Finite element simulation method for accurately calculating electric arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field

Abstract

The invention discloses a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating an electric arc additive manufacturing temperature field and a stress field, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the geometric structure of an electric arc additive manufacturing deposition sample is obtained through a 3D contourgraph, then the fusion width, the fusion depth and the excess weld metal of each deposition layer are obtained through linear cutting, a simulation heat source model is constructed based on actual additive parameters of each deposition layer, three heat sources are considered in the simulation heat source model, and a simulation heat source model is constructed; and the heat distribution condition in the actual additive manufacturing process is fully considered. According to the method, the three-dimensional scanning technology is combined with electric arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposition layer are obtained through an external detection means, the temperature field and stress field of the electric arc additive manufacturing deposition layer are calculated based on the actual morphology of the deposition layer, and compared with existing electric arc additive manufacturing simulation at present, the method has the advantages that the calculation efficiency is high; and the reduction degree of distribution of the calculated temperature and stress in the deposition layer can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of arc additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Electric arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an efficient and economical 3D printing technology. The use of arc welding principle for metal material deposition has significant advantages: first, the material utilization rate of arc additive manufacturing is high, which can be close to 100%, and the production cost is low; second, the technology has a wide range of applications and can be applied to the preparation of various metal materials such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc. to meet different industrial needs; at the same time, the technology has a high construction speed and is particularly suitable for the rapid manufacturing of large-size parts. However, the inherent characteristics of arc additive manufacturing technology, such as high heat input and fast cooling speed of micro-melting pool, lead to large thermal stress inside the component during the preparation process. When the thermal stress exceeds the yield limit of the material, the material undergoes plastic deformation, resulting in reduced forming accuracy. In addition, the residual stress inside the arc additive manufacturing component after cooling will also greatly deteriorate its performance. Therefore, it is crucial to control the temperature field and stress field of the arc additive manufacturing process.

[0003] The arc additive manufacturing process involves multiple transfers of mass, momentum and energy, and multi-scale correlation issues from micro to macro scales. Therefore, the thermal evolution law is extremely complex, and it is difficult to test the temperature field and stress field of variable parameter arc additive manufacturing parts through experimental means. Compared with experiments, numerical simulation methods provide a more convenient and intuitive way to calculate the influence of process parameters on the thermal cycle, internal stress and surface deformation of formed parts.

[0004] At present, most simulation geometric models of the deposition layer of the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing are regular geometric bodies established by drawing software, which cannot truly restore the geometric morphology of the deposition layer in the actual forming process. The structure and morphology of the deposition layer will greatly affect its internal temperature and stress distribution. Therefore, it is difficult for the existing methods to achieve efficient and accurate calculation of the temperature field and stress field of the WAAM forming process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, so as to solve the problem that the deposition layer simulation geometric model of the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing in the prior art is difficult to truly simulate and restore the geometric morphology of the deposition layer in actual molding.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, comprising: Step 1, depositing alloy samples by arc additive manufacturing; Step 2, obtaining the geometric structure of the alloy sample through a 3D profiler, and applying the geometric structure to the temperature field and stress field simulation calculation; Step 3, longitudinally cutting the deposited layer of the alloy sample to obtain the melt width, melt depth and excess height of each deposited layer; Step 4, compile a simulation heat source model based on the melt width, melt depth and residual height of each layer, wherein the simulation heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source and a double ellipsoid heat source, and the sum of the heat of the three simulation heat sources is 100%; Step 5, based on the process parameters of depositing the alloy sample in step 1, simulating the process of depositing the alloy sample through the birth and death unit, performing temperature field simulation, and obtaining temperature field data; Step 6, based on the process parameters and temperature field data of the deposited alloy sample, the deposition process is simulated by the birth-death unit, and the stress field simulation is performed to obtain the stress field data.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is: Preferably, in step 2, the geometric structure of the alloy sample is obtained by a 3D profilometer and then smoothed.

[0008] Preferably, in step 3, after wire cutting, the melt width, melt depth and excess height of each deposition layer are obtained by polishing and etching.

[0009] Preferably, in step 4, the Gaussian cylinder heat source simulates arc heat, the average body heat source simulates droplet heat, and the double ellipsoid heat source simulates molten pool heat.

[0010] Preferably, in step 4, the height of the Gaussian column heat source is the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, and the diameter is larger than the molten width of the deposited layer.

[0011] Preferably, in step 4, the double ellipsoid heat source is composed of two alternating semi-ellipsoids, the major semi-axis length of one semi-ellipsoid is less than the melt width, and the major semi-axis length of the other semi-ellipsoid is greater than the melt width; the minor semi-axis lengths of the two semi-ellipsoids are determined by the melt width of the sedimentary layer, and the depths of the two semi-ellipsoids are the melt depths.

[0012] Preferably, in step 5 and step 6, the proportion of each heat source in the simulated heat source model is adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0013] Preferably, in step 5 and step 6, before calculating the temperature field or stress field of the deposition layer, the activated deposition layer unit is killed again, and is continuously activated along the deposition direction during the calculation process to obtain corresponding temperature field data or stress field data.

[0014] Preferably, during the simulation process, the thermophysical parameters of the alloy at various temperatures are calculated using JMatPro thermodynamic software.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1 and step 2, if the deposited alloy sample is a multi-layer sample, one layer is deposited, and the deposited layer is scanned by a 3D profilometer, and a Boolean subtraction operation is performed between adjacent layers, and the geometric structure of each deposited layer only has the geometric structure of the layer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing. The method first obtains the geometric structure of the arc additive manufacturing deposition sample through a 3D profilometer, and then obtains the melt width, melt depth and residual height of each deposition layer through wire cutting. Based on the actual additive parameters of each deposition layer, a simulation heat source model is constructed. Three heat sources are considered in the simulation heat source model, which fully considers the heat situation in the actual additive manufacturing process. The present invention combines three-dimensional scanning technology with arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposition layer through external detection means, and calculates the temperature field and stress field of the arc additive manufacturing deposition layer based on the real morphology of the deposition layer. Compared with the existing arc additive manufacturing simulation, it can greatly improve the degree of restoration of the calculated temperature and stress distribution inside the deposition layer. In addition, the present invention designs a combined heat source model, uses a Gaussian cylinder heat source to simulate the arc heat, uses an average body heat source model to simulate the molten droplet heat, and uses a double ellipsoid heat source model to simulate the molten pool heat below the substrate surface. This is closer to the actual arc additive manufacturing heat transfer process and provides new ideas and methods for accurately calculating and predicting the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing alloys.

[0017] Furthermore, this method obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer through a 3D profilometer and imports it into the finite element software. Based on the actual geometric morphology of the deposited layer and taking into account the melt width, melt depth and residual height data, the simulation heat source parameters are designed, thereby realizing efficient and accurate calculation of the temperature field and stress field of the WAAM forming process.

[0018] The present invention combines three-dimensional scanning technology with arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer through external detection means, and calculates the temperature field and stress field of the arc additive manufacturing deposited layer based on the real morphology. Compared with the currently available arc additive manufacturing simulation, it can greatly improve the degree of restoration of the calculated temperature and stress distribution inside the deposited layer. In addition, the present invention smoothes the model before importing the actual geometric model of the deposited layer into the finite element software, and deletes the sharp phenomenon of the local area of ​​the deposited layer. On the one hand, this can improve the quality of mesh division, and on the other hand, it also avoids the problem of stress concentration in the sharp area calculated by the finite element software. In addition, the present invention designs a corresponding heat source model based on the deposited layer melt width, melt depth, and residual height data, which can more accurately reflect the heat exchange between the arc and the deposited layer, and further ensure the accuracy of temperature field calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined heat source model in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the steps for establishing a geometric model of a deposition layer in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of grid division in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 The temperature field simulation results of Example 2 of the present invention (comparison diagram between calculated penetration depth and actual penetration depth); Figure 5 The stress field simulation calculation results of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the deposition layer printing of Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The present invention provides a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of alloy specimens using arc additive manufacturing technology; (2) Use a 3D profilometer to scan the arc additive manufacturing deposited layer and obtain the STL1 file of the deposited layer. In this process, the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer are obtained through the 3D profilometer, and the actual morphology of the deposited layer is used for calculation in the simulation of the temperature field and stress field.

[0022] (3) The deposited layer STL1 file is imported into the drawing software for smoothing to obtain the STL2 file. This step can optimize the meshing quality in the arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation model.

[0023] (4) The deposited layer is longitudinally cut to obtain a standard metallographic specimen. After polishing and etching, the melt width, melt depth, and residual height information of the deposited layer are obtained.

[0024] (5) Based on the data of the melt depth, melt width, and residual height of the deposited layer obtained in step (4), a simulation heat source model is compiled, and based on the actual forming parameters of the deposited layer, a simulation program is compiled using the birth-death unit method.

[0025] The finite element simulation software in this step can be ANSYS, ABAQUS, etc.

[0026] In this step, the heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. Using the combined heat source model, the Gaussian cylinder heat source simulates the arc heat, the average body heat source model simulates the droplet heat, and the double ellipsoid heat source model simulates the molten pool heat below the substrate surface; the power ratio between the heat source models is artificially adjustable.

[0027] During the simulation, it is assumed that the cross-sectional morphology of the deposited layer is consistent in the scanning direction (the direction in which the welding gun moves), and the geometric model of the deposited layer is drawn based on the cross-sectional geometric data of the deposited layer.

[0028] (6) Import the STL2 file into the finite element simulation software, run the life and death unit simulation program, and obtain the temperature field data.

[0029] (7) Based on the temperature field data obtained in step (5), run the life-death unit simulation program to calculate the stress field of the deposited layer.

[0030] Before starting the calculation of the sedimentary layer stress field, the activated sedimentary layer units are killed again, and the sedimentary layer units are gradually activated along the deposition direction during the stress field calculation process.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to obtain more accurate and reliable temperature and stress fields in the arc additive manufacturing process, JMatPro thermodynamic software was used to calculate the thermophysical parameters of the alloy at different temperatures.

[0032] It should be noted that in step (4), during the longitudinal cutting process, the substrate is also cut to obtain the actual metallographic information of the first deposition layer.

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0034] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of titanium alloy in arc additive manufacturing, using a 3D profiler to obtain the geometric structure and morphology of the titanium alloy deposited layer, and performing finite element simulation calculations of the temperature field and stress field based on the actual morphology of the deposited layer. Specifically, the method includes the following steps: (1) Use a 3D profiler to scan the arc additive manufacturing titanium alloy deposited layer and obtain the deposited layer STL1 file.

[0035] (2) Import the sedimentation layer STL1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL2 file.

[0036] (3) The titanium alloy deposited layer is longitudinally cut to obtain a standard metallographic specimen. After polishing and corrosion, the melt width, melt depth, and residual height information of the deposited layer are obtained.

[0037] (4) Write a simulation heat source model based on the information of the melt depth, melt width and residual height of the deposited layer obtained in step 3. Figure 1As shown in the figure, the height H of the Gaussian cylinder heat source is set to the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, which is larger than the residual height of the deposited layer, and the diameter D is slightly larger than the molten width of the deposited layer. f Smaller than the melt width, the length of the major axis of the rear semi-ellipsoid is a r The length b and depth c of the minor semi-axis of the ellipsoid are determined based on the melt width and melt depth of the deposited layer, respectively. The average body heat source is consistent with the shape and size of the deposited layer. Based on the actual forming power and forming speed of the deposited layer, the temperature field and stress field simulation program is written using the birth and death unit method to ensure that the activation speed of the titanium alloy deposited layer unit in the program is consistent with the actual forming speed.

[0038] (5) Import the STL2 file into the finite element simulation software, mesh the geometric model and kill the mesh of the deposition layer area. Run the birth and death unit temperature field simulation program. The killed titanium alloy deposition layer mesh is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain the temperature field data.

[0039] (6) Re-kill the grid of the sedimentary layer area, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step 5, run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0040] This embodiment proposes a combined heat source model that combines a Gaussian column heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. That is, the energy transferred by the arc to the deposited layer is artificially divided into three parts with the top surface of the substrate as the boundary. Gaussian column heat source and average body heat source are applied to the metal filling area above the top surface of the substrate, and a double ellipsoid heat source is applied to the base area below the top surface of the substrate. It is expected to greatly improve the simulation accuracy of the temperature field and the stress field.

[0041] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of cold metal arc additive manufacturing technology (CMT-WAAM) magnesium alloy. The method assumes that the cross-sectional morphology of the deposited layer in the scanning direction (the direction of movement of the welding gun) is consistent, draws a geometric model of the deposited layer based on the cross-sectional geometric data of the deposited layer, designs a heat source model based on the cross-sectional molten width, molten depth and residual height data of the deposited layer, and calculates the temperature field and stress field of the CMT-WAAM magnesium alloy. Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Wire cutting of magnesium alloy deposits to obtain standard metallographic specimens, and after polishing and etching, obtain information on the deposit width, depth, and residual height. Extract the cross-sectional geometry of the deposit, draw the cross-sectional geometry of the deposit, and stretch the drawn cross-sectional geometry of the deposit along the scanning direction to obtain a geometric model of the deposit. Import this geometric model into ANSYS simulation software (such as Figure 2 as shown).

[0042] (2) If Figure 3As shown, the simulation model is meshed, wherein the mesh size of the sedimentary layer area is less than 1 mm, killing the mesh of the sedimentary layer area.

[0043] (3) The thermophysical properties of magnesium alloy were calculated based on the thermodynamic calculation software JMatPro. The calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] (4) Write a simulation heat source model based on the deposited layer melt depth, melt width, and residual height information obtained in step (1). Set the Gaussian cylinder heat source height H to be 1.2 cm, the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate. Set the length of the long semi-axis of the front half of the double ellipsoid heat source a f is 5 mm, and the length of the major axis of the rear semi-ellipsoid is a r It is 7.5mm, the length of the minor semi-axis of the ellipsoid b is 2.75mm, the depth c is 0.54mm, the Gaussian cylinder heat source power is 1650W, the double ellipsoid heat source power is 275W, the average body heat source power is 3575W, and the temperature field and stress field simulation program is written using the life and death unit method to ensure that the activation speed of the magnesium alloy deposition layer unit in the program is consistent with the actual forming speed.

[0045] (5) Run the life and death unit temperature field simulation program, and the killed magnesium alloy deposition layer grid is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain the temperature field data.

[0046] (6) Re-kill the grid of the sedimentary layer area, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step (5), run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0047] This embodiment proposes a combined heat source model that combines a Gaussian column heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. That is, the energy transferred by the arc to the deposited layer is artificially divided into three parts with the top surface of the substrate as the boundary. Gaussian column heat source and average body heat source are applied to the metal filling area above the top surface of the substrate, and a double ellipsoid heat source is applied to the base area below the top surface of the substrate. It is expected to greatly improve the simulation accuracy of the temperature field and the stress field.

[0048] Table 1 Thermophysical properties of magnesium alloy used in the temperature field simulation of Example 2

[0049] Example 3 This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of a titanium alloy multilayer thin-walled structure part formed by arc additive manufacturing. The geometric structure and morphology of the titanium alloy deposited layer are obtained by using a 3D profiler, and the finite element simulation calculation of the temperature field and stress field is performed based on the actual morphology of the deposited layer. Specifically, see Figure 6 , including the following steps: (1) The titanium alloy deposition layer 1 is prepared by arc additive manufacturing technology.

[0050] (2) Use a 3D profiler to scan the arc additively manufactured titanium alloy parts and obtain the STL1-1 file of the deposited layer.

[0051] (3) Import the sedimentation layer STL1-1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL1-2 file.

[0052] (4) The titanium alloy deposition layer 2 is prepared by arc additive manufacturing technology.

[0053] (5) The 3D profiler was used to scan the arc additively manufactured titanium alloy part for the second time to obtain the deposited layer STL2-1 file.

[0054] (6) Import the sedimentation layer STL2-1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL2-2 file.

[0055] (7) Perform Boolean subtraction operation on STL2-2 and STL1-2, subtract STL1-2 from STL2-2, and obtain STL2-3 file, which is the geometric model of sedimentary layer 2.

[0056] (8) Repeat steps 4-7 to obtain the geometric models of deposition layers 3, 4, 5, ... in sequence.

[0057] (9) Metallographic specimens were obtained by wire cutting titanium alloy multi-layer thin-walled structural parts, and the melting depth information of each deposited layer was obtained after polishing and corrosion.

[0058] (10) Compile a simulation heat source model based on the melting depth information of each deposition layer obtained in step 3. The method for compiling the combined heat source model is the same as that in Example 1.

[0059] (11) Import the STL file containing the geometric morphology of each deposition layer into the finite element simulation software, mesh the geometric model, kill the mesh of the deposition layer area, run the birth and death unit temperature field simulation program, and the killed titanium alloy deposition layer mesh is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain temperature field data. Specifically, when activating the deposition layer mesh, each deposition layer is independent of each other. For example, when activating the deposition layer 1 mesh, the mesh of the deposition layer 2 area will not be activated, so as to maximize the simulation process closer to the actual forming process.

[0060] (12) Re-kill the grid of the sedimentary layer area, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step (12), run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0061] Advantages of this embodiment: In the actual forming process, the geometric structures of each deposited layer of the titanium alloy, such as width and height, may be different. If the structure of each deposited layer is assumed to be consistent in the temperature field and stress field calculation, it will lead to large errors in the calculation results. This embodiment uses a 3D profiler to scan the titanium alloy multi-layer thin-walled parts multiple times to obtain the actual geometric morphology of each deposited layer. After Boolean subtraction operation, the simulation is performed with the real geometric structure of each deposited layer, which maximizes the calculation accuracy.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, characterized in that: include: Step 1, depositing alloy samples by arc additive manufacturing; Step 2, obtaining the geometric structure of the alloy sample through a 3D profiler, and applying the geometric structure to the temperature field and stress field simulation calculation; Step 3, longitudinally cutting the deposited layer of the alloy sample to obtain the melt width, melt depth and excess height of each deposited layer; Step 4, compile a simulation heat source model based on the melt width, melt depth and residual height of each layer, wherein the simulation heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source and a double ellipsoid heat source, and the sum of the heat of the three simulation heat sources is 100%; Step 5, based on the process parameters of depositing the alloy sample in step 1, simulating the process of depositing the alloy sample through the birth and death unit, performing temperature field simulation, and obtaining temperature field data; Step 6, based on the process parameters and temperature field data of the deposited alloy sample, the deposition process is simulated by the birth-death unit, and the stress field simulation is performed to obtain the stress field data.

2. A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the geometric structure of the alloy sample is obtained by a 3D profilometer and then smoothed.

3. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, after wire cutting, the melt width, melt depth and residual height of each deposited layer are obtained by polishing and etching.

4. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the Gaussian cylinder heat source simulates arc heat, the average body heat source simulates droplet heat, and the double ellipsoid heat source simulates molten pool heat.

5. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the height of the Gaussian column heat source is the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, and the diameter is larger than the molten width of the deposited layer.

6. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the double ellipsoid heat source is composed of two alternating semi-ellipsoids, the major semi-axis length of one semi-ellipsoid is less than the melt width, and the major semi-axis length of the other semi-ellipsoid is greater than the melt width; the minor semi-axis lengths of the two semi-ellipsoids are determined by the melt width of the sedimentary layer, and the depths of the two semi-ellipsoids are the melt depths.

7. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5 and step 6, the proportion of each heat source in the simulation heat source model is adjusted according to the actual situation.

8. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5 and step 6, before calculating the temperature field or stress field of the deposition layer, the activated deposition layer unit is killed again, and is continuously activated along the deposition direction during the calculation process to obtain the corresponding temperature field data or stress field data.

9. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the simulation process, the thermophysical parameters of the alloy at various temperatures were calculated using JMatPro thermodynamic software.

10. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1 and step 2, if the deposited alloy sample is a multi-layer sample, one layer is deposited, and the deposited layer is scanned by a 3D profilometer, and a Boolean subtraction operation is performed between adjacent layers. The geometric structure of each deposited layer only has the geometric structure of the layer.

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