Method, apparatus, processor and electronic device for spectral line separation of a gas

Abstract

The application discloses a spectrum line separation method and device of a gas, a processor and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of absorption windows, wherein the plurality of absorption windows absorb light by using a plurality of gases, and the plurality of gases exist in the absorption windows; determining a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the confidence of a feature in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence of a feature in an absorption window other than the target absorption window among the plurality of absorption windows; determining the intensity of light absorbed by a plurality of target gases respectively in the target absorption window, wherein the plurality of target gases exist in the target absorption window; and separating a sub-spectrum line of each target gas in the plurality of target gases from a spectrum line in the target absorption window based on the intensity. The application solves the technical problem of high overlap of an absorption spectrum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of absorption spectroscopy, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, processor, and electronic device for separating spectral lines of a gas. Background Technology

[0002] Each gas typically has multiple absorption lines. Due to molecular collisions, Doppler shifts, and the influence of measuring instruments, the linewidth of the spectral lines will broaden, causing the absorption spectra to overlap between adjacent spectral lines, thus leading to the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the technical problem of high overlap in the absorption spectra mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, processor, and electronic device for separating gas spectral lines, to at least solve the technical problem of high overlap in absorption spectra.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for predicting the properties of current in a conductive medium is provided. The method includes: acquiring a plurality of absorption windows, wherein the plurality of absorption windows absorb light using a plurality of gases, and the plurality of gases are present in the absorption windows; determining a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the confidence level of features in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence level of features in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window; determining the intensity of light absorbed by a plurality of target gases in the target absorption window, wherein the target absorption window contains a plurality of target gases; and separating a sub-spectral line of each of the plurality of target gases from the spectral lines in the target absorption window based on the intensity.

[0006] Optionally, determining a target absorption window from multiple absorption windows includes: determining a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of the multiple absorption windows, wherein the intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the first channel is higher than the intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the second channel; and determining the target absorption window based on the first channel and the second channel.

[0007] Optionally, determining the target absorption window based on the first and second channels includes: inputting the number of the first and second channels into a prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence scores of features in multiple absorption windows, wherein the prediction model is used to at least represent the mapping relationship between the number of the first and second channels and the confidence scores of features in multiple absorption windows; determining a target confidence score from the confidence scores of features in the multiple absorption windows, wherein the target confidence score is greater than any confidence score other than the target confidence score among the confidence scores of features in the multiple absorption windows; and determining the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence score as the target absorption window.

[0008] Optionally, based on intensity, sub-spectral lines of each target gas are separated from the spectral lines within the target absorption window, including: analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of the multiple target gases, wherein the peaks represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by the multiple target gases in the spectral lines, and the positions represent the frequencies in the spectral lines that satisfy the maximum intensity; and separating the sub-spectral lines from the spectral lines based on intensity and position.

[0009] Optionally, based on intensity and position, sub-spectral lines are separated from the spectral lines, including: correcting the spectral lines using a baseline, wherein the baseline is used to represent information about the interference of the environment in which the target absorption window is located on the spectral lines; and separating the sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position.

[0010] Optionally, based on intensity and position, sub-spectral lines are separated from the corrected spectral lines, including: inputting intensity and position into a separation model for separation to obtain separation results, wherein the separation model is used to represent the mapping relationship between intensity, position and separation results, and the separation results are used to represent the relationship between the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas in multiple target gases and the frequency that satisfies the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas; and using the separation results to separate sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a gas spectral line separation apparatus is provided. The apparatus may include: an acquisition unit for acquiring a plurality of absorption windows, wherein the plurality of absorption windows utilize a plurality of gases to absorb light, and the absorption windows contain a plurality of gases; a first determination unit for determining a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the confidence level of a feature in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence level of a feature in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window; a second determination unit for determining the intensity of light absorbed by a plurality of target gases in the target absorption window, wherein the target absorption window contains a plurality of target gases; and a separation unit for separating a sub-spectral line of each of the plurality of target gases from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window based on the intensity.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a processor is also provided. The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program, when run by the processor, performs the gas spectral line separation method of the present invention.

[0013] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes the gas spectral line separation method of various embodiments of the present invention during runtime.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the gas spectral line separation method of the present invention.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product including a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method of the present invention.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method of the present invention.

[0017] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] In this embodiment of the invention, when separating the spectral lines of a gas, multiple absorption windows can be obtained. From the obtained multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window can be determined. Within the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined. Based on the determined intensity, sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window. This achieves the goal of avoiding the phenomenon of overlapping absorption spectra between adjacent spectral lines, thereby solving the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a gas spectral line separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the original spectral lines of a gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the original spectral lines within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the original spectrum after differentiation within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the corrected original spectrum within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the separated spectral lines within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a gas spectral line separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for spectral line separation of a gas is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a gas spectral line separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may include the following steps:

[0031] Step S101: Obtain multiple absorption windows.

[0032] In the technical solution provided in step S101 of the present invention, the plurality of absorption windows can utilize various gases to absorb light. Various gases can be present in the absorption windows. These various gases can be, but are not limited to, trace gases; this is merely an example and not a specific limitation.

[0033] In this embodiment, at least one of the following gases may be present in the absorption window: CO and CO2, etc. That is, the above-mentioned multiple absorption windows can utilize various gases such as CO and CO2 to absorb light. The gases mentioned here are only illustrative and are not specifically limited.

[0034] In this embodiment, multiple absorption windows are obtained. Optionally, this embodiment divides the gas spectral lines to obtain multiple spectral segments. The range of each spectral segment is defined as an absorption window, thereby obtaining multiple absorption windows.

[0035] Step S102: Determine the target absorption window from multiple absorption windows.

[0036] In the technical solution provided by step S102 of the present invention, the confidence level of the feature in the target absorption window can be higher than the confidence level of the feature in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window in multiple absorption windows.

[0037] In this embodiment, the aforementioned confidence level can be obtained by scoring multiple absorption windows using a prediction model. Each absorption window contains at least one channel, which may include a first channel and a second channel. The intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the first channel may be higher than the intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the second channel. For example, frequencies where the intensity of absorbed light is higher than the full width at half maximum (FWHM) can be designated as strong absorption channels at the center of the spectral line, while frequencies where the intensity of absorbed light is lower than FWHM can be designated as weak absorption channels at the edge of the spectral line. This is merely an example and not a specific limitation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the prediction model described above can be used to represent at least the mapping relationship between the number of first channels, the number of second channels, and the confidence levels of features in multiple absorption windows.

[0039] In this embodiment, the above features may include at least: the intensity of light absorbed by the gas (also referred to as absorbance) and the frequency of the light.

[0040] In this embodiment, after acquiring multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window is determined from these windows. Optionally, based on acquiring multiple absorption windows, this embodiment can determine at least one channel of the multiple absorption windows. The target absorption window can be determined based on the determined at least one channel of the multiple absorption windows. That is, by dividing the channels according to the intensity of light absorbed by various gases in the channels, a first channel and a second channel can be obtained, and the target absorption window can be determined based on the divided first channel and second channel.

[0041] Step S103: In the target absorption window, determine the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases respectively.

[0042] In the technical solution provided in step S103 of the present invention, the target absorption window may contain multiple target gases. For example, the target absorption window may contain at least one of the following gases: CO and CO2, etc. That is to say, the target absorption window can utilize multiple gases such as CO and CO2 to absorb light. The gases mentioned here are only illustrative examples and are not specifically limited.

[0043] In this embodiment, after determining the target absorption window from multiple absorption windows, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases within the target absorption window is determined. Optionally, based on the determined target absorption window, this embodiment uses a fitting model to perform multi-peak fitting on the data pairs existing in the target absorption window to obtain the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases within the target absorption window. The data pairs can consist of the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases and the frequency of the light. The fitting model can be implemented based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm; this algorithm is only illustrative and not specifically limited.

[0044] Step S104: Based on intensity, separate the sub-spectral lines of each target gas from the spectral lines within the target absorption window.

[0045] In the technical solution provided in step S104 of the present invention, after determining the intensity of light absorbed by multiple target gases in the target absorption window, a sub-spectral line of each target gas is separated from the spectral lines in the target absorption window based on the intensity. Optionally, in this embodiment, based on determining the intensity of light absorbed by multiple target gases, the position of the peak of each target gas can be determined from the spectral lines in the target absorption window. According to the determined position of the peak of each target gas, a sub-spectral line of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines. The peak value can be used to represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by the multiple target gases in the spectral line, and the position can be used to represent the frequency in the spectral line that satisfies the maximum intensity.

[0046] In steps S101 to S104 of this application, when separating the spectral lines of the gas, multiple absorption windows can be obtained. From the obtained multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window can be determined. In the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined. Based on the determined intensity, the sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines in the target absorption window. This achieves the purpose of avoiding the phenomenon of absorption spectrum overlap between adjacent spectral lines, thereby solving the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra.

[0047] The method described in this embodiment will be further described below.

[0048] As an optional embodiment, step S102, determining the target absorption window from multiple absorption windows, includes: determining a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of the multiple absorption windows respectively; and determining the target absorption window based on the first channel and the second channel.

[0049] In this embodiment, the intensity of light absorption by multiple gases in the first channel can be higher than the intensity of light absorption by multiple gases in the second channel. For example, the first channel can be a strong absorption channel, and the second channel can be a weak absorption channel. This is only an example and is not a specific limitation.

[0050] In this embodiment, after obtaining multiple absorption windows, a first channel and a second channel are determined from at least one channel of each absorption window. Optionally, based on obtaining multiple absorption windows, this embodiment can determine at least one channel of each absorption window. The channels are divided according to the intensity of light absorption by various gases, thus obtaining a first channel and a second channel. For example, a strong absorption channel and a weak absorption channel can be obtained; this is merely an example and not a specific limitation.

[0051] In this embodiment, after determining a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window is determined based on the first channel and the second channel. Optionally, this embodiment can determine the number of first channels and the number of second channels based on the determined first channels and second channels. The determined number of first channels and the number of second channels are input into a prediction model for prediction, thereby determining the target absorption window.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, determining the target absorption window based on the first channel and the second channel includes: inputting the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into the prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence of features in multiple absorption windows; determining the target confidence from the confidence of features in the multiple absorption windows; and determining the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence as the target absorption window.

[0053] In this embodiment, the prediction model described above can be used to represent at least the mapping relationship between the number of first channels, the number of second channels, and the confidence levels of features in multiple absorption windows. The target confidence level can be greater than any confidence level among the features in the multiple absorption windows except for the target confidence level.

[0054] In this embodiment, after determining the first channel and the second channel from at least one channel of multiple absorption windows, the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel are input into the prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence levels of the features in the multiple absorption windows. Optionally, this embodiment can determine the number of the first channel and the second channel based on their determination. Inputting the determined number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into the prediction model for prediction yields the confidence levels of the features in the multiple absorption windows.

[0055] Optionally, the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel are input into the prediction model for prediction, and the confidence of the features in multiple absorption windows can be obtained by the following equations (1) to (7):

[0056]

[0057] Among them, for formulas (1) and (2), x ij This can be used to represent the original value of the i-th frequency signal under the j-th characteristic index, where the characteristic index may include absorption peak height, absorption peak area, absorption bandwidth, and absorption intensity at the center wavelength. For formulas (3) and (4), p ij It can be used to represent the proportion of the i-th frequency signal on the j-th characteristic index, m can be used to represent the total number of evaluation objects, E j The information entropy that can be used to represent the j-th feature index This can be used to ensure that the entropy value is between 0 and 1, if p ij =0, then p ij ln(p ij ) = 0. Regarding formula (5), w j S can be used to represent the weight of the j-th feature indicator, and n can be used to represent the total number of feature indicators. If the information entropy of the j-th feature indicator is smaller, it means that the information content of the j-th feature indicator is larger, and the weight of the j-th feature indicator is also larger. For formula (6), S i It can be used to represent the sum score of frequency sampling points. Regarding formula (7), It can be used to represent strong absorption channels. It can be used to represent weak absorption channels, and broad can be used to represent the total number of channels in the m-th absorption window. It can be used to represent the number of strong absorption channels. The number of weak absorption channels can be represented by α, and the adjustment factor can be represented by α. When α = 0 in formula (7), the absorption window is determined only by the strong absorption channels and the weak absorption channels are ignored. When α = 1 in formula (7), the absorption window is determined by both the strong and weak absorption channels. The value of the adjustment factor α can be determined empirically or obtained through feedback on the confidence level of the feature (also known as the evaluation result).

[0058] In this embodiment, after inputting the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into the prediction model for prediction and obtaining the confidence levels of features in multiple absorption windows, a target confidence level is determined from the confidence levels of the features in the multiple absorption windows. Optionally, in this embodiment, based on obtaining the confidence levels of features in multiple absorption windows, the maximum confidence level among the confidence levels of features in the multiple absorption windows is determined as the target confidence level.

[0059] In this embodiment, after determining the target confidence level from the confidence levels of the features in the plurality of absorption windows, the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence level is determined as the target absorption window.

[0060] As an optional embodiment, step S104, based on intensity, separates the sub-spectral lines of each target gas from the spectral lines within the target absorption window, including: analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of the multiple target gases; and separating the sub-spectral lines from the spectral lines based on intensity and position.

[0061] In this embodiment, the aforementioned peak value can be used to represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by various target gases within the spectral line. The aforementioned position can be used to represent the frequency within the spectral line that satisfies the maximum intensity.

[0062] In this embodiment, the above analysis can be, but is not limited to, a second-order derivative operation. This is only an example and is not specifically limited.

[0063] In this embodiment, after determining the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases within the target absorption window, the spectral lines are analyzed to obtain the positions of the peak values ​​of the various target gases. Optionally, this embodiment, based on determining the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases, analyzes the spectral lines within the target absorption window to obtain the positions of the peak values ​​of the various target gases; that is, it can obtain the frequencies in the aforementioned spectral lines that satisfy the maximum intensity of light absorption by the various target gases.

[0064] In this embodiment, after analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of various target gases, sub-spectral lines are separated from the spectral lines based on their intensity and position. Optionally, based on determining the positions of the peaks of various target gases, this embodiment corrects the spectral lines located within the target absorption window, and from the corrected spectral lines, sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated.

[0065] As an optional embodiment, separating sub-spectral lines from spectral lines based on intensity and position includes: correcting the spectral lines using a baseline; and separating sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position.

[0066] In this embodiment, the aforementioned baseline can be used to represent information about how the environment in which the target absorption window is located interferes with the spectral lines.

[0067] In this embodiment, the above correction operation can be implemented based on adaptive sparse partial least squares (asPLS). The algorithm is only used as an example and is not specifically limited.

[0068] In this embodiment, after analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the peak positions of various target gases, the spectral lines are corrected using a baseline. Optionally, this embodiment, based on determining the peak positions of various target gases, uses a baseline to correct the spectral lines within the target absorption window. That is, by subtracting the baseline from the spectral lines within the target absorption window, the error caused by baseline drift in the absorption spectrum can be eliminated.

[0069] Alternatively, the spectral lines within the target absorption window can be corrected using the baseline by the following equations (8) to (10):

[0070] A1=(W+λD T D) -1 WA0 (8)

[0071]

[0072] In formula (8), A0 can represent the spectral line within the target absorption window, A1 can represent the fitted baseline signal, D can represent the coefficients of the second-order difference matrix, W can represent the diagonal matrix of the weight vector, and the initial value of W can represent the unit vector. Regarding formula (9), This can be used to represent the standard deviation of the dataset when the difference between the scanned absorption spectrum and the fitted spectrum is negative. It is iterated according to formula (9), when |WW i-1 | / |W i-1 When | < ε, the iteration ends. For formula (10), n can be used to represent the number of absorption spectrum samples obtained from the spectrometer.

[0073] In this embodiment, after correcting the spectral lines using a baseline, sub-spectral lines are separated from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position. Optionally, in this embodiment, based on the spectral line correction, sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines located within the target absorption window based on the intensity of the light absorbed by the various target gases and the position of the peaks of the various target gases.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the sub-spectral lines are separated from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position, including: inputting the intensity and position into a separation model for separation to obtain a separation result; and using the separation result to separate the sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines.

[0075] In this embodiment, the separation model described above is used to represent the mapping relationship between intensity, position and separation result, and the separation result is used to represent the relationship between the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas among multiple target gases and the frequency that satisfies the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas.

[0076] In this embodiment, after correcting the spectral lines using a baseline, the intensity and position are input into a separation model for separation to obtain the separation result. Optionally, in this embodiment, based on the spectral line correction, the intensity of the absorbed light from multiple target gases and the position of the peak values ​​of multiple target gases are input into the separation layer of the separation model for separation to obtain the separation result, which is then output by the output layer of the separation model.

[0077] Alternatively, within the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined using the following equations (11) to (13):

[0078]

[0079] For formulas (11) and (12), v=(Δv 01 ,Δγ1,ΔH1, ...,Δv 0n ,Δγ n ΔH n ), P = (v 01 , γ1, H1, ..., v 0n γ n H n P can be used to represent the position of each point on the spectral line within the target absorption window, and V can be used to represent the variation of each point. best It can be used to represent the historical best position of each point, g best It can be used to represent the historical best position of the spectral line, j can be used to represent the exponent of each point, t can be used to represent the exponent of the number of iterations, w can be used to represent the inertial weight, r1 and r2 can be used to represent two random values ​​generated independently in the range [0, 1], r1 and r2 can be used to introduce randomness, and c1 and c2 can be used to represent the acceleration coefficients that control the influence of personal cognition and global components.

[0080] Alternatively, for formula (13), F(P) can be used to represent the goodness of fit of point P. It can be used to represent the actual gas absorption spectrum of strong absorption channels. It can be used to represent the absorbance of the fitted curve at frequency vi. It can be used to represent the actual gas absorption spectrum of weak absorption channels. This can be used to represent the absorbance of the fitted curve at frequency vi. Wherein, and It can be calculated using formula (14). and It can be calculated using formula (16). θ1 and θ2 can be used to represent adjustment factors, and θ1+θ2=1.

[0081] Optionally, the intensity and location can be input into a separation model for separation, and the separation result can be obtained through the following equations (14) to (16):

[0082]

[0083] Optionally, for formula (14), I0(v) can be used to represent the incident laser intensity, and I(v) can be used to represent the transmitted laser intensity. For formula (15), a(v) can be used to represent the absorbance of a single gas absorption line at the laser frequency, s can be used to represent the absorption line intensity, g can be used to represent the line shape function, c can be used to represent the molecular number density, and l can be used to represent the effective absorption length. For formula (16), v0 can be used to represent the center frequency of the absorption line, γ i It can be used to represent the half-peak and half-width of an absorption line, and n can be used to represent the number of absorption spectral lines.

[0084] In this embodiment, after inputting the intensity and position into the separation model for separation and obtaining the separation result, sub-spectral lines are separated from the corrected spectral lines using the separation result. Optionally, in this embodiment, sub-spectral lines can be separated from the corrected spectral lines according to the relationship between the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas and the frequency that satisfies the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, when separating the spectral lines of a gas, multiple absorption windows can be obtained. From the obtained multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window can be determined. Within the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined. Based on the determined intensity, sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window. This achieves the goal of avoiding the phenomenon of overlapping absorption spectra between adjacent spectral lines, thereby solving the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra.

[0086] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0087] Each gas typically has multiple absorption lines. Due to molecular collisions, Doppler shifts, and the influence of measuring instruments, the linewidth of the spectral lines will broaden, causing the absorption spectra to overlap between adjacent spectral lines, thus leading to the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra.

[0088] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method for separating gas spectral lines. From multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window can be determined. Within the determined target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined. Based on the determined intensity, sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines within the target absorption window. This achieves the goal of avoiding the overlap of absorption spectra between adjacent spectral lines, thus solving the technical problem of high overlap in absorption spectra and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra.

[0089] In this embodiment, the original spectral lines of the gas can be as shown in Figure 2(a). Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the original spectral lines of a gas according to an embodiment of the present invention. When measuring multiple trace gas components, overlapping interference occurs between absorption spectral lines.

[0090] In this embodiment, in order to separate overlapping absorption lines, the following steps can be performed to separate the sub-spectral lines of each target gas from the spectral lines within the target absorption window:

[0091] Step S1: Determine the characteristic indicators used to evaluate the absorption spectral window. These characteristic indicators may include absorption peak height, absorption peak area, absorption bandwidth, and absorption intensity at the center wavelength.

[0092] After determining the characteristic indicators used to evaluate the absorption spectral window, proceed to step S2 to standardize the raw data.

[0093] In the technical solution provided by step S2 of the present invention, the original data is standardized according to formula (1) or formula (2) above.

[0094] After standardizing the original data, proceed to step S3 to standardize the performance indicators of the decision matrix array, which yields the proportion of the i-th frequency signal on the th feature indicator.

[0095] In the technical solution provided by step S3 of the present invention, the proportion of the i-th frequency signal on the i-th characteristic index can be obtained by calculating according to the above formula (3).

[0096] After standardizing the original data, proceed to step S4 to calculate the information entropy of the feature indicators.

[0097] In the technical solution provided by step S4 of the present invention, the information entropy of the feature index can be obtained by calculating according to the above formula (4).

[0098] After standardizing the original data, proceed to step S5, where the weights of the feature indicators are determined based on the information entropy of the feature indicators.

[0099] In the technical solution provided by step S5 of the present invention, the weight of the feature index can be obtained by calculating according to the above formula (5).

[0100] After standardizing the raw data, proceed to step S6, where the comprehensive score of the frequency sampling points can be determined based on the weights of the feature indicators.

[0101] In the technical solution provided by step S6 of the present invention, the comprehensive score of the frequency sampling points can be obtained by calculating according to the above formula (6).

[0102] After standardizing the raw data, proceed to step S7 to determine the target absorption window from multiple absorption windows.

[0103] In the technical solution provided in step S7 of the present invention, the target absorption window can be obtained by calculating according to the above formula (7). The size and position of the window can reflect which parts of the spectrum contain important absorption information. Using the algorithm shown in formula (7), the window with the highest evaluation score can be selected, thereby achieving the purpose of quantitative evaluation and preliminary screening of the absorption window of the gas absorption spectrum. Furthermore, for target gas detection, it can also determine which frequency ranges have the strongest absorption characteristics, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively identifying the presence and concentration of the gas.

[0104] After standardizing the original data, proceed to step S8 to perform second-order differentiation on the spectral lines within the target absorption window.

[0105] In the technical solution provided in step S8 of the present invention, the minimum position of the spectral line after the second derivative can correspond to the peak point of the sub-spectral line. That is, the number and center position of the peaks of the sub-spectral line can be determined by the distribution of the minimum values ​​of the second derivative.

[0106] In this embodiment, the original spectral lines in the window can be as shown in Figure 2(b). Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the original spectral lines in the window according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spectral lines selected in the form of a rectangle are the spectral lines in the target absorption window.

[0107] In this embodiment, the original spectrum after differentiation within the window can be as shown in Figure 3(a). Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the original spectrum after differentiation within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention. The minimum position of the spectrum after second-order differentiation is the peak point in the figure.

[0108] After standardizing the raw data, proceed to step S9, where the spectral lines within the target absorption window are corrected using the baseline.

[0109] In the technical solution provided in step S9 of the present invention, the spectral lines in the target absorption window can be corrected by calculating according to the above formulas (8) to (10). That is, by subtracting the baseline from the spectral lines in the target absorption window, the error caused by baseline drift of the absorption spectrum can be eliminated.

[0110] After standardizing the original data, proceed to step S10, where a fitting model based on particle swarm optimization is used to perform multi-peak fitting on the data pairs in the target absorption window, thereby obtaining the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases in the target absorption window.

[0111] In the technical solution provided by step S10 of the present invention, the above data can be composed of the intensity and frequency of light absorbed by various target gases.

[0112] In this embodiment, calculations are performed according to equations (11) to (13) above. That is, the optimal solution in the spectral line is searched by iteratively calculating the positions and changes of multiple points, thereby obtaining the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases within the target absorption window. In the initial stage of iteration, a larger inertial weight allows the point to search within a wider region, quickly obtaining an approximate solution. In the later stage of iteration, a smaller inertial weight is used to enhance the local search capability of the point, obtaining the optimal solution. The iteration stops when the optimal solution remains unchanged or the required number of iterations is reached.

[0113] After standardizing the raw data, proceed to step S11, where, based on the intensity of light absorbed by the various target gases, the sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines within the target absorption window.

[0114] In the technical solution provided by step S10 of the present invention, g best Substituting the final value in each dimension into formula (15) yields the sub-spectral lines of each target gas after separation.

[0115] In this embodiment, the separated spectral lines within the window can be as shown in Figure 3(c). Figure 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the separated spectral lines within a window according to an embodiment of the present invention. The three independent spectral lines are the sub-spectral lines of each target gas among the various target gases separated from the spectral lines in the target absorption window.

[0116] In this embodiment, when separating the spectral lines of the gas, multiple absorption windows can be obtained. From the obtained multiple absorption windows, a target absorption window can be determined. In the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases can be determined. Based on the determined intensity, the sub-spectral lines of each target gas can be separated from the spectral lines in the target absorption window. This achieves the goal of avoiding the phenomenon of overlapping absorption spectra between adjacent spectral lines, thereby solving the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra.

[0117] According to embodiments of the present invention, a gas spectral line separation device is also provided. It should be noted that this gas spectral line separation device can be used to perform one of the gas spectral line separation methods described in the embodiments.

[0118] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a gas spectral line separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the gas spectral line separation device 400 may include: an acquisition unit 401, a first determination unit 402, a second determination unit 403, and a separation unit 404.

[0119] The acquisition unit 401 is used to acquire multiple absorption windows, wherein the multiple absorption windows utilize multiple gases to absorb light, and multiple gases are present in the absorption windows.

[0120] The first determining unit 402 is used to determine a target absorption window from multiple absorption windows, wherein the confidence level of the features in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence level of the features in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window.

[0121] The second determining unit 403 is used to determine the intensity of light absorbed by multiple target gases in the target absorption window, wherein multiple target gases are present in the target absorption window.

[0122] The separation unit 404 is used to separate sub-spectral lines of each target gas from spectral lines located in the target absorption window based on intensity.

[0123] Optionally, the first determining unit 402 may include: a first determining module, configured to determine a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of a plurality of absorption windows, wherein the intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the first channel is higher than the intensity of light absorbed by multiple gases in the second channel; and a second determining module, configured to determine a target absorption window based on the first channel and the second channel.

[0124] Optionally, the second determining module may include: a prediction submodule, used to input the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into the prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence scores of features in multiple absorption windows, wherein the prediction model is used to at least represent the mapping relationship between the number of the first channel, the number of the second channel and the confidence scores of features in multiple absorption windows; a first determining submodule, used to determine a target confidence score from the confidence scores of features in the multiple absorption windows, wherein the target confidence score is greater than any confidence score other than the target confidence score among the confidence scores of features in the multiple absorption windows; and a second determining submodule, used to determine the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence score as the target absorption window.

[0125] Optionally, the separation unit 404 may include: a resolution module for resolving the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of various target gases, wherein the peaks represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by the various target gases in the spectral lines, and the positions represent the frequencies in the spectral lines that satisfy the maximum intensity; and a separation module for separating sub-spectral lines from the spectral lines based on the intensity and position.

[0126] Optionally, the separation module may include: a correction submodule for correcting the spectral lines using a baseline, wherein the baseline is used to represent information about the interference of the environment in which the target absorption window is located on the spectral lines; and a separation submodule for separating sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position.

[0127] Optionally, the separation submodule can separate sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines based on intensity and position by performing the following steps: inputting intensity and position into the separation model for separation to obtain separation results, wherein the separation model is used to represent the mapping relationship between intensity, position and separation results, and the separation results are used to represent the relationship between the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas in multiple target gases and the frequency that satisfies the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas; using the separation results, separating sub-spectral lines from the corrected spectral lines.

[0128] In this embodiment, an acquisition unit is used to acquire multiple absorption windows, wherein the multiple absorption windows utilize multiple gases to absorb light, and multiple gases are present in the absorption windows; a first determination unit is used to determine a target absorption window from the multiple absorption windows, wherein the confidence level of the features in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence level of the features in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window; a second determination unit is used to determine the intensity of light absorbed by multiple target gases in the target absorption window, wherein multiple target gases are present in the target absorption window; and a separation unit is used to separate the sub-spectral lines of each target gas from the spectral lines in the target absorption window based on the intensity, thereby achieving the purpose of avoiding the phenomenon of absorption spectrum overlap between adjacent spectral lines, thus solving the technical problem of high overlap of absorption spectra, and achieving the technical effect of reducing the overlap of absorption spectra.

[0129] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a processor is also provided for running a program, wherein the program is executed by the processor to perform the gas spectral line separation method of the embodiment.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes the gas spectral line separation method in the embodiment during runtime.

[0131] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the gas spectral line separation method of the embodiment.

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product including a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method of the embodiment.

[0133] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method in the embodiment.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program is also provided, which, when executed by a processor, implements the gas spectral line separation method of the embodiment.

[0135] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0136] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0137] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0138] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0139] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0140] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0141] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating spectral lines of a gas, characterized in that, include: Multiple absorption windows are obtained, wherein the multiple absorption windows utilize multiple gases to absorb light, and the multiple gases are present in the absorption windows; From the plurality of absorption windows, a target absorption window is determined, wherein the confidence level of the features in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence levels of the features in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window. Within the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by various target gases is determined, wherein the various target gases are present within the target absorption window; Based on the intensity, sub-spectral lines of each target gas among the multiple target gases are separated from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window; The determination of a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows includes: determining a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of each of the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the intensity of light absorbed by the plurality of gases in the first channel is higher than the intensity of light absorbed by the plurality of gases in the second channel; inputting the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into a prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the prediction model is used to at least represent the mapping relationship between the number of the first channel, the number of the second channel, and the confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows; determining a target confidence level from the confidence levels of the features in the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the target confidence level is greater than any confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows other than the target confidence level; and determining the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence level as the target absorption window. Based on the intensity, separating a sub-spectral line of each of the multiple target gases from the spectral lines within the target absorption window includes: analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of the multiple target gases, wherein the peaks represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by the multiple target gases in the spectral lines, and the positions represent the frequencies in the spectral lines that satisfy the maximum intensity; and separating the sub-spectral lines from the spectral lines based on the intensity and the positions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the intensity and the position, separating the sub-spectral line from the spectral line includes: The spectral lines are corrected using a baseline, wherein the baseline is used to represent information about the interference of the environment in which the target absorption window is located on the spectral lines; Based on the intensity and the position, the sub-spectral line is separated from the corrected spectral line.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the intensity and the position, the sub-spectral line is separated from the corrected spectral line, including: The intensity and the position are input into a separation model for separation to obtain a separation result. The separation model is used to represent the mapping relationship between the intensity, the position and the separation result. The separation result is used to represent the relationship between the intensity of light absorbed by each of the multiple target gases and the frequency that satisfies the intensity of light absorbed by each target gas. Using the separation results, the sub-spectral lines are separated from the corrected spectral lines.

4. A gas spectral line separation device, characterized in that, include: An acquisition unit is used to acquire multiple absorption windows, wherein the multiple absorption windows utilize multiple gases to absorb light, and the multiple gases are present in the absorption windows; The first determining unit is configured to determine a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the confidence level of the feature in the target absorption window is higher than the confidence level of the feature in the absorption windows other than the target absorption window in the plurality of absorption windows; The second determining unit is configured to determine, within the target absorption window, the intensity of light absorbed by a plurality of target gases, wherein the plurality of target gases are present in the target absorption window. A separation unit is configured to separate sub-spectral lines of each of the multiple target gases from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window based on the intensity. The first determining unit is configured to determine a target absorption window from the plurality of absorption windows by performing the following steps: determining a first channel and a second channel from at least one channel of the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the intensity of light absorbed by the plurality of gases in the first channel is higher than the intensity of light absorbed by the plurality of gases in the second channel; inputting the number of the first channel and the number of the second channel into a prediction model for prediction to obtain the confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the prediction model is configured to at least represent the mapping relationship between the number of the first channel, the number of the second channel and the confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows; determining a target confidence level from the confidence levels of the features in the plurality of absorption windows, wherein the target confidence level is greater than any confidence level of the features in the plurality of absorption windows other than the target confidence level; and determining the absorption window corresponding to the target confidence level as the target absorption window. The separation unit is configured to separate a sub-spectral line of each of the multiple target gases from the spectral lines located in the target absorption window based on the intensity by performing the following steps: analyzing the spectral lines to obtain the positions of the peaks of the multiple target gases, wherein the peaks represent the maximum intensity of light absorbed by the multiple target gases in the spectral lines, and the positions represent the frequencies in the spectral lines that satisfy the maximum intensity; and separating the sub-spectral lines from the spectral lines based on the intensity and the positions.

5. A processor, characterized in that, The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program, when run by the processor, performs the spectral line separation method for the gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, which stores executable programs; A processor for running the program, wherein the program, when running, performs the spectral line separation method for the gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored executable program, wherein, when the executable program is executed, it controls the device on which the storage medium is located to perform the spectral line separation method for the gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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