Ventilation method and system for small-diameter TBM tunnel, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation method and system for a small-diameter TBM tunnel, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the steps that environment parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel are obtained; calculating ventilation quantity required by the tunnel at least based on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters; acquiring a frictional resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on a wind belt parameter experiment; the wind zone is a special-shaped wind zone and is used for transmitting external air into the tunnel; physical parameters of a wind zone are determined based on the relation between the maximum wind pressure provided by the draught fan and the resistance of the air duct; the resistance of the air duct is related to the ventilation quantity required by the tunnel, the frictional resistance coefficient of the wind zone, the physical parameters of the wind zone, the environmental parameters and the fan parameters; and determining a ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind zone and the environmental parameters. According to the method, the problem that the TBM tunnel construction efficiency is affected due to the fact that the net space of the tunnel is limited by adopting a conventional wind zone can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular to a ventilation method, system, electronic equipment and medium for a small-diameter TBM tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy, tunnel excavation has been widely used in various fields such as transportation, water conservancy, civil engineering, mining, etc. to meet the needs of traffic, drainage, power transmission and distribution, mining, etc. in various terrains and occasions. The application of TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) in tunnel engineering is increasing significantly due to its advantages of fast excavation speed, environmental protection, and high comprehensive benefits. In order to ensure the normal construction environment in the tunnel during excavation and protect the physical and mental health of workers, it is necessary to set up ventilation equipment during construction. In addition to being affected by the power of the fan, the air supply capacity of the ventilation equipment is also closely related to the size and form of the wind belt. At present, the commonly used wind belt forms for tunnel ventilation are mostly circular or rectangular. In order to meet the air supply volume requirements, this wind belt form is often larger in diameter or height. When constructing a small-diameter TBM, it affects the flow of personnel and material transportation under the tunnel, greatly reduces construction efficiency, and even hinders normal operation. For example, in a 2.5m TBM tunnel, if the wind belt diameter is designed to be 0.9m, the clearance is only 1.6m, which greatly affects the TBM transportation operation.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the use of conventional wind belts will lead to limited tunnel net space and thus affect the TBM tunnel construction efficiency, the present invention designs a new TBM tunnel ventilation method and a corresponding anisotropic wind belt. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a ventilation method, system, electronic equipment and medium for a small diameter TBM tunnel, which are used to solve the problem that the use of conventional wind belts will lead to limited tunnel net space and thus affect the TBM tunnel construction efficiency.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the environmental parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel;

[0007] Calculating the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters;

[0008] The friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt is obtained based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt, which is used to transmit external air into the tunnel;

[0009] The physical parameters of the wind belt are determined based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance; the wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters;

[0010] A ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel is determined based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

[0011] Optionally, the environmental parameters include at least the size of the TBM tunnel, ventilation length, cross-sectional area, construction materials, and total power of internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; the construction parameters include at least the maximum number of construction personnel; and the fan parameters include the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan, the fan power, and the maximum air supply that the fan can provide.

[0012] Optionally, the calculating the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameter and the environmental parameter includes:

[0013] Calculating a first ventilation volume based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel;

[0014] calculating a second ventilation volume based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel;

[0015] Calculating a third ventilation volume based on the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel;

[0016] A required ventilation volume of the tunnel is calculated based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume, and the third ventilation volume.

[0017] Optionally, the first ventilation volume is calculated based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel; the second ventilation volume is calculated based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel; the third ventilation volume is calculated based on the total power of internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; and the required ventilation volume of the tunnel is calculated based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume and the third ventilation volume, including:

[0018] Calculate the first ventilation volume based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel:

[0019] Q 1 =q×m×K

[0020] Q 1 is the first ventilation volume; q is the amount of fresh air required per person per minute in the tunnel; m is the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel; K is the air volume reserve coefficient;

[0021] The second ventilation volume is calculated based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel:

[0022] Q 2 =60×s×v

[0023] Q 2is the second ventilation volume; s is the tunnel cross-sectional area; v is the minimum allowable wind speed;

[0024] The third ventilation volume is calculated according to the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel:

[0025]

[0026] N is the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; K is the power ventilation calculation coefficient; T is the internal combustion engine utilization coefficient;

[0027] The required ventilation volume of the tunnel is calculated according to the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume and the third ventilation volume:

[0028] Q x =(1-β) L / 100 ×Q

[0029] Q=(Q 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 )

[0030] Q x is the required ventilation volume of the tunnel; β is the air leakage rate of the wind duct per 100 meters; Q is used to calculate the total air volume.

[0031] Optionally, the obtaining the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment includes:

[0032] Select an anisotropic wind belt with a wind belt length of L, a wind belt cross-sectional area of ​​S, a wind belt curvature radius of R, and a wind belt circumference of U;

[0033] The relationship between the cross-sectional area of ​​the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt, as well as the relationship between the circumference of the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt are obtained respectively;

[0034] The simulated ventilation experiment was carried out using circular wind belts and heterogeneous wind belts under the same power fan conditions, and the fan power was continuously changed. The initial wind pressure and initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the wind pressure and wind velocity of the outlet of the heterogeneous wind belt were obtained dynamically through the wind speed measuring instrument and the wind pressure measuring instrument, and the data tables were drawn and recorded respectively;

[0035] The ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the initial wind pressure of the circular wind belt and the wind pressure of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt, and the initial flow rate is calculated based on the initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the flow rate at the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the wind speed of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt;

[0036] The relationship curve between the product of the initial flow rate and the flow rate at the outlet of the anisotropic wind belt and the ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is plotted to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the anisotropic wind belt.

[0037] Optionally, the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance is:

[0038]

[0039] F is the maximum wind pressure that the fan can provide; h f is the wind tube resistance; b is the special friction resistance coefficient; L is the length of the special wind belt; r is the curvature radius of the special wind belt, which is usually slightly smaller than the tunnel radius; θ is the arc of the special wind belt, Q a The maximum initial air supply volume that the fan can provide; Q x The required ventilation volume for the tunnel.

[0040] Optionally, determining the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters includes:

[0041] The number and positions of the anisotropic wind belts installed in the tunnel are determined based on the curvature radius of the anisotropic wind belts, the length of the anisotropic wind belts, the curvature of the anisotropic wind belts and the environmental parameters of the tunnel.

[0042] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation system for a small diameter TBM tunnel, comprising:

[0043] Parameter acquisition module, used to obtain environmental parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel;

[0044] A first calculation module, configured to calculate a required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters;

[0045] A second calculation module is used to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt used to transmit external air into the tunnel;

[0046] A parameter determination module, for determining the physical parameters of the wind belt based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance; the wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters;

[0047] A scheme determination module is used to determine the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

[0048] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0049] at least one processor; and

[0050] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0051] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel described in any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0053] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the physical parameters of the anisotropic wind belt according to the specific environmental parameters, construction parameters, fan parameters and other parameters of the TMB tunnel obtained, and determines the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel according to the calculated physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters of the TMB tunnel, thereby minimizing the impact of the setting of the anisotropic wind belt on the tunnel construction.

[0054] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a structural front view of a heterogeneous wind belt provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a structural stereogram of a heterogeneous wind belt provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a system architecture diagram of a ventilation system for a small-diameter TBM tunnel provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing a ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] Figure 1 A flow chart of a ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel is provided for the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0065] S101. Obtain environmental parameters, construction parameters, and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel.

[0066] Among them, TMB tunnels are generally excavated by circular tunnel excavators. The environmental parameters of TMB tunnels generally include the size of the tunnel, ventilation length, cross-sectional area, construction materials, and the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel. Construction parameters may include the maximum number of construction personnel; fan parameters include the maximum wind pressure, fan power, and maximum air supply provided by the fan. In practice, the fan inhales fresh air from the external environment and transmits fresh air into the tunnel through the wind belt. The wind belt can be set close to the inner wall of the tunnel to minimize the impact on tunnel construction.

[0067] S102. Calculate the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters.

[0068] Since the ventilation volume required during tunnel construction may be related to the construction parameters and the environmental parameters of the tunnel, it is necessary to consider as many factors as possible to ensure the ventilation volume required in the tunnel. In this embodiment, the construction parameters and environmental parameters are considered, and the ventilation volume required in the tunnel is calculated by a preset ventilation volume formula.

[0069] S103. Obtaining the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt, which is used to transmit external air into the tunnel.

[0070] For the wind pressure in the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient a of the special-shaped wind belt can be obtained with the help of preliminary experiments, the resistance size of the ventilation process can be calculated, and the fan specifications can be designed to meet the result greater than the wind pressure.

[0071] S104. Determine the physical parameters of the wind belt based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the wind turbine and the wind tube resistance.

[0072] The wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters.

[0073] Since the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan should be greater than or equal to the resistance in the wind tube, this embodiment establishes the correlation between the wind tube resistance and the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters and the fan parameters, so as to solve the specific parameters of the wind belt. The required ventilation volume can be calculated based on the construction parameters and environmental parameters, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt can be obtained through preliminary experiments, and the environmental parameters and fan parameters are known parameters, that is, the relationship between the maximum wind pressure of the fan and the wind belt parameters can be directly solved.

[0074] S105. Determine a ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

[0075] The physical parameters of the wind belt may include the curvature, radius of curvature, length, etc. of the wind belt. Environmental parameters may include the length of the tunnel, the radius of the tunnel, the location of water seepage in the tunnel, and the space occupied during tunnel construction. According to the environmental parameters of the tunnel and the physical parameters of the wind belt, the anisotropic wind belt can be set at a reasonable location in the tunnel. For example, if the engineering track needs to enter something very high, then the anisotropic wind belts are placed on both sides of the tunnel; if the tunnel needs to enter something very wide, the anisotropic wind belts are placed at the top of the tunnel; if the ventilation requirements are high, place more anisotropic wind belts; if there is a water seepage location in the tunnel, place the anisotropic wind belts in a location that does not seep water and does not affect construction.

[0076] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the physical parameters of the anisotropic wind belt according to the specific environmental parameters, construction parameters, fan parameters and other parameters of the TMB tunnel obtained, and determines the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel according to the calculated physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters of the TMB tunnel, thereby minimizing the impact of the setting of the anisotropic wind belt on the tunnel construction.

[0077] In one embodiment, the environmental parameters include at least the size of the TBM tunnel, ventilation length, cross-sectional area, construction materials, and total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; the construction parameters include at least the maximum number of construction personnel; and the fan parameters include the maximum wind pressure, fan power, and maximum air supply volume that the fan can provide.

[0078] In one embodiment, step S102 also includes: calculating a first ventilation volume based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel; calculating a second ventilation volume based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel; calculating a third ventilation volume based on the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; and calculating the required ventilation volume for the tunnel based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume, and the third ventilation volume.

[0079] In a specific implementation, the first ventilation volume is calculated according to the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel:

[0080] Q 1 =q×m×K

[0081] Q 1 is the first ventilation volume (m 3 / min); q is the amount of fresh air required per person per minute in the cave (m 3 / min), can be calculated as 3m per person per minute 3 Calculation; m is the maximum number of construction workers working in the tunnel at the same time; K is the air volume reserve coefficient, which can generally be taken as 1.15;

[0082] Calculate the second ventilation volume based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel:

[0083] Q 2 =60×s×v

[0084] Q 2 is the second ventilation volume (m 3 / min); s is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel (㎡); v is the minimum allowable wind speed, which shall not be less than 0.15m / s during excavation; in addition to meeting the dust exhaust wind speed requirements, the minimum allowable wind speed shall also meet the heat dissipation and cooling requirements for TBM equipment. Under normal circumstances, the air volume supplied to the TBM working face by the ventilation system shall not be less than the designed air volume of the supporting fan behind the TBM, and shall be calculated based on the minimum wind speed requirements for heat dissipation of the tunnel TBM equipment.

[0085] Calculate the third ventilation volume based on the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel:

[0086]

[0087] N is the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel (kW); K is the power ventilation calculation coefficient, which is generally 2.8 to 3.0 m 3 / min·kW; T is the utilization factor of the internal combustion engine, which is generally taken as T=0.6;

[0088] Calculate the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume and the third ventilation volume:

[0089] Q x =(1-β) L / 100 ×Q

[0090] Q=(Q 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 )

[0091] Q x is the required ventilation volume of the tunnel; β is the air leakage rate per 100 meters of the wind tunnel (m 3 / min); Q calculates the total air volume.

[0092] In one embodiment, step S103 further includes: selecting a heterogeneous wind belt with a wind belt length of L, a wind belt cross-sectional area of ​​S, a wind belt curvature radius of R, and a wind belt circumference of U;

[0093] The relationship between the cross-sectional area of ​​the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt, as well as the relationship between the circumference of the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt are obtained respectively;

[0094] The simulated ventilation experiment was carried out using circular wind belts and heterogeneous wind belts under the same power fan conditions, and the fan power was continuously changed. The initial wind pressure and initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the wind pressure and wind velocity of the outlet of the heterogeneous wind belt were obtained dynamically through the wind speed measuring instrument and the wind pressure measuring instrument, and the data tables were drawn and recorded respectively;

[0095] The ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the initial wind pressure of the circular wind belt and the wind pressure of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt, and the initial flow rate is calculated based on the initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the flow rate at the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the wind speed of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt;

[0096] The relationship curve between the product of the initial flow rate and the flow rate at the outlet of the anisotropic wind belt and the ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is plotted to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the anisotropic wind belt.

[0097] It should be noted that, from the perspective of flow, the ventilation of the wind belt is flocculent flow. Under turbulent conditions, the friction resistance and local resistance are proportional to the square of the air volume. The friction resistance is calculated according to the empirical formula for calculating the resistance of the wind tube.

[0098] h f =R·Q a Q x

[0099] h f is the friction resistance Pa; R is the friction wind resistance NS 2 / m 8 ;Q a is the maximum initial air supply volume that the fan can provide (m 3 / s); Q x is the air volume outflow from the end of the duct (m 3 / s).

[0100] Calculate the frictional wind resistance according to the empirical formula of wind tube resistance;

[0101] R=a·L·U / S 3

[0102] R is the friction resistance NS 2 / m 8 ; L is the total length of the pipeline m; U is the circumference of the pipeline m; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline m 2 ; a is the friction coefficient NS 2 / m 4 For round flexible plastic ducts, the value is about 0.002~0.0032NS 2 / m 4 For special-shaped flexible plastic air ducts, the specific friction resistance coefficient b can be obtained through experiments.

[0103] Calculate the total resistance of the wind tube according to the empirical formula for calculating the resistance of the wind tube;

[0104] H f =h f +H D

[0105] h f is the friction resistance; H D It is the local resistance, which refers to the energy loss caused by the change of airflow direction or speed and the generation of eddy current when the fluid passes through the special-shaped parts (elbows, tees, etc.) or equipment in the air duct. This embodiment considers the straight special-shaped wind belt, and does not make any requirements for this. It is specifically considered through engineering practice. Therefore, the total resistance of the wind tube in this embodiment can be approximated as h f .

[0106] The specific shape of the opposite wind belt is a circular cut, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown: Figure 2 and Figure 3In the embodiment shown in the figure, a cut circular anisotropic wind belt 1 is installed on the upper part of the TBM tunnel, close to the upper edge of the inner wall of the tunnel, and the curvature of the cut circular anisotropic wind belt 1 can be close to the curvature of the tunnel; a cut circular hoop 2 is arranged along the length direction of the wind belt, and a cut circular hoop 2 is arranged at a certain interval to support the cut circular anisotropic wind belt, so that fresh air can pass into the tunnel along the anisotropic wind belt; the lower end of the hoop 3 is fixedly connected to the cut circular hoop 2, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 5, and the number of the hoop 3 is consistent with the number of the cut circular hoop 2; the fixing rod 4 is arranged through multiple hoop sets and extends all the way to the inside of the tunnel, the lower end of the fixing seat 5 is fixed to the hoop 3, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel.

[0107] Therefore, the method of obtaining the friction resistance coefficient of the air belt through the experiment includes: selecting a linear special-shaped air belt of appropriate length L to test the ventilation capacity, setting the area of ​​the special-shaped air belt to S, setting the radius of curvature to R, and calculating the circumference U of the circular flexible plastic air duct and the special-shaped flexible plastic air duct according to the geometric relationship formula; the pipe cross-sectional area S;

[0108]

[0109] θ satisfies θ is in radians;

[0110] The designed circular wind belt and the heterogeneous wind belt of this embodiment are used to carry out simulated ventilation experiments under the condition of the same power fan. The fan power is constantly changed, and the initial wind pressure and flow velocity H of the circular wind belt are obtained dynamically by the wind speed measuring instrument and the wind pressure measuring instrument. 0 、v 0 , the wind pressure at the outlet of the special-shaped wind belt H 2 and outlet wind speed v 2 , draw the data table records respectively.

[0111] Calculate the friction resistance and ventilation volume of the circular wind belt. When using duct ventilation, other resistance is generally considered to be 5% to 10%. Therefore, the ventilation resistance of the circular wind belt and the special-shaped wind belt can be calculated according to the formula;

[0112] h f2 =(H 2 -H 0 ) / (1+10%)

[0113] h f2 It is the ventilation resistance of the special-shaped wind belt;

[0114] The ventilation volume of special-shaped wind belts can be calculated based on the flow velocity;

[0115] Q 0 =S·v 0

[0116] Q2 =S·v 2

[0117] Q 0 is the initial flow rate, Q 2 The outlet flow rate of the special-shaped air belt;

[0118] Draw the special wind belt hf 2 With Q 0 Q 2 The relationship curve satisfies h f2 = b·L·U / S 3 Q 0 Q 2 The slope of the curve obtained based on the data analysis software is k = b·L·U / S 3 , that is, b = L·U / (S 3 ·k), and obtain the friction resistance coefficient b of the special-shaped wind belt.

[0119] In one embodiment, in step S104, the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance is:

[0120]

[0121] F is the maximum wind pressure that the fan can provide (Pa); h f is the wind tube resistance; b is the special-shaped friction resistance coefficient (NS 2 / m 4 ); L is the length of the special-shaped wind belt; r is the curvature radius of the special-shaped wind belt (m), which is usually slightly smaller than the tunnel radius; θ is the radian of the special-shaped wind belt (rad), Q a is the initial maximum air supply volume that the fan can provide (m3 / s); Q x is the required ventilation volume of the tunnel (m 3 / s).

[0122] In one embodiment, step S105 further includes: determining the number and positions of the anisotropic wind belts installed in the tunnel based on the curvature radius of the anisotropic wind belt, the length of the anisotropic wind belt, the curvature of the anisotropic wind belt and the environmental parameters of the tunnel.

[0123] In order to occupy as little space as possible in the tunnel, the wind belts can be designed and installed according to the actual needs of the project. For example, if the engineering track needs to enter something very high, then the opposite wind belts can be placed on both sides of the tunnel; if the tunnel needs to enter something very wide, then the opposite wind belts can be placed on the top of the tunnel; if the ventilation requirements are high, place more opposite wind belts; if there is water seepage in the tunnel, place the opposite wind belts in other locations that do not affect the construction.

[0124] Embodiment 2

[0125] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a ventilation system for a small diameter TBM tunnel provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the system includes:

[0126] Parameter acquisition module 401, used to acquire environmental parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel;

[0127] A first calculation module 402, configured to calculate the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters;

[0128] The second calculation module 403 is used to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt used to transmit external air into the tunnel;

[0129] A parameter determination module 404 is used to determine the physical parameters of the wind belt based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance; the wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters;

[0130] The scheme determination module 405 is used to determine the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

[0131] The ventilation system for a small-diameter TBM tunnel provided in an embodiment of the present invention can execute the ventilation system for a small-diameter TBM tunnel provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0132] Embodiment 4

[0133] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0134] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0135] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0136] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel.

[0137] In some embodiments, a ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform a ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0138] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0139] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0140] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0141] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0142] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0143] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0144] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0145] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel, characterized in that: include: Obtain the environmental parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel; Calculating the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters; The friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt is obtained based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt, which is used to transmit external air into the tunnel; The physical parameters of the wind belt are determined based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance; the wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters; A ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel is determined based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

2. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameters include at least the size of the TBM tunnel, ventilation length, cross-sectional area, construction materials, and total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; the construction parameters include at least the maximum number of construction personnel; the fan parameters include the maximum wind pressure, fan power, and maximum air supply volume provided by the fan.

3. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculating the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters includes: Calculating a first ventilation volume based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel; calculating a second ventilation volume based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel; Calculating a third ventilation volume based on the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; A required ventilation volume of the tunnel is calculated based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume, and the third ventilation volume.

4. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first ventilation volume is calculated based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel; the second ventilation volume is calculated based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel; and the third ventilation volume is calculated based on the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; Calculating the required ventilation volume of the tunnel based on the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume, and the third ventilation volume includes: Calculate the first ventilation volume based on the maximum number of construction workers working simultaneously in the tunnel: Q1=q×m×K Q1 is the first ventilation volume; q is the amount of fresh air required per person per minute in the tunnel; m is the maximum number of construction workers working in the tunnel at the same time; K is the air volume reserve coefficient; The second ventilation volume is calculated based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel: Q2=60×s×v Q2 is the second ventilation volume; s is the tunnel cross-sectional area; v is the minimum allowable wind speed; The third ventilation volume is calculated according to the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel: N is the total power of the internal combustion engine equipment in the tunnel; K is the power ventilation calculation coefficient; T is the internal combustion engine utilization coefficient; The required ventilation volume of the tunnel is calculated according to the first ventilation volume, the second ventilation volume and the third ventilation volume: Q x =(1-b) L / 100 ×Q Q=(Q1+Q2+Q3) Q x is the required ventilation volume of the tunnel; β is the air leakage rate of the wind duct per 100 meters; Q is used to calculate the total air volume.

5. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the friction coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment includes: Select an anisotropic wind belt with a wind belt length of L, a wind belt cross-sectional area of ​​S, a wind belt curvature radius of R, and a wind belt circumference of U; The relationship between the cross-sectional area of ​​the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt, as well as the relationship between the circumference of the wind belt and the curvature of the wind belt are obtained respectively; The simulated ventilation experiment was carried out using circular wind belts and heterogeneous wind belts under the same power fan conditions, and the fan power was continuously changed. The initial wind pressure and initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the wind pressure and wind velocity of the outlet of the heterogeneous wind belt were obtained dynamically through the wind speed measuring instrument and the wind pressure measuring instrument, and the data tables were drawn and recorded respectively; The ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the initial wind pressure of the circular wind belt and the wind pressure of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt, and the initial flow rate is calculated based on the initial flow velocity of the circular wind belt, and the flow rate at the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt is calculated based on the wind speed of the wind outlet of the anisotropic wind belt; The relationship curve between the product of the initial flow rate and the flow rate at the outlet of the anisotropic wind belt and the ventilation resistance of the anisotropic wind belt is plotted to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the anisotropic wind belt.

6. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance is: F is the maximum wind pressure that the fan can provide; h f is the wind tube resistance; b is the special friction resistance coefficient; L is the length of the special wind belt; r is the curvature radius of the special wind belt, which is usually slightly smaller than the tunnel radius; θ is the arc of the special wind belt, Q a The maximum initial air supply volume that the fan can provide; Q x The required ventilation volume for the tunnel.

7. The ventilation method for a small diameter TBM tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of determining a ventilation scheme in a TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters comprises: The number and positions of the anisotropic wind belts installed in the tunnel are determined based on the curvature radius of the anisotropic wind belts, the length of the anisotropic wind belts, the curvature of the anisotropic wind belts and the environmental parameters of the tunnel.

8. A ventilation system for a small diameter TBM tunnel, characterized in that: include: Parameter acquisition module, used to obtain environmental parameters, construction parameters and fan parameters of the TMB tunnel; A first calculation module, configured to calculate a required ventilation volume of the tunnel based at least on the construction parameters and the environmental parameters; A second calculation module is used to obtain the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt based on the wind belt parameter experiment; the wind belt is an anisotropic wind belt used to transmit external air into the tunnel; A parameter determination module, for determining the physical parameters of the wind belt based on the relationship between the maximum wind pressure provided by the fan and the wind tube resistance; the wind tube resistance is related to the required ventilation volume of the tunnel, the friction resistance coefficient of the wind belt, the physical parameters of the wind belt, the environmental parameters, and the fan parameters; A scheme determination module is used to determine the ventilation scheme in the TMB tunnel based on the physical parameters of the wind belt and the environmental parameters.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so as to enable the at least one processor to perform the ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the ventilation method for a small-diameter TBM tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed.

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