A method and system for optimizing the formation of a resonant cavity radiation structure of an array antenna

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the formation of a resonant cavity radiation structure of an array antenna, belonging to the field of antenna technology, and is used to achieve high gain of a beam by designing and optimizing the resonant cavity radiation structure in the array antenna. The method includes: an electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, and the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements, where M is the number of rows of the matrix and N is the number of columns of the matrix, and each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonant cavity structure; the electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1; for the i-th sub-array, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array, and when i traverses from 1 to K, a first antenna array is obtained; the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to a method and system for optimizing the formation of a resonant cavity radiation structure of an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] A resonant cavity antenna is a device that utilizes the frequency selection and energy storage characteristics of a resonant cavity to enhance the performance of an antenna. They are typically composed of a feed source, a ground plane, and a reflective layer, and are widely used in communication systems that require high gain and specific frequency selectivity.

[0003] Resonant cavity antennas have the following specific characteristics: High gain characteristic: Resonant cavity antennas are favored in many applications due to their high gain characteristics. For example, a Fabry - Perot (F - P) resonant cavity antenna significantly improves the antenna's gain by adding a partially reflective cover plate above the microstrip antenna and utilizing the resonant effect. Frequency band limitation: Traditional resonant cavity antennas belong to the category of narrow - band antennas, which means they have a narrow gain bandwidth. To broaden the operating frequency band, researchers have adopted various methods, such as optimizing the reflective layer structure and using multi - layer dielectrics to construct the reflective layer. Although these methods are effective, they increase the design complexity and manufacturing cost. Low - profile design: Low - profile antennas are very important in many modern applications, especially in devices with limited space. For example, a sub - wavelength resonant cavity antenna based on double - layer magnetic single - negative materials aims to overcome problems such as the narrow frequency band of traditional microstrip patch antennas while maintaining the low - profile characteristic, and is suitable for space applications such as spaceborne satellites. Multi - band operation: With the development of communication technology, the demand for antennas that can operate on multiple frequency bands has increased. The design of dual - band and multi - band resonant cavity antennas, such as a dual - band resonant cavity antenna loaded with dielectric and frequency - selective surface (FSS), enables the antenna to operate efficiently on different frequency bands and meet diverse communication needs. Special structure design: Certain application scenarios require the antenna to have a specific shape or function. For example, a cylindrical conformal FP resonant cavity antenna is designed for cylindrical carriers to ensure that the antenna performance matches the carrier shape. In addition, a folded waveguide resonant cavity antenna solves the problem of the large volume of traditional waveguide antennas through structural innovation and meets the requirements of miniaturized electronic products. Polarization characteristic: The polarization characteristic of an antenna has a significant impact on its performance. A broadband high - gain polarization - conversion F - P resonant cavity antenna combines high - gain and wide - band characteristics, and at the same time supports circular polarization, enhancing the anti - interference ability and the ability to adapt to complex electromagnetic environments.

[0004] Currently, resonant cavity antennas have been applied to multi - beam systems. In this case, how to ensure the high gain of the beam is a current research problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for optimizing the formation of a resonant cavity radiation structure of an array antenna, so as to achieve high gain of the beam by designing and optimizing the resonant cavity radiation structure in the array antenna.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an optimization method for forming a radiation structure of an array antenna resonator is provided, which is applied to an electronic device. The method includes: The electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, and the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements. M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, both M and N are integers greater than 1, and each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonator structure; The electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, and K is an integer greater than 1; For the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonators of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array. The grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array. When i traverses from 1 to K, a first antenna array is obtained; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonators of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array. The grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array.

[0008] Optionally, each antenna element is a rectangular structure of a hexahedron. A first slit is opened on the first surface of the rectangular structure. The first slit is parallel to the first side where the second surface of the rectangular structure intersects the first surface. The first slit and the internal cavity of the rectangular structure form a resonator structure. A feeding part is arranged on the third surface of the rectangular structure that intersects the first surface and is parallel to the second surface. The second side between the second surface and the third surface is perpendicular to the first slit. Optimizing the radiation structure of the resonator of the antenna element by the electronic device means that the electronic device adjusts the length of the second side of the antenna element.

[0009] Optionally, the i-th sub-array is a matrix sub-array including 2*2 antenna elements. The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonators of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array, including: The electronic device sets the structure of the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array so that the second side is the maximum length within a preset length range. When the second side of the target antenna element is set to the maximum length, the signal radiation range of the target antenna element is the largest; The electronic device combines the structure of the target antenna element with the structures of the second sides of at least two antenna elements at different lengths respectively to obtain a plurality of preselected sub-arrays; The at least two antenna elements are the antenna elements other than the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array, and the different lengths of the second side of any one of the at least two antenna elements are all the lengths within the preset length range; The electronic device simulates the first beam pattern of each of the plurality of preselected sub-arrays to obtain a plurality of first beam patterns; The electronic device determines the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of first beam patterns, and determines the preselected sub-array corresponding to the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the i-th optimized sub-array.

[0010] Optionally, when M = 2 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 2×4 matrix antenna array. When K = 2, the K sub-arrays are 2 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2×4 matrix antenna array. The second sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2×4 matrix antenna array. When i = 1, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the 2 antenna units located in the first column of the i-th sub-array. When i = 2, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the 2 antenna units located in the second column of the i-th sub-array.

[0011] Optionally, some of the antenna units in the first antenna array are 2 antenna units other than the target antenna units, and the remaining 6 antenna units in the first antenna array are the rest; the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some of the antenna units in the first antenna array to obtain the second antenna array, including: the electronic device combines the structures of the 6 antenna units with the structures of the second sides of the 2 antenna units at different lengths respectively to obtain a plurality of preselected antenna arrays; the structures of the 6 antenna units refer to the structures in the first antenna array; the different lengths of the second side of any one of the 2 antenna units are all the lengths within a preset length range; the electronic device simulates the second beam patterns of each of the plurality of preselected antenna arrays to obtain a plurality of second beam patterns; the electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array.

[0012] Optionally, the 2 antenna units include: the antenna unit located in the 3rd column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna unit located in the 4th column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, or; the 2 antenna units include: the antenna unit located in the 3rd column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna unit located in the 4th column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array.

[0013] Optionally, when M = 4 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 4×4 matrix antenna array. When K = 4, the K sub-arrays are 4 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The second sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The third sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The fourth sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. When i = 1, the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array is the antenna element located in the first column and the first row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 2, the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array is the antenna element located in the second column and the first row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 3, the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array is the antenna element located in the first column and the second row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 4, the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array is the antenna element located in the second column and the second row in the i-th sub-array.

[0014] Optionally, some antenna elements in the first antenna array are 4 antenna elements other than the target antenna element, and the remaining 12 antenna elements in the first antenna array are the rest; the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain the second antenna array, including: the electronic device combines the structures of the 12 antenna elements with the structures of the second sides of the 4 antenna elements at different lengths respectively to obtain a plurality of preselected antenna arrays; the structure of the 12 antenna elements refers to the structure in the first antenna array; the different lengths of the second side of any one of the 4 antenna elements are all the lengths within a preset length range; the electronic device simulates the second beam patterns of each of the plurality of preselected antenna arrays, and a total of a plurality of second beam patterns are obtained; the electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array.

[0015] Optionally, the 4 antenna elements include: the antenna element located in the second column and the second row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna element located in the third column and the second row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna element located in the second column and the third row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna element located in the third column and the third row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array.

[0016] In a second aspect, an optimization system for forming an array antenna resonator radiation structure is provided. The system includes an electronic device, and the system is configured to: The electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, where the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M×N antenna elements, M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, both M and N are integers greater than 1, and each of the M×N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonator structure; The electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1; For the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonators of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array, and the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array. When i traverses from 1 to K, a first antenna array is obtained; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonators of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array, and the grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array.

[0017] In summary, the electronic device can simulate the structure of the antenna array, such as the initial antenna array in the initial modeling, which is a matrix antenna array including M×N antenna elements, and each of the M×N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonator structure. The electronic device can evenly divide the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, and each sub-array has the ability of independent beamforming. In this way, for the i-th sub-array, the electronic device can optimize the radiation structure of the resonators of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array, and the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array, that is, by reducing the grating lobe, the gain of each sub-array during independent beamforming is improved. The electronic device can construct a first antenna array based on each optimized sub-array, and further optimize the radiation structure of the resonators of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array. At this time, since the grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array, it means that while each sub-array has a certain gain during independent beamforming, the entire antenna array can also have a better gain during beamforming. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the method for optimizing the formation of the array antenna resonator radiation structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna array in the method for optimizing the formation of the array antenna resonator radiation structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna element in the method for optimizing the formation of the resonant cavity radiation structure of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the signal radiation range in the method for optimizing the formation of the resonant cavity radiation structure of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the beam and grating lobe in the method for optimizing the formation of the resonant cavity radiation structure of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, "indication" may include direct indication and indirect indication, and may also include explicit indication and implicit indication. Taking the information indicated by a certain piece of information (such as the first indication information, the second indication information, or the third indication information, etc. below) as the information to be indicated, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated in the specific implementation process. For example, but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated, etc. It is also possible to indirectly indicate the information to be indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to only indicate a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or pre-agreed. For example, it is also possible to realize the indication of specific information by means of the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as protocol regulations), so as to reduce the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, the common parts of each piece of information can be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

[0025] In addition, the specific indication manner may also be various existing indication manners. For example, but not limited to, the above indication manners and their various combinations, etc. The specific details of various indication manners can refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated herein. As can be seen from the above, for example, when it is necessary to indicate multiple pieces of information of the same type, there may be a situation where the indication manners of different pieces of information are different. In the specific implementation process, the required indication manner can be selected according to specific needs. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the selected indication manner. In this way, the indication manner involved in the embodiment of the present invention should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated.

[0026] "Pre - defined" or "pre - configured" can be achieved by pre - saving the corresponding codes, tables or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device. The embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation methods thereof. Among them, "saving" may refer to saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories may be separately provided, or may be integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories may also be partially separately provided and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of the memory may be any form of storage medium, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this.

[0027] The "protocol" involved in the embodiments of the present invention may refer to a protocol family in the communication field, a standard protocol with a frame structure similar to that of a protocol family, or a relevant protocol applied to a future communication system. The embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations on this.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present invention, descriptions such as "when...", "in the case of...", "if", and "when" all refer to the device making corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, not limiting time, and do not require the device to have a judgment action during implementation, nor does it mean there are other limitations.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B may represent A or B. The "and / or" in the embodiments of the present invention is merely a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. Also, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more than two. "At least one (item)" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. Additionally, for the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and roles. Those skilled in the art can understand that terms such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily mean different. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Exactly, using words such as "exemplary" or "for example" aims to present relevant concepts in a specific way for easy understanding.

[0030] The network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present invention are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention. As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0031] The following introduces an optimization method for forming an array antenna resonant cavity radiation structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] The method for optimizing the formation of the resonant cavity radiation structure of the array antenna is executed by an electronic device, which can be a terminal. The terminal can be a terminal with communication control functions, or a chip or chip system that can be set in the terminal. The terminal can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station (MS), mobile platform, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user equipment. The terminal in the embodiments of the present invention can be a mobile phone, cellular phone, smart phone, tablet computer (Pad), wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, handset, laptop computer, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal, augmented reality (AR) terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, in-vehicle terminal, roadside unit (RSU) with terminal function, etc. The terminal of the present invention can also be an in-vehicle module, in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip or in-vehicle unit built in a vehicle as one or more components or units.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the process of the method is as follows:

[0034] S101, the electronic device obtains an initial antenna array.

[0035] The electronic device obtaining an initial antenna array can be understood as the electronic device performing preliminary modeling of the antenna array to obtain the initial antenna array. Among them, the structures of the antenna units in the initial antenna array are all constructed according to the initial settings for subsequent optimization and adjustment. The modeling method can be implemented using existing modeling software, and specific limitations are not imposed.

[0036] The initial antenna array can be a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements. M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, both M and N are integers greater than 1, and each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonant cavity structure. For example, as shown in (a) of Figure 2 , when M = 2 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 2*4 matrix antenna array. As shown in (b) of Figure 2 , when M = 4 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 4*4 matrix antenna array. In this case, each antenna element can be described by its position in the matrix antenna array, such as the antenna element in the first row and the first column, the antenna element in the third row and the third column, etc.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 , each antenna element 30 is a hexahedral rectangular structure. A first slot 302 is opened on the first surface 301 of the rectangular structure. The first slot 302 can be opened in the middle of the first surface 301, and the width of the first slot 302 can be denoted as W.

[0038] The first slot 302 is parallel to the first side 304 where the second surface 303 of the rectangular structure intersects the first surface 301. The first slot 302 and the internal cavity of the rectangular structure form a resonant cavity structure. A feeding part 306 is provided on the third surface 305 of the rectangular structure that intersects the first surface 301 and is parallel to the second surface 303. The second side 307 between the second surface 303 and the third surface 305 is perpendicular to the first slot 302. Optimizing the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of the antenna element by the electronic device means that the electronic device adjusts the length of the second side 307 of the antenna element. Additionally, the third side 308 is perpendicular to the first side 304 and the second side 307. Among them, Figure 2 what is shown is the second surface 303 of the antenna element 30.

[0039] In one example, taking the first side 304 as 100 mm, the third side 308 as 18 mm, and W as 4 mm as an example, the adjustable range of the second side 307, or the preset length range, is 6 - 8 mm. The length of the second side 307 can be adjusted within 6 - 8 mm. For example, with a step of 0.5 mm, the lengths of the second side 307 can include: 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, that is, 5 lengths. As shown in Figure 4 , when the lengths of the second side 307 are 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, and 8 mm respectively, the signal radiation ranges of the antenna element 30 in three-dimensional space can be respectively as shown in Figure 4 . It can be seen that as the length increases, the signal radiation range also becomes larger. When the length of the second side 307 is 8 mm, the signal radiation range is the largest.

[0040] S102, the electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1.

[0041] The electronic device can divide it in the granularity of 2*2. For example, i is an integer traversing from 1 to K. For the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the i-th sub-array is a matrix sub-array containing 2*2 antenna elements. The i-th sub-array can perform beamforming independently to enable the antenna panel to simultaneously transmit K beams.

[0042] For a matrix antenna array with an initial antenna array of 2*4, as shown in (a) of Figure 2 , when K = 2, the K sub-arrays are 2 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2*4 matrix antenna array, and the second sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2*4 matrix antenna array. For a matrix antenna array with an initial antenna array of 4*4, as shown in (4) of Figure 2 , when K = 4, the K sub-arrays are 4 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4*4 matrix antenna array, the second sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4*4 matrix antenna array, the third sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4*4 matrix antenna array, and the fourth sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2*2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4*4 matrix antenna array.

[0043] It can be understood that the present invention takes the 2*4 / 4*4 matrix antenna array as an example without limitation. For example, it can also be 2*6 / 6*6 / 2*8 / 8*8, etc.

[0044] S103, for the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array. When i traverses from 1 to K, the first antenna array is obtained.

[0045] Among them, the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array, that is, the optimized grating lobe is smaller than the grating lobe in the initial modeling case.

[0046] Specifically, taking the i-th sub-array as an example, the electronic device can set the structure of the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array so that the second side is the maximum length within a preset length range. When the second side of the target antenna element is set to the maximum length, the signal radiation range of the target antenna element is the largest. For example, the length of the second side of the target antenna element is 8 mm.

[0047] Among them, for the initial antenna array being a 2×4 matrix antenna array, when i = 1, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the 2 antenna units located in the first column of the i-th sub-array; when i = 2, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the 2 antenna units located in the second column of the i-th sub-array. For the initial antenna array being a 4×4 matrix antenna array, when i = 1, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the antenna units located in the first column and the first row of the i-th sub-array; when i = 2, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the antenna units located in the second column and the first row of the i-th sub-array; when i = 3, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the antenna units located in the first column and the second row of the i-th sub-array; when i = 4, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are the antenna units located in the second column and the second row of the i-th sub-array. That is to say, since the structure of the antenna units in the middle needs to be adjusted when optimizing the antenna array subsequently, the target antenna units need to be selected as the antenna units located at the edge as much as possible.

[0048] It can be understood that setting the second side of the target antenna unit to the maximum length is to ensure that each sub-array has a target antenna unit with the maximum gain to ensure the overall gain. However, setting all the antenna units in the sub-array to the maximum gain is not the optimal solution, that is, the grating lobes may be relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the structure of the other antenna units except the target antenna unit in the i-th sub-array, that is, the length of the second side, to find the optimal structure under various length combinations, as follows.

[0049] The electronic device combines the structure of the target antenna element (i.e., the structure when the length of the second side is the largest) with the structures of the second sides of at least two antenna elements at different lengths respectively, to obtain a plurality of preselected sub-arrays. Wherein, the at least two antenna elements are the antenna elements other than the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array, and the different lengths of the second side of any one of the at least two antenna elements are all the lengths within a preset length range (such as the above 5 lengths). Taking the initial antenna array as a 2*4 matrix antenna array and i = 1 as an example, in the 1st sub-array, the second side of the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 1st row has 5 lengths, and the second side of the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 2nd row also has 5 lengths, and a total of 25 preselected sub-arrays are combined. The 1st preselected sub-array is: the 2 target antenna elements located in the 1st column of the 1st - 2nd rows are the structures with the largest length of the second side, the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 1st row is the structure with the second side of 6 mm, and the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 2nd row is the structure with the second side of 6 mm. The 2nd preselected sub-array is: the 2 target antenna elements located in the 1st column of the 1st - 2nd rows are the structures with the largest length of the second side, the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 1st row is the structure with the second side of 6.5 mm, and the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 2nd row is the structure with the second side of 6 mm. The 3rd preselected sub-array is: the 2 target antenna elements located in the 1st column of the 1st - 2nd rows are the structures with the largest length of the second side, the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 1st row is the structure with the second side of 7 mm, and the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 2nd row is the structure with the second side of 6 mm. And so on, the 25th preselected sub-array is: the 2 target antenna elements located in the 1st column of the 1st - 2nd rows are the structures with the largest length of the second side, the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 1st row is the structure with the second side of 8 mm, and the antenna element located in the 2nd column of the 2nd row is the structure with the second side of 8 mm.

[0050] The electronic device simulates the first beam pattern of each of the plurality of preselected sub-arrays, and obtains a plurality of first beam patterns. On this basis, the electronic device can determine the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe (i.e., the average value of the amplitudes of all grating lobes in a first beam pattern is the smallest) among the plurality of first beam patterns, and determine the preselected sub-array corresponding to the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the i-th optimized sub-array, or in other words, determine the structure of each antenna element in the i-th optimized sub-array, or the resonant cavity radiation structure, that is, the length of the second side. After determining each optimized sub-array, that is, determining a structure of the antenna array, that is, determining the first antenna array.

[0051] S104, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain the second antenna array.

[0052] Among them, the grating lobes of the beam of the second antenna array are smaller than those of the beam of the first antenna array, that is, the optimized grating lobes are smaller than those in the initial modeling case.

[0053] For an initial antenna array that is a 2×4 matrix antenna array:

[0054] Some antenna elements in the first antenna array (i.e., the antenna elements that need to be structurally optimized again) are 2 antenna elements other than the target antenna element, and the remaining 6 antenna elements in the first antenna array are those other than the 2 antenna elements. For example, as shown in (a) of Figure 2 the 2 antenna elements include: the antenna element located in the 3rd column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna element located in the 4th column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array; or the 2 antenna elements include: the antenna element located in the 3rd column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna element located in the 4th column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, that is, try to select the antenna elements located in the center.

[0055] On this basis, the electronic device can combine the structures of the 6 antenna elements with the structures of the second sides of the 2 antenna elements at different lengths respectively to obtain multiple preselected antenna arrays. The structure of the 6 antenna elements refers to the structure in the first antenna array, that is, the structure determined by the above optimization. The different lengths of the second side of any one of the 2 antenna elements are all the lengths within the preset length range (such as the above 5 lengths). The electronic device can simulate the second beam patterns of each of the multiple preselected antenna arrays, and obtain multiple second beam patterns in total; the electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the multiple second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array. The specific principle is similar to the above and can be understood by reference, and will not be elaborated here.

[0056] It can be understood that since only the structures of one antenna element in the first sub-array and the second sub-array are adjusted in S104 after optimization, the beamforming gain of the sub-array will not be affected too much as a whole. Even if the gain decreases, it is within the range that allows or can ensure the communication quality.

[0057] For an initial antenna array that is a 4×4 matrix antenna array:

[0058] Among the partial antenna elements in the first antenna array (i.e., the antenna elements that need to be structurally optimized again), there are 4 antenna elements other than the target antenna element, and the remaining 12 antenna elements in the first antenna array are the rest; the 4 antenna elements include: the antenna element located in the 2nd column and the 2nd row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna element located in the 3rd column and the 2nd row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna element located in the 2nd column and the 3rd row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna element located in the 3rd column and the 3rd row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array.

[0059] On this basis, the electronic device combines the structures of the 12 antenna elements with the structures of the second sides of the 4 antenna elements at different lengths respectively, to obtain a plurality of preselected antenna arrays; the structure of the 12 antenna elements refers to the structure in the first antenna array; the different lengths of the second side of any one of the 4 antenna elements are all the lengths within the preset length range (such as the above 5 lengths); the electronic device simulates the second beam patterns of each of the plurality of preselected antenna arrays, and a total of a plurality of second beam patterns are obtained; the electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array. The specific principle is similar to the above and can be understood by reference. It will not be elaborated here.

[0060] It can be understood that since only the structure of one antenna element in each of the 4 sub-arrays is adjusted in S104 after optimization, the beamforming gain of the sub-array as a whole will not be overly affected. Even if the gain decreases, it is within the range that allows or can ensure the communication quality.

[0061] As Figure 5 shown, taking 3 beams as an example, the grating lobes of the initial antenna array are relatively large. After optimization, the grating lobes of the second antenna array are significantly reduced, the gain of the beam increases, and the communication effect is better.

[0062] In addition, S103 - S104 of the present invention can also be executed iteratively by polling. That is, if the gain of the sub-array is greatly affected when executing S104, it can return to S103, select the sub-optimal according to the average size of the grating lobes, and then execute 104 until the gains of the sub-array and the antenna array are taken into account.

[0063] In summary, the electronic device can simulate the structure of the antenna array. For example, for the initial antenna array in the initial modeling, which is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements, each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonant cavity structure. The electronic device can evenly divide the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, and each sub-array has an independent beamforming ability. In this way, for the i-th sub-array among them, the electronic device can optimize the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array. The grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array, that is, by reducing the grating lobe, the gain of each sub-array when performing beamforming independently is improved. The electronic device can construct the first antenna array based on each optimized sub-array, and further optimize the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain the second antenna array. At this time, since the grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array, it means that while each sub-array has a certain gain when performing beamforming independently, the entire antenna array can also have a good gain when performing beamforming.

[0064] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an array antenna resonant cavity radiation structure forming and optimizing system. The system includes an electronic device, and the system is configured to: The electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, where the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements, M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, both M and N are integers greater than 1, and each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonant cavity structure; The electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1; For the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array. The grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array. When i traverses from 1 to K, the first antenna array is obtained; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain the second antenna array, and the grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array.

[0065] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Exemplarily, the electronic device can be a terminal, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the terminal. As Figure 6 shown, the electronic device 400 may include a processor 401. Optionally, the electronic device 400 may further include a memory 402 and / or a transceiver 403. Among them, the processor 401 is coupled to the memory 402 and the transceiver 403, such as being connected through a communication bus.

[0066] Next, in combination withFigure 6 Specifically introduce each component of the electronic device 400:

[0067] Among them, the processor 401 is the control center of the electronic device 400, which can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 401 is one or more central processing units (CPUs), or can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. For example: one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0068] Optionally, the processor 401 can execute various functions of the electronic device 400 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 402 and calling data stored in the memory 402. For example, execute the above Figure 2 shown array antenna resonator radiation structure forming optimization method.

[0069] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 401 may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 6 the CPU0 and CPU1 shown in

[0070] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the electronic device 400 may also include multiple processors. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). Here, the processor can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0071] Among them, the memory 402 is used to store software programs for executing the solution of the present invention and is controlled by the processor 401 for execution. The specific implementation manner can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0072] Optionally, the memory 402 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 402 may be integrated with the processor 401 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 401 through the interface circuit of the electronic device 400 ( Figure 6 not shown in the figure), and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations thereon.

[0073] The transceiver 403 is used for communication with other electronic devices. For example, when the electronic device 400 is a terminal, the transceiver 403 may be used for communication with a network device or with another terminal device. For another example, when the electronic device 400 is a network device, the transceiver 403 may be used for communication with a terminal or with another network device.

[0074] Optionally, the transceiver 403 may include a receiver and a transmitter ( Figure 6 not shown separately). Among them, the receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function.

[0075] Optionally, the transceiver 403 may be integrated with the processor 401 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 401 through the interface circuit of the electronic device 400 ( Figure 6 not shown in the figure), and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations thereon.

[0076] It can be understood that Figure 6 the structure of the electronic device 400 shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. The actual electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0077] In addition, the technical effects of the electronic device 400 may refer to the technical effects of the method described in the above method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0078] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present invention may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0079] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0080] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The available media can be magnetic media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (such as DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0081] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after, but it may also represent an "and / or" relationship, which can be specifically understood by referring to the context.

[0082] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or its similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0083] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0084] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled professionals can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0085] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0086] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0087] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0088] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0089] When the above-mentioned function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0090] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the formation of a resonant cavity radiation structure of an array antenna, characterized in that, Applied to an electronic device, the method includes: The electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, where the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna elements. M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, and both M and N are integers greater than 1. Each of the M*N antenna elements is an antenna element with a resonant cavity structure; The electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1; For the i-th sub-array among the K sub-arrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array. The grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized sub-array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th sub-array. When i traverses from 1 to K, a first antenna array is obtained; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some of the antenna elements in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array. The grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array; Each antenna element is a rectangular structure of a hexahedron. A first slit is opened on the first surface of the rectangular structure. The first slit is parallel to the first edge where the second surface of the rectangular structure intersects the first surface. The first slit and the internal cavity of the rectangular structure form a resonant cavity structure. A feeding part is provided on the third surface of the rectangular structure that intersects the first surface and is parallel to the second surface. The second edge between the second surface and the third surface is perpendicular to the first slit. Optimizing the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of the antenna element by the electronic device means that the electronic device adjusts the length of the second edge of the antenna element; The i-th sub-array is a matrix sub-array including 2*2 antenna elements. The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of at least some of the antenna elements in the i-th sub-array to obtain the i-th optimized sub-array, including: The electronic device sets the structure of the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array so that the second edge is the maximum length within a preset length range. When the second edge of the target antenna element is set to the maximum length, the signal radiation range of the target antenna element is the largest; The electronic device combines the structure of the target antenna element with the structures of at least two antenna elements with different lengths of their respective second edges to obtain a plurality of preselected sub-arrays. The at least two antenna elements are the antenna elements other than the target antenna element in the i-th sub-array. The different lengths of the second edge of any one of the at least two antenna elements are all the lengths within the preset length range; The electronic device simulates the first beam pattern of each of the plurality of preselected sub-arrays to obtain a plurality of first beam patterns in total; The electronic device determines the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of first beam patterns and determines the preselected sub-array corresponding to the first beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the i-th optimized sub-array.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When M = 2 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 2×4 matrix antenna array. When K = 2, the K sub-arrays are 2 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2×4 matrix antenna array. The second sub-array among the 2 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and 2 rows in the 2×4 matrix antenna array. When i = 1, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are 2 antenna units located in the first column of the i-th sub-array. When i = 2, the target antenna units in the i-th sub-array are 2 antenna units located in the second column of the i-th sub-array.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein Two antenna units in the first antenna array are other than the target antenna units, and the remaining 6 antenna units are those other than the two antenna units in the first antenna array; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some antenna units in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array, including: The electronic device combines the structures of the 6 antenna units with the structures of the second sides of the 2 antenna units at different lengths respectively to obtain a plurality of preselected antenna arrays; the structures of the 6 antenna units refer to the structures in the first antenna array; the different lengths of the second side of any one of the 2 antenna units are all lengths within the preset length range; The electronic device simulates the second beam patterns of each of the plurality of preselected antenna arrays, and a total of a plurality of second beam patterns are obtained; The electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 2 antenna units include: the antenna unit located in the 3rd column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna unit located in the 4th column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, or; the 2 antenna units include: the antenna unit located in the 3rd column and the 2nd row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna unit located in the 4th column and the 1st row in the 2×4 matrix antenna array.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When M = 4 and N = 4, the initial antenna array is a 4×4 matrix antenna array. When K = 4, the K sub-arrays are 4 sub-arrays. The first sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The second sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the first 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The third sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the first 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. The fourth sub-array among the 4 sub-arrays is a 2×2 matrix antenna array formed by the last 2 columns and the last 2 rows in the 4×4 matrix antenna array. When i = 1, the target antenna unit in the i-th sub-array is the antenna unit located in the first column and the first row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 2, the target antenna unit in the i-th sub-array is the antenna unit located in the second column and the first row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 3, the target antenna unit in the i-th sub-array is the antenna unit located in the first column and the second row in the i-th sub-array. When i = 4, the target antenna unit in the i-th sub-array is the antenna unit located in the second column and the second row in the i-th sub-array.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein Some antenna units in the first antenna array are 4 antenna units other than the target antenna unit, and the remaining 12 antenna units in the first antenna array are those other than the 4 antenna units; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavities of some antenna units in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array, including: The electronic device combines the structures of the 12 antenna units with the structures of the second sides of the 4 antenna units at different lengths respectively to obtain a plurality of preselected antenna arrays; the structures of the 12 antenna units refer to the structures in the first antenna array; the different lengths of the second side of any one of the 4 antenna units are all lengths within the preset length range; The electronic device simulates the second beam patterns of each of the plurality of preselected antenna arrays to obtain a plurality of second beam patterns in total; The electronic device determines the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe among the plurality of second beam patterns, and determines the preselected antenna array corresponding to the second beam pattern with the smallest average grating lobe as the second antenna array.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The 4 antenna units include: the antenna unit located in the second column and the second row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna unit located in the third column and the second row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, the antenna unit located in the second column and the third row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array, and the antenna unit located in the third column and the third row in the 4×4 matrix antenna array.

8. An array antenna resonant cavity radiation structure forming and optimizing system, characterized in that, The system includes an electronic device, and the system is configured to: The electronic device obtains an initial antenna array, where the initial antenna array is a matrix antenna array including M*N antenna units, where M is the number of rows of the matrix, N is the number of columns of the matrix, M and N are both integers greater than 1, and each of the M*N antenna units is an antenna unit of a resonant cavity structure; The electronic device evenly divides the initial antenna array into K sub-arrays, where K is an integer greater than 1; For an i-th subarray among the K subarrays, the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of at least part of the antenna units in the i-th subarray to obtain an i-th optimized subarray, wherein the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th optimized subarray is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the i-th subarray, and when i traverses from 1 to K, a first antenna array is obtained; The electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of some antenna units in the first antenna array to obtain a second antenna array, wherein the grating lobe of the beam of the second antenna array is smaller than the grating lobe of the beam of the first antenna array; Each antenna unit is a hexahedral rectangular structure, a first slot is provided on a first surface of the rectangular structure, the first slot is parallel to a first side where a second surface of the rectangular structure intersects with the first surface, the first slot and an internal cavity of the rectangular structure form a resonant cavity structure, a third surface of the rectangular structure intersecting with the first surface and parallel to the second surface is provided with a feeding portion, a second side between the second surface and the third surface is perpendicular to the first slot, and the electronic device optimizing the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of the antenna unit means that the electronic device adjusts the length of the second side of the antenna unit; The i-th subarray is a matrix subarray including 2*2 antenna units, and the electronic device optimizes the radiation structure of the resonant cavity of at least part of the antenna units in the i-th subarray to obtain the i-th optimized subarray, including: The electronic device sets the structure of the target antenna unit in the i-th subarray so that the second side has a maximum length within a preset length range, and when the second side of the target antenna unit is set to the maximum length, the signal radiation range of the target antenna unit is the largest; The electronic device combines the structure of the target antenna unit with the structures of the second sides of at least two antenna units at different lengths to obtain a plurality of preselected subarrays; the at least two antenna units are antenna units other than the target antenna unit in the i-th subarray, and the different lengths of the second side of any one of the at least two antenna units are all lengths of the preset length range; The electronic device simulates a first beam pattern of each pre-selected sub-array of the plurality of pre-selected sub-arrays to obtain a plurality of first beam patterns in total; The electronic device determines a first beam pattern with a minimum average grating lobe among the multiple first beam patterns, and determines a preselected subarray corresponding to the first beam pattern with the minimum average grating lobe as the i-th optimized subarray.

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