In-situ sampling device and method for periphytic algae on side slope of water conveyance canal

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a water conveyance canal side slope periphytic algae in-situ sampling device and method, and relates to the technical field of water ecology monitoring of water transfer engineering, the water conveyance canal side slope periphytic algae in-situ sampling device comprises: a collection module, which can collect periphytic algae attached to a water conveyance canal side slope and can intercept periphytic algae scattered in a water body; the scraping and brushing mechanism is arranged in the collecting module and can scrape off periphytic algae attached to the surface of the side slope of the water conveyance canal; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the collecting module, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the electric control module, and the electric control module is electrically connected with the scraping brush mechanism and the collecting module. Compared with a traditional periphytic algae sampling method, the periphytic algae sampling method has the advantages that representative matrixes in a monitored water area do not need to be collected, artificial matrixes do not need to be put, and the periphytic algae can be directly collected in a periphytic algae representative area on the side slope of the water conveyance canal in a scraping, brushing and filtering mode; the method is suitable for monitoring and managing high-density periphytic algae on the side slope of a water transfer project channel, and has a good application prospect and a wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water ecology monitoring of water diversion projects, and in particular to an in-situ sampling device and method for algae grown on the slope of a water delivery channel. Background Art

[0002] Attached algae, also known as benthic algae, are an important group of organisms in aquatic ecosystems. They are tightly attached to the bottom of the water body or the surface of various substrates, such as rocks, sunken wood, aquatic plants and other artificial structures. This type of algae is not only a basic link in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems, but also plays a key role in water purification and maintaining ecological balance. As a sensitive indicator of water environmental conditions, the community structure, growth status and distribution pattern of attached algae can directly or indirectly reflect the physical and chemical properties of the water body, nutritional status, degree of pollution and the overall health of the ecosystem. In view of the important role of attached algae in water ecological monitoring and assessment, accurate collection of attached algae samples is of vital importance for accurately understanding the ecological status of water bodies, timely discovering potential environmental problems, and formulating effective ecological protection and restoration measures.

[0003] Most of the long-distance water diversion projects across river basins are artificial water diversion channels of semi-closed systems, which are not connected to the external water system and have complex engineering facilities, including open channels, tunnels, pipes, culverts and aqueducts. Some of the channel sections have algae attached to the slope walls, which are the focus of attention of managers. However, traditional sampling methods such as the matrix method and the slide method are not suitable for the high-density collection of algae on the slopes of water diversion channels. There are problems such as limited sampling space, long time required, low efficiency, and experimental errors caused by differences in growth matrix and time. Therefore, according to the characteristics of artificial water diversion channels, it is necessary to develop targeted collection methods for algae and further improve them, including the development of algae collection devices and methods that can adapt to concrete structure channels, improve collection efficiency and accuracy, and reduce interference with the surface structure of the channel slope.

[0004] In view of this, how to provide a high-density algae collection device suitable for the slope of a water channel is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ sampling device and method for algae grown on the slope of a water conveyance channel, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a high-density algae collection device suitable for the slope of an artificial water conveyance channel of a water diversion project.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water conveyance channel, comprising:

[0007] A collection module, wherein the collection module can collect channel water samples containing algae and can intercept the algae in the collected water samples;

[0008] A scraping mechanism, which is disposed in the collection module and can scrape off the attached algae from the surface of the slope of the water conveyance channel;

[0009] A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the collection module, and the other end of which is connected to the electric control module, and the electric control module is electrically connected to the scraping mechanism and the collection module.

[0010] Furthermore, the acquisition module includes:

[0011] A shell, one end of which is open and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting rod;

[0012] A submersible pump, the submersible pump is arranged in the housing, the submersible pump has a water pumping port, a water outlet port and a rotating drive shaft, the rotating drive shaft extends to the opening of the housing and is drivingly connected to the scraping mechanism, the scraping mechanism is arranged close to the opening of the housing; the water pumping port is communicated with the opening of the housing, and the water outlet port seal passes through the housing and extends to the outside;

[0013] A collection box is arranged between the water pumping port and the opening of the shell, and the water sample containing the attached algae flows through the collection box, and the attached algae is trapped in the collection box.

[0014] Furthermore, the collection box includes:

[0015] A collection box body, the collection box body is fixedly arranged in the shell, and has a water inlet and a water outlet at its front and rear ends respectively, the water inlet corresponds to the opening of the shell, and the water outlet corresponds to the water pumping port;

[0016] a first filter screen, the first filter screen being arranged at the water inlet and used for filtering impurities in the channel water;

[0017] A second filter screen, which is arranged at the water outlet and is used to trap algae in the channel water in the collection box body;

[0018] A one-way valve is arranged behind the first filter screen, and channel water can flow through the one-way valve from the opening of the shell toward the water inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, the mesh number of the first filter is 120 meshes, and the mesh number of the second filter is 600 meshes.

[0020] Furthermore, the scraping mechanism comprises:

[0021] The Lelo triangular brush is connected to the universal shaft through a first universal joint, the universal shaft is connected to the rotating drive shaft through a second universal joint, and the Lelo triangular brush is arranged close to the opening of the shell.

[0022] Furthermore, the scraping range of the Lelo triangle brush is 100mm×100mm.

[0023] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided on the outer edge of the opening of the shell.

[0024] The present invention also discloses an in-situ sampling method for algae growing on the slope of a water conveyance channel. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water conveyance channel is used, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0025] The sampling personnel hold the connecting rod and place the opening of the shell downward against the inner wall of the slope of the water conveyance channel;

[0026] The submersible pump is started through the electronic control module, and the Lelo triangular brush scrapes the algae attached to the surface of the slope of the water transfer channel and scrapes the algae into the channel water. At the same time, the submersible pump sucks in the channel water sample containing the algae through the pumping port; when the water sample containing the algae flows through the collection box, the algae are retained in the collection box, and the filtered water is discharged into the channel through the drainage port.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] 1. Compared with the traditional sampling technology of attached algae, the present invention does not rely on the original, movable small substrate in the monitored water area, nor does it need to use artificial substrates. It collects attached algae directly by scraping and filtering on the channel slope. It is suitable for the collection of high-density attached algae on the channel slope of water diversion projects, and has good application prospects and a wide range of applications.

[0029] 2. The present invention has the effect of collecting algae in situ and in real time. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to wait for the algae in the water channel to attach to the artificial matrix, and the collection efficiency is higher. In addition, the algae collected by the present invention are algae collected in situ on the channel slope, which can avoid the problem of large sampling error caused by placing artificial matrix.

[0030] 3. The water flow rate in the channel is generally 0.7 to 1 m / s. The faster flow rate causes the attached algae to be quickly washed away by the water flow after being scraped, making it impossible to achieve in-situ quantitative collection. The present invention provides a sealing pad at the collection port to prevent the attached algae from being washed away by the water flow.

[0031] 4. The present invention overcomes the problem of artificial matrix differences. Although the traditional artificial matrix can use a test plate made of the same material as the channel slope concrete, the test plate and the channel slope are not cast at the same time, which inevitably causes errors in the monitoring results of the algae. The present invention can directly realize the in-situ rapid collection of algae, solving the problem of matrix differences.

[0032] 5. The present invention solves the problem that traditional sampling requires carrying a large number of tools. Traditional sampling requires carrying a large number of sampling and processing tools, such as scrapers, films, sampling bags, hard brushes, etc., which increases the difficulty and complexity of sampling work. The in-situ sampling device of the present invention has a compact structure, and a set of devices covers all the above tools, which is easy to carry.

[0033] 6. The in-situ sampling device of the present invention is compact and lightweight and can be operated by one person with one hand, while traditional sampling equipment often requires multiple people to operate in coordination, thus saving the labor cost of sampling dense algae in water channels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is the control diagram of the electronic control module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the acquisition module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the Lelo triangle brush of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 The motion principle diagram of the Lelo triangle brush of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the acquisition box of the present invention

[0042] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the electric control module of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 Display information on the display screen of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a diagram of the sampling steps of the present invention.

[0045] Among them, 1. electronic control module; 2. connecting handle; 3. connecting rod; 4. collection module; 5. sealing gasket; 6. Lelo triangle brush; 7. universal shaft; 8. rotating drive shaft; 9. collection box; 10. submersible pump; 11. shell; 12. first filter; 13. one-way valve; 14. collection box body; 15. second filter; 16. operation button; 17. display screen; 18. trigger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention discloses an in-situ sampling device for algae grown on the slope of a water conveyance channel, comprising: a collection module 4, which can collect water samples containing algae and can intercept the algae in the sampled water samples; a scraping mechanism, which is arranged in the collection module 4 and can scrape the algae off the surface of the channel slope; a connecting rod 3, one end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the collection module 4, and the other end is connected to the electric control module 1, and the electric control module 1 is electrically connected to the scraping mechanism and the collection module 4.

[0049] The electric control module 1 includes a power module, a positioning module, a time module and a Bluetooth communication module, etc. The power module is used to supply power to each power module in the device, and its supply voltage is 12V. The positioning module adopts the Beidou positioning system to locate the sampling location. The electric control module 1 has a display screen 17. The positioning module displays the information of the sampling location with longitude and latitude numbers. The time module is used to monitor and record the sampling time, which can also be displayed on the display screen 17. The Bluetooth communication module is used to communicate with an external printing device to print labels with various information data during sampling, which is convenient for labeling and detection after sampling. The electric control module 1 is integrated into one, and it is connected to the connecting rod 3 through the connecting handle 2. The connecting rod 3 is hollow inside and can be used to set wiring, etc.

[0050] The collection module 4 includes: a shell 11, one end of the shell 11 is open, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 3; a submersible pump 10, the submersible pump 10 is arranged in the shell 11, the submersible pump 10 has a water pumping port, a water outlet port and a rotating drive shaft 8. In this embodiment, the submersible pump 10 is a 4m head high suction submersible pump, the rotating drive shaft 8 is connected to the built-in power output shaft of the submersible pump 10 by transmission, and the rotating drive shaft 8 is driven by the power output shaft to rotate, and the rotating drive shaft 8 extends to the opening of the shell 11 and is connected to the scraping mechanism by transmission, and the scraping mechanism is close to the shell 11. The opening setting has a compact structure and a reasonable layout, and can achieve the effect of synchronously scraping the attached algae and sucking the water sample. The electronic control module 1 is provided with an operation button 16 and a trigger 18. The time and other information can be set by the operation button 16, and the start and stop of the submersible pump 10 can be controlled by the trigger 18; the pumping port is connected to the opening of the shell 11, and the water outlet port seal passes through the shell 11 and extends to the outside; the collection box 9 is set between the pumping port and the opening of the shell 11, and the water sample containing the attached algae flows through the collection box 9, and the attached algae is trapped in the collection box 9.

[0051] The collection box includes: a collection box body 14, which is fixedly arranged in the shell 11, and has a water inlet and a water outlet at its front and rear ends respectively, the water inlet corresponds to the opening of the shell 11, and the water outlet corresponds to the pumping port. In this embodiment, the collection box body 14 is connected to the shell 11 using a quick-release structure. Specifically, the collection box body 14 is provided with a U-shaped mounting groove corresponding to the rotating drive shaft 8. When the collection box body 14 is installed, the mounting groove spans the left and right sides of the rotating drive shaft 8, and there is a gap between the rotating drive shaft 8 and the mounting groove. , which is located roughly in the middle of the collection box 9; the first filter screen 12, which is arranged at the water inlet, is used to filter impurities in the channel water, such as fine gravel, concrete detached blocks, etc.; the second filter screen 15, which is arranged at the water outlet, is used to intercept the algae of the channel slope algae collection sample in the collection box body 14; the one-way valve 13, which is arranged behind the first filter screen 12, and the algae collection water sample can flow through the one-way valve 13 from the opening of the shell 11 to the water inlet. The one-way valve 13 can be a one-way liquid flow valve, or a flap structure that can only be flipped upward. When the submersible pump 10 is started, the channel water flushes the flap and flows toward the pumping port. When the submersible pump 10 is turned off, the flap is sealed and closed, and the water pressure above the flap is automatically limited. The mesh number of the first filter screen 12 is 120 mesh, and the mesh number of the second filter screen 15 is 600 mesh.

[0052] The scraping mechanism includes: a Lelo triangular brush 6, which is connected to a universal shaft 7 through a first universal joint, and the universal shaft 7 is connected to a rotating drive shaft 8 through a second universal joint. The Lelo triangular brush 6 is arranged near the opening of the shell 11. The Lelo triangular brush 6 adopts a hard algae brush, and the main structure of the Lelo triangular brush 6 is a Lelo triangular frame, the interior of the frame is hollow, which is convenient for the algae to pass through the frame after being scraped. The Lelo triangular brush 6 is driven by a submersible pump 10, and the submersible pump 10 drives the rotating drive shaft 8 to rotate. The center position (i.e., the connection point) of the Lelo triangular brush 6 rotates synchronously, and the three corners of the outer edge generate a quadrilateral scraping motion to scrape the algae off the surface of the slope of the water channel. It should be noted that the Lelo triangular brush 6 is not coaxial with the rotating drive shaft 8, but transmits the rotating torque through the universal shaft 7 and two universal joints, and the universal shaft 7 plays the role of non-concentric torque transmission.

[0053] In this embodiment, the scraping range of the Lelo triangular brush 6 is 100 mm×100 mm. Accordingly, the opening area of ​​the housing 11 should be slightly larger than the outer edge of the scraping area. A sealing gasket 5 is provided at the outer edge of the opening of the housing 11. The function of the sealing gasket 5 is to prevent the algae from drifting outside the collection module 4 after being scraped by the Lelo triangular brush 6, causing the problem of missing collected samples.

[0054] The present invention also discloses an in-situ sampling method for algae growing on the slope of a water conveyance channel, which is applied to an in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water conveyance channel, and comprises the following steps:

[0055] First, make sure that all components are installed in place, then turn on the power module of the sampling device. The display screen 17 can display the user interface. Check whether the power module has sufficient power through the user interface. If it is found that the power is insufficient, charge or replace the battery in time. After confirming the status of the battery and each component, log in the sampling personnel user name and password according to the interface prompts. At this time, the device releases the locking function.

[0056] After unlocking, the sampling device can be set to a time by operating the button 16. The time is displayed in 24h format and the date is displayed in year, month and day. After the time is set, the built-in positioning module of the device will automatically locate according to the location, and update the longitude and latitude coordinates in real time according to the movement, and display them on the display screen 17.

[0057] After determining the sampling point, the sampling personnel hold the connecting rod 3 with the opening of the shell 11 facing downward. There is a ruler on the outer surface of the connecting rod 3 with a scale range of 0.5-1m. The sampling depth is confirmed according to the ruler. After the sampling depth is confirmed, the sealing pad 5 is fitted to the bottom of the slope.

[0058] The submersible pump 10 is started by the trigger 18 on the electronic control module 1, and the Lelo triangular brush 6 scrapes the algae attached to the surface of the slope of the water delivery channel and scrapes the algae into the channel. At the same time, the submersible pump 10 sucks the water sample containing the algae through the pumping port (it should be noted that during the pumping process, the external water sample is filled into the cavity where the Lelo triangular brush 6 is located between the sealing gasket 5 and the surface of the channel slope, and the position is not vacuumed. The role of the sealing gasket 5 is only to prevent the algae from flowing out of the shell 11 after being scraped off. The position where the external water sample enters the Lelo triangular brush 6 is to replenish water inward, and the algae sample will not flow out of the shell 11; when the water sample containing the algae flows through the collection box 9, impurities such as stones are blocked by the first filter 12 outside the collection box body 14, and the algae are trapped in the collection box 9 by the second filter 15, and the filtered water sample is discharged into the channel through the drainage port.

[0059] After the sampling is completed, the sampling personnel releases the trigger 18 and the device stops working. The sampling device is taken out from the water channel. The collection box body 14 and the shell 11 adopt a quick-release structure. The collection box body 14 is removed from the shell 11, and the universal label printer is connected through the Bluetooth communication module to print the label. After confirmation, the sampling box can be directly labeled.

[0060] Compared with the traditional technology, the biggest difference between the present invention and the traditional technology is that the traditional medium method mainly involves collecting stones or water plants on site and bringing them back to the laboratory to scrape the algae on the surface, or using artificial media as a matrix to suspend in water for 14 days and then bring them back to the laboratory to manually scrape the algae growing on the surface. The traditional method is completed through two steps of on-site collection and laboratory processing, with a transportation link in the middle, and the sampling is limited by the presence or absence of stones, water plants and their spatial distribution. The present invention scrapes in situ and uses a square cylinder to quantitatively collect within the range of 100mm×100mm, completing the entire collection process on site, avoiding the losses and errors that may be caused during transportation, and is not limited by the 14-day growth time required for artificial media, avoiding experimental errors caused by different growth times and different materials of the placed matrix.

[0061] The present invention integrates traditional field collection and laboratory processing steps, so that sampling and processing can be completed entirely on site. The present invention has a high degree of integration, while traditional sampling methods require sickles, tweezers, sampling bags, blades or hard brushes, beakers, measuring cylinders, etc., which are time-consuming and laborious to operate. Compared with traditional sampling methods, there is no need to carry a variety of tools, which improves the convenience of field sampling operations. The time required for sampling using the present invention does not exceed 5 minutes, the sampling time is greatly shortened, the sampling efficiency is significantly improved, and it is easy to carry, which reduces the difficulty of field operations and significantly reduces sampling errors. Secondly, since the present invention integrates a positioning module, the sampling annotation is also more accurate, and more effective research can be conducted on the growth environment of the algae. In addition, the in-situ sampling device has a high degree of integration and automation, and the sampling operation can be completed by a single person, which fully meets the needs of high-density sampling and monitoring of the slopes of water transfer channels.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel, characterized in that: include: A collection module (4), wherein the collection module (4) is capable of collecting algae attached to the slope of the water conveyance channel and is capable of intercepting algae scattered in the water body; A scraping mechanism, the scraping mechanism being arranged in the collection module (4), and the scraping mechanism being capable of scraping off the attached algae from the surface of the slope of the water conveyance channel; A connecting rod (3), one end of the connecting rod (3) is connected to the collection module (4), and the other end is connected to the electric control module (1); the electric control module (1) is electrically connected to the scraping mechanism and the collection module (4).

2. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition module (4) comprises: A shell (11), wherein one end of the shell (11) is open and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (3); A submersible pump (10), the submersible pump (10) being arranged in the housing (11), the submersible pump (10) comprising a water pumping port, a water outlet port and a rotating drive shaft (8), the rotating drive shaft (8) extending toward the opening of the housing (11) and being transmission-connected to the scraping mechanism, the scraping mechanism being arranged close to the opening of the housing (11); the water pumping port being in communication with the opening of the housing (11), the water outlet port being sealably penetrating the housing (11) and extending to the outside; A collection box (9) is arranged between the water pumping port and the opening of the shell (11); a water sample containing algae grows on it flows through the collection box (9), and the algae grow on it is retained in the collection box (9).

3. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collection box (9) comprises: A collection box body (14), the collection box body (14) is fixedly arranged in the shell (11), and has a water inlet and a water outlet at its front and rear ends respectively, the water inlet corresponds to the opening of the shell (11), and the water outlet corresponds to the water pumping port; A first filter screen (12), the first filter screen (12) being arranged at the water inlet and used for filtering impurities in the collected water; A second filter screen (15), the second filter screen (15) being arranged at the water outlet and used for intercepting algae grown in the collected water sample within the collection box body (14); A one-way valve (13), wherein the one-way valve (13) is arranged behind the first filter screen (12), and the collected water sample can flow through the one-way valve (13) from the opening of the housing (11) toward the water inlet.

4. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mesh number of the first filter screen (12) is 120 meshes, and the mesh number of the second filter screen (15) is 600 meshes.

5. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism comprises: A Lelo triangular brush (6), wherein the Lelo triangular brush (6) is connected to a universal shaft (7) via a first universal joint, and the universal shaft (7) is connected to a rotating drive shaft (8) via a second universal joint. The Lelo triangular brush (6) is arranged close to an opening of the housing (11).

6. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraping range of the Lelo triangle brush (6) is 100mm×100mm.

7. The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (5) is provided at the outer edge of the opening of the housing (11).

8. A method for in-situ sampling of algae growing on the slope of a water channel, characterized in that: The in-situ sampling device for algae growing on the slope of a water channel according to claim 5 comprises the following steps: The sampling personnel hold the connecting rod (3) and place the opening of the housing (11) downwards against the slope wall; The submersible pump (10) is started through the electric control module (1), and the Lelo triangular brush (6) scrapes the algae attached to the surface of the slope of the water conveyance channel, and the algae are scraped into the water. At the same time, the submersible pump (10) sucks the water sample containing the algae through the water pumping port; when the water sample containing the algae flows through the collection box (9), the algae are trapped in the collection box (9), and the filtered water is discharged into the channel through the drainage port.

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