Battery management system of automobile starting power supply and automobile starting power supply

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of starting power supplies, and discloses an automobile starting power supply battery management system and an automobile starting power supply, and the automobile starting power supply battery management system comprises a super capacitor, a heating film, a charging and discharging MOS, a sampling resistor, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, an analog front-end chip and a microcontroller unit; a charging and discharging management module, a heating film management module and a short circuit protection module are arranged in the microcontroller unit. The super capacitor is integrated to serve as auxiliary energy, the reliability and emergency capacity of automobile starting are effectively improved, thousands of amperes of current can be instantaneously output based on the design of the super capacitor, and the defects that a conventional lithium battery protection plate is prone to triggering short circuit protection by mistake and a battery cannot instantaneously output full-load current are overcome. And meanwhile, the heating film management module is used for performing temperature management on the starting power supply, so that the problem that the battery performance is reduced in a low-temperature environment is effectively solved. In addition, the built-in short circuit protection module and the built-in charging and discharging management module provide comprehensive safety guarantee for the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of starting power supplies and relates to an automobile starting power supply battery management system and an automobile starting power supply. Background Art

[0002] At present, automobile starting power mainly relies on lead-acid batteries. Although such batteries are cheap, they are prone to starting difficulties in cold weather or after long periods of non-use, and lack effective protection measures such as overcurrent and over-voltage protection. Although the battery management system in the prior art has improved battery performance to a certain extent, it still has problems such as inefficient energy utilization, insufficient starting current, and high system complexity.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to use lithium-ion batteries with higher energy density and stronger low-temperature resistance to replace traditional application solutions. However, the use of lithium-ion batteries requires the use of protection boards to protect and control the lithium-ion batteries to meet the application of various complex environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a vehicle starting power supply battery management system and a vehicle starting power supply.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle starting power supply battery management system, comprising a supercapacitor, a heating film, a charging and discharging MOS, a sampling resistor, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, an analog front-end chip and a microcontroller unit; one end of the sampling resistor is used to connect to one end of the starting power supply, and the other end is connected to the charging and discharging MOS and one end of the supercapacitor in sequence, and the other end of the supercapacitor is used to connect to the other end of the starting power supply; the heating film is used to cover the starting power supply; the charging and discharging MOS, the temperature acquisition circuit, the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the microcontroller unit are all connected to the analog front-end chip; the temperature acquisition circuit and the voltage acquisition circuit are respectively used to acquire the temperature and voltage of the starting power supply, and send them to the microcontroller unit through the analog front-end chip; the current acquisition circuit is used to acquire the current of the sampling resistor and send it to the microcontroller unit; a charging and discharging management module, a heating film management module and a short-circuit protection module are arranged in the microcontroller unit; the heating film management module is used to control the state of the heating film according to the temperature of the starting power supply; the short-circuit protection module is used to control the off state of the charging and discharging MOS according to the current of the sampling resistor; the charging and discharging management module is used to generate a charging and discharging control signal and send it to the analog front-end chip, and control the on state of the charging and discharging MOS through the analog front-end chip.

[0007] Optionally, the analog front-end chip adopts AFE-MT9818; the microcontroller unit adopts MCU-MT071.

[0008] Optionally, a 4G module is also included, and the 4G module is connected to the 4G communication port of the microcontroller unit; the 4G module is used for communication between the microcontroller unit and the cloud server.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a Bluetooth module and a CAN communication circuit; the Bluetooth module is connected to the Bluetooth communication port of the microcontroller unit; the CAN communication circuit is connected to the CAN communication port of the microcontroller unit.

[0010] Optionally, a GPS module is also included, and the GPS module is connected to the GPS port of the microcontroller unit.

[0011] Optionally, an RTC circuit is also included, and the RTC circuit is connected to a clock port of the microcontroller unit.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a charger detection circuit and a load detection circuit; the charger detection circuit and the load detection circuit are both connected to the microcontroller unit; the charger detection circuit is used to detect the charger connection status and send it to the microcontroller unit; the load detection circuit is used to detect the load connection status and send it to the microcontroller unit.

[0013] Optionally, an inverter is also included; the inverter is used to connect the starting power supply through the charging and discharging MOS, and convert the direct current provided by the starting power supply into alternating current for external output.

[0014] Optionally, a low-battery protection module is further provided in the microcontroller unit; the low-battery protection module is used to obtain the SOC of the startup power supply and control the sleep state of the startup power supply according to the SOC of the startup power supply.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an automobile starting power supply, comprising a starting power supply and the above-mentioned automobile starting power supply battery management system connected to the starting power supply.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The automobile starting power supply battery management system of the present invention effectively improves the reliability and emergency capability of automobile starting by integrating supercapacitors as auxiliary energy sources. Supercapacitors, with their high power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge characteristics, can provide strong instantaneous current at the moment of automobile starting, ensuring the smooth operation of the starting motor, especially under harsh conditions such as low temperature or insufficient battery power, and can still ensure reliable starting of the automobile. The design based on supercapacitors can instantly output a current of thousands of amperes, solving the disadvantages of conventional lithium battery protection boards that are easy to mis-trigger short-circuit protection and the battery cannot instantly output full-load current. At the same time, the temperature of the starting power supply is managed by the heating film management module, which effectively solves the problem of battery performance degradation in low temperature environments. The heating film can adjust the working state in real time according to the temperature of the starting power supply, ensuring that the battery operates within the optimal operating temperature range, thereby extending the battery life and improving the stability of battery performance. Furthermore, the short-circuit protection module and charge and discharge management module built into the system provide comprehensive safety protection for the entire system. The short-circuit protection module can monitor the current change of the sampling resistor in real time. Once an abnormal current is detected, the charge and discharge MOS is immediately controlled to be turned off, effectively preventing the safety hazards caused by short-circuit faults. The charge and discharge management module intelligently adjusts the charge and discharge strategy according to the real-time status of the starting power supply and supercapacitor to avoid damage to the battery caused by improper operations such as overcharging and over-discharging. In addition, through the close cooperation of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit, real-time monitoring and precise control of key parameters such as the starting power supply voltage, current and temperature are achieved, which not only improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system, but also provides strong support for fault diagnosis and early warning, making it easier for maintenance personnel to find and solve problems in a timely manner, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the automobile starting power supply battery management system.

[0018] Furthermore, communication devices such as 4G modules, Bluetooth modules and CAN communication circuits are designed to facilitate remote monitoring and analysis, and also to enable users to monitor the operating status of the starting power supply and battery life statistics in real time.

[0019] Furthermore, a low power protection module is provided, which is used to obtain the SOC of the starting power supply and control the sleep state of the starting power supply according to the SOC of the starting power supply, thereby preparing for the next car start-up and ignition to prevent the occurrence of starting power supply feeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the automobile starting power supply battery management system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0024] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle starting power supply battery management system is provided, including a super capacitor, a heating film, a charge and discharge MOS, a sampling resistor, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, an analog front-end chip and a microcontroller unit.

[0025] One end of the sampling resistor is used to connect to one end of the starting power supply, and the other end is connected to the charging and discharging MOS and one end of the super capacitor in sequence, and the other end of the super capacitor is used to connect to the other end of the starting power supply; the heating film is used to cover the starting power supply; the charging and discharging MOS, the temperature acquisition circuit, the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the microcontroller unit are all connected to the analog front-end chip; the temperature acquisition circuit and the voltage acquisition circuit are respectively used to acquire the temperature and voltage of the starting power supply, and send them to the microcontroller unit through the analog front-end chip; the current acquisition circuit is used to acquire the current of the sampling resistor and send it to the microcontroller unit; a charging and discharging management module, a heating film management module and a short-circuit protection module are set in the microcontroller unit; the heating film management module is used to control the state of the heating film according to the temperature of the starting power supply; the short-circuit protection module is used to control the off state of the charging and discharging MOS according to the current of the sampling resistor; the charging and discharging management module is used to generate a charging and discharging control signal and send it to the analog front-end chip, and control the on state of the charging and discharging MOS through the analog front-end chip.

[0026] Explanatory, the short-circuit protection module is used to control the off state of the charge-discharge MOS according to the current of the sampling resistor, which means that when the current of the sampling resistor is greater than the preset value, the charge-discharge MOS is controlled to remain in the off state. For example, when the positive and negative poles of the starting power supply are accidentally short-circuited together during the generator or wiring, the current flowing through the sampling resistor will jump to a larger value. By keeping the charge-discharge MOS off, the safety of the subsequent circuit and the operator is protected in time.

[0027] Exemplarily, the starting power source is a lithium-ion battery.

[0028] The automobile starting power supply battery management system of the present invention effectively improves the reliability and emergency capability of automobile starting by integrating supercapacitors as auxiliary energy sources. Supercapacitors, with their high power density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge characteristics, can provide strong instantaneous current at the moment of automobile starting, ensuring the smooth operation of the starting motor, especially under harsh conditions such as low temperature or insufficient battery power, and can still ensure reliable starting of the automobile. The design based on supercapacitors can instantly output a current of thousands of amperes, solving the disadvantages of conventional lithium battery protection boards that are easy to mis-trigger short-circuit protection and the battery cannot instantly output full-load current. At the same time, the temperature of the starting power supply is managed by the heating film management module, which effectively solves the problem of battery performance degradation in low temperature environments. The heating film can adjust the working state in real time according to the temperature of the starting power supply, ensuring that the battery operates within the optimal operating temperature range, thereby extending the battery life and improving the stability of battery performance. Furthermore, the short-circuit protection module and charge and discharge management module built into the system provide comprehensive safety protection for the entire system. The short-circuit protection module can monitor the current change of the sampling resistor in real time. Once an abnormal current is detected, the charge and discharge MOS is immediately controlled to be turned off, effectively preventing the safety hazards caused by short-circuit faults. The charge and discharge management module intelligently adjusts the charge and discharge strategy according to the real-time status of the starting power supply and supercapacitor to avoid damage to the battery caused by improper operations such as overcharging and over-discharging. In addition, through the close cooperation of the analog front-end chip and the microcontroller unit, real-time monitoring and precise control of key parameters such as the starting power supply voltage, current and temperature are achieved, which not only improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system, but also provides strong support for fault diagnosis and early warning, making it easier for maintenance personnel to find and solve problems in a timely manner, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the automobile starting power supply battery management system.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the analog front-end chip adopts AFE-MT9818; and the microcontroller unit adopts MCU-MT071.

[0030] Explanatory, AFE-MT9818 is a battery management analog front-end (AFE) chip, and MCU-MT071 is a 32-bit single-chip microcomputer (MCU). As a high-performance analog front-end chip, AFE-MT9818 has the characteristics of high precision, high integration and low power consumption. It can efficiently process analog signals from temperature acquisition circuit, voltage acquisition circuit and current acquisition circuit, and convert them into digital signals for MCU-MT071 processing. This high-precision signal conversion ensures the system's accurate monitoring of the startup power supply status, and provides a reliable data basis for subsequent charge and discharge management, heating film control and short-circuit protection. As a powerful microcontroller unit, MCU-MT071 has high-speed processing capabilities and rich peripheral resources. It can quickly respond to data transmitted by AFE-MT9818, and execute algorithms and logics in the charge and discharge management module, heating film management module and short-circuit protection module. The efficient processing capability of MCU-MT071 ensures that the system can control the status of the charge and discharge MOS in real time and accurately, adjust the operating temperature of the heating film, and quickly cut off the circuit when a short-circuit fault is detected, thereby protecting the system from damage.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes a 4G module, which is connected to a 4G communication port of the microcontroller unit; the 4G module is used for communication between the microcontroller unit and a cloud server.

[0032] Specifically, the communication between the microcontroller unit and the cloud server is realized by setting up a 4G module, which adds the ability of efficient and remote communication with the cloud server to the system. The addition of the 4G module enables the automobile starting power battery management system to upload key data, such as the voltage, current, temperature of the starting power supply, and the status of the supercapacitor, to the cloud server in real time. These data can then be used to remotely monitor, analyze performance, and warn of faults in the automobile starting power battery management system, so as to promptly discover problems and make product improvements, and quickly locate and solve problems, greatly improving maintenance efficiency and accuracy. In addition, it is also convenient for car owners to understand the status of the vehicle's starting power supply at any time to ensure driving safety.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes a Bluetooth module and a CAN communication circuit; the Bluetooth module is connected to the Bluetooth communication port of the microcontroller unit; and the CAN communication circuit is connected to the CAN communication port of the microcontroller unit.

[0034] Specifically, the vehicle starting power battery management system further incorporates a Bluetooth module and a CAN communication circuit, which are closely connected to the corresponding communication ports of the microcontroller unit to jointly build a diversified and efficient communication network. This design not only enhances the flexibility of the system, but also significantly improves its data interaction capabilities within the vehicle and with external devices.

[0035] In a possible implementation manner, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes a GPS module, and the GPS module is connected to a GPS port of the microcontroller unit.

[0036] Specifically, adding a GPS module can check the vehicle's operating location at any time, adding a layer of safety barrier.

[0037] In a possible implementation manner, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes an RTC circuit, and the RTC circuit is connected to a clock port of the microcontroller unit.

[0038] Specifically, the RTC circuit provides a precise time reference for the vehicle's starting power battery management system, which can accurately determine the timestamp. Whether the vehicle is started, driving, or parked, the RTC circuit can continuously and accurately provide current time information. This is essential for the system to record the timestamp of event occurrences, perform timing tasks, and perform time-related data analysis. For example, the system can accurately record the time of each charging and discharging operation, providing data support for subsequent energy management strategy optimization.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes a charger detection circuit and a load detection circuit; both the charger detection circuit and the load detection circuit are connected to the microcontroller unit; the charger detection circuit is used to detect the charger connection status and send it to the microcontroller unit; the load detection circuit is used to detect the load connection status and send it to the microcontroller unit.

[0040] Specifically, the main task of the charger detection circuit is to monitor the connection status of the charger in real time. It can identify whether the charger has been correctly connected to the power system, as well as the working status of the charger, such as whether it is charging and the charging current. The detected charger status information will be sent to the microcontroller unit in real time. Based on this information, the microcontroller unit can make corresponding control decisions based on this information, such as adjusting the charging strategy and protecting the battery from overcharging or over-discharging.

[0041] The load detection circuit is responsible for monitoring the connection status and working condition of the load (such as the car starter motor and on-board equipment). It can detect whether the load has been connected to the system, as well as key parameters such as the load power consumption and current demand. The load status information will also be sent to the microcontroller unit. Based on this information, the microcontroller unit can adjust the power output according to this information to ensure that the load is properly supplied with power while protecting the battery and power system from damage.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the automobile starting power supply battery management system further includes an inverter; the inverter is used to connect the starting power supply through the charging and discharging MOS, and convert the direct current provided by the starting power supply into alternating current for external output.

[0043] Specifically, the inverter is connected to the starting power supply through the charging and discharging MOS. The charging and discharging MOS acts as a switch here, controlling the on and off of the current, ensuring that the inverter can safely and effectively obtain DC power from the starting power supply when needed and convert it into AC power. For example, when parking, the starting power supply can power electrical equipment (such as air conditioners or induction cookers) through the inverter.

[0044] In a possible implementation manner, a low-battery protection module is further provided in the microcontroller unit; the low-battery protection module is used to obtain the SOC of the startup power supply and control the sleep state of the startup power supply according to the SOC of the startup power supply.

[0045] Specifically, the low-battery protection module integrated in the microcontroller unit can obtain the SOC of the starting power supply in real time, and intelligently control the sleep state of the starting power supply according to the SOC value, thereby effectively avoiding over-discharge of the battery, extending the battery life, and improving the reliability and safety of the entire vehicle starting power supply battery management system.

[0046] For example, when the SOC of the starting power source is lower than 10% due to long-term parking, the vehicle enters a low-battery protection stage, and the dormant state of the starting power source is controlled to be turned on for energy protection for the next ignition start.

[0047] In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an automobile starting power supply, comprising a starting power supply and the above-mentioned automobile starting power supply battery management system connected to the starting power supply.

[0048] By designing the above-mentioned automobile starting power supply battery management system in the automobile starting power supply, comprehensive management of the starting power supply can be achieved, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the starting power supply and enhancing environmental adaptability.

[0049] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automobile starting power supply battery management system, characterized in that: Including super capacitor, heating film, charging and discharging MOS, sampling resistor, temperature acquisition circuit, voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, analog front-end chip and microcontroller unit; One end of the sampling resistor is used to connect to one end of the starting power supply, and the other end is connected to the charging and discharging MOS and one end of the super capacitor in sequence, and the other end of the super capacitor is used to connect to the other end of the starting power supply; the heating film is used to cover the starting power supply; the charging and discharging MOS, the temperature acquisition circuit, the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the microcontroller unit are all connected to the analog front-end chip; the temperature acquisition circuit and the voltage acquisition circuit are respectively used to acquire the temperature and voltage of the starting power supply, and send them to the microcontroller unit through the analog front-end chip; the current acquisition circuit is used to acquire the current of the sampling resistor and send it to the microcontroller unit; a charging and discharging management module, a heating film management module and a short-circuit protection module are set in the microcontroller unit; the heating film management module is used to control the state of the heating film according to the temperature of the starting power supply; the short-circuit protection module is used to control the off state of the charging and discharging MOS according to the current of the sampling resistor; the charging and discharging management module is used to generate a charging and discharging control signal and send it to the analog front-end chip, and control the on state of the charging and discharging MOS through the analog front-end chip.

2. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog front-end chip adopts AFE-MT9818; the microcontroller unit adopts MCU-MT071.

3. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a 4G module, the 4G module being connected to a 4G communication port of the microcontroller unit; The 4G module is used for communication between the microcontroller unit and the cloud server.

4. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a Bluetooth module and a CAN communication circuit; the Bluetooth module is connected to the Bluetooth communication port of the microcontroller unit; and the CAN communication circuit is connected to the CAN communication port of the microcontroller unit.

5. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A GPS module is also included, and the GPS module is connected to the GPS port of the microcontroller unit.

6. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An RTC circuit is also included, and the RTC circuit is connected to a clock port of the microcontroller unit.

7. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a charger detection circuit and a load detection circuit; The charger detection circuit and the load detection circuit are both connected to the microcontroller unit; the charger detection circuit is used to detect the charger connection state and send it to the microcontroller unit; the load detection circuit is used to detect the load connection state and send it to the microcontroller unit.

8. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an inverter; the inverter is used to connect the starting power supply through the charging and discharging MOS, and convert the direct current provided by the starting power supply into alternating current for external output.

9. The automobile starting power supply battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low power protection module is also provided in the microcontroller unit; The low power protection module is used to obtain the SOC of the startup power supply and control the sleep state of the startup power supply according to the SOC of the startup power supply.

10. A car starting power supply, characterized in that: The invention comprises a starting power supply and an automobile starting power supply battery management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 connected to the starting power supply.

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