Separation system for particles and activated particles in gaps between cloud and mist

Abstract

The invention discloses a cloud and mist gap particulate matter and activated particle separation system which comprises a first virtual cutter, a second vacuum pump and a first vacuum pump, the first virtual cutter comprises a first containing cavity, a first air inlet, a second containing cavity and a first steering part, and the first air inlet communicates with the first containing cavity; the first steering part is located between the first air inlet and the first containing cavity, the second vacuum pump is used for generating first airflow and communicates with the first containing cavity, the first airflow is used for enabling first target gas to enter the first containing cavity through the first air inlet, and the first target gas comprises first particles and second particles; the size of the first particulate matter is larger than that of the second particulate matter. The first virtual cutter generates a countercurrent air flow at an inlet, so that large particles (such as cloud drops or ice crystals) are separated from small particles, and the problems of particle breaking and rebounding possibly occurring in a traditional impactor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of particle separation, and in particular relates to a system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles. Background Art

[0002] Aerosols act as condensation nuclei to form cloud droplets under supersaturated water vapor conditions. Aerosols interact with cloud droplets due to their complex chemical composition distribution and particle size spectrum, and have a profound impact on global radiative forcing and multiphase circulation of pollutants. The understanding of these processes is limited by observation methods and technical solutions with uncertainties. Due to differences in the microphysical and chemical properties of aerosols, a part of the aerosols can form cloud droplets, which are defined as activated particles; while the remaining aerosols that cannot form cloud droplets are defined as interstitial particles, which are the most uncertain part of aerosols in the cloud process. In the relevant prior art, aerosols act as condensation nuclei under supersaturated water vapor conditions and promote the formation of cloud droplets. Aerosols interact with cloud droplets due to their complex chemical composition distribution and particle size spectrum, which in turn has a significant impact on global radiative forcing and multiphase circulation of pollutants.

[0003] Coarse modes (2μm) and most accumulation modes (0.05μm-2μm) will be swept by cloud droplets, while interstitial particles that cannot enter cloud droplets are mostly distributed in fine modes with a particle size range of tens to hundreds of nanometers. However, the current collection method for interstitial particles is always rough. CN113607612 measures cloud droplets through a total particle impact cutting head, and measures unactivated interstitial particles through a PM2.5 impact cutting head. This segmentation method can neither meet the particle size segmentation degree, but also face the problem of droplet breakage and small droplets mixing into the air inlet. The biggest problem of the impact cutter is the breakage and rebound of particles, which is particularly serious in cloud and fog processes and high humidity weather.

[0004] Currently, there is no accurate method for separating interstitial aerosols from cloud droplets (unactivated particles before activation). Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the related technology. The present invention provides a separation system for cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for separating particulate matter in cloud gaps from activated particles, which includes a virtual cutter 1, a vacuum pump 2 and a vacuum pump 1. The virtual cutter 1 includes a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber and a first turning portion. The first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, and the first turning portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber. The vacuum pump 2 is used to generate a first airflow, and the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the first accommodating chamber. The first airflow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet. The first target gas includes first particles and second particles, and the size of the first particles is larger than the size of the second particles. The vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, and the vacuum pump 1 is connected to the first turning portion through the second accommodating chamber. The second airflow can suck the second particles entering the first accommodating chamber from the first turning portion into the second accommodating chamber, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles entering the first accommodating chamber into the second accommodating chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the second particulate matter includes activated particles and gap particles, the virtual cutter one further includes a first air outlet, the vacuum pump two is connected to the second containing chamber through the first air outlet, the first air flow device is used to suck out the second particulate matter in the second containing chamber, and the second particulate matter enters the target device through the first air outlet; an aerosol growth tube is arranged between the first air outlet and the target device, the aerosol growth tube is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter into target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the gap particles; the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity adjustment device, the temperature controller is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target temperature, and the humidity adjustment device is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target humidity.

[0008] Furthermore, the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity regulating device, the humidity regulating device includes a third containing chamber, the third containing chamber is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second containing chamber, the third containing chamber has a saturated water retaining layer inside, the saturated water retaining layer is used to maintain the humidity inside the third containing chamber; the temperature controller includes an electric heating plate, which is located outside the third containing chamber, and the electric heating plate is used to control the temperature inside the third containing chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the aerosol growth tube further includes a fourth containing chamber and an overflow tank, the fourth containing chamber is located between the third containing chamber and the second containing chamber, the fourth containing chamber is used to contain the second particulate matter after passing through the second containing chamber; the saturated water retention layer has a water inlet and a water outlet, the overflow tank is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber, and a circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer, the circulating water pump is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank through the water inlet of the saturated water retention layer and send it into the saturated water retention layer, and the water outlet of the saturated water retention layer is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retention layer into the overflow tank.

[0010] More preferably, the target device includes a virtual cutter 2, which includes a fifth accommodating chamber, a second air inlet, a sixth accommodating chamber, a second turning portion, a vacuum pump 3 and a vacuum pump 4, the first air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 3 is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, and the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; the vacuum pump 4 is used to generate a fourth airflow, the vacuum pump 4 is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber, the fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a drying tube 1 is provided between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 1 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow; and / or a drying tube 2 is provided between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow. Preferably, the drying tube 1 and / or the drying tube 2 are Nafion™ aerosol drying tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, an OPC optical particle counter is provided between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth receiving chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of the target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth receiving chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of the interstitial particles. A collection filter membrane 1 is provided between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth receiving chamber, and the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect the target activated particles; and / or a collection filter membrane 2 is provided between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth receiving chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect the interstitial particles.

[0013] Preferably, vacuum pump 2 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow of the second airflow.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a gas particle concentration detection device is provided, characterized in that the gas particle concentration detection device includes the above-mentioned separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, an aerosol sampling device is provided, characterized in that the aerosol sampling device comprises the above-mentioned separation system for cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a virtual cutter generates a countercurrent airflow at the inlet, so that larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) are separated from smaller particles. In this process, a first target gas can be introduced through the first air inlet, and the first target gas contains first particles (larger particles) and second particles (smaller particles). Due to the inertia of large particles, they cannot turn with the high-speed countercurrent airflow, and are thus effectively collected in the first receiving chamber. At the same time, a vacuum pump can suck in smaller second particles through the second receiving chamber to ensure the effective separation of the two particles. The separation process is completed without the need for physical impact, thereby avoiding the problems of particle breakage and rebound that may occur in traditional impactors.

[0017] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the aerosol growth tube according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a virtual cutter according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a virtual cutter according to the present invention.

[0023] Description of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Vacuum pump 1; 2. Float flowmeter 1; 3. Virtual cutter 1; 4. Circulating water pump; 5. Vacuum pump 2; 6. Float flowmeter 2; 7. Aerosol regulator; 8. Electric heating plate; 9. Temperature controller; 10. Aerosol growth tube; 11. Overflow tank; 12. Virtual cutter 2; 13. Drying tube 1; 14. Drying tube 2; 15. OPC optical particle counter; 16. CPC condensation particle counter; 17. Collection filter 1; 18. Collection filter 2; 19. Vacuum pump 3; 20. Float flowmeter 3; 21. Float flowmeter 4; 22. Vacuum pump 4; 23. Saturated water retention layer; 24. First accommodating chamber; 25. First air inlet; 26. Second accommodating chamber; 27. First turning part; 28. First particulate matter; 29. ​​Second particulate matter; 30. First air outlet; 31. Second air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0025] The present invention provides a system for separating particulate matter in cloud gaps from activated particles, which comprises a vacuum pump 1, a float flowmeter 1, a virtual cutter 1, a circulating water pump, a vacuum pump 2, a float flowmeter 2, an aerosol regulator, an electric heating plate, a temperature controller, an aerosol growth tube, an overflow tank, a virtual cutter 2, a drying tube 1, a drying tube 2, an OPC optical particle counter, a CPC condensation particle counter, a collection filter membrane 1, a collection filter membrane 2, a vacuum pump 3, a float flowmeter 3, a float flowmeter 4 and a vacuum pump 4, wherein the activated particles are cloud droplets.

[0026] The vacuum pump is used as the power device of the countercurrent airflow of the virtual cutter. The countercurrent airflow mainly contains particles with a particle size of less than 2.5 μm, namely activated particles (cloud droplets). The vacuum pump is connected to the saturated water retention layer via a float flowmeter. The float flowmeter controls and monitors the flow rate of the countercurrent airflow of the virtual cutter. The virtual cutter is used to generate a countercurrent airflow at the gas inlet, so that larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) are separated from small particles. Due to inertia, large particles cannot follow the high-speed countercurrent airflow and are therefore collected in the sample flow, while small particles are carried away by the countercurrent airflow. This separation process can be completed without the need for physical impact, thus avoiding the problems of particle breakage and rebound that may occur in traditional impactors. The circulating water pump is used as a power device to pump the water in the aerosol regulator water tank into the saturated water retention layer of the aerosol growth tube; the vacuum pump 2 is used as a power device for the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 1, and the airflow mainly contains particles with a particle size greater than 2.5μm; the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the outlet of the virtual cutter 1 via the float flowmeter 2; the float flowmeter 2 controls and monitors the flow rate of the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 1.

[0027] The aerosol regulator preferably uses a water tank equipped with a constant temperature device. The water tank is in a constant temperature state. The aerosol regulator is used as a device to adjust the humidity and temperature of the aerosol, so that the aerosol entering the aerosol growth tube maintains a certain temperature and humidity; The electric heating plate is located in the upper middle part of the aerosol growth tube, specifically arranged at the aluminum alloy outer wall at the upper end of the aerosol growth tube, and the length of the electric heating plate is not less than 10 cm. A constant temperature difference is formed between the temperature at the upper end of the aerosol growth tube and the temperature of the aerosol particles entering the lower end of the aerosol growth tube from the aerosol regulator, and the temperature difference is 30°C to 40°C. A thermostat is arranged at the outer end of the electric heating plate, and the thermostat is used to control the temperature of the electric heating plate. The interior of the aerosol growth tube is a saturated water-retaining layer to maintain the aerosol growth tube in an environment with suitable humidity. The exterior of the aerosol growth tube is a metal layer connected from the middle (that is, the metal layer wraps the aerosol growth tube), and the metal layer is preferably an aluminum alloy outer wall; an electric heating plate is wrapped around the outside of the metal layer; the saturated water-retaining layer is made of polyvinyl alcohol, and the water in the constant temperature water tank of the aerosol regulator is injected from the air outlet end of the saturated water-retaining layer under the power of the circulating water pump. The overflowing water of the saturated water-retaining layer flows back to the constant temperature water tank of the aerosol regulator through the overflow pool at the bottom of the air inlet of the saturated water-retaining layer; the saturated water-retaining layer is the innermost layer of the aerosol growth tube and the main channel for water circulation of the device.

[0028] The overflow pool is located on the side of the air inlet at the lower end of the aerosol growth tube, and serves as a connecting unit for the water circulation between the aerosol regulator and the aerosol growth tube; the virtual cutter 2 generates a countercurrent airflow at the inlet, so that larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) are separated from small particles. Large particles are unable to follow the high-speed countercurrent airflow due to inertia, so they are collected in the sample flow, while small particles are carried away by the countercurrent airflow. This particle separation process can be completed without the need for physical impact, thus avoiding the problems of particle breakage and rebound that may occur in traditional impactors. The size of the acceleration hole and nozzle of the virtual cutter 2 is different from that of the acceleration hole and nozzle of the virtual cutter 1; The drying tube 1 adopts an aerosol drying tube, and in a preferred embodiment, a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is adopted; the drying tube 2 adopts an aerosol drying tube, and in a preferred embodiment, a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is adopted; the OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of activated particles, the CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles, the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect activated particles, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect interstitial particles; the vacuum pump 3 is used as a power device for the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 2, and the airflow at the outlet of the virtual cutter 2 mainly contains cloud droplets with a particle size greater than 1 μm; Float flowmeter three controls and monitors the flow rate of the airflow at the outlet of virtual cutter two, and float flowmeter four controls and monitors the flow rate of the countercurrent of virtual cutter two; vacuum pump four serves as a power device for the countercurrent airflow of virtual cutter two, and the countercurrent airflow of virtual cutter two mainly contains interstitial particles with a particle size of less than 1 μm.

[0029] In one embodiment, vacuum pump one is connected to float flowmeter one, and vacuum pump two is connected to float flowmeter two; virtual cutter one is connected to aerosol regulator, an overflow tank is provided between the aerosol regulator and the aerosol growth tube, a circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer, and an electric heating plate is provided between the aerosol growth tube and the temperature controller; virtual cutter two is connected to drying tube one and drying tube two, an OPC optical particle counter is provided between drying tube one and collecting filter membrane one, and float flowmeter three is connected between collecting filter membrane one and vacuum pump three; a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between drying tube two and collecting filter membrane two, and float flowmeter four is connected between collecting filter membrane two and vacuum pump four.

[0030] Furthermore, the virtual cutter 1 includes a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber and a first turning portion, the first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, the first turning portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 2 is used to generate a first airflow, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the first accommodating chamber via a float flowmeter 2, the first airflow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet, the first target gas includes first particles and second particles, the size of the first particles is larger than the size of the second particles; the vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, the vacuum pump 1 is connected to the first turning portion through the second accommodating chamber via a float flowmeter 1, the second airflow can suck the second particles entering the first accommodating chamber from the first turning portion into the second accommodating chamber, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles entering the first accommodating chamber into the second accommodating chamber.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the second particulate matter includes activated particles and interstitial particles, and the separation system of the cloud interstitial particles and the activated particles includes a first air outlet, and the vacuum pump is connected to the second containing chamber through the first air outlet, and the first air flow device is used to suck out the second particulate matter in the second containing chamber, and the second particulate matter enters the target device through the first air outlet; an aerosol growth tube is arranged between the first air outlet and the target device, and the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target temperature; and a humidity adjustment device for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first containing chamber at a target humidity; the aerosol growth tube is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter to target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the interstitial particles.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity regulating device; the humidity regulating device includes a third containing chamber, the third containing chamber is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second containing chamber, the third containing chamber has a saturated water retaining layer inside, the saturated water retaining layer is used to maintain the humidity in the third containing chamber; the temperature controller includes an electric heating plate, which is located outside the third containing chamber, and the electric heating plate is used to control the temperature in the third containing chamber.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the aerosol growth tube includes a fourth containing chamber and an overflow tank. The fourth containing chamber is located between the third containing chamber and the second containing chamber. The fourth containing chamber is used to contain the second particles after passing through the second containing chamber. The saturated water retention layer has a water inlet and a water outlet. The overflow tank is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber. A circulating water pump is provided between the overflow tank and the saturated water retention layer. The circulating water pump is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank through the water inlet and send it into the saturated water retention layer. The water outlet of the saturated water retention layer is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retention layer into the overflow tank.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the target device includes a virtual cutter 2, which includes a fifth accommodating chamber and a second air inlet, wherein the first air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber; a sixth accommodating chamber and a second turning portion, wherein the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber; a vacuum pump 3, which is used to generate a third airflow, and the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, and the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; a vacuum pump 4, which is used to generate a fourth airflow, and the vacuum pump 4 is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, there is a drying tube 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 1 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow; and / or there is a drying tube 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, an OPC optical particle counter is provided between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth receiving chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of the target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth receiving chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of the interstitial particles. The number concentration indicates the number of a certain particle in a unit volume.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, there is a collection filter membrane 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth containing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect the target activated particles; and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth containing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect interstitial particles.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, vacuum pump 2 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow of the second airflow.

[0039] The following is a technical solution of a system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles includes a virtual cutter 3, which includes a first accommodating chamber 24, a first air inlet 25, a second accommodating chamber 26, a first turning portion 27, a vacuum pump 25 and a vacuum pump 1. The first air inlet 25 can be connected to the first accommodating chamber 24, and the first turning portion 27 is located between the first air inlet 25 and the first accommodating chamber 24. The vacuum pump 25 is used to generate a first airflow, and the vacuum pump 25 is connected to the first accommodating chamber 24. The first airflow is used to allow a first target gas to enter the first accommodating chamber 24 through the first air inlet 25. The first target gas includes first particles 28 and second particles 29, and the size of the first particles 28 is larger than that of the second particles 29; the vacuum pump 1 is used to generate a second airflow, and the vacuum pump 1 is connected to the first turning portion 27 through the second accommodating chamber 26. The second airflow can suck the second particles 29 entering the first accommodating chamber 24 from the first turning portion 27 into the second accommodating chamber 26, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles 28 entering the first accommodating chamber 24 into the second accommodating chamber 26.

[0040] The separation system of the cloud gap particles and the activated particles can be a device for separating particles of different sizes in the gas, which can effectively separate the larger particles from the smaller particles in the gas. In the preferred technical solution, the first particles are particles with a particle size greater than 2.5 μm, and the second particles are particles with a particle size less than 2.5 μm.

[0041] Virtual cutter 3 can be a specific part inside the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles, which can be used for preliminary particle separation. The first accommodating chamber 24 in virtual cutter 3 can be a space for accommodating the incoming target gas, which can be used as an area for separating larger particles from smaller particles, and the first accommodating chamber 24 can be used as a space for accommodating larger particles. For example, the first cavity can be: a cylindrical cavity, a square cavity, other polygonal cavities, etc. However, the present application is not limited to this, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust or set according to specific needs.

[0042] The first air inlet 25 can be an entrance for gas to enter the first accommodating chamber 24, and the first air inlet 25 can be connected to an external air source. For example, the first air inlet 25 can be an air inlet with different diameters, an air inlet equipped with a filter device, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust or set according to specific needs.

[0043] The second accommodating cavity 26 may be a cavity for receiving the second particles 29. The second accommodating cavity 26 in the virtual cutter 3 may be an area for accommodating smaller particles entering. For example, the second accommodating cavity 26 may be an accommodating cavity of different shapes, such as round, square, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, that is, those skilled in the art may adjust or set it according to specific needs.

[0044] The first turning portion 27 may be a structure for changing the direction of airflow, and may be located between the first air inlet 25 and the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the turning portion may be a turning portion with an inclined surface design or a turning portion with a curved surface design, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or set the turning portion according to specific needs.

[0045] The vacuum pump 25 may be a device for generating the first airflow to ensure that the gas can effectively flow into the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the airflow generating device may be a fan or a vacuum pump, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, that is, those skilled in the art may adjust or set it according to specific needs.

[0046] The connection may refer to the connection relationship between the components so that the airflow can be transmitted smoothly. For example, the connection mode may be a direct pipe connection or a valve connection, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, that is, those skilled in the art may adjust or set according to specific needs.

[0047] The first airflow may be an airflow generated by the vacuum pump 25, and is used to introduce the gas into the first accommodating chamber 24. For example, the airflow may be an airflow with different flow rates and flow rates, etc. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or set the airflow according to specific needs.

[0048] The first target gas may be a gas entering the first accommodating chamber 24 through the first air inlet 25, which contains the first particle 28 and the second particle 29. For example, the first target gas may be: air (air in a natural environment, containing particles such as water vapor, dust, and pollen), aerosol (a mixture of liquid or solid particles suspended in a gas, such as fine particles in haze, aerosols generated by sprays, aerosols of cosmetics or detergents, etc.), smoke (such as tobacco smoke, industrial exhaust smoke, which often contains a variety of particles), spray (such as pesticide sprays used in agriculture, containing particles of different sizes), gas mixture (gas containing specific components, such as exhaust gas containing sulfur dioxide, automobile exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides), mist (such as mist formed by condensation of water vapor, containing many tiny water droplets), bioaerosol (such as bacteria, viruses, spores and other biological particles suspended in the air, etc.), other specific gases (such as specific chemical gases that may be used in laboratories, or gas flows generated in certain industrial processes, etc.). However, the present application is not limited to this, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust or set according to specific needs.

[0049] The first particulate matter 28 may refer to a larger particle size, and the second particulate matter 29 may refer to a smaller particle size. Taking the first target gas as an aerosol as an example, the first particulate matter 28 may be a particle that can form cloud droplets or ice crystals. The second particulate matter 29 may be a particle that cannot form cloud droplets. However, the present application is not limited to this, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust or set according to specific needs. In the present technical solution, the first particulate matter is a particle with a particle size greater than 2.5 μm, and the second particulate matter is a particle with a particle size less than 2.5 μm.

[0050] The vacuum pump 1 may be a device for generating a second airflow to ensure that the second particles 29 can be effectively sucked into the second accommodating chamber 26. For example, the airflow generating device may be a fan or a vacuum pump. The second airflow may be an airflow generated by the vacuum pump 1, which is used to suck the second particles 29 into the second accommodating chamber 26. For example, the airflow may be an airflow with different flow rates and flow rates. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may adjust or set the airflow according to specific needs.

[0051] The second airflow can suck the second particles 29 entering the first accommodating chamber 24 from the first turning portion 27 into the second accommodating chamber 26, which can indicate the cooperation between the second airflow and the first turning portion 27. Since the large particles cannot turn due to the inertia of the first airflow, the second airflow can only suck the second particles after passing through the turning portion. Therefore, the second airflow can suck the second particles into the second accommodating chamber 26 through the turning portion, but cannot suck the first particles into the second accommodating chamber 26 through the turning portion, thereby achieving the separation of the first particles 28 and the second particles 29.

[0052] Specifically, due to its large mass and inertia, the first particles 28 tend to maintain their original state of motion due to the inertia during the turning process of the second airflow. When the second airflow passes through the turning portion, the change in the direction of the second airflow causes the smaller second particles 29 to turn along the direction of the second airflow and enter the second accommodation chamber 26. However, due to its large inertia, the first particles 28 fail to adapt to the change in the direction of the second airflow, and thus cannot turn smoothly and be sucked into the second accommodation chamber 26. Therefore, the first particles 28 will continue to move along the original airflow path before the turning portion, and thus be discharged into other channels or the first accommodation chamber 24. Through this mechanism, the effective separation of the first particles 28 and the second particles 29 is achieved.

[0053] In this embodiment, the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles can achieve effective separation of particles of different sizes through a precisely designed airflow. Specifically, the virtual cutter 3 can generate a countercurrent airflow at the inlet, so that larger particles (such as cloud droplets or ice crystals) are separated from smaller particles. In this process, the first target gas can be introduced through the first air inlet 25, and the first target gas contains first particles 28 (larger particles) and second particles 29 (smaller particles). Due to the inertia of large particles, they cannot turn with the high-speed countercurrent airflow, so they are effectively collected in the first accommodating chamber 24. At the same time, the vacuum pump 1 can inhale the smaller second particles 29 through the second accommodating chamber 26 to ensure the effective separation of the two particles. The separation process is completed without the need for physical impact, thereby avoiding the particle breakage and rebound problems that may occur in traditional impactors.

[0054] In some embodiments, the second particles 29 may include activated particles and interstitial particles, the particle separation device may include a first gas outlet 30, the vacuum pump 25 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 26 through the first gas outlet 30, the first air flow device is used to suck out the second particles 29 in the second accommodating chamber 26, and the second particles 29 enter the target device through the first gas outlet 30; An aerosol growth tube 10 is arranged between the first gas outlet 30 and the target device. The aerosol growth tube 10 includes a temperature controller 9 for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 at a target temperature, and a humidity adjustment device for maintaining the first target gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 at a target humidity. The aerosol growth tube 10 is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter 29 to target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the interstitial particles.

[0055] Activated particles may refer to particles that can be formed or enlarged through physical or chemical processes under specific environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity), and their size and properties may be suitable for specific applications, such as forming cloud droplets or participating in other meteorological processes. For example, activated particles may include but are not limited to: water molecules that form cloud droplets, liquid particles in aerosols, solid particles that can participate in nucleation reactions under meteorological conditions, etc. Interstitial particles may refer to particles that exist in gases or liquids but will not be activated or changed under specific conditions. They are usually small and do not participate in the formation of cloud droplets or other meteorological phenomena. For example, interstitial particles may include but are not limited to: fine dust, particles of specific chemical composition, aerosols that fail to meet activation conditions, etc.

[0056] The first air outlet 30 may be a structure in the separation system of the cloud gap particles and the activated particles, and is used to suck out the second particles 29 in the second accommodating chamber 26 through the airflow and guide them to the target device. For example, the first air outlet 30 may be an outlet in various forms, such as a pipe, a valve, a filter, etc., and may be designed with different diameters and configurations.

[0057] The second particles 29 may refer to particles separated by the separation system of the interstitial particles and the activated particles, and enter the target device for subsequent treatment or utilization through the first gas outlet 30. For example, the second particles 29 may include activated particles and interstitial particles, and may be configured and selected differently according to the treatment requirements.

[0058] The aerosol growth tube 10 may refer to a device for adjusting the gas environment conditions (such as temperature and humidity) to promote the formation of activated particles and maintain the original size of interstitial particles. For example, the aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature control device, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a gas mixer, etc.

[0059] The temperature controller 9 may refer to a device for controlling and maintaining the gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 within a target temperature range. For example, the temperature controller 9 may include a heater, a cooler, a temperature control valve, and the like.

[0060] The humidity regulating device may refer to a device for controlling and maintaining the gas passing through the first accommodating chamber 24 within a target humidity range. For example, the humidity regulating device may include a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a humidity sensor, and the like.

[0061] The target device may refer to a downstream device or system of the separation system of the cloud gap particles and the activated particles, which can be used to process, utilize or analyze the particles entering through the first gas outlet 30. The function of the device can vary according to different application requirements. For example, the target device may include but is not limited to: a collection device (for collecting and storing separated particles, such as a filter or a collection container), an analysis device (an instrument for component analysis or characteristic detection of particles, such as a mass spectrometer, a particle size analyzer, etc.), a reaction device (equipment for chemical reaction or further treatment of particles, such as a reactor or a catalytic device, etc.), a gas treatment device (for processing gas flows related to particles, such as waste gas treatment equipment or gas purification equipment), an agricultural application device (equipment for spraying pesticides or other biologically active substances, using separated particles for precise application, etc.) However, the present application is not limited thereto, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust or set according to specific needs.

[0062] In this embodiment, the separation system of cloud interstitial particles and activated particles can further separate activated particles and interstitial particles, and adjust the temperature and humidity through the set aerosol growth tube 10, which not only promotes the size of activated particles to increase to target activated particles, but also ensures that the interstitial particles maintain their original size, thereby avoiding deformation or loss during the separation process, and ensuring the integrity and function of the particles. In addition, the flexible design of the target device can make it applicable to multiple fields such as environmental monitoring, meteorological research, agriculture and material science, and improves the wide range of applications.

[0063] It should be noted that the first accommodating chamber 24 may also have a second air outlet 31 , which may be used to guide the first particles 28 out of the first accommodating chamber 24 .

[0064] In some embodiments, the aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature controller 9 and a humidity control device; The humidity regulating device may include a third accommodating chamber, the third accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the second particles 29 after passing through the second accommodating chamber 26, and the third accommodating chamber has a saturated water-retaining layer 23 inside, and the saturated water-retaining layer 23 is used to maintain the humidity in the third accommodating chamber; The temperature controller 9 may include an electric heating plate 8 located outside the third accommodating cavity, and the electric heating plate 8 is used to control the temperature in the third accommodating cavity.

[0065] The aerosol growth tube 10 may include a temperature controller 9 and a humidity control device, which may work together to create optimal environmental conditions to promote the formation of activated particles.

[0066] Specifically, the humidity regulating device may be composed of a third accommodating chamber, which may be used to accommodate the second particles 29 passing through the second accommodating chamber 26. A saturated water-retaining layer 23 is provided inside the third accommodating chamber to maintain the humidity inside the third accommodating chamber. The design of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 ensures that the moisture in the environment can be maintained at an ideal level, so as to promote the formation of activated particles under specific conditions, such as the formation of cloud droplets or other meteorological processes.

[0067] In addition, the temperature controller 9 may include an electric heating plate 8 located outside the third accommodation chamber, and the electric heating plate 8 may control the temperature in the third accommodation chamber. By precisely adjusting the temperature, it is ensured that during the separation and subsequent processing of the particles, the activated particles are kept at the desired target size without affecting the integrity of the interstitial particles. The design of the electric heating plate 8 allows technicians to flexibly adjust the temperature according to actual needs to optimize the activation effect of the particles.

[0068] It should be noted that there may be one or more aerosol growth tubes 10 , and multiple aerosol growth tubes 10 may be connected to the second containing chamber 26 together.

[0069] In some embodiments, the aerosol growth tube 10 includes a fourth containing chamber and an overflow tank 11. The fourth containing chamber is located between the third containing chamber and the second containing chamber 26. The fourth containing chamber is used to contain the second particles 29 after passing through the second containing chamber 26. The saturated water retaining layer 23 has a water inlet and a water outlet. The overflow tank 11 is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber. There is a circulating water pump 4 between the overflow tank 11 and the saturated water retaining layer 23. The circulating water pump 4 is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank 11 through the water inlet and send it into the saturated water retaining layer 23. The water outlet of the saturated water retaining layer 23 is used to circulate the water in the saturated water retaining layer 23 and inject it into the overflow tank 11.

[0070] The fourth accommodating chamber may be located between the third accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber 26, and may accommodate the second particles 29 obtained after passing through the second accommodating chamber 26. Through this configuration, the fourth accommodating chamber may increase the processing space of the particles, and may also provide necessary environmental conditions for subsequent particle separation.

[0071] The saturated water-retaining layer 23 may be provided with a water inlet and a water outlet to facilitate the recycling of water. The overflow tank 11 may be arranged outside the fourth accommodation chamber and connected to the saturated water-retaining layer 23 via a circulating water pump 4. The circulating water pump 4 may circulate the water in the overflow tank 11 into the saturated water-retaining layer 23, thereby maintaining the humidity of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 at an ideal level. This achieves both the effective maintenance of the activation conditions of the particles and the guarantee of the stability and integrity of the particles during the entire separation process.

[0072] The outlet of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 circulates the excess water in the saturated water-retaining layer 23 back to the overflow tank 11, ensuring that the water content of the system is continuously balanced and avoiding the activation effect of the particles being affected by excessive or insufficient water content, thereby not only improving the efficiency of the system but also enhancing its reliability in practical applications.

[0073] In this embodiment, the overflow tank 11 can move the excess water in the saturated water retention layer 23 back into the middle overflow tank 11 to achieve water circulation in the aerosol growth tube 10 .

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, a possible workflow of the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles can be as follows: First, the aerosol can be inhaled from the first air inlet 25, and the aerosol particles are separated with a cut-off particle size of, for example, 2.5 μm. The aerosol particles larger than 2.5 μm enter the first accommodating chamber 24, and the aerosol particles smaller than 2.5 μm enter the second accommodating chamber 26. The flow rate of this air path can be controlled by a device such as a vacuum pump and a float flowmeter. Secondly, the aerosol particles entering the second accommodating chamber 26 will enter the aerosol growth tube 10. The aerosol growth tube 10 has a saturated water-retaining layer 23 and an electric heating plate 8, which can adjust the temperature and relative humidity of the aerosol particles entering therein so that they carry water vapor. Again, the circulating water pump 4 can draw water from the overflow pool 11 into the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 (and the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 can also be provided with a porous water-absorbing material), so that the relative humidity of the inner wall of the aerosol growth tube reaches saturation. The circulating water pump 4 can also move the excess water on the inner wall of the saturated water-retaining layer 23 back into the overflow pool 11, so as to realize the water circulation in the aerosol regulator 7 and the aerosol growth tube. Thirdly, the electric heating plate 8 can realize a constant temperature difference between the aerosol particles at the end of the aerosol growth tube 10 and the head end of the aerosol growth tube 10. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature difference can be 30°C to 40°C. Again, the aerosol growth tube 10 can make the activated particles grow under the difference of mass diffusion rate and temperature diffusion rate, and the particle size grows to more than 1 μm. The aerosol particles that have grown to 1 μm in size after passing through the aerosol growth tube are activated particles, and the unactivated particles are interstitial particles with a particle size less than 1 μm. After the activated particles are distinguished from the interstitial particles, they can be processed by the subsequent target device.

[0075] It should be noted that the present application does not specifically limit the specific size of the activated particles, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust their types according to actual conditions. The above 1um situation is only an example of the sizes of the activated particles in the present application, but is not limited to the situations described in the above embodiments.

[0076] It should be noted that the working principle and structure of the virtual cutter 2 may refer to the description of the virtual cutter 1 3 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the present invention will not repeat them here.

[0077] In some embodiments, the target device includes a virtual cutter 12, the virtual cutter 12 includes a fifth accommodating chamber and a second air inlet, the first air inlet 25 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the sixth accommodating chamber and the second turning portion, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, a vacuum pump 19, the vacuum pump 19 is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 19 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet, a vacuum pump 22, the vacuum pump 22 is used to generate a fourth airflow, the vacuum pump 22 is connected to the second turning portion through the sixth accommodating chamber, the fourth airflow can suck the gap particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning portion into the sixth accommodating chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber into the sixth accommodating chamber.

[0078] For example, a possible workflow of the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles in this embodiment may be as follows: First, the fifth accommodating chamber is connected to the first air inlet 25, and can receive the target activated particles (e.g., particles larger than 1um, etc.) and interstitial particles (e.g., particles with a particle size smaller than 1μm, etc.) flowing from the aerosol growth tube 10. The second air inlet is used to guide the third airflow into the fifth accommodating chamber to ensure the effective flow of the airflow.

[0079] Secondly, the second turning part is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, and its main function is to guide the incoming fourth airflow so that the target activated particles and the interstitial particles can be efficiently separated and turned. At the same time, the vacuum pump 22 is responsible for generating the fourth airflow, which is connected to the second turning part through the sixth accommodating chamber. The design purpose of this device is to suck the interstitial particles entering the fifth accommodating chamber from the second turning part into the sixth accommodating chamber, without sucking the target activated particles into the sixth accommodating chamber. The interstitial particles can enter the sixth accommodating chamber under the action of the fourth airflow, while the target activated particles with a relatively large volume cannot enter the sixth accommodating chamber under the action of inertia, thereby achieving the separation of the target activated particles and the interstitial particles.

[0080] In this embodiment, further separation of interstitial particles and target activated particles is achieved, which can be used for subsequent further processing of interstitial particles or target activated particles.

[0081] In some embodiments, there is a drying tube 13 between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 13 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow, and / or there is a drying tube 2 14 between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 14 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

[0082] For example, a possible workflow of the system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles in this embodiment may be as follows: First, the drying tube 13 can be arranged between the vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth receiving chamber, and can be used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow. The presence of water vapor may affect the separation efficiency of the particles. Through the drying process, the interference of water vapor on the airflow can be reduced, thereby ensuring that the state of the target activated particles and the interstitial particles when entering the fifth receiving chamber is more stable. This embodiment can not only improve the separation accuracy of the particles, but also help to avoid the aggregation or adhesion of particles caused by water vapor.

[0083] Secondly, the drying tube 2 14 is located between the vacuum pump 4 22 and the sixth receiving chamber, and is responsible for drying the water vapor in the fourth airflow. By drying the fourth airflow, the airflow entering the sixth receiving chamber can be made purer in composition, thereby further improving the separation efficiency of interstitial particles. The design of the drying device makes the flow of the fourth airflow smoother, ensuring efficient separation and transfer of particles.

[0084] The present application does not specifically limit the type of drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14, that is, those skilled in the art can adjust the type according to actual conditions. As long as the drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 can achieve the drying of the airflow, it can be used. For example, the drying tube 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 can be a condensation dryer (by lowering the gas temperature to condense the water, thereby achieving the drying effect), an adsorption dryer (using a desiccant (such as silica gel, molecular sieve or activated carbon) to adsorb the water in the gas), a hot air dryer (by heating the air and mixing it with the gas to be dried to take away the water therein), a membrane dryer (using a selective permeable membrane to separate the water through the membrane to achieve the purpose of drying), a spray dryer (spraying liquid substances into droplets, and rapidly evaporating the water after contacting with the hot air flow), a heat pump dryer (using the principle of a heat pump to transfer the water in a low-temperature environment to a high-temperature area for drying), an electromagnetic dryer (using microwaves or radio frequency waves to heat the water and evaporate it quickly), etc.

[0085] In this embodiment, the effectiveness of the airflow processing process can be improved by introducing the drying tube 1 13 and the drying tube 2 14. This design ensures that during the particle separation process, the water vapor in the airflow will not have a negative impact on the separation effect, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the technology.

[0086] In some embodiments, drying tube 1 13 and / or drying tube 2 14 are Nafion™ aerosol drying tubes.

[0087] In this embodiment, the Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is an efficient drying device specially designed to remove water vapor from the airflow. Based on the unique properties of the Nafion™ material, it can effectively adsorb and remove moisture while maintaining the airflow, thereby ensuring that the water vapor concentration of the third airflow and the fourth airflow is reduced to an ideal level before entering the corresponding accommodating chamber, thereby maximizing the separation efficiency of the particles. In addition, the advantage of using the Nafion™ aerosol drying tube is its efficient drying ability, which enables it to quickly and effectively remove water vapor from the airflow compared to traditional drying devices, ensuring the purity of the airflow; at the same time, the Nafion™ material has good chemical stability to a variety of gases, suitable for different experimental and industrial environments, and enhances the scope of application of the equipment. The drying tube has low energy consumption during operation, which helps to reduce overall operating costs and improve economic benefits. Finally, its structural design also makes the maintenance and replacement process simple and efficient, reducing downtime. These characteristics jointly ensure the efficiency and reliability of the separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles.

[0088] In some embodiments, an OPC optical particle counter 15 is provided between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth containing chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter 15 is used to measure the number concentration of the target activated particles, and / or a CPC condensation particle counter 16 is provided between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth containing chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter 16 is used to measure the number concentration of the interstitial particles.

[0089] The OPC optical particle counter 15 is arranged between the vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth receiving chamber, and can be used to measure the number concentration of the target activated particles. The counter can quickly and accurately detect the concentration changes of the particles in the airflow through optical principles, and provide real-time feedback on the number information of the target activated particles. This function not only helps to optimize the separation efficiency of the particles, but also provides important data information for subsequent processing and analysis, so that the operator can adjust the airflow and separation parameters in time to achieve the best separation effect.

[0090] For example, the OPC optical particle counter 15 can be: a laser particle counter (using the principle of laser scattering to determine the number and size of particles by measuring the scattering intensity of light), a light transmission particle counter (by measuring the attenuation of light passing through a sample to measure the particles in the airflow), a light scattering particle counter (based on the scattering ability of particles to monitor the number concentration and size distribution of particles in real time), a multi-wavelength OPC optical particle counter 15 (using lasers of multiple wavelengths for particle detection and able to distinguish different types of particles), a portable OPC optical particle counter 15 (miniaturized design, suitable for on-site monitoring and portable applications), etc.

[0091] The CPC condensation particle counter 16 is arranged between the vacuum pump 22 and the sixth receiving chamber, and is specifically used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles. The counter effectively detects the concentration of tiny particles in the airflow through the condensation principle, providing more accurate monitoring for the separation process. This design ensures the separation effect of interstitial particles and helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of particle processing.

[0092] For example, the CPC condensation particle counter 16 can be: a gas CPC condensation particle counter 16 (CPC) (by cooling the gas to below the dew point, causing water vapor to condense on the particles to form measurable droplets), a dynamic light scattering condensation counter (combining the condensation principle with dynamic light scattering technology to monitor the number concentration and particle size distribution of particles in real time), a condensing gas counter (by changing the temperature and pressure of the gas to cause tiny particles to aggregate and be counted), a laser CPC condensation particle counter 16 (using laser technology to measure the number concentration of particles during the condensation process), a portable CPC condensation particle counter 16 (a small device suitable for on-site monitoring and mobile applications), etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, there is a collection filter membrane 17 between the vacuum pump three 19 and the fifth containing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 17 is used to collect target activated particles, and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 18 between the vacuum pump four 22 and the sixth containing chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 18 is used to collect interstitial particles.

[0094] The collection filter membrane 17 can be arranged between the vacuum pump 3 19 and the fifth receiving chamber, and is specifically used to collect the target activated particles. The collection device uses appropriate physical or chemical mechanisms, such as electrostatic adsorption, gravity sedimentation or filtering technology, to effectively capture the separated target activated particles and ensure that they are not carried away by the airflow. This not only improves the recovery rate of the target activated particles, but also facilitates subsequent processing and analysis, providing a reliable data basis for further applications.

[0095] For example, the collection filter membrane 17 can be: an electrostatic collector (using electrostatic force to capture charged or polar particles, suitable for the collection of target activated particles), a filter (using filter materials of different pore sizes to collect target activated particles through physical filtration), a centrifugal separator (through the centrifugal force generated by rotation, the target activated particles are separated and collected from the airflow), a sedimentation tank (using the principle of gravity sedimentation to allow the target activated particles to settle in a static area for easy collection), a gas scrubber (collecting particles in the airflow by liquid spraying or foaming), etc.

[0096] The collection filter membrane 2 18 is arranged between the vacuum pump 4 22 and the sixth receiving chamber, and is mainly used to collect interstitial particles. The design of the device also adopts a suitable collection mechanism to ensure the effective capture of interstitial particles during the separation process. By precisely controlling the collection conditions, the collection filter membrane 2 18 can maximize the collection rate of interstitial particles without affecting the characteristics of the airflow and particulate matter, thereby enhancing the overall separation effect.

[0097] For example, the collection filter membrane 2 18 can be: a condensation collector (through the condensation effect, the interstitial particles are attached to the condensation surface for easy collection), a settler (using gravity or airflow changes to allow the interstitial particles to settle and collect inside the device), a magnetic collector (applying a magnetic field to the airflow and using magnetic materials to capture magnetic or conductive interstitial particles), a multi-stage centrifugal separator (through multi-stage rotation, interstitial particles of different sizes are effectively separated and collected), an adsorbent collector (using activated carbon or other materials to adsorb interstitial particles to achieve collection), etc.

[0098] In some embodiments, vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1 is a vacuum pump, vacuum pump 25 includes float flowmeter 26, float flowmeter 26 is used to monitor the flow rate of the first airflow, and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 12, float flowmeter 12 is used to monitor the flow rate of the second airflow.

[0099] The vacuum pump can be used as an option for vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1. Its main function is to create a negative pressure environment to promote the flow of air inside the device, thereby effectively guiding the separation of particles in the gas. The use of the vacuum pump can ensure the stability and controllability of the airflow, providing strong support for the subsequent particle separation process. Compared with the traditional airflow generation method, the vacuum pump can better adapt to the airflow requirements under different operating conditions, enhancing the flexibility and applicability of the equipment.

[0100] However, the present invention does not specifically limit the type of vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1. For example, vacuum pump 25 and / or vacuum pump 1 can also be a blower (using a fan or centrifugal principle to generate airflow, suitable for occasions requiring a large airflow), a compressed air device (generating airflow through a compressed air source, suitable for applications requiring high-pressure airflow), a gas pump (such as a diaphragm pump or a gear pump, which can effectively move gas and is suitable for the processing of specific gases), an ejector (using the principle of fluid dynamics to inject gas into the fluid through a nozzle to generate airflow), an electric fan (a simple electric fan can be used for small-scale airflow generation, suitable for low-requirement applications), a centrifugal pump (generating airflow through a rotating impeller, suitable for the transfer of liquids and gases), a negative pressure aspirator (extracting gas from a certain area through the negative pressure principle to form an airflow), etc., that is, technical personnel in this field can set or adjust according to actual conditions.

[0101] The introduction of float flowmeter 26 and float flowmeter 12 is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow and the second airflow respectively. The flowmeter can display the flow of the airflow in real time by the rise and fall of the float, which is easy to operate and has high precision. The existence of the flowmeter enables the operator to grasp the changes in the airflow at any time, so as to adjust the airflow parameters in time to achieve the best separation effect. In addition, real-time monitoring of the flow helps to ensure that the equipment operates within a safe range and avoid poor particle separation effect caused by airflow fluctuations.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum pump three 19 includes a float flowmeter three 20, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the third airflow, and / or the vacuum pump four 22 includes a float flowmeter four 21, which is used to monitor the flow rate of the fourth airflow.

[0103] It should be noted that reference may be made to the description of the aforementioned embodiments regarding the float flowmeter three 20 and / or the float flowmeter four 21, and the present invention will not be elaborated herein.

[0104] Based on the same concept, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a gas particle concentration detection device. The gas particle concentration detection device provided in this embodiment can have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0105] Based on the same concept, the technical solution of the present invention also provides an aerosol sampling device. The aerosol sampling device provided in this embodiment can have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0106] In the present invention, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The singular forms "a", "" and "the" are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0107] The terms "first", "second", etc. are used to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first", "second", etc. can be used interchangeably. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information.

[0108] It will be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “front”, “back”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0109] Unless otherwise specified, "connection" includes direct connection without other components between the two, and also includes indirect connection with other components between the two. Although the operations are described in a specific order in the drawings in the technical solution of the present invention, it should not be understood that it is required to perform these operations in the specific order shown or in a serial order, or to perform all the operations shown to obtain the desired results. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the technical concepts disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following scope of rights.

[0111] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for separating cloud gap particles from activated particles, characterized in that: It includes a virtual cutter 1, a vacuum pump 2 and a vacuum pump 1, the virtual cutter 1 includes a first accommodating chamber, a first air inlet, a second accommodating chamber and a first turning portion, the first air inlet is connected to the first accommodating chamber, the first turning portion is located between the first air inlet and the first accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 2 is used to generate a first airflow, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the first accommodating chamber, the first airflow is used to make a first target gas enter the first accommodating chamber through the first air inlet, the first target gas includes a first particle and a second particle, and the size of the first particle is larger than the size of the second particle; The vacuum pump is used to generate a second airflow, and the vacuum pump is connected to the first turning part through the second accommodating chamber. The second airflow can suck the second particles entering the first accommodating chamber from the first turning part into the second accommodating chamber, and the second airflow cannot suck the first particles entering the first accommodating chamber into the second accommodating chamber.

2. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The virtual cutter 1 further includes a first air outlet, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the first air outlet, the first air flow device is used to suck out the second particles in the second accommodating chamber, and the second particles enter the target device through the first air outlet; An aerosol growth tube is arranged between the first gas outlet and the target device, and the aerosol growth tube is used to increase the size of the activated particles of the second particulate matter into target activated particles, and maintain the original size of the interstitial particles; the aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity regulating device, the temperature controller is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first containing cavity at a target temperature, and the humidity regulating device is used to maintain the first target gas passing through the first containing cavity at a target humidity.

3. The separation system of cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aerosol growth tube includes a temperature controller and a humidity regulating device. The humidity regulating device includes a third accommodating chamber. The third accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second accommodating chamber. The third accommodating chamber has a saturated water-retaining layer inside. The saturated water-retaining layer is used to maintain the humidity in the third accommodating chamber. The temperature controller includes an electric heating plate located outside the third accommodating chamber. The electric heating plate is used to control the temperature in the third accommodating chamber.

4. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aerosol growth tube further includes a fourth accommodating chamber and an overflow pool, wherein the fourth accommodating chamber is located between the third accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, and the fourth accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the second particles after passing through the second accommodating chamber; The saturated water-retaining layer has a water inlet and a water outlet. The overflow tank is arranged outside the fourth containing chamber. A circulating water pump is arranged between the overflow tank and the saturated water-retaining layer. The circulating water pump is used to circulate the water in the overflow tank through the water inlet of the saturated water-retaining layer into the saturated water-retaining layer. The water outlet of the saturated water-retaining layer is used to circulate the water in the saturated water-retaining layer into the overflow tank.

5. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The target device includes a virtual cutter 2, which includes a fifth accommodating chamber, a second air inlet, a sixth accommodating chamber, a second turning portion, a vacuum pump 3 and a vacuum pump 4, wherein the first air inlet is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, the second turning portion is located between the second air inlet and the fifth accommodating chamber, the vacuum pump 3 is used to generate a third airflow, the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the fifth accommodating chamber, and the third airflow is used to allow the target activated particles and the gap particles to enter the fifth accommodating chamber through the second air inlet; Vacuum pump four is used to generate a fourth airflow, and vacuum pump four is connected to the second turning part through the sixth containing chamber. The fourth airflow can suck the interstitial particles entering the fifth containing chamber from the second turning part into the sixth containing chamber, and the fourth airflow cannot suck the target activated particles entering the fifth containing chamber into the sixth containing chamber.

6. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a drying tube 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 1 is used to dry the water vapor in the third airflow; and / or there is a drying tube 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the drying tube 2 is used to dry the water vapor in the fourth airflow.

7. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 6, characterized in that: Drying tube 1 and / or drying tube 2 is a Nafion™ aerosol drying tube.

8. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: An OPC optical particle counter is provided between vacuum pump three and the fifth containing chamber, and the OPC optical particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of target activated particles; and / or a CPC condensation particle counter is provided between vacuum pump four and the sixth containing chamber, and the CPC condensation particle counter is used to measure the number concentration of interstitial particles.

9. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a collection filter membrane 1 between the vacuum pump 3 and the fifth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 1 is used to collect target activated particles; and / or there is a collection filter membrane 2 between the vacuum pump 4 and the sixth accommodating chamber, and the collection filter membrane 2 is used to collect gap particles.

10. The system for separating cloud gap particles and activated particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vacuum pump 2 and / or vacuum pump 1 are vacuum pumps; vacuum pump 2 includes float flowmeter 2, which is used to monitor the flow of the first airflow; and / or vacuum pump 1 includes float flowmeter 1, which is used to monitor the flow of the second airflow.

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