second spring is sleeved on the limiting rod. Two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to one sides of the block and the partition plate close to each other.

[0022] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect is provided.

[0023] The manufacturing method includes: installing the fender and fixing the back plate on the vertical quay wall of the dock;

[0024] Adjusting the height of the fender, rotating the handle, the handle drives the worm to rotate. When the worm rotates, it drives the worm wheel to rotate. When the worm wheel rotates, it drives the gear to rotate. When the gear rotates, it meshes with the rack to move. The rack drives the cushion plate to lift. The cushion plate drives the stopper to move. The stopper drives the connecting plate to move. The connecting plate drives the side plate and the rubber ring to lift.

[0025] Increasing the anti-collision ability of the fender, when the gear rotates, it drives the main shaft to rotate through the limiting mechanism. The main shaft drives the cam to rotate. When the cam rotates, the protruding end on the cam contacts the round wheel on the piston. The piston moves in a direction away from the cam. The piston injects the air inside the air cylinder into the branch pipe through the third one-way valve. The air in the branch pipe is injected into the rubber shell through the main pipe, a pipe body and a first one-way valve.

[0026] Resetting the anti-collision ability of the fender, when it is necessary to reduce the anti-collision ability of the fender, it is necessary to adjust the cushion plate to the lowest position. At this time, the convex block on the cushion plate contacts the switch. The switch controls the solenoid valve to open. The air inside the rubber shell passes through another pipe body and another first one-way valve. Part of the air in the rubber shell is discharged from the solenoid valve. Then, the handle can be continuously rotated to change the height of the rubber ring.

[0027] Preferably, the step of increasing the anti-collision ability of the fender further includes:

[0028] The gear drives the round shell to rotate. The round shell drives the pawl to rotate. Only when the pawl rotates in a certain direction can it drive the ratchet to rotate. The ratchet can further drive the inflation mechanism.

[0029] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0030] 1. A rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect provided by the present invention. The rubber shell can buffer and disperse the impact force of the ship by relying on its own elasticity, protecting the ship and the dock structure from being damaged. If it is necessary to adjust the air pressure in the rubber shell, gas injection or discharge operations can be carried out through the pipe body and the first one-way valve, and a part of the air in the rubber shell is discharged by using the solenoid valve to achieve the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in the summary of the invention is not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Combined with the accompanying drawings and referring to the following detailed description, the above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more obvious. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, where:

[0033] Figure 1 The schematic connection structure diagram of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 2 The exploded view of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 3 The exploded view of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention from another perspective is shown;

[0036] Figure 4 The schematic connection structure diagram of the buffer mechanism of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 5 The schematic connection structure diagram of the back plate and the limit block of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 6 The schematic connection structure diagram of the connecting plate and the stop block of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 7 The schematic connection structure diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 8 The schematic connection structure diagram of the worm, the handle and the worm wheel of the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 9Shows a schematic connection structure of a limiting mechanism of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 Shows a schematic connection structure of an inflation mechanism of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 Shows a schematic connection structure of a partition board, a second spring and a piston of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0045] 1 - rubber ring, 10 - float, 2 - protective cover, 3 - buffer mechanism, 301 - rubber shell, 302 - first one-way valve, 303 - pipe body, 304 - solenoid valve, 305 - bracket, 306 - switch, 307 - bump, 4 - inflation mechanism, 401 - cam, 402 - main pipe, 403 - branch pipe, 404 - second one-way valve, 405 - air cylinder, 406 - third one-way valve, 407 - round wheel, 408 - block, 409 - limiting rod, 410 - partition board, 411 - second spring, 412 - piston, 413 - main shaft, 5 - adjustment mechanism, 501 - worm, 502 - handle, 503 - worm gear, 504 - gear, 505 - rack, 506 - backing plate, 7 - chute, 8 - side plate, 9 - limiting mechanism, 901 - round shell, 902 - pawl, 903 - first spring, 904 - ratchet, 11 - outer shell, 12 - housing, 14 - connecting plate, 13 - cross partition board, 15 - back board, 16 - limiting block, 17 - stop block. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0048] Such as Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect includes a rubber ring 1, a protective cover 2 and a buffer mechanism 3. The protective cover 2 is connected to the rubber ring 1, and the rubber ring 1 itself has a certain anti-collision effect. The protective cover 2 facilitates subsequent staff to check the internal situation of the rubber ring 1. The buffer mechanism 3 is arranged inside the rubber ring 1 to further provide the rubber ring 1 with buffer anti-collision ability.

[0049] The buffer mechanism 3 includes a rubber shell 301, two first one-way valves 302, two pipe bodies 303 and a solenoid valve 304. The rubber shell 301 has good flexibility and elasticity, can effectively buffer energy when being impacted, and can be inflated inside to improve the anti-collision effect. The two sides of the rubber shell 301 are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves 302. The setting of the two first one-way valves 302 ensures that the gas can only flow in a specific direction, that is, the air can only enter from the pipe body 303 on the side not connected to the solenoid valve 304, and enter the rubber shell 301 through the first one-way valve 302, and then the air can only be discharged from the pipe body 303 on the other side connected to the solenoid valve 304. The two first one-way valves 302 limit the direction of the air entering and discharging in the rubber shell 301. The two first one-way valves 302 are respectively connected to the two pipe bodies 303, and one side pipe body 303 is connected to the solenoid valve 304.

[0050] Among them. The two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 are in a group, and a total of four groups can be formed. The four groups of two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 are arranged inside the rubber ring 1 and are divided by a cross partition 13. The cross partition 13 is connected inside the rubber ring 1 and can bear a certain pressure. By setting the cross partition 13, the four groups of two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 can be limited in position, avoiding the situation of the rubber shell 301 shifting after use. Because once the rubber shell 301 shifts, it may lead to uneven buffer effect, thus not affecting the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0051] During actual use, when a ship approaches the dock and is about to contact the rubber ring 1, the rubber ring 1 will first bear the impact force of the ship. At this time, the buffer mechanism 3 starts to play a role. The rubber shell 301 can buffer and disperse the impact force of the ship by relying on its own elasticity, protecting the ship and the dock structure from being damaged. If it is necessary to adjust the air pressure in the rubber shell 301, the gas can be injected or discharged through the pipe body 303 and the first one-way valve 302, and a part of the air in the rubber shell 301 can be discharged by using the solenoid valve 304 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect.

[0052] In this embodiment, it further includes a side plate 8, a back plate 15, a limiting block 16, a float 10, a connecting plate 14, a sliding groove 7, a stop block 17, and a housing 11. The rubber ring 1 is connected to the side plate 8, and the side plate 8 is further connected to the connecting plate 14, ensuring the stability of the rubber ring 1 in the entire structure. The connecting plate 14 fits with the housing 11, and the connecting plate 14 is connected to the stop block 17, and the stop block 17 fits with the inner wall of the housing 11, enabling the stop block 17 to slide within the housing 11. The sliding groove 7 is formed on the housing 11, and the sliding groove 7 is slidably connected to the stop block 17. The sliding groove 7 provides guidance for the sliding of the stop block 17, ensuring the smooth movement of the stop block 17. The housing 11 is connected to the limiting block 16, the limiting block 16 is slidably connected to the back plate 15, and the limiting block 16 is connected to the float 10.

[0053] During actual use, the float 10 will float up and down according to the change of the water level. Since the limiting block 16 is connected to the float 10, the limiting block 16 will slide on the back plate 15 along with the movement of the float 10. When the water level rises, the float 10 floats upward, driving the limiting block 16 to move upward. Then, through the housing 11, the stop block 17, the connecting plate 14, and the side plate 8, the rubber ring 1 is driven to move upward, always keeping the rubber ring 1 at an appropriate height to receive the ship. When the water level drops, similarly, the rubber ring 1 will move downward, ensuring that the rubber ring 1 can protect the ships docking at different water levels.

[0054] In this embodiment, it further includes a housing 12 and an adjusting mechanism 5. The housing 12 is connected to the housing 11 by welding, ensuring the firm connection between the housing 12 and the housing 11. The adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged inside the housing 12 and the housing 11, and the adjusting mechanism 5 is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring 1 to adapt to different types and sizes of ships.

[0055] In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 5 includes a worm 501, a handle 502, a worm gear 503, a gear 504, a rack 505, and a backing plate 506. The worm 501 is rotatably connected to the housing 12 through a bearing, ensuring the flexibility of the rotation of the worm 501. The worm 501 is meshed with the worm gear 503, and the worm gear 503 is connected to the gear 504 by a key, ensuring the synchronous rotation of the two. The gear 504 is meshed with the rack 505, the rack 505 is connected to the backing plate 506 by welding or bolts, the backing plate 506 is connected to the stop block 17, the worm 501 is connected to the handle 502 by a fastening nut, and the gear 504 is rotatably connected to the inner wall protrusion of the housing 12 through another set of bearings.

[0056] During actual use, the staff rotates the handle 502, and the handle 502 drives the worm 501 to rotate. Due to the meshing relationship between the worm 501 and the worm wheel 503, the worm wheel 503 starts to rotate. When the worm wheel 503 rotates, it drives the gear 504 connected to the worm wheel 503 to rotate. When the gear 504 rotates, it meshes with the rack 505 to move, and the rack 505 drives the backing plate 506 to move up and down. The backing plate 506 drives the stopper 17 to move, the stopper 17 drives the connecting plate 14 to move, and the connecting plate 14 drives the side plate 8 and the rubber ring 1 to move up and down, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the rubber ring 1.

[0057] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 3 further includes a bracket 305, a switch 306, and a convex block 307. The bracket 305 is connected to the housing 12 by bolts. The bracket 305 is connected to the switch 306, and a convex block 307 fixed to the backing plate 506 is arranged above the switch 306. Among them, the contact position between the convex block 307 and the switch 306 is the lowest position of the backing plate 506 during lifting.

[0058] During actual use, when it is necessary to reduce the anti-collision ability of the fender, in order to avoid inflation in the rubber shell 301, that is, after adjusting the rubber ring 1 to move downward for a certain distance and then adjusting the rubber ring 1 upward for a certain distance, a certain amount of gas is filled in the rubber shell 301 at this time. The staff needs to adjust the rubber ring 1 to the lowest position, that is, the convex block 307 contacts the switch 306, and then adjust it. The purpose is to open the solenoid valve 304 so that the air pressure inside the rubber shell 301 is the same as the air pressure in the environment, and then adjust the position of the rubber ring 1. Among them, when the switch 306 contacts the convex block 307, the solenoid valve 304 is opened, and when the switch 306 separates from the convex block 307, the solenoid valve 304 is closed.

[0059] In this embodiment, the gear 504 is connected to an inflation mechanism 4 through a limiting mechanism 9, and the limiting mechanism 9 limits the gear 504 to drive the inflation mechanism 4 to inflate the other side tube body 303 only in one rotation direction.

[0060] During actual use, when the gear 504 rotates under the action of the adjustment mechanism 5, the limiting mechanism 9 starts to play a role. If the gear 504 rotates in the allowed direction, the limiting mechanism 9 will transmit the rotation of the gear 504 to the inflation mechanism 4, so that the inflation mechanism 4 starts to work, and then inflates the rubber shell 301 to increase the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1; if the gear 504 rotates in the opposite direction, the limiting mechanism 9 will prevent the inflation mechanism 4 from working, avoiding inflating the rubber shell 301 when inflation is not required, and ensuring the adjustment of the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0061] In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 9 includes a circular shell 901, a pawl 902, a first spring 903, and a ratchet wheel 904. The circular shell 901 is rotationally connected to the gear 504 through a spline, the circular shell 901 is rotationally connected to the pawl 902 through a pin shaft, both ends of the first spring 903 are respectively connected between the pawl 902 and the inner wall of the circular shell 901, and the pawl 902 is engaged with the ratchet wheel 904. For example, when the worm 501 meshes with the worm wheel 503 and rotates clockwise, the worm wheel 503 will drive the gear 504 to rotate clockwise during the clockwise rotation process. During the clockwise rotation process of the gear 504, it will indirectly drive the rubber ring 1 to move upward. At the same time, the pawl 902 can only drive the ratchet wheel 904 to rotate when rotating clockwise, thereby driving the inflation mechanism 4 to perform inflation work. On the contrary, when the gear 504 rotates counterclockwise, the pawl 902 at this time cannot drive the ratchet wheel 904 to rotate, and thus cannot drive the inflation mechanism 4 to perform inflation work. Therefore, during the process of lowering the rubber ring 1, the rubber shell 301 will not be inflated to change the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1. This device realizes that when the rubber ring 1 is raised, the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is automatically increased, and when the rubber ring 1 is lowered, the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is automatically decreased, and it naturally matches the actual contact position between ships of different sizes and the rubber fender. The staff can adjust the position of the rubber ring 1 according to the docking ship to ensure the normal docking of large-sized ships. At the same time, when docking small-sized ships, it will not cause large-scale shaking of the ship due to excessive anti-collision effect, and it can adapt to the docking of ships of different sizes. In the actual port environment, the dock may receive various types and sizes of ships, from large container ships, bulk carriers to small fishing boats, yachts, etc. This device can adapt to this diverse ship docking requirement, without the need to separately set different protective facilities for different types of ships, improving the versatility of the dock facilities. Whether it is a newly built dock or an upgrade and transformation of an existing dock, installing this device can, without changing the main structure of the dock, enhance the adaptability of the dock to various ships, enabling it to better meet the changing shipping demands.

[0062] In actual use, when the staff rotates the handle 502 to raise the rubber ring 1, the gear 504 rotates clockwise, and the circular shell 901 rotates accordingly. The circular shell 901 drives the pawl 902 to rotate. Due to the action of the first spring 903, the pawl 902 is stuck on the ratchet 904. Therefore, when the pawl 902 rotates clockwise, it can drive the ratchet 904 to rotate. The ratchet 904 drives the inflation mechanism 4 to work through the connecting component, and starts to inflate the rubber shell 301, enhancing the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1. When the staff rotates the handle 502 in the reverse direction to lower the rubber ring 1, the gear 504 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the pawl 902 slides on the tooth back of the ratchet 904 and cannot drive the ratchet 904 to rotate, so the inflation mechanism 4 will not work. The anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is enhanced by injecting air into the rubber shell 301. With the higher air pressure and stronger elasticity of the internal rubber shell 301, the rubber ring 1 can buffer the impact force when a large ship docks, reducing the risk of the ship's hull being damaged and the structure being deformed due to the impact. At the same time, it also protects the dock facilities, such as preventing the mooring bollards at the dock from being broken and the concrete structure at the edge of the dock from being cracked, ensuring the safety of the ship and the dock. For small ships, if fenders with traditional fixed anti-collision effects are used, the excessive anti-collision force will cause violent shaking when the small ship docks. This shaking will not only make the personnel on the ship feel uncomfortable, and may even cause personnel to fall and get injured, but also may cause the goods on the ship to fall and be damaged due to the shaking. When the device lowers the rubber ring 1, it will automatically discharge some of the air in the rubber shell 301, reducing the anti-collision effect, so that the impact force received by the small ship when docking is just right, avoiding the large-scale shaking caused by excessive anti-collision force, and ensuring the safety and stability of the small ship when docking.

[0063] In this embodiment, the inflation mechanism 4 includes a main shaft 413, a cam 401, a main pipe 402, a branch pipe 403, a second one-way valve 404, a third one-way valve 406, a cylinder 405, a round wheel 407, a piston 412, a partition plate 410, a limiting rod 409, a block 408 and a second spring 411. Both the main pipe 402 and the cylinder 405 are connected to the housing 12 by welding or bolts. The main pipe 402 communicates with the branch pipe 403, and the branch pipe 403 is connected to the cylinder 405 through the second one-way valve 404 to ensure that the gas can only flow from the cylinder 405 to the branch pipe 403. The piston 412 is slidably connected to the cylinder 405, and the third one-way valve 406 is connected to the cylinder 405, so that the outside air can only enter the cylinder 405 through the third one-way valve 406. The piston 412 is rotatably connected to the round wheel 407, the round wheel 407 contacts the cam 401, the cam 401 is connected to the ratchet 904 through the main shaft 413, and the main shaft 413 is rotatably connected to the housing 12 through a bearing. The piston 412 is connected to the partition plate 410, the partition plate 410 is connected to the limiting rod 409, the limiting rod 409 passes through the block 408, the block 408 is connected to the cylinder 405, and the second spring 411 is sleeved on the limiting rod 409. The two ends of the second spring 411 are respectively connected to the sides of the block 408 and the partition plate 410 that are close to each other. Among them, the number of the branch pipe 403, the second one-way valve 404, the third one-way valve 406, the cylinder 405, the round wheel 407, the piston 412, the partition plate 410, the limiting rod 409, the block 408 and the second spring 411 can be multiple, and they are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer side surface of the cam 401. The user can set multiple branch pipes 403, second one-way valves 404, third one-way valves 406, cylinders 405, round wheels 407, pistons 412, partition plates 410, limiting rods 409, blocks 408 and second springs 411 according to needs, so as to improve the inflation speed of the inflation mechanism 4 for the rubber shell 301.

[0064] In actual use, when the ratchet wheel 904 rotates, the cam 401 is driven to rotate by the main shaft 413. During the rotation of the cam 401, the convex end of the cam 401 will periodically contact the round wheel 407 on the piston 412. When the convex end of the cam 401 contacts the round wheel 407, it will push the piston 412 to move away from the cam 401. When the piston 412 moves, the air inside the air cylinder 405 is compressed and injected into the branch pipe 403 through the third one-way valve 406. The air in the branch pipe 403 is injected into the rubber shell 301 through the main pipe 402, a pipe body 303 and a first one-way valve 302. When the convex end of the cam 401 leaves the round wheel 407, under the action of the second spring 411, the piston 412 will reset. At this time, the outside air enters the air cylinder 405 through the third one-way valve 406 to prepare for the next inflation. Since multiple inflation mechanisms are annularly and equidistantly distributed on the outer side of the cam 401, during one rotation of the cam 401, multiple pistons 412 will perform inflation operations in sequence, improving the inflation speed of the rubber shell 301 and enhancing the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1.

[0065] In addition, another embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect, including the following steps:

[0066] Install the fender, fix the back plate 15 on the vertical quay wall of the dock, and use high-strength expansion bolts or welding and other methods to ensure that the back plate 15 is firmly connected to the quay wall, providing a stable support foundation for the entire rubber fender structure.

[0067] Adjust the height of the fender. Rotate the handle 502, and the handle 502 drives the worm 501 to rotate. During the rotation of the worm 501, it drives the worm gear 503 to rotate. When the worm gear 503 rotates, it drives the gear 504 to rotate. When the gear 504 rotates, it will engage with the rack 505 to move. The rack 505 drives the backing plate 506 to lift and lower. The backing plate 506 drives the stopper 17 to move. The stopper 17 drives the connecting plate 14 to move. The connecting plate 14 drives the side plate 8 and the rubber ring 1 to perform lifting and lowering movements. During the adjustment process, the staff can slowly rotate the handle 502 according to the actual situation of the dock and the approximate size of the passing ships, and adjust the rubber ring 1 to a suitable position by observing the height change of the rubber ring 1.

[0068] To increase the anti-collision ability of the fender, during the rotation of gear 504, the main shaft 413 is driven to rotate through the limiting mechanism 9. The main shaft 413 drives the cam 401 to rotate. When the cam 401 rotates, the protruding end on the cam 401 contacts the round wheel 407 on the piston 412, and the piston 412 moves in a direction away from the cam 401. The piston 412 injects the air inside the air cylinder 405 into the branch pipe 403 through the third one-way valve 406. The air in the branch pipe 403 is injected into the rubber shell 301 through the main pipe 402, a pipe body 303, and a first one-way valve 302. During this process, due to the coordinated operation of multiple inflation mechanisms 4, the air pressure inside the rubber shell 301 can be rapidly increased, thereby enhancing the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1 to adapt to the greater impact force when a large ship docks.

[0069] To reset the anti-collision ability of the fender, when it is necessary to reduce the anti-collision ability of the fender, the cushion plate 506 needs to be adjusted to the lowest position, that is, the convex block 307 on the cushion plate 506 contacts the switch 306. The switch 306 controls the solenoid valve 304 to open. The air inside the rubber shell 301 passes through another pipe body 303 and another first one-way valve, and finally discharges from the solenoid valve 304. At this time, the air pressure inside the rubber shell 301 is the same as the air pressure in the environment. Then continue to operate the handle 502 to adjust the rubber ring 1 upward. When a small ship needs to dock, by reducing the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1, it is possible to avoid excessive impact on the small ship during docking and ensure the stability and safety of the ship docking. When it is necessary to reduce the anti-collision ability of the fender, to avoid inflation in the rubber shell 301, that is, after adjusting the rubber ring 1 to move downward for a certain distance and then adjusting the rubber ring 1 upward for a certain distance, a certain amount of gas has been filled in the rubber shell 301 at this time. The staff needs to adjust the rubber ring 1 to the lowest position, that is, the convex block 307 on the cushion plate 506 contacts the switch 306, and then make the adjustment.

[0070] The steps for increasing the anti-collision ability of the fender also include:

[0071] The gear 504 drives the round shell 901 to rotate, and the round shell 901 drives the pawl 902 to rotate. Only when the pawl 902 rotates in a certain direction can it drive the ratchet wheel 904 to rotate, and the ratchet wheel 904 can further drive the inflation mechanism 4. During the process of raising the rubber ring 1, the gear 504 rotates clockwise, and the round shell 901 rotates accordingly. Under the action of the first spring 903, the pawl 902 engages with the ratchet wheel 904, thereby driving the ratchet wheel 904 to rotate, and then driving the inflation mechanism 4 to work, realizing the inflation operation of the rubber shell 301 and improving the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0072] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect, characterized in that: It comprises a rubber ring (1), a protective cover (2) and a buffer mechanism (3); the protective cover (2) is connected to the rubber ring (1), and the buffer mechanism (3) is arranged inside the rubber ring (1); The buffer mechanism (3) comprises a rubber shell (301), two first one-way valves (302), two tube bodies (303) and a solenoid valve (304); The two sides of the rubber shell (301) are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves (302), the two first one-way valves (302) are respectively connected to the two tube bodies (303), the tube body (303) on one side is connected to the solenoid valve (304), and air enters from the tube body (303) on the other side and is injected into the rubber shell (301); The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect also includes a side plate (8), a back plate (15), a limit block (16), a float (10), a connecting plate (14), a chute (7), a stop block (17) and a shell (11); the rubber ring (1) is connected to the side plate (8), the side plate (8) is connected to the connecting plate (14), the connecting plate (14) is fitted with the shell (11), the connecting plate (14) is connected to the stop block (17), the stop block (17) is fitted with the inner wall of the shell (11), the chute (7) is arranged on the shell (11), the chute (7) is slidably connected to the stop block (17), the shell (11) is connected to the limit block (16), the limit block (16) is slidably connected to the back plate (15), and the limit block (16) is connected to the float (10); The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect also comprises a shell (12) and an adjustment mechanism (5); the shell (12) is connected to the outer shell (11), the adjustment mechanism (5) is arranged inside the shell (12) and the outer shell (11), and the adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring (1); The adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a worm (501), a handle (502), a worm wheel (503), a gear (504), a rack (505) and a pad (506); The worm (501) is rotationally connected to the housing (12), the worm (501) is meshingly connected to the worm wheel (503), the worm wheel (503) is connected to the gear (504), the gear (504) is meshingly connected to the rack (505), the rack (505) is connected to the pad (506), the pad (506) is connected to the stopper (17), the worm (501) is connected to the handle (502), and the gear (504) is rotationally connected to the housing (12).

2. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (3) further comprises a bracket (305), a switch (306) and a protrusion (307); The bracket (305) is connected to the housing (12), the bracket (305) is connected to the switch (306), and the convex block (307) connected to the pad (506) is arranged above the switch (306).

3. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear (504) is connected to the inflation mechanism (4) via a limiting mechanism (9), and the limiting mechanism (9) limits the gear (504) to only one rotation direction to drive the inflation mechanism (4) to inflate the tube (303) on the other side.

4. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (9) comprises a round shell (901), a ratchet pawl (902), a first spring (903) and a ratchet wheel (904); The circular shell (901) is rotationally connected to the gear (504), the circular shell (901) is rotationally connected to the pawl (902), the pawl (902) and the inner wall of the circular shell (901) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first spring (903), and the pawl (902) is clamped with the ratchet (904).

5. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inflation mechanism (4) comprises a main shaft (413), a cam (401), a main pipe (402), a branch pipe (403), a second one-way valve (404), a third one-way valve (406), an air cylinder (405), a round wheel (407), a piston (412), a partition (410), a limit rod (409), a block (408) and a second spring (411); The main pipe (402) and the gas cylinder (405) are both connected to the housing (12); the main pipe (402) is in communication with the branch pipe (403); the branch pipe (403) is connected to the gas cylinder (405) via the second one-way valve (404); the piston (412) is slidably connected to the gas cylinder (405); the third one-way valve (406) is connected to the gas cylinder (405); the piston (412) is rotationally connected to the round wheel (407); the round wheel (407) is in contact with the cam (401); The cam (401) is connected to the ratchet (904) through the main shaft (413), the piston (412) is connected to the partition (410), the partition (410) is connected to the limit rod (409), the limit rod (409) passes through the block (408), the block (408) is connected to the air cylinder (405), the second spring (411) is sleeved on the limit rod (409), and the two ends of the second spring (411) are respectively connected to the side of the block (408) and the partition (410) that are close to each other.

6. A method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Install fenders and fix the back plate (15) to the vertical quay wall of the wharf; To adjust the height of the fender, the handle (502) is turned, the handle (502) drives the worm (501) to rotate, the worm (501) drives the worm wheel (503) to rotate during the rotation, the worm wheel (503) drives the gear (504) to rotate during the rotation, the gear (504) engages with the rack (505) to move during the rotation, the rack (505) drives the pad (506) to move up and down, the pad (506) drives the stopper (17) to move, the stopper (17) drives the connecting plate (14) to move, and the connecting plate (14) drives the side plate (8) and the rubber ring (1) to move up and down; To improve the anti-collision capability of the fender, the gear (504) drives the main shaft (413) to rotate through the limiting mechanism (9) during the rotation process, and the main shaft (413) drives the cam (401) to rotate. When the cam (401) rotates, the protruding end on the cam (401) contacts the round wheel (407) on the piston (412), and the piston (412) moves in a direction away from the cam (401). The piston (412) injects the air inside the air cylinder (405) into the branch pipe (403) through the third one-way valve (406), and the air in the branch pipe (403) is injected into the rubber shell (301) through the main pipe (402), a pipe body (303) and a first one-way valve (302); To reset the anti-collision capability of the fender, when it is necessary to lower the anti-collision capability of the fender, the pad (506) needs to be adjusted to the lowest position. At this time, the protrusion (307) on the pad (506) contacts the switch (306). The switch (306) controls the solenoid valve (304) to open. The air inside the rubber shell (301) passes through another tube (303) and another first one-way valve (302). Part of the air in the rubber shell (301) is discharged from the solenoid valve (304). Then, the handle (502) is continuously turned to change the height of the rubber ring (1).

7. A method for using the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The steps to improve the anti-collision capability of the fender also include: The gear (504) drives the round shell (901) to rotate, and the round shell (901) drives the ratchet (902) to rotate. Only when the ratchet (902) rotates in a certain direction will it drive the ratchet wheel (904) to rotate, and the ratchet wheel (904) further drives the inflation mechanism (4).

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