A continuous penetrable split-sleeve in-situ observation device and a method for laying the same

Abstract

The application discloses a continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device and a laying method thereof, and comprises a supporting system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit. The double-layer penetration module is designed by using the bidirectional ball screw transmission principle, so that the continuous laying of the probe rod can be realized while the high-precision laying of the probe rod is completed. According to the transmission penetration principle of the ball screw, the cooperation between the ball and the screw thread is extremely easy to be interfered by the suspended silt particles in seawater. The telescopic pipe is nested outside the bidirectional ball screw, so that the silt particles in the environmental water can be prevented from adhering to the ball screw, and the smoothness of the penetration of the probe rod is ensured. The observation device is designed as two parts of an upper frame and a lower frame, and the automatic separator is arranged between the two frames. After the device is settled on the bottom and the laying of the probe rod is completed, the upper frame is separated, so that the reliability of the data and the safety of the device are greatly ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of offshore wind power equipment, in particular to a continuous penetration type separated in-situ observation device and a laying method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the frequent storm surge disasters have caused more and more serious damage to offshore wind farms, and offshore wind pile foundations are threatened by marine geological disasters such as scouring and liquefaction. The exploration of engineering geological conditions in the offshore wind farm area and the long-term observation of seabed dynamic response are the key to ensuring the safe operation of offshore wind farms.

[0003] So far, the exploration technology of seabed sediment engineering geological conditions mainly focuses on the static cone penetration test (CPT). The static cone penetration test has very high requirements for the penetration process of the CPT probe. Not only does the CPT probe need to penetrate at a constant speed, but also it needs to maintain continuous penetration as much as possible. The traditional penetration method based on friction wheel or hydraulic penetration has the disadvantages of CPT probe rod slipping and inaccurate penetration stroke. In order to solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN 116558489 A discloses a penetration method based on electrically driven screw rod screw transmission. The high precision, reversibility and high efficiency of screw rod transmission are used to realize the constant speed penetration of CPT. However, after completing a single stroke penetration, the probe rod clamping hand needs to be reset, which causes a long time stop and cannot continuously penetrate, which seriously affects the quality of CPT data. In addition, the penetration method based on screw rod transmission is easily affected by the adhesion of sediment particles in seawater, which affects the engagement between the screw rod and the screw nut. The screw rod is exposed to the seawater environment, and the adhesion of sediment particles can cause penetration process jamming, unable to penetrate, and even serious accidents such as screw rod damage.

[0004] The integration of short-term exploration technology and long-term observation technology provides convenience for the prevention and control of geological disasters in offshore wind farms, that is, the CPT probe and the seabed dynamic response measuring sensor are integrated into a single sensing unit. After the CPT probe completes the exploration of the engineering geological conditions in the area, the sensor is left in the seabed, and other types of sensors are used to continue monitoring the dynamic response parameters of the seabed sediment. However, offshore wind farms are often built on muddy seabeds with poor bottom bearing capacity, and the support frame carrying the CPT probe often has the characteristics of heavy weight and complex structure. The long-term stay of the support frame in the seabed can cause uneven settlement and flow disturbance of the equipment, which not only affects the quality of observation data, but also seriously threatens the safety of the equipment. Based on the reliable separation design of the support frame and the sensing unit, a new idea is provided for the accurate exploration and long-term safe observation of the seabed engineering geological conditions in the offshore wind farm area.

[0005] Based on the above situation, the present application provides a continuous penetration type separated in-situ observation device and a laying method thereof to effectively solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problems in the background art, the application provides a continuous penetration type separated in-situ observation device and a laying method thereof, which has the characteristics of simple structure, large penetration depth and small size, realizes continuous and constant-speed penetration of the CPT probe, separates the main support frame from the sensing unit, and guarantees the data quality of the sensing unit and the safety of the device.

[0007] The application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] A continuous penetration type separated in-situ observation device, comprising a support system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit, the support system comprising an upper support frame, a lifting ring, a sand prevention net, an anti-collision strip, a middle cross brace, a lower support frame, a sedimentation prevention plate, a top cross brace and a bottom cross brace, the upper support frame being connected with the lower support frame through the separator, the lifting ring being arranged at the top of the four corners of the upper support frame, the sand prevention net being fixed around the upper support frame, the top cross brace being arranged at the top of the upper support frame, the middle cross brace being arranged at the middle of the upper support frame, and the bottom cross brace being arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame.

[0009] The penetration system comprises a guide rod, a bidirectional ball screw with reverse teeth, an upper clamping mechanism, a cross brace plate, a top angular contact bearing, an upper screw nut, a middle angular contact bearing, a lower clamping mechanism, a fixing plate, a straight bevel gear, a penetration motor, a bottom angular contact bearing, a lower screw nut, a first telescopic pipe, a second telescopic pipe, a third telescopic pipe, a fourth telescopic pipe and a motor straight bevel gear, the upper end of the guide rod being arranged on the lower surface of the top cross brace, the lower end of the guide rod being arranged on the upper surface of the bottom cross brace, the top angular contact bearing and the bottom angular contact bearing being arranged on the lower surface of the top cross brace and the upper surface of the bottom cross brace respectively, the two groups of bidirectional ball screws with reverse teeth being located between the two groups of top angular contact bearings and bottom angular contact bearings respectively and being engaged with the bearings, the upper screw nut and the lower screw nut moving in opposite directions, the bidirectional ball screw with reverse teeth rotating clockwise, the upper screw nut and the lower screw nut moving in the same direction, the straight bevel gear being arranged between the lower end of the bidirectional ball screw with reverse teeth and the upper side of the bottom angular contact bearing, and the straight bevel gear being engaged with the motor straight bevel gear.

[0010] Further, the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism comprise a support plate, a first circular hole, a clamping motor, a clamping bearing, a clamping screw rod, a clamping screw nut, a clamping hand, a range-extending semi-cylinder and a second circular hole, the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism being used for clamping the rod body of the measuring unit, the clamping bearing being welded on the lower surface of the support plate, the clamping screw rod penetrating through the clamping bearing and having the clamping motor welded on the end portion, the clamping screw nut being sleeved on the clamping screw rod and being located between the two clamping bearings, and the lower end of the clamping screw nut being welded with the semi-circular clamping hand, and the range-extending semi-cylinder being fixed on the lower end of the clamping hand through a screw.

[0011] Further, the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism are connected with the guide rods, the upper screw rod nut and the lower screw rod nut through the support plates, the support plates are sleeved on the four guide rods through the first circular holes, the support plates of the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper screw rod nut and the lower screw rod nut respectively through the second circular holes, the cross support plates and the support plates are located between the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism, the cross support plates are sleeved on the four guide rods through the first circular holes, the inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing is arranged at the middle position of the bidirectional ball screw, the outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole of the cross support plate, the fixing pieces are located at the bottom of the guide rods, the two ends of the fixing pieces are sleeved and welded on the guide rods respectively, and the middle of the fixing pieces is sleeved on the straight bevel gear at the bottom of the bidirectional ball screw for fixing the bottom end of the fourth telescopic pipe.

[0012] Further, the outer ring of the bidirectional ball screw is sleeved with a telescopic pipe, and the telescopic pipe includes a first telescopic pipe, a second telescopic pipe, a third telescopic pipe and a fourth telescopic pipe.

[0013] Further, the upper end of the first telescopic pipe is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing, and the lower end of the first telescopic pipe is fixed to the upper surface of the upper screw rod nut; the upper end of the second telescopic pipe is fixed to the lower surface of the screw rod nut, and the lower end of the second telescopic pipe is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing; the upper end of the third telescopic pipe is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing, and the lower end of the third telescopic pipe is fixed to the upper surface of the lower screw rod nut; and the upper end of the fourth telescopic pipe is fixed to the lower surface of the lower screw rod nut, and the lower end of the fourth telescopic pipe is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing piece.

[0014] Further, the telescopic pipe includes a first telescopic pipe, a second telescopic pipe, a third telescopic pipe and a fourth telescopic pipe.

[0015] Further, the separator includes an upper support column, a lower support column, a bolt, a spring, a bolt hole, a square stop bar and a limiting hole, the upper support column is arranged at the bottom of the four corners of the upper support frame, the lower end of the upper support column is provided with the bolt hole, the lower support column is arranged at the top of the four corners of the lower support frame, the upper support column and the lower support column are connected through the bolt, the middle of the bolt is provided with the square stop bar, and the side of the lower support column is provided with the limiting hole with the same size as the square stop bar.

[0016] Further, the measurement unit includes a probe rod body, an annular limiting stop block, a CPT probe and a data acquisition cabin, the top end of the measurement unit is the data acquisition cabin, the lower end is provided with the probe rod body, the probe rod body is provided with a plurality of annular limiting stop blocks, and the bottom end of the probe rod body is connected with the CPT probe.

[0017] Further, a method for laying a continuous-penetration split in-situ observation device includes the following steps:

[0018] Step one, device deck preparation: using the penetration motor to synchronously drive two positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screw to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper and lower clamping mechanisms reset, then using the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move towards each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit, the lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the annular limiting block, and the measuring unit is fixed;

[0019] Step two, installation of hoisting cable: pass the cable of the ship-mounted crane through the four lifting rings on the upper support frame, and insert the pins of the four separators into the pin holes along the limiting holes respectively; hoist the upper support frame, increase the friction between the pin and the upper support column in the transverse direction, loosen the pin, and the pin will not automatically pop out;

[0020] Step three, device lowering and bottoming: use the ship-mounted crane to put the device into the sea and land on the seabed, the pin is no longer under tension, and under the action of the spring force, the pin falls off, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame automatically separate;

[0021] Step four, first penetration stroke: after the device is bottomed, the penetration motor synchronously drives two positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward under the drive of the lower screw nut, i.e. the lower clamping mechanism resets, thereby the first stage penetration of the measuring unit is carried out;

[0022] Step five, second penetration stroke: when the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowermost end of the positive thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives two positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, i.e. the upper clamping mechanism resets, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward, thereby the second stage penetration of the measuring unit is carried out;

[0023] Step six, third penetration stroke: when the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowermost end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit;

[0024] Step seven, cyclic penetration stage: steps four, five and six are repeated in turn to complete the continuous penetration of the measuring unit;

[0025] Step eight, first tail end penetration stage: when the measuring unit penetrates to a certain depth, i.e. the data sampling cabin of the measuring unit moves to the lower end of the positive thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit, the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working, the uppermost end of the probe rod body of the measuring unit is clamped by the lower clamping mechanism, and the measuring unit continues to penetrate into the seabed;

[0026] Step nine, tail end penetration phase two: when the lower clamping mechanism moves the measuring unit downward to the bottom of the reverse thread, the sampling cabin part of the measuring unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the measuring unit stops penetrating, the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops, then the lower clamping mechanism releases the probe rod, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward under the driving of the lower screw nut;

[0027] Step ten, tail end penetration phase three: when the bottom of the range increasing semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the sampling cabin, the lower clamping mechanism clamps, the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, the bottom of the range increasing semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the sampling cabin, and the measuring unit continues to penetrate, and when the sampling cabin moves completely into the lower support frame, the penetration motor stops moving, thereby completing the whole process of the measuring unit deployment;

[0028] Step eleven, in-situ observation phase: the ship-mounted crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and the penetration system are recycled to the deck, and the lower support system and the measuring unit are left on the seabed surface and inside for long-term in-situ observation.

[0029] The application provides a continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device and a deployment method thereof.

[0030] (2) The ball screw is prevented from being interfered by suspended silt particles in the environment water, and the smoothness of the probe rod penetration is ensured.

[0031] (3) The device is designed as two parts of an upper frame and a lower frame, and the middle part is connected by an automatic separator, so that the upper frame is separated after the device is settled on the bottom and the probe rod is deployed, and the reliability of the data and the safety of the device are greatly ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of the continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device.

[0034] Figure 3Main view of the continuous penetrable split in-situ observation device;

[0035] Figure 4 Main view of the penetration system;

[0036] Figure 5 Plan view of the penetration system;

[0037] Figure 6 Perspective view of the penetration system;

[0038] Figure 7 Detail view of the clamping mechanism;

[0039] Figure 8 Perspective view of the clamping mechanism;

[0040] Figure 9 Splitter open state view;

[0041] Figure 10 Splitter closed state view;

[0042] Figure 11 Forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screw and its accessories view;

[0043] Figure 12 Forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screw view;

[0044] Figure 13 Tail end penetration stage view.

[0045] The serial numbers marked in the figure represent: 101: upper support frame, 102: lifting ring, 103: sand prevention net, 104: anti-collision strip, 105: middle cross support, 106: lower support frame, 107: anti-settling plate, 108: top cross support, 109: bottom cross support, 201: guide rod, 202: bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth, 2021: positive thread, 2022: reverse thread, 203: upper clamping mechanism, 2031: support plate, 2032: first circular hole, 2033: clamping motor, 2034: clamping bearing, 2035: clamping screw rod, 2036: clamping screw rod nut, 2037: clamping hand, 2038: range-increasing semi-cylinder, 2039: second circular hole, 204: cross support plate, 205: top angular contact bearing, 206: upper screw rod nut, 207: middle angular contact bearing, 208: lower clamping mechanism; 209: fixed plate, 210: straight bevel gear, 211: penetrating motor, 212: bottom angular contact bearing, 213: lower screw rod nut, 214: first telescopic pipe, 215: second telescopic pipe, 216: third telescopic pipe, 217: fourth telescopic pipe, 218: motor straight bevel gear, 301: separator, 302: upper support column, 303: lower support column, 304: bolt, 305: spring, 306: bolt hole, 307: square stop, 308: limiting hole, 401: probe rod body, 402: annular limiting block, 403: CPT probe, 404: data acquisition cabin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-13The application discloses a continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device, which is characterized by comprising a support system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit, wherein the support system comprises an upper support frame 101, a lifting ring 102, a sandproof net 103, an anti-collision strip 104, a middle cross support 105, a lower support frame 106, an anti-settling plate 107, a top cross support 108 and a bottom cross support 109; the upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106 are used as the support frame of the split in-situ observation device and are welded by H-shaped stainless steel of 316L material, and have the characteristics of light weight and high strength; the two are connected by the separator 301; the four lifting rings 102 are welded on the top four corners of the upper support frame 101 and are used as the lifting points of the split in-situ observation device; the four sandproof nets 103 of the same size are fixed around the upper support frame 101 and prevent large-particle silt, organisms, fishing nets and other foreign matters from entering the penetration system; the anti-collision strips 104 are fixed on the H-shaped steel around the upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106 and are used for buffering the collision of the device in the lifting process; the two top cross supports 108 of the same size are welded on the H-shaped steel at the top of the upper support frame 101, the four middle cross supports 105 of the same size are welded on the H-shaped steel at the middle of the upper support frame 101, and the two bottom cross supports 109 of the same size are welded on the H-shaped steel at the bottom of the upper support frame 101; the top cross supports 108 and the bottom cross supports 109 are used for bearing the penetration system, and the middle cross supports 105 are used for strengthening the strength of the upper support frame; and the four anti-settling plates 107 of the same size are respectively welded around the H-shaped steel at the bottom of the lower support frame 106 and are used for preventing the split in-situ observation device from sinking in the laying process.

[0048] The penetrating system comprises a guide rod 201, a bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202, an upper clamping mechanism 203, a cross bracing plate 204, a top angular contact bearing 205, an upper screw nut 206, a middle angular contact bearing 207, a lower clamping mechanism 208, a fixed plate 209, a straight bevel gear 210, a penetrating motor 211, a bottom angular contact bearing 212, a lower screw nut 213, a first telescopic pipe 214, a second telescopic pipe 215, a third telescopic pipe 216, a fourth telescopic pipe 217, and a motor straight bevel gear 218. The upper ends of the four guide rods 201 of the same size are respectively welded to the lower surface of the top cross bracing 108, and the lower ends are respectively welded to the upper surface of the bottom cross bracing 109, which are used for the vertical movement of the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208, and ensure the vertical penetration of the measuring unit. Two groups of the same top angular contact bearing 205 and bottom angular contact bearing 212 are respectively welded to the lower surface of the top cross bracing 108 and the upper surface of the bottom cross bracing 109, which are used for the support and positioning of the top and bottom of the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202. The bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 is composed of a positive thread 2021 and a reverse thread 2022. The two groups of bidirectional ball screws with positive and reverse teeth 202 are respectively located between the two groups of the same top angular contact bearing 205 and bottom angular contact bearing 212, and can realize the free rotation of the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 in the horizontal plane through the meshing between the screw rod body and the bearing. In addition, the positive thread 2021 and the reverse thread 2022 of the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 are respectively engaged with the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 on the surface, which can realize the movement of the two nuts in the vertical direction. When the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 rotates counterclockwise, the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 move in the opposite direction, and when the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 rotates clockwise, the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 move in the same direction. The straight bevel gear 210 is welded between the lower end of the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202 and the position above the bottom angular contact bearing 212. The straight bevel gear 210 is engaged with another same size motor straight bevel gear 218 perpendicular to its axial direction, and the penetrating motor 211 drives the motor straight bevel gear 218 to realize the movement of the straight bevel gear 210 and the bidirectional ball screw with positive and reverse teeth 202.

[0049] The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 comprise a support plate 2023, a first circular hole 2032, a clamping motor 2033, a clamping bearing 2034, a clamping lead screw 2035, a clamping lead screw nut 2036, a clamping hand 2037, a range-extending semi-cylinder 2038, and a second circular hole 2039, all of which are left-right symmetrical structures. The left-right components include the clamping motor 2033, the clamping bearing 2034, the clamping lead screw 2035, the clamping lead screw nut 2036, the clamping hand 2037, and the range-extending semi-cylinder 2038, all of which are identical. The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 are mainly used for clamping the rod body 401 of the measurement unit and providing a counterforce for the penetration of the measurement unit. Taking the left part of the upper clamping mechanism 203 as an example, two identical clamping bearings 2034 are welded to the lower surface of the support plate 2023, the clamping lead screw 2035 passes through the two clamping bearings 2034, the left end is welded with the clamping motor 2033, the clamping lead screw nut 2036 is sleeved on the clamping lead screw 2035 and located between the two clamping bearings 2034, and the lower end is welded with a semicircular clamping hand 2037; the range-extending semi-cylinder 2038 is fixed to the lower end of the clamping hand 2037 by screws, which can increase the penetration stroke of the measurement unit when the data acquisition cabin 404 of the measurement unit penetrates to the bottom of the upper support frame 101, i.e., the data acquisition cabin 404 is pressed into the lower support frame 106 by the lower surface of the range-extending semi-cylinder 2038. Due to the left-right symmetrical structure of the upper clamping mechanism 203, the clamping motors 2033 at both ends simultaneously drive the clamping lead screws 2035 at both ends to rotate. Based on the principle of lead screw transmission, the clamping lead screw nuts 2036 at the left and right ends drive the left and right clamping hands 2037 to move in opposite directions or in reverse directions, thereby realizing the clamping and loosening of the measurement unit. The clamping lead screw 2035 rotates counterclockwise, the left and right clamping hands 2037 move in opposite directions, the clamping lead screw 2035 rotates clockwise, and the left and right clamping hands 2037 move in reverse directions. In addition, the clamping lead screw 2035 of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms 203 and 208 has a stroke, and the clamping motor 2033 has a high speed, so the time for clamping and loosening is in milliseconds, which can be ignored.

[0050] The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 are connected with the guide rods 201, the upper screw rod nut 206 and the lower screw rod nut 213 through the support plate 2023. The support plate 2023 is sleeved on the four guide rods 201 through four first circular holes of the same size. The support plate 2023 of the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 is welded to the outer surfaces of the upper screw rod nut 206 and the lower screw rod nut 213 respectively through the second circular hole 2039, so as to realize the connection between the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 and the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202, and thus the up-down movement of the clamping mechanism is driven by the screw rod nut. The cross support plate 204 has the same structure as the support plate 2023, is located between the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208, is at the middle position of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202, and is sleeved on the four guide rods 201 through four first circular holes of the same size. The inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing 207 is welded to the middle position of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202, and the outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing 207 is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole 2039 of the cross support plate 204, so as to realize the connection between the middle angular contact bearing 207 and the cross support plate 204. The two fixing plates 209 of the same size and structure are located at the bottom of the four guide rods 201, are sleeved and welded on the two guide rods 201 at both ends respectively, and are sleeved on the straight bevel gear 210 at the bottom of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202 in the middle, and are used for fixing the bottom end of the fourth telescopic pipe 217.

[0051] The single positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202 is sleeved with four groups of telescopic pipes, which are used for preventing suspended sand particles from adhering to the screw rod thread. The upper end of the first telescopic pipe 214 is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing 205, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the upper screw rod nut 206. The upper end of the second telescopic pipe 215 is fixed to the lower surface of the screw rod nut 206, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing 207. The upper end of the third telescopic pipe 216 is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing 207, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower screw rod nut 213. The upper end of the fourth telescopic pipe 217 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower screw rod nut 213, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 209. In this way, during the rotation of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw 202, each telescopic pipe does not rotate, but only does the vertical extension and contraction movement.

[0052] The telescopic pipe includes the first telescopic pipe 214, the second telescopic pipe 215, the third telescopic pipe 216 and the fourth telescopic pipe 217.

[0053] The separator 301, as a key component connecting the upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106, comprises the upper support column 302, the lower support column 303, the bolt 304, the spring 305, the bolt hole 306, the square blocking strip 307 and the limiting hole 308. The four identical upper support columns 302 are welded at the bottom end of the four corners of the upper support frame 101, and the lower end of the upper support column 302 is provided with the runway-shaped bolt hole 306. The lower support column 303 is welded at the top end of the four corners of the lower support frame 103, and the upper support column 302 and the lower support column 303 are in concentric circle cooperation, and the two are connected through the bolt 304. The bolt 304 is welded with two square blocking strips 307 which are symmetrical and have the same size, and the square blocking strips 307 are used for limiting the bolt 304. The lower support column 303 is provided with the limiting hole 308 which has the same size as the square blocking strip 307, so that the square blocking strip 307 of the bolt can pass through. The bolt 304 is sleeved with the spring 305 at one end, which is used for the ejection and automatic separation of the bolt.

[0054] The measuring unit comprises the probe rod body 401, the annular limiting blocking block 402, the CPT probe 403 and the data acquisition cabin 404. The top end cylinder of the measuring unit is the data acquisition cabin 404, and the lower end is welded with the smaller diameter probe rod body 401. The probe rod body 401 can be arranged with multiple types of sensors. The probe rod body 401 is welded with multiple annular limiting blocking blocks 402, which prevent the probe rod body 401 from slipping during the penetration process after being clamped by the clamping hand 2037. The bottom end of the probe rod body 401 is connected with the CPT probe 403, which is used for detecting the geological conditions of the offshore wind power field area.

[0055] A method for deploying a continuous penetration type split in-situ observation device, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step one, device deck preparation: use the penetration motor to synchronously drive the two bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper and lower clamping mechanisms are reset, and then use the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move towards each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit. The lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the annular limiting blocking block, and the measuring unit is fixed.

[0057] Step two, installation of hoisting cable: pass the cable of the shipboard crane through the four lifting rings on the upper support frame, and four operators respectively insert the bolts of the four separators into the bolt holes along the limiting holes to realize the connection of the upper support frame and the lower support frame. At this time, since there is no phase difference between the square blocking strip and the limiting hole, the spring on the bolt will give the bolt a counter force in the insertion direction. Therefore, the upper support frame needs to be slowly lifted, and the bolt will be subjected to the tension of the upper support column due to the gravity of the lower support frame. Thus, the friction between the bolt and the upper support column in the transverse direction increases, and the operator releases the bolt, so that the bolt will not automatically pop out, such as Figure 10 .

[0058] Step three, device lowering and bottoming: using the shipboard crane to put the device into the sea and land on the seabed, because the pin hole is "runway type", the pin is no longer under tension, under the action of spring force, the pin falls off, the upper support frame and the lower support frame realize automatic separation, like Figure 9 .

[0059] Step four, first penetration stroke: after the device is bottomed, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward under the drive of the lower screw nut, i.e. the lower clamping mechanism resets, thereby the first stage penetration of the measuring unit is carried out.

[0060] Step five, second penetration stroke: when the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowermost end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, i.e. the upper clamping mechanism resets, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward, thereby the second stage penetration of the measuring unit is carried out.

[0061] Step six, third penetration stroke: when the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowermost end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit.

[0062] Step seven, cyclic penetration stage: steps four, five and six are repeated in turn to complete the continuous penetration of the measuring unit.

[0063] Step eight, tail end penetration stage one: when the penetration of the measuring unit reaches a certain depth, i.e. the data sampling cabin of the measuring unit moves to the lower end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit, the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod body of the measuring unit above the upper ring-shaped limiting block of the top end, and the measuring unit continues to penetrate into the seabed.

[0064] Step nine, tail end penetration stage two: when the lower clamping mechanism moves to clamp the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowermost end of the reverse thread, the data sampling cabin of the measuring unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the penetration of the measuring unit stops, and the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops. Then, the lower clamping mechanism releases the probe rod, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward under the drive of the lower screw nut.

[0065] Step ten, tail end penetration phase three: when the bottom end of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the data acquisition cabin, the lower clamping mechanism is quickly clamped, the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, the bottom of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the data acquisition cabin, the measurement unit continues to penetrate, and when the data acquisition cabin moves completely into the lower support frame, the penetration motor stops moving, thereby completing the whole process of laying the measurement unit.

[0066] Step eleven, in-situ observation phase: the ship-mounted crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and the penetration system are recycled to the deck, the lower support system and the measurement unit are left on the surface and inside of the seabed, and long-term in-situ observation is carried out. The lower support frame has simple structure and hollow in the middle, and has less influence on the data measured by the measurement unit.

[0067] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principle applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device, characterized in that: The support system comprises an upper support frame (101), a lifting ring (102), a sand prevention net (103), an anti-collision strip (104), a middle cross support (105), a lower support frame (106), a sedimentation prevention plate (107), a top cross support (108), and a bottom cross support (109). The upper support frame (101) is connected with the lower support frame (106) through a separator (301). The upper support frame (101) is provided with the lifting ring (102) at the top four corners. The sand prevention net (103) is fixed around the upper support frame (101). The top cross support (108) is arranged at the top of the upper support frame (101). The middle cross support (105) is arranged at the middle of the upper support frame (101). The bottom cross support (109) is arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame (101). The penetration system comprises a guide rod (201), a bidirectional ball screw (202), an upper clamping mechanism (203), a cross support plate (204), a top angular contact bearing (205), an upper screw nut (206), a middle angular contact bearing (207), a lower clamping mechanism (208), a fixed sheet (209), a straight bevel gear (210), a penetration motor (211), a bottom angular contact bearing (212), a lower screw nut (213), and a motor straight bevel gear (218). The upper end of the guide rod (201) is arranged at the lower surface of the top cross support (108), and the lower end is arranged at the upper surface of the bottom cross support (109). The top angular contact bearing (205) and the bottom angular contact bearing (212) are arranged at the lower surface of the top cross support (108) and the upper surface of the bottom cross support (109), respectively. Two groups of bidirectional ball screws (202) are arranged between two groups of the same top angular contact bearings (205) and bottom angular contact bearings (212) and are engaged with the bearings. The bidirectional ball screws (202) rotate counterclockwise. The upper screw nut (206) and the lower screw nut (213) move in opposite directions. The bidirectional ball screws (202) rotate clockwise. The upper screw nut (206) and the lower screw nut (213) move in the same direction. The straight bevel gear (210) is arranged between the lower end of the bidirectional ball screw (202) and the upper end of the bottom angular contact bearing (212). The straight bevel gear (210) is engaged with the motor straight bevel gear (218). The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) comprise a support plate (2023), a first circular hole (2032), a clamping motor (2033), a clamping bearing (2034), a clamping lead screw (2035), a clamping lead screw nut (2036), a clamping hand (2037), a range-increasing semi-cylinder (2038), and a second circular hole (2039). The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are used for clamping the probe rod body (401) of the measuring unit. The clamping bearing (2034) is welded to the lower surface of the support plate (2023). The clamping lead screw (2035) passes through the clamping bearing (2034) and has the clamping motor (2033) welded to the end. The clamping lead screw nut (2036) is sleeved on the clamping lead screw (2035) and is located between the two clamping bearings (2034). The lower end of the clamping lead screw nut (2036) is welded to the semicircular clamping hand (2037). The range-increasing semi-cylinder (2038) is fixed to the lower end of the clamping hand (2037) by a screw. The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are connected with the guide rods (201), the upper lead screw nut (206), and the lower lead screw nut (213) through the support plate (2023). The support plate (2023) is sleeved on the four guide rods (201) through the first circular hole. The support plates (2023) of the upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper lead screw nut (206) and the lower lead screw nut (213) through the second circular hole (2039). The support plate (2023) and the cross support plate (204) are both located between the upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) and are sleeved on the four guide rods (201) through the first circular hole. The inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing (207) is arranged at the middle position of the forward-reverse tooth bidirectional ball screw (202). The outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing (207) is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole (2039) of the cross support plate (204). The fixing piece (209) is located at the bottom of the guide rod (201) and is sleeved and welded on the guide rod (201) at both ends. The middle part is sleeved on the straight bevel gear (210) at the bottom of the forward-reverse tooth bidirectional ball screw (202).

2. A continuous driveable split-view in-situ observation device according to claim 1, wherein, The outer ring of the forward-reverse tooth bidirectional ball screw (202) is sleeved with an extension tube. The extension tube comprises a first extension tube (214), a second extension tube (215), a third extension tube (216), and a fourth extension tube (217).

3. A continuous driveable split-view in situ observation device according to claim 2, wherein, The upper end of the first extension tube (214) is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing (205), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the upper lead screw nut (206). The upper end of the second extension tube (215) is fixed to the lower surface of the upper lead screw nut (206), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing (207). The upper end of the third extension tube (216) is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing (207), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower lead screw nut (213). The upper end of the fourth extension tube (217) is fixed to the lower surface of the lower lead screw nut (213), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing piece (209).

4. A continuous driveable split-view in situ observation device according to claim 3, wherein, The separator (301) comprises an upper support column (302), a lower support column (303), a bolt (304), a spring (305), a bolt hole (306), a square blocking strip (307), and a limiting hole (308). The upper support column (302) is arranged at the bottom end of the upper support frame (101) at four corners. The lower end of the upper support column (302) is provided with the bolt hole (306). The lower support column (303) is arranged at the top end of the lower support frame (106) at four corners. The upper support column (302) and the lower support column are connected through the bolt (304). The middle part of the bolt (304) is provided with the square blocking strip (307). The lower support column (303) is provided with the limiting hole (308) with the same size as the square blocking strip (307) at one side.

5. A continuous driveable split-view in situ observation device according to claim 4, wherein, The measuring unit comprises a probe rod body (401), a ring-shaped limiting block (402), a CPT probe (403), and a data acquisition cabin (404). The top end cylinder of the measuring unit is the data acquisition cabin (404). The lower end is provided with the probe rod body (401). The probe rod body (401) is provided with a plurality of ring-shaped limiting blocks (402). The bottom end of the probe rod body (401) is connected with the CPT probe (403).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, device deck preparation: use the penetration motor to synchronously drive two bidirectional ball screws with positive and negative teeth to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper and lower clamping mechanisms are reset, then use the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move towards each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit, the lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the ring-shaped limiting block, and the measuring unit is fixed; Step two, installation of hoisting cable: pass the cable of the ship-mounted crane through the four lifting eyes on the upper support frame, insert the bolts of the four separators into the bolt holes along the limiting holes respectively; hoist the upper support frame, increase the friction force between the bolt and the upper support column in the transverse direction, loosen the bolt, and the bolt will not automatically pop out; Step three, device lowering and bottoming: use the ship-mounted crane to put the device into the seawater and land on the seabed, the bolt is no longer subjected to tension, and the bolt falls off under the elastic force of the spring, so that the upper support frame and the lower support frame are automatically separated; Step four, penetration stroke one: after the device is bottomed, the penetration motor synchronously drives two bidirectional ball screws with positive and negative teeth to rotate clockwise, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward under the driving of the lower screw nut, that is, the lower clamping mechanism is reset, thereby the first stage penetration of the measuring unit is performed; Step five, penetration stroke two: when the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowermost end of the positive thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives two bidirectional ball screws with positive and negative teeth to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, that is, the upper clamping mechanism is reset, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward, thereby the second stage penetration of the measuring unit is performed; Step six, penetration stroke three: when the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowermost end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit. Step seven, the cycle penetration stage: repeat step four, step five, step six in turn, complete the continuous penetration of the measurement unit; Step eight, the tail end penetration stage one: when the measurement unit penetrates to a certain depth, that is, the data acquisition cabin of the measurement unit moves to the lower end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the probe rod body of the measurement unit, the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the uppermost end of the probe rod body, and the measurement unit continues to penetrate into the seabed; Step nine, the tail end penetration stage two: when the lower clamping mechanism moves downward to clamp the measurement unit to the bottom end of the reverse thread, the data acquisition cabin of the measurement unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the penetration of the measurement unit stops, and the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops, then the lower clamping mechanism releases the probe rod, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward under the driving of the lower screw nut; Step ten, the tail end penetration stage three: when the bottom end of the range increasing semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the data acquisition cabin, the lower clamping mechanism clamps, the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, the bottom of the range increasing semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the data acquisition cabin, the measurement unit continues to penetrate, and when the data acquisition cabin completely moves into the lower support frame, the penetration motor stops moving, thereby completing the whole process of the measurement unit deployment; Step eleven, the in-situ observation stage: the ship-mounted crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and the penetration system are recycled to the deck, the lower support system and the measurement unit are left on the seabed surface and inside, and long-term in-situ observation is carried out.

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