A friction and wear testing machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of testing machines, and specifically discloses a friction and wear testing machine, which includes a machine body. Inside the machine body, a support plate distributed up and down and a workbench for placing test blocks are fixedly installed. At the top of the support plate, a cylinder is fixedly installed. The output end of the cylinder slidably penetrates through the support plate and is fixedly installed with a driving plate. At the bottom of the driving plate, a guiding and testing unit, a reciprocating unit and a self-avoiding and adjusting unit are provided. The self-avoiding and adjusting unit includes an adjusting component, a control component for controlling the adjusting component and a control groove cooperating with the control component. In this application, in the three types of friction tests, namely sliding friction test, rolling friction test and rotational friction test, the reciprocating component is used to cooperate with the moving component to control the driving, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, eliminating the need to separately set up a drive for each type of friction test, reducing mechanical complexity and maintenance difficulty, and at the same time reducing the manufacturing and use costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of testing machines, and more specifically, it relates to a friction and wear testing machine. Background Art

[0002] A friction and wear testing machine is a device used to test the tribological properties of materials under different conditions. It can simulate various actual working environments, such as temperature, humidity, lubrication state, etc., and can apply different loads and relative motion modes to evaluate the frictional force, wear amount, and possible thermal effects between material surfaces, thus being widely used in multiple industries such as materials science, mechanical engineering, automotive industry, and aerospace.

[0003] The test types in friction and wear tests generally include: sliding friction and wear, rotational friction and wear, and rolling friction and wear. Different types of friction and wear tests have different requirements for contact geometry, material hardness, and loading methods. Therefore, it is necessary to use the test head most suitable for this working condition to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the test results. Currently, most test heads of friction and wear testing machines need to be disassembled and replaced separately, and a small number of new testing machines adjust the test head through a turntable switching method. However, the current testing machines still have certain defects: First, most test heads of current friction and wear testing machines need to be disassembled and replaced separately, and the replacement is relatively cumbersome. A small number of new testing machines adjust the test head through a turntable switching method, but a single test head needs to be equipped with a separate driving component, which significantly increases the mechanical complexity of the testing machine, not only increasing the manufacturing cost but also increasing the maintenance difficulty.

[0004] Secondly, in the design of the turntable type test head switching, the load reaction force applied to the test block usually does not act on the center of the turntable, but acts on the eccentric position of the entire turntable, resulting in the turntable being prone to small displacements or tilts during the force application process, causing changes in the relative position between the test head and the test block, and thus affecting the test accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a friction and wear testing machine to solve the technical problems in the prior art that each test head is driven separately and the turntable is prone to small displacements or tilts during the force application process.

[0006] The present invention provides a friction and wear testing machine, which includes a machine body. The inner wall of the machine body is fixedly installed with a support plate distributed up and down and a workbench for placing test blocks. The top of the support plate is fixedly installed with a cylinder. The output end of the cylinder slides through the support plate and is fixedly installed with a driving plate. The bottom of the driving plate is provided with a guiding and testing unit, a reciprocating unit, and a self-avoiding and adjusting unit. The self-avoiding and adjusting unit includes an adjusting component, a control component for controlling the adjusting component, and a control groove cooperating with the control component. The adjusting component and the control component are both provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed ones. The guiding and testing unit includes a plurality of test heads distributed circumferentially, a plurality of reciprocating guiding components distributed circumferentially, and a circumferential guiding component. The reciprocating unit includes a reciprocating component and a plurality of moving components distributed circumferentially.

[0007] The control unit includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed at the bottom of the driving plate. The adjusting component includes a mounting sleeve and a sliding rod slidably installed in the mounting sleeve. The bottom end of the sliding rod is fixedly installed with a slide rail. The moving component includes a moving block fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide rail close to one side of the rotating shaft through a second return spring. One side of the moving block away from the second return spring is fixedly installed with a moving rod slidably penetrating the slide rail.

[0008] When rotating to switch to the next test head, the moving component corresponding to this test head cooperates with the reciprocating component to achieve the effect of co-driving multiple test heads.

[0009] Further, a sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft. The adjusting component further includes a first guiding rod fixedly installed on one side of the slide rail close to the sleeve and a first guiding groove opened on the outer side of the sleeve and slidably cooperating with the first guiding rod.

[0010] Further, the control component includes an L-shaped plate fixedly installed on the side of the mounting sleeve away from the sleeve through a mounting rod. The bottom top wall of the L-shaped plate is fixedly installed with a return sleeve through a first return spring. The return sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod. A fixing ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the driving plate, and a control groove cooperating with the sliding rod is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring.

[0011] Further, the control groove is composed of a lower flat section, a lifting section, an upper flat section, and a vertical section that are interconnected. When switching to the next test head, when the rotating shaft rotates, the next sliding rod first slides up along the lifting section from the horizontal section and enters the upper flat section for horizontal rotation, and finally enters the vertical section from the upper flat section and moves down to drive the test head to closely adhere to the test block.

[0012] Further, the reciprocating component includes an L-shaped frame fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate and a disc rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame. An eccentrically arranged connecting rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc. The top of the connecting rod is rotatably installed with a reciprocating rod. The right side of the L-shaped frame is fixedly installed with a U-shaped rail through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod is slidably connected in the U-shaped rail. A driving motor is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame. The bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor slides through the L-shaped frame and is fixedly connected to the disc.

[0013] Further, three test heads are provided, namely a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head, and a rotational friction test head. Three adjusting components are provided. The sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of two of the moving blocks, and the rotational friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail corresponding to the other moving block.

[0014] Further, the reciprocating guiding component includes two guiding rods II symmetrically installed on the moving blocks corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotational friction test head. Two symmetrically front and rear guiding grooves II are formed on the slide rails corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotational friction test head. The guiding rods II are slidably connected in the corresponding guiding grooves II, and the bottom ends of the guiding rods II extend to a position close to the workbench.

[0015] Further, the circumferential guiding component includes an L-shaped rod fixedly installed at the rear side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotational friction test head and a limiting sleeve fixedly installed at the bottom end of the L-shaped rod and rotatably sleeved outside the rotational friction test head.

[0016] Further, a chute is formed on the front side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A slide rod slidably connected to the chute is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A rack is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slide rod, and a gear meshing with the rack is fixedly sleeved outside the rotational friction test head.

[0017] Further, the control unit further includes a control motor fixedly installed on the top of the driving plate. The output end of the control motor rotatably penetrates through the driving plate and is connected to the rotating shaft by means of gear transmission. Two stop blocks I are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench and are symmetrically arranged front and rear. A test block is placed between the two stop blocks I, and the front and rear positions of the test block can be fixed by the stop blocks I. The stop block II is located on the left side of the two stop blocks I and is used to press against the left side of the test block. A rotating plate is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a wedge-shaped ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present application, in the sliding friction test, the rolling friction test, and the rotational friction test, the three types of friction tests are all controlled and driven by the reciprocating component in cooperation with the moving component, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, eliminating the need to separately set up a drive for each type of friction test, reducing mechanical complexity and maintenance difficulty, and at the same time reducing the manufacturing and use costs.

[0019] 2. In this application, the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head are guided by the second guiding rod, providing additional support and guidance, ensuring that the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head always maintain coaxiality with the test block during reciprocating movement, making the contact between the test head and the test block more stable, the wear of the contact surface more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration and uneven wear caused by misalignment, thereby improving the accuracy of friction force measurement. At the same time, the limiting sleeve can limit the radial and axial movement of the rotational friction test head, ensuring that the rotational friction test head maintains a fixed axis during rotation, reducing errors caused by deviation, and thus greatly improving the accuracy of the rotational friction test.

[0020] 3. In this application, during the process of rotating and switching the test head, when the slide rail moves up and down, it will drive the first guiding rod to slide along the first guiding groove. Under the action of the first guiding rod and the first guiding groove, it can guide the slide rail, ensuring that the slide rail always maintains a linear movement during the up and down movement, avoiding affecting the coaxiality between the test head and the test block due to the deviation of the slide rail, ensuring the correct alignment between the rotational friction test head and the test block, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0021] 4. In this application, the second guiding rod ensures the precise guidance of the test head in the horizontal direction, while the first guiding rod ensures the precise control of the slide rail in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving a dual guiding effect on the test head. The dual guiding mechanism significantly improves the contact accuracy between the test head and the test block, and further improves the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drive plate, self-avoiding adjustment unit, guiding and testing unit, and reciprocating unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air cylinder, drive plate, control motor, first stop block, and second stop block of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped frame, drive motor, U-shaped rail, disc, and reciprocating rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rotating plate, wedge ring, fixed ring, rotating shaft, and control groove of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the test head, mounting sleeve, rack, and guiding and testing unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three - dimensional structural sectional view of the reset spring one, reset sleeve, sliding rod and guiding rod two parts of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bushing, guiding groove one, L - shaped plate, reset spring one and limiting sleeve of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 It is the present invention Figure 8 The partial enlarged view of part A in it.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the control groove and fixed ring of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, body; 2, workbench; 3, support plate; 4, cylinder; 5, drive plate; 6, self - avoiding adjustment unit; 7, guiding test unit; 8, reciprocating unit; 9, control unit; 10, rotating plate; 11, wedge - shaped ring; 12, stop block one; 13, stop block two; 14, test block; 601, adjustment component; 602, control component; 603, control groove; 6011, mounting sleeve; 6012, sliding rod; 6013, slide rail; 6014, guiding rod one; 6015, guiding groove one; 6021, L - shaped plate; 6022, reset spring one; 6023, reset sleeve; 6024, fixed ring; 6031, lower flat section; 6032, lifting section; 6033, upper flat section; 6034, vertical section; 701, test head; 702, reciprocating guiding component; 703, circumferential guiding component; 704, sliding groove; 705, sliding rod; 706, gear; 707, rack; 7021, guiding rod two; 7022, guiding groove two; 7031, L - shaped rod; 7032, limiting sleeve; 801, reciprocating component; 802, drive motor; 803, moving component; 8011, L - shaped frame; 8012, disc; 8013, connecting rod; 8014, reciprocating rod; 8015, C - shaped rail; 8031, reset spring two; 8032, moving block; 8033, moving rod; 901, rotating shaft; 902, bushing; 903, control motor. Specific Embodiments

[0033] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is for enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed can be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification. Each example can omit, substitute or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 , in this embodiment, a friction and wear testing machine is proposed, which includes a machine body 1. A support plate 3 and a workbench 2 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine body 1 and are distributed vertically. The workbench 2 is used to place the test block 14. A cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 3. The output end of the cylinder 4 slidably penetrates through the support plate 3 and is fixedly installed with a driving plate 5. At the bottom of the driving plate 5, a guiding and testing unit 7, a reciprocating unit 8 and a plurality of self-avoiding and adjusting units 6 distributed circumferentially are provided. The self-avoiding and adjusting unit 6 includes an adjusting component 601, a control component 602 for controlling the adjusting component 601 and a control groove 603 cooperating with the control component 602. The guiding and testing unit 7 includes a plurality of test heads 701 distributed circumferentially, a plurality of reciprocating guiding components 702 distributed circumferentially and a circumferential guiding component 703. The reciprocating unit 8 includes a reciprocating component 801 and a plurality of moving components 803 distributed circumferentially.

[0035] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the control unit 9 includes a rotating shaft 901 rotatably installed at the bottom of the driving plate 5 and a control motor 903 fixedly installed at the top of the driving plate 5. The output end of the control motor 903 rotatably penetrates through the driving plate 5 and is connected to the rotating shaft 901 by means of gear transmission.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , two stoppers one 12 are fixedly installed symmetrically in the front and back on the top of the workbench 2, and a stopper two 13 is fixedly installed on the left side of the two stoppers one 12. Between the two stoppers one 12 is used to place the test block 14. The front and back positions of the test block 14 can be fixed by the stopper one 12. The stopper two 13 is located on the left side of the two stoppers one 12 and is used to press against the left side of the test block 14. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 901 is rotatably installed with a rotating plate 10, and a wedge-shaped ring 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating plate 10.

[0037] During specific use, first place the test block 14 to be detected between the two stoppers one 12 and make the left side of the test block 14 abut against the stopper two 13. Under the action of the two stoppers one 12, the front and back positions of the test block 14 can be restricted. Then, start the cylinder 4. The output end of the cylinder 4 pushes the driving plate 5 to move downward, driving the rotating plate 10 to move downward, thereby driving the wedge-shaped ring 11 to move downward, and further driving the wedge-shaped ring 11 to squeeze the test block 14, clamping the test block 14 on the stopper two 13 for fixation, ensuring that the position of the test block 14 on the workbench 2 is accurate and avoiding deviation or inclination during the test.

[0038] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9, the adjusting assembly 601 includes a mounting sleeve 6011 and a sliding rod 6012 slidably mounted within the mounting sleeve 6011. A slide rail 6013 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding rod 6012. The moving assembly 803 includes a second return spring 8031 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide rail 6013 near the rotating shaft 901 and a moving block 8032 fixedly installed at the other end of the second return spring 8031. A moving rod 8033 slidably penetrating the slide rail 6013 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving block 8032 away from the second return spring 8031.

[0039] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the reciprocating assembly 801 includes an L-shaped frame 8011 fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate 5 and a disc 8012 rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame 8011. An eccentric connecting rod 8013 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc 8012. A reciprocating rod 8014 is rotatably installed at the top of the connecting rod 8013. A U-shaped rail 8015 is fixedly installed on the right side of the L-shaped frame 8011 through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod 8014 is slidably connected within the U-shaped rail 8015. A driving motor 802 is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame 8011. The bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor 802 slidably penetrates the L-shaped frame 8011 and is fixedly connected to the disc 8012.

[0040] Refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , three test heads 701 are provided. The three test heads 701 are respectively a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head, and a rotational friction test head. The bottom of the rolling friction test head is a rolling steel ball. The adjusting assembly 601 and the moving assembly 803 are provided in three. The sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of two of the moving blocks 8032, and the rotational friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the other moving block 8032.

[0041] Refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , a chute 704 is formed on the front side of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A slide bar 705 slidably connected to the chute 704 is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block 8032 corresponding to the rotational friction test head. A rack 707 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slide bar 705. A gear 706 engaged with the rack 707 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotational friction test head.

[0042] It should be noted that a pressure sensor is provided on the test head 701 for measuring the pressure applied to the test block 14.

[0043] During specific use, after clamping the test block 14 on the second stop block 13 for fixation, the sliding friction test is started (at this time, the sliding friction test head is in contact with the test block 14). The driving motor 802 is started, and the output shaft of the driving motor 802 rotates to drive the disc 8012 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting rod 8013 eccentrically arranged with the disc 8012 to drive the reciprocating rod 8014 to move left and right reciprocally within the U-shaped rail 8015. During the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating rod 8014, when the reciprocating rod 8014 moves to the right, it will squeeze the moving rod 8033 located on the left side at this time, causing the moving rod 8033 to drive the moving block 8032 to move to the right and squeeze the second return spring 8031. When the reciprocating rod 8014 moves to the left, the second return spring 8031 resets, driving the moving block 8032 to move to the left. This cycle is repeated, so that the rotary friction test head reciprocates on the top of the test block 14 to conduct the sliding friction test.

[0044] After the sliding friction test is completed, first control the driving motor 802 to stop, and then control the air cylinder 4 to contract, driving the driving plate 5 to move upward, thereby driving the wedge-shaped ring 11 to move upward to release the fixation of the test block 14. Then, take out the test block 14, measure the mass change of the test block 14 before and after the test by the weighing method, calculate the wear amount. Then, place the new test block 14 between the two first stop blocks 12. Next, control the output end of the air cylinder 4 to push the driving plate 5 downward again to fix the new test block 14. During the process of the driving plate 5 moving downward to drive the wedge-shaped ring 11 to fix the test block 14, start the control motor 903. The output shaft of the control motor 903 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 901 to rotate through the gear transmission method. As the rotating shaft 901 rotates, it will drive the sliding friction test head to move away from above the new test block 14, and at the same time, the rotary friction test head rotates towards the side close to the new test block 14. After the wedge-shaped ring 11 clamps the new test block 14 on the second stop block, the output end of the air cylinder 4 stops. At the same time, as the rotating shaft 901 continues to rotate, it will drive the rotary friction test head to continue to rotate towards the side close to the new test block 14, and the sliding rod 6012 slides along the control groove 603, first driving the rotary friction test head to move upward to above the test block 14, and then when the rotary friction test head moves to directly above the test block 14, the sliding rod 6012 cooperates with the control assembly 602 and the control groove 603 to drive the rotary friction test head to move downward and press tightly on the top of the test block 14. Then, drive the reciprocating rod 8014 to push the moving rod 8033 to reciprocate again through the driving motor 802, so that the moving block 8032 reciprocates. As the moving block 8032 reciprocates, it will drive the rack 707 to reciprocally drive the gear 706, thereby driving the rotary friction test head to reciprocally rotate on the top of the test block 14 to conduct the rotary friction test.

[0045] Next, repeat the above operation. Take out the test block 14 that has completed the rotational friction test and replace it with a new test block 14 for the rolling friction test. During the rolling friction test, the rolling friction test head reciprocates to drive the rolling steel balls at its bottom to roll back and forth on the top of the test block 14 to conduct the rolling friction test. In the whole test, the reciprocating assembly 801 and the moving assembly 803 are used in cooperation to control and drive the three types of friction tests, thus simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, eliminating the need to set up separate drives for each type of friction test, reducing mechanical complexity and maintenance difficulty, and at the same time reducing the manufacturing and use costs.

[0046] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , a bushing 902 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft 901. The adjusting assembly 601 further includes a guiding rod one 6014 fixedly installed on one side of the sliding rail 6013 close to the bushing 902 and a guiding groove one 6015 opened on the outer side of the bushing 902 and slidably matched with the guiding rod one 6014.

[0047] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the control assembly 602 includes an L-shaped plate 6021 fixedly installed on one side of the mounting sleeve 6011 away from the bushing 902 through a mounting rod. A reset sleeve 6023 is fixedly installed on the bottom top wall of the L-shaped plate 6021 through a first reset spring 6022. The reset sleeve 6023 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 6012. A fixing ring 6024 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the driving plate 5. A control groove 603 matched with the sliding rod 6012 is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring 6024.

[0048] Refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the control groove 603 is composed of a lower flat section 6031, a lifting section 6032, an upper flat section 6033 and a vertical section 6034 that are communicated with each other. When the rotating shaft 901 rotates to switch to the next test head 701, the next sliding rod 6012 first slides up along the lifting section 6032 from the horizontal section and enters the upper flat section 6033 for horizontal rotation, and finally enters the vertical section 6034 from the upper flat section 6033 and moves down to drive the test head 701 to closely adhere to the test block 14.

[0049] During specific use, when rotating and switching the rotary friction test head, the rotation of the rotating shaft 901 drives the rotary friction test head to rotate towards the side close to the new test block 14, and the sliding rod 6012 gradually slides from the lower flat section 6031 of the control groove 603 through the lifting section 6032 to the upper flat section 6033 and stretches the first return spring 6022. As a result, the slide rail 6013 drives the rotary friction test head to move upward to above the test block 14 through the moving block 8032. Then, when the sliding rod 6012 moves to the vertical section 6034, the first return spring 6022 resets and drives the slide rail 6013 to move downward, thereby driving the rotary friction test head to move downward and press tightly on the top of the test block 14. During this process, when the slide rail 6013 moves up and down, it drives the first guide rod 6014 to slide along the first guide groove 6015. Under the action of the first guide rod 6014 and the first guide groove 6015, the slide rail 6013 can be guided, ensuring that the slide rail 6013 always moves in a straight line during the up and down movement, avoiding affecting the coaxiality between the test head 701 and the test block 14 due to the deviation of the slide rail 6013, ensuring the correct alignment between the rotary friction test head and the test block 14, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0050] Refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The reciprocating guiding assembly 702 includes two second guide rods 7021 symmetrically installed on the corresponding moving blocks 8032 of the rolling friction test head and the rotary friction test head. Two symmetrically arranged front and rear guiding grooves 7022 are formed on the corresponding slide rails 6013 of the rolling friction test head and the rotary friction test head. The second guide rods 7021 are slidably connected in the corresponding guiding grooves 7022, and the bottom ends of the second guide rods 7021 extend to be close to the workbench 2.

[0051] During the process of rotating and switching the sliding friction test head or the rolling friction test head, when the slide rail 6013 moves downward to drive the test head 701 to move downward and press tightly on the top of the test block 14, it also drives the second guide rods 7021 to move downward and be symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the test block 14, and at the same time, the second guide rods 7021 are in close contact with the test block 14.

[0052] Refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The circumferential guiding assembly 703 includes an L-shaped rod 7031 fixedly installed at the rear side of the slide rail 6013 corresponding to the rotary friction test head and a limiting sleeve 7032 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the L-shaped rod 7031 and rotatably sleeved outside the rotary friction test head.

[0053] During specific use, when the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head are reciprocating, the movement of the corresponding moving blocks 8032 of the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head will drive the second guiding rod 7021 to move synchronously, so that the second guiding rod 7021 slides along the front and rear side walls of the test block 14, thereby guiding the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head, providing additional support and guidance, ensuring that the rolling friction test head and the sliding friction test head always remain coaxial with the test block 14 during reciprocating movement, making the contact between the test head 701 and the test block 14 more stable, the contact surface wear more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration and uneven wear caused by misalignment, and thus improving the accuracy of friction force measurement.

[0054] During the rotational friction test of the rotational friction test head, the limit sleeve 7032 can limit the radial and axial movement of the rotational friction test head, ensure that the rotational friction test head maintains a fixed axis during rotation, reduce the error caused by offset, and thus greatly improve the accuracy of the rotational friction test.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction and wear testing machine, characterized in that: Comprising: A machine body, on the inner wall of which a support plate distributed vertically and a workbench for placing test blocks are fixedly installed. On the top of the support plate, a cylinder is fixedly installed. The output end of the cylinder slidably penetrates through the support plate and is fixedly installed with a driving plate. At the bottom of the driving plate, a guiding and testing unit, a reciprocating unit and a self-avoiding and adjusting unit are provided; The self-avoiding and adjusting unit includes an adjusting component, a control component for controlling the adjusting component and a control groove cooperating with the control component. A plurality of the adjusting components and the control components are both arranged in a circumferential distribution. The guiding and testing unit includes a plurality of test heads arranged in a circumferential distribution, a plurality of reciprocating guiding components arranged in a circumferential distribution and a circumferential guiding component. The reciprocating unit includes a reciprocating component and a plurality of moving components arranged in a circumferential distribution. The reciprocating component is set to be 1, and the moving components are arranged corresponding to the test heads; The control unit includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed at the bottom of the driving plate. The adjusting component includes a mounting sleeve and a sliding rod slidably installed in the mounting sleeve. At the bottom end of the sliding rod, a slide rail is fixedly installed. The moving component includes a moving block fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide rail close to one side of the rotating shaft through a second return spring. On the side of the moving block away from the second return spring, a moving rod slidably penetrating through the slide rail is fixedly installed; The control unit is used for controlling the rotational switching of different test heads. The reciprocating component cooperates with the moving components to drive the reciprocating friction test of the test heads.

2. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer side of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a shaft sleeve. The adjusting component further includes a first guiding rod fixedly installed on the slide rail close to one side of the shaft sleeve and a first guiding groove opened on the outer side of the shaft sleeve and slidably cooperating with the first guiding rod.

3. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control component includes an L-shaped plate fixedly installed on the side of the mounting sleeve away from the shaft sleeve through a mounting rod. On the bottom top wall of the L-shaped plate, a return sleeve is fixedly installed through a first return spring. The return sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod. A fixing ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the driving plate, and a control groove cooperating with the sliding rod is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring.

4. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control groove is composed of a lower horizontal section, a lifting section, an upper horizontal section and a vertical section which are communicated with each other. When switching to the next test head, when the rotating shaft rotates, the next sliding rod first slides upward along the lifting section from the horizontal section and enters the upper horizontal section for horizontal rotation, and finally enters the vertical section from the upper horizontal section and moves downward, driving the test head to closely adhere to the test block.

5. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating component includes an L-shaped frame fixedly installed on the left side of the driving plate and a disc rotatably installed at the bottom of the L-shaped frame. An eccentrically arranged connecting rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the disc. The top of the connecting rod is rotatably installed with a reciprocating rod. On the right side of the L-shaped frame, a C-shaped rail is fixedly installed through a connecting rod. The reciprocating rod is slidably connected in the C-shaped rail. A driving motor is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped frame. The bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor slidably penetrates through the L-shaped frame and is fixedly connected with the disc.

6. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test heads are set to be three, namely a sliding friction test head, a rolling friction test head and a rotational friction test head. The adjusting components are set to be three. The sliding friction test head and the rolling friction test head are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of two of the moving blocks. The rotational friction test head is rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide rail corresponding to the other moving block.

7. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating guide assembly includes two guide rods symmetrically installed on the moving blocks corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. Two guide grooves symmetrically arranged in front and back are provided on the slide rails corresponding to the rolling friction test head and the rotating friction test head. The guide rods are slidably connected in the corresponding guide grooves, and the bottom ends of the guide rods extend close to the workbench.

8. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circumferential guide assembly comprises an L-shaped rod fixedly mounted on the rear side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotary friction test head and a limiting sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the L-shaped rod and rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the rotary friction test head.

9. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slide groove is provided on the front side of the slide rail corresponding to the rotary friction test head, a slide rod slidably connected to the slide groove is fixedly installed on the front side of the moving block corresponding to the rotary friction test head, a rack is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the slide rod, and a gear matching the rack is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the rotary friction test head.

10. A friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a control motor fixedly installed on the top of the driving plate, the output end of the control motor rotates through the driving plate and is connected to the rotating shaft through gear transmission, a block 2 and two block 1s symmetrical in front and back are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, a test block is placed between the two block 1s, the front and rear positions of the test block can be fixed by the block 1, the block 2 is located on the left side of the two block 1s, and is used to press against the left side of the test block, a rotating plate is rotatably installed on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a wedge ring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating plate.

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