Device and method for collecting and measuring volume of gas produced by battery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of battery testing, and particularly relates to a battery produced gas volume collecting and measuring device and a collecting and measuring method, and the device comprises a clamping part, a punching part, a collecting part and a three-way pipeline; the clamping part is used for fixing a battery; the three-way pipeline is communicated with the battery, the punching part and the collecting part; and gas generated by punching the battery through the punching part is introduced into the collecting part through the three-way pipeline. According to the device for collecting the gas generated by the battery, the communicating pipeline formed by the three-way pipeline is used for collecting the gas, the silicon rubber case is used for sealing protection, leakage detection operation is carried out before the gas is collected so that gas leakage can be avoided, the collected gas enters the gas bag after being discharged out of the battery, and the gas is pumped out through the piston pipe with scales; therefore, the gas volume measurement is carried out, and the accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of battery testing, and in particular relates to a battery gas production volume collection and measurement device and a collection and measurement method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the new energy industry is developing continuously, and the market share of new energy vehicles is increasing. By 2023, the market share of new energy vehicles will reach 31.6%, an increase of about 5.9 percentage points over the same period in 2022. As the power source of new energy vehicles, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is also increasing to meet the growing demand. At present, the research on lithium-ion batteries is still developing further, and the electrochemical performance and safety performance of lithium-ion batteries still need to be further improved.

[0003] The structure of lithium-ion batteries is mainly composed of four parts: positive and negative electrodes, separators and electrolytes. During the pre-formation, formation, aging and use stages of the battery, the battery will produce gas due to changes in battery potential, positive and negative electrode film formation, side reactions, etc., and the volume and composition of the gas are different.

[0004] The source of gas is generally the positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte, and each gas represents a different chemical reaction. Therefore, it is very important to test the volume and composition of the gas generated during the entire life cycle of the battery, which plays a very important role in the design and improvement of the battery system. At the same time, the research and analysis of failed batteries can also be judged by analyzing the composition of the gas.

[0005] At present, there is no standardized method for collecting gas produced by square / cylindrical batteries. At present, square batteries mainly use piston tubes to collect gas. The needle of the piston tube is inserted into the relatively thin explosion-proof valve, and the gas is extracted and then sent for inspection. Since the outer shell of cylindrical batteries is made entirely of hard materials, it is impossible to collect gas through piston tubes and needles. However, the current gas collection method has the following shortcomings: the first is accuracy. After the needle is directly inserted into the explosion-proof valve, there is a gap between the needle and the explosion-proof valve, which will cause some air to enter, affecting the test results, and the gas volume cannot be measured; the second is that different types of batteries need to use corresponding special test equipment, which is cumbersome to operate; the third is that these special test equipment need to be customized and are expensive. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for collecting and measuring the gas production volume of a battery and a method for collecting and measuring the gas production volume of the battery.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A battery gas collection device comprises a clamping component, a punching component, a collecting component and a three-way pipeline; the clamping component is used to fix the battery; the three-way pipeline connects the battery, the punching component and the collecting component; the gas generated by the battery through the holes punched by the punching component enters the collecting component through the three-way pipeline.

[0009] The clamping component includes a quick clamp and a top block; the battery is arranged between the top block and the quick clamp; preferably, the quick clamp is fixed to the slide rail by positioning bolts; preferably, the number of the positioning bolts is 4.

[0010] The three-way pipeline comprises an end shell and a connecting end; a through hole for the punching component to pass through is arranged in the connecting end, and the end shell is a hollow shell.

[0011] A hole groove is arranged in the top block; a silicone sleeve and a connecting end of a three-way pipe are arranged in the hole groove, and the silicone sleeve is T-shaped.

[0012] The punching component is a drill bit; the punching component passes through the silicone sleeve and the three-way pipeline to contact the battery for punching; the surface of the drill bit has a spiral groove as a gas outflow channel; the drill bit is connected to the electric drill.

[0013] The collecting component comprises a hose connected to the end shell of the three-way pipeline and an air bag connected to the hose.

[0014] The battery is a square battery or a round battery.

[0015] The present invention also includes a battery gas production volume measuring device, including the battery gas production volume measuring device and a piston tube connected to the collecting component; the piston tube is provided with a scale.

[0016] The present invention also includes a method for collecting and measuring the battery gas production volume, using the battery gas production volume measuring device.

[0017] The specific steps include:

[0018] 1) Battery clamping: After determining the battery punching position, clamp the battery between the top block and the quick clamp. After clamping, touch the battery lightly to ensure that the battery does not shake significantly.

[0019] 2) Leakage test: After the battery is clamped, use the piston tube to exhaust the air in the pipeline until the piston rod in the piston tube rebounds after being pulled out, and rebounds to the position where the piston tube scale is 0. At this time, the air bag is deflated, indicating that there is no air in the device and the airtightness is good without leakage;

[0020] 3) Drilling: Slowly push the drill bit into the battery housing. The air bag bulges, indicating that gas has entered the air bag. Then remove the drill bit and wait for the gas to flow into the air bag to complete the gas collection.

[0021] 4) Gas measurement: Pull out the piston rod until it cannot be pulled out and rebounds. At this time, the air bag is deflated and all the gas enters the piston tube. Read the scale to complete the gas volume measurement; push the piston rod in again. At this time, the gas enters the air bag. Remove the air bag and complete the gas collection again.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The battery gas collection device of the present application adopts a connecting pipeline formed by a three-way pipeline to collect gas and adopts a silicone sleeve for sealing protection. A leak test operation is performed before gas collection to avoid leakage. The collected gas enters the air bag after being discharged from the battery, and the gas is extracted by a piston tube with a scale until the internal space of the device reaches a negative pressure state, so as to measure the gas volume with high accuracy; at the same time, the present application adopts a drill bit to punch holes in the hard shell, which is convenient; the battery clamping component is installed on the slide rail, and the distance can be adjusted forward and backward to realize gas collection of steel shell / aluminum shell batteries of different models, and the operation is simple; finally, the device of the present application is composed of a simple structure, simple to manufacture and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1-2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery gas production volume measuring device;

[0025] Figure 3-4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery-generated gas collection device;

[0026] Figure 5-8 This is a gas composition distribution diagram obtained by the collection method of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the best embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1-4 A battery gas collection device is shown, comprising a clamping component, a punching component, a collecting component and a three-way pipe 1; the clamping component is used to fix the battery; the three-way pipe connects the battery, the punching component and the collecting component; the gas generated by the battery through the holes punched by the punching component enters the collecting component through the three-way pipe 4.

[0029] The clamping component includes a quick clamp 6 and a top block 1; the battery is arranged between the top block 1 and the quick clamp 6; as one of the ways, the quick clamp 6 is a push-pull quick clamp commonly used in the prior art, and the quick clamp is fixed to the slide rail 5 by positioning bolts 7; there are 4 positioning bolts.

[0030] The three-way pipeline includes an end shell 41 and a connecting end 42; the connecting end 42 is provided with a through hole for the perforated component to pass through ( Figure 3 As shown), the end shell is a hollow shell.

[0031] The top block is provided with a hole groove; the hole groove is provided with a silicone sleeve 2 and a connecting end 42 of a three-way pipe, and the silicone sleeve is T-shaped ( Figure 4 As shown), one side of the top block is an open end for inserting the silicone sleeve and the three-way pipe, and the other side is a closed end, on which an opening for accommodating the short end of the silicone sleeve is provided.

[0032] The punching component is a drill bit; the punching component passes through the silicone sleeve and the three-way pipe to contact the battery for punching; the surface of the drill bit has a spiral groove as a gas outflow channel; the drill bit is connected to an electric drill, and the φ2mm drill bit is used for drilling, and the electric drill provides power for the drill bit.

[0033] The collecting component includes a hose 8 connected to the end shell 41 of the three-way pipeline and an air bag 10 connected to the hose 8.

[0034] The battery is a square battery or a round battery.

[0035] The present invention also includes a battery gas production volume measuring device, including the battery gas production volume measuring device and a piston tube 9 connected to the collecting component; the piston tube is provided with a scale.

[0036] As one of the implementation forms, the top block (top steel block) is fixed to one end of the aluminum alloy slide rail 5, with a hole groove in the center, and a silicone sleeve 2 and a three-way pipe 4 are nested inside; the silicone sleeve is T-shaped, with a φ1.8mm through hole in the center; the quick clamp 6 is placed on the other end of the slide rail 5 through 4 positioning screws, and can be fixed at any position on the slide rail by loosening and tightening the positioning screws. The quick clamp is a finished product, and pushing the handle can move the rod forward to cooperate with the top block to fix the battery.

[0037] The three-way pipe is made of brass, and there is a φ3mm through hole in the center of the connecting end 42. The left end is in close contact with the silicone sleeve 2, and the right end is in contact with the battery. A φ2mm small hole is opened on the end shell as a side hole of the three-way pipe to connect with the hose 8;

[0038] The battery is a square battery or a round battery.

[0039] A battery gas production volume measuring device comprises the battery gas production volume measuring device and a piston tube 9 connected to the collecting component; the piston tube is provided with a scale.

[0040] A method for collecting and measuring the gas production volume of a battery, using the battery gas production volume measuring device, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0041] 1) Battery clamping: After determining the battery punching position, clamp the battery between the top block and the quick clamp. After clamping, touch the battery lightly to ensure that the battery does not shake significantly.

[0042] 2) Leakage test: After the battery is clamped, use the piston tube to exhaust the air in the pipeline until the piston rod in the piston tube rebounds after being pulled out, and rebounds to the position where the piston tube scale is 0. At this time, the air bag is deflated, indicating that there is no air in the device and the airtightness is good without leakage;

[0043] 3) Drilling: Slowly push the drill bit into the battery housing. The gas flows out along the spiral groove of the drill bit to the end shell of the three-way pipe, and flows to the air bag through the side hole of the three-way pipe. At this time, the air bag bulges, indicating that gas has entered the air bag. Then remove the drill bit. Due to the effect of the silicone sleeve, the gas will not flow out from one side of the drill bit. Wait for 3 minutes, and the gas will flow into the air bag to complete the gas collection;

[0044] 4) Gas measurement: Pull out the piston rod until it cannot be pulled out and rebounds. At this time, the air bag is deflated and all the gas enters the piston tube. Read the scale to complete the gas volume measurement; push the piston rod in again. At this time, the gas enters the air bag. Remove the air bag and complete the gas collection again.

[0045] Example 1: The patented method is used to collect gas produced by a square battery. The battery is a square battery produced by Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd. The volume of the gas and the test of its composition after collection are measured by the patented device and the standard process method. The results are as follows: Figure 5 The gas volume of the battery is 15mL. The composition analysis shows that the main components of the gas produced by the square battery are H2, O2, CO, CH4, CO2, C2H6, etc., indicating that the patented gas collection method can realize the gas volume measurement and gas collection of square batteries.

[0046] Example 2: The patented method is used to collect gas produced by cylindrical batteries. The batteries are cylindrical batteries produced by Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd. The volume of the gas and the composition test after collection are carried out by using the patented device and standard process method. The results are as follows: Figure 6The gas volume of the battery is 54mL. The composition analysis shows that the main components of the gas produced by the round battery are H2, O2, CO, CH4, CO2, C2H4, C2H6, etc., indicating that the patented gas collection method can realize the gas volume measurement and gas collection of round batteries.

[0047] Example 3: The patented method is used to collect gas produced by cylindrical sodium ion batteries. The battery is a cylindrical sodium ion battery produced by Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd. The volume of the gas is measured by the patented device and the standard process method. The results are as follows: Figure 7 The gas volume produced by the battery after 1417 cycles is 17.9 mL, and the gas volume produced by the battery after 3298 cycles is 32.5 mL. The gas production will increase with the increase in the number of cycles. This shows that the patented gas production collection method can realize the gas volume measurement of round batteries. At the same time, the volume measurement results of batteries under different working conditions are in line with expectations and have high accuracy, which is helpful to help engineers conduct research and development test analysis.

[0048] Example 4: The gas produced by a square lithium-ion battery is collected by using the patented method and the traditional needle tube collection method. The battery is a square lithium-ion battery produced by Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd. The results are as follows: Figure 8 The N2 content in the gas collected by this patented method is lower than that by the traditional needle tube method (the gas collected by this patented method needs to be transferred, and a small amount of air will be mixed in during the transfer process), indicating that this patented method has better sealing during the collection process, and from the results it has higher accuracy, which is conducive to eliminating interference caused by leakage.

[0049] To sum up, the battery gas collection device of the present application adopts a connecting pipeline formed by a three-way pipeline to collect gas and adopts a silicone sleeve for sealing protection. A leak test operation is performed before gas collection to avoid leakage. The collected gas enters the air bag after being discharged from the battery, and the gas is extracted by a piston tube with a scale until the internal space of the device reaches a negative pressure state, so as to measure the gas volume with high accuracy; at the same time, the present application adopts a drill bit to punch holes in the hard shell, and the battery clamping component is installed on the slide rail, and the distance can be adjusted forward and backward to realize gas collection of steel shell / aluminum shell batteries of different models, and the operation is simple; finally, the device of the present application is composed of a simple structure, simple to manufacture, and low cost.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery gas collection device, characterized in that: It comprises a clamping component, a punching component, a collecting component and a three-way pipeline; the clamping component is used to fix the battery; the three-way pipeline connects the battery, the punching component and the collecting component; the gas generated by the battery through the holes punched by the punching component enters the collecting component through the three-way pipeline.

2. The battery gas collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping component includes a quick clamp and a top block; the battery is arranged between the top block and the quick clamp; preferably, the quick clamp is fixed to the slide rail by positioning bolts; preferably, the number of the positioning bolts is 4.

3. The battery gas collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way pipeline comprises an end shell and a connecting end; a through hole for the punching component to pass through is arranged in the connecting end; and the end shell is a hollow shell.

4. The battery gas collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hole groove is arranged in the top block; a silicone sleeve and a connecting end of a three-way pipe are arranged in the hole groove, and the silicone sleeve is T-shaped.

5. The battery gas collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The punching component is a drill bit; the punching component passes through the silicone sleeve and the three-way pipeline to contact the battery for punching; the surface of the drill bit has a spiral groove as a gas outflow channel; the drill bit is connected to the electric drill.

6. The battery gas collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting component comprises a hose connected to the end shell of the three-way pipeline and an air bag connected to the hose.

7. The battery gas collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is a square battery or a round battery.

8. A battery gas production volume measuring device, characterized in that: It comprises the battery gas production volume measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 and a piston tube connected to the collecting component; the piston tube is provided with a scale.

9. A method for collecting and measuring the gas production volume of a battery, characterized in that: Use the battery gas generation volume measuring device as claimed in claim 8.

10. The method for collecting and measuring battery gas generation volume according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: 1) Battery clamping: After determining the battery punching position, clamp the battery between the top block and the quick clamp. After clamping, touch the battery lightly to ensure that the battery does not shake significantly. 2) Leakage test: After the battery is clamped, use the piston tube to exhaust the air in the pipeline until the piston rod in the piston tube rebounds after being pulled out, and rebounds to the position where the piston tube scale is 0. At this time, the air bag is deflated, indicating that there is no air in the device and the airtightness is good without leakage; 3) Drilling: Slowly push the drill bit into the battery housing. The air bag bulges, indicating that gas has entered the air bag. Then remove the drill bit and wait for the gas to flow into the air bag to complete the gas collection. 4) Gas measurement: Pull out the piston rod until it cannot be pulled out and rebounds. At this time, the air bag is deflated and all the gas enters the piston tube. Read the scale to complete the gas volume measurement; push the piston rod in again. At this time, the gas enters the air bag. Remove the air bag and complete the gas collection again.

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