electric machine

Abstract

The application provides a motor, which comprises a casing, an end cover, a fan and a stator assembly. The end cover is fastened to the end of the casing, and the stator assembly is assembled to the inner side of the casing. The stator assembly comprises a stator core and a plurality of windings wound on the stator core. Each winding has a winding end portion between the stator core and the end cover. The inner side of the casing is formed with a spiral flow channel, and the fan is arranged in the spiral flow channel. The spiral flow channel surrounds the periphery of each winding end portion. The end cover is formed with a matching flow channel, which is communicated with the spiral flow channel. The end cover and the stator core form a motor inner cavity. The airflow driven by the fan flows through the spiral flow channel, the matching flow channel, the motor inner cavity, the winding end portion and back to the spiral flow channel to form an airflow circulation. According to the application, the airflow circulation driven by the fan can effectively cool the winding end portion with the highest temperature of the motor, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor, improving the operation efficiency of the motor, and finally increasing the torque density and power density of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor design technology, and specifically relates to a motor. Background Technology

[0002] Motor cooling has a significant impact on motor performance. Ineffective cooling and excessively high motor temperatures limit the motor's power and torque density. Good heat dissipation and cooling can greatly improve motor performance. The windings are the components that generate a lot of heat in a motor, and the ends of the windings, lacking efficient heat dissipation methods, become one of the hottest areas in the motor.

[0003] Existing air-cooled motors do not have direct cooling at the winding ends and cannot transfer heat through the stator core, relying solely on natural heat dissipation from the air inside the motor cavity. However, the air inside the motor cavity does not flow regularly, and the heat transfer efficiency of still air is low, causing internal temperature to accumulate. This results in inefficient heat dissipation at the winding ends, directly affecting the motor's performance and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a motor that can solve the technical problem that the air in the cavity of the existing air-cooled motor does not flow regularly and the heat transfer effect of the still air is not high, which causes the internal temperature to accumulate and the winding ends cannot be efficiently cooled, thus directly affecting the performance and reliability of the motor.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides an electric motor, comprising a housing, an end cover, a fan, and a stator assembly. The end cover is fastened to the end of the housing, and the stator assembly is assembled inside the housing. The stator assembly includes a stator core and multiple windings wound on the stator core, each winding having a winding end located between the stator core and the end cover. A helical flow channel is formed inside the housing, and the fan is disposed within the helical flow channel, which surrounds the periphery of each winding end. A mating flow channel is formed on the end cover, communicating with the helical flow channel. An inner cavity of the motor is also formed between the end cover and the stator core. The airflow driven by the fan flows sequentially through the helical flow channel, the mating flow channel, the inner cavity of the motor, and the winding ends, returning to the helical flow channel to form an airflow circulation.

[0006] In some embodiments, a heat-conducting structure is provided on the inner side of the housing. The heat-conducting structure is located between the stator core and the end cover. The heat-conducting structure includes a peripheral sidewall and a first spiral heat-conducting rib located radially inside the peripheral sidewall. The first spiral heat-conducting rib surrounds the periphery of each winding end. The first spiral heat-conducting rib cooperates with the peripheral sidewall to form the spiral flow channel. The outer peripheral surface of the peripheral sidewall contacts the inner peripheral surface of the housing.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first spiral heat-conducting rib is t1 along the radial direction of the motor, where 1mm ≤ t1 ≤ 3mm.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first spiral heat dissipation fin is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the root of the first spiral heat dissipation fin is aligned with the root of the first spiral heat-conducting fin.

[0010] In some embodiments, the height of the first spiral heat dissipation fin along the radial direction of the motor is h, h≥10mm; and / or, the thickness of the first spiral heat dissipation fin along the axial direction of the motor is t2, 1mm≤t2≤3mm.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second spiral heat-conducting rib is provided on the side of the end cover facing the stator core, and the second spiral heat-conducting rib cooperates with the end cover to form the mating flow channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, a second spiral heat dissipation fin is provided on the side of the end cover opposite to the stator core.

[0013] In some embodiments, the root of the second spiral heat dissipation fin is aligned with the root of the second spiral heat-conducting fin.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are two end caps, two fans, and two spiral channels. The two end caps are respectively fastened to both ends of the housing. The two spiral channels are respectively located between the stator core and the two end caps. The two fans are respectively disposed in the two spiral channels. The two end caps and the stator core form two motor cavities. Each winding has two winding ends located between the stator core and the two end caps.

[0015] The electric motor provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Because the fan-driven airflow sequentially flows through the spiral flow channel, the mating flow channel, the motor cavity, and the winding ends, and then returns to the spiral flow channel to form an airflow circulation, this application can effectively dissipate heat from the winding ends, which have the highest motor temperature, thereby increasing the motor's heat dissipation efficiency, improving motor operating efficiency, and ultimately increasing the motor's torque density and power density. It is understood that because the spiral flow channel is located inside the housing and the mating flow channel is formed on the end cover, the heat generated at the winding ends is ultimately transferred to the housing and end cover and dissipated outside the motor through the circulating airflow. Furthermore, because the fan is located inside the spiral flow channel, and the spiral flow channel surrounds the periphery of each winding end, when the fan is running, the airflow it drives will spiral forward along the spiral flow channel, thus providing multi-turn, multi-layered heat dissipation to the winding ends, further improving heat dissipation efficiency. Moreover, because the circulating airflow for dissipating heat from the winding ends only flows inside the motor and does not exchange with the outside air, this application, while effectively dissipating heat from the winding ends, can also ensure the motor's sealing and high protection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A of the motor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the motor structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0023] 1. Housing; 2. End cover; 3. Fan; 4. Stator core; 5. Winding end; 6. Spiral flow channel; 7. Fitting flow channel; 8. Motor inner cavity; 9. Peripheral side wall; 10. First spiral heat-conducting rib; 11. Annular heat-dissipating rib; 12. Second spiral heat-conducting rib; 13. Second spiral heat-dissipating rib; 14. Shaft; 15. Motor rotor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 4As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an electric motor is provided, including a housing 1, an end cover 2, a fan 3, and a stator assembly. The end cover 2 is fastened to the end of the housing 1, and the stator assembly is assembled inside the housing 1. The stator assembly includes a stator core 4 and multiple windings wound on the stator core 4. Each winding has a winding end 5 located between the stator core 4 and the end cover 2. A spiral flow channel 6 is formed inside the housing 1, and the fan 3 is disposed within the spiral flow channel 6. The spiral flow channel 6 surrounds the periphery of each winding end 5. A mating flow channel 7 is formed on the end cover 2, communicating with the spiral flow channel 6. An inner cavity 8 of the motor is also formed between the end cover 2 and the stator core 4. The airflow driven by the fan 3 flows sequentially through the spiral flow channel 6, the mating flow channel 7, the inner cavity 8, and the winding end 5, and returns to the spiral flow channel 6 to form an airflow circulation.

[0029] In this technical solution, since the airflow driven by the fan 3 flows sequentially through the spiral channel 6, the mating channel 7, the motor cavity 8, and the winding end 5, and returns to the spiral channel 6 to form an airflow circulation, this application can effectively dissipate heat from the winding end 5, which has the highest motor temperature, thereby increasing the motor's heat dissipation efficiency, improving the motor's operating efficiency, and ultimately increasing the motor's torque density and power density. It is understood that because the spiral channel 6 is located inside the housing 1, and the mating channel 7 is formed on the end cover 2, the heat generated at the winding end 5 is ultimately transferred to the housing 1 and the end cover 2 through the circulating airflow and dissipated outside the motor. Furthermore, since the fan 3 is located inside the spiral channel 6, and the spiral channel 6 surrounds the periphery of each winding end 5, when the fan 3 is running, the airflow it drives will spiral forward along the spiral channel 6, thereby also dissipating heat from the winding end 5 in multiple turns and layers, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, since the circulating airflow that dissipates heat from the winding end 5 only flows inside the motor and does not exchange with the outside air, this application can ensure the motor's sealing and high protection while effectively dissipating heat from the winding end 5.

[0030] It should be noted that in existing technologies, a fan is mounted on the motor shaft 14 to dissipate heat from the winding end 5. Since the fan is driven by the shaft 14, the airflow generated by the fan is limited by the motor speed. This results in insufficient airflow at low motor speeds, failing to effectively dissipate heat from the winding end 5. In contrast, the fan 3 in this application is a separate unit, effectively dissipating heat from the winding end 5 even at low motor speeds or when the motor is stopped. For power connection to the fan 3, a wiring port can be provided on the housing 1 or end cover 2, through which the external power cord is electrically connected to the fan 3. Considering the space constraints for installing the fan 3 within the spiral flow channel 6, this heat dissipation solution for the winding end 5 is primarily applied to large motors. Therefore, the space in the spiral flow channel 6 can be designed to be larger, and a small blower fan can be used to ensure that the fan 3 can be installed within the spiral flow channel 6. Of course, if the space within the spiral flow channel 6 allows, the number of fans 3 can also be set to two or more to enhance the heat dissipation effect.

[0031] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a heat-conducting structure is provided on the inner side of the housing 1. The heat-conducting structure is located between the stator core 4 and the end cover 2. The heat-conducting structure includes a peripheral sidewall 9 and a first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 located radially inside the peripheral sidewall 9. The first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 surrounds the periphery of each winding end 5. The first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 and the peripheral sidewall 9 cooperate to form a spiral flow channel 6. The outer peripheral surface of the peripheral sidewall 9 contacts the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 and the peripheral sidewall 9 not only forms the spiral flow channel 6, but also increases the contact area between the heat-conducting structure and the circulating airflow. This allows the heat generated at the winding end 5 to be transferred to the heat-conducting structure more quickly and extensively through the circulating airflow, and then transferred by the heat-conducting structure to the housing 1. Finally, the heat is dissipated from the housing 1 to the outside of the motor. In other words, the arrangement of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the winding end 5. It is understood that the wall of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 is constructed with clearance notches to facilitate the installation of the fan 3 in the spiral flow channel 6. It should be noted that the heat-conducting structure and the housing 1 are interference-fitted. The reason why the spiral heat-conducting rib is not directly arranged on the inner surface of the housing 1 to form the spiral flow channel 6 is that if the spiral heat-conducting rib is arranged, the stator core 4 cannot be installed in the housing 1. By setting up a separate heat-conducting structure and forming a spiral flow channel 6 on it, the stator core 4 can be installed into the housing 1 first, and then the heat-conducting structure can be installed into the housing 1, so as not to affect the installation of the stator core 4.

[0033] As a specific implementation method, the thickness of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 along the radial direction of the motor is t1, where 1mm≤t1≤3mm. This ensures that the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 has good structural strength without affecting the heat conduction effect due to excessive thickness.

[0034] See Figure 3 As shown, a first spiral heat dissipation fin is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 1.

[0035] In this technical solution, the first spiral heat dissipation fin increases the contact area between the housing 1 and the outside air, allowing the heat transferred to the housing 1 to dissipate to the outside more quickly, thereby indirectly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the winding end 5. It is understood that the heat dissipation fins on the outer circumference of the housing 1 can also be multi-turn annular heat dissipation fins 11, which can also improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the housing 1.

[0036] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the root of the first spiral heat dissipation fin is aligned with the root of the first spiral heat-conducting fin 10.

[0037] In this embodiment, the root of the first spiral heat dissipation rib is the junction between the first spiral heat dissipation rib and the housing 1, and the root of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 is the junction between the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 and the peripheral sidewall 9. When the root of the first spiral heat dissipation rib is aligned with the root of the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10, the heat transfer efficiency from the first spiral heat-conducting rib 10 to the first spiral heat dissipation rib can be improved, thereby further improving the heat dissipation of the winding end 5 of this application.

[0038] More specifically, along the radial direction of the motor, the height of the first spiral cooling fin is h, where h ≥ 10mm. This ensures that the first spiral cooling fin has a reasonable height to guarantee the heat dissipation effect. Along the axial direction of the motor, the thickness of the first spiral cooling fin is t2, where 1mm ≤ t2 ≤ 3mm. This ensures that the first spiral cooling fin has good structural strength without compromising its heat dissipation effect due to excessive thickness.

[0039] See Figure 1 As shown, a second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 is provided on the side of the end cover 2 facing the stator core 4. The second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 and the end cover 2 cooperate to form a matching flow channel 7.

[0040] In this embodiment, the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 is configured such that the mating flow channel 7 is also a spiral flow channel. Therefore, the circulating airflow travels in a spiral along the mating flow channel 7, allowing the circulating airflow to make multi-turn, multi-layered contact with the end cover 2 and the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12. This allows the heat generated at the winding end 5 to be transferred to the end cover 2 more quickly and extensively through the circulating airflow, and then dissipated from the end cover 2 to the outside of the motor. In other words, the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 further improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the winding end 5. A certain electrical safety distance is reserved between the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 and the winding end 5.

[0041] See Figure 1 As shown, a second spiral heat dissipation fin 13 is provided on the side of the end cover 2 away from the stator core 4.

[0042] In this technical solution, the setting of the second spiral heat dissipation fin 13 increases the contact area between the end cover 2 and the outside air, so that the heat transferred to the end cover 2 can be dissipated to the outside more quickly, thereby indirectly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the winding end 5.

[0043] See Figure 1 As shown, the root of the second spiral heat dissipation fin 13 is aligned with the root of the second spiral heat conduction fin 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, the root of the second spiral heat dissipation rib 13 is the junction between the second spiral heat dissipation rib 13 and the end cap 2, and the root of the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 is the junction between the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 and the end cap 2. When the root of the second spiral heat dissipation rib 13 is aligned with the root of the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12, the heat transfer efficiency from the second spiral heat-conducting rib 12 to the second spiral heat dissipation rib 13 can be improved, thereby further improving the heat dissipation of the winding end 5 of this application.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, there are two end caps 2, two fans 3, and two spiral flow channels 6. The two end caps 2 are respectively fastened to both ends of the housing 1. The two spiral flow channels 6 are respectively located between the stator core 4 and the two end caps 2. The two fans 3 are respectively arranged in the two spiral flow channels 6. The two end caps 2 and the stator core 4 form two motor cavities 8. Each winding has two winding ends 5 located between the stator core 4 and the two end caps 2. That is, the air-cooling scheme of this application can be applied to the two winding ends 5 of the winding simultaneously, so as to dissipate heat from each winding end 5 at both ends of the stator core 4, and to make the motor uniformly dissipate heat. Among them, the two end caps 2 are the front end cap and the rear end cap of the motor, respectively. The motor rotor 15 is arranged on the radial inner side of the stator core 4.

[0046] It should also be noted that, Figure 4 The diagram shows another embodiment of this application. Figure 4In this design, the flow channel 7 is directly constructed within the wall of the end cover 2. One end of the flow channel 7 is connected to the spiral flow channel 6, and the other end of the flow channel 7 is connected to the motor cavity 8. The flow channel 7 is equipped with small heat dissipation fins. This design can also achieve the purpose of heat dissipation of the winding end 5 by circulating the airflow through the spiral flow channel 6, the flow channel 7, the motor cavity 8, and the winding end 5.

[0047] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), an end cover (2), a fan (3), and a stator assembly. The end cover (2) is fastened to the end of the housing (1), and the stator assembly is assembled on the inner side of the housing (1). The stator assembly includes a stator core (4) and a plurality of windings wound on the stator core (4). Each winding has a winding end (5) located between the stator core (4) and the end cover (2). A spiral flow channel (6) is formed on the inner side of the housing (1), the fan (3) is disposed in the spiral flow channel (6), the spiral flow channel (6) surrounds the periphery of each winding end (5), a mating flow channel (7) is formed on the end cover (2), the mating flow channel (7) communicates with the spiral flow channel (6), and a motor cavity (8) is also formed between the end cover (2) and the stator core (4); The airflow driven by the fan (3) flows sequentially through the spiral flow channel (6), the matching flow channel (7), the motor cavity (8), the winding end (5), and returns to the spiral flow channel (6) to form an airflow circulation; A heat-conducting structure is provided on the inner side of the housing (1). The heat-conducting structure is located between the stator core (4) and the end cover (2). The heat-conducting structure includes a peripheral sidewall (9) and a first spiral heat-conducting rib (10) located radially inside the peripheral sidewall (9). The first spiral heat-conducting rib (10) surrounds the periphery of each winding end (5). The first spiral heat-conducting rib (10) cooperates with the peripheral sidewall (9) to form the spiral flow channel (6). The outer peripheral surface of the peripheral sidewall (9) contacts the inner peripheral surface of the housing (1).

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the motor, the thickness of the first spiral heat-conducting rib (10) is t1, 1mm≤t1≤3mm.

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the casing (1) is provided with a first spiral heat dissipation fin.

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The root of the first spiral heat dissipation rib is aligned with the root of the first spiral heat-conducting rib (10).

5. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the motor, the height of the first spiral heat dissipation fin is h, h≥10mm; and / or, along the axial direction of the motor, the thickness of the first spiral heat dissipation fin is t2, 1mm≤t2≤3mm.

6. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap (2) is provided with a second spiral heat-conducting rib (12) on the side facing the stator core (4), and the second spiral heat-conducting rib (12) cooperates with the end cap (2) to form the matching flow channel (7).

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end cap (2) is provided with a second spiral heat dissipation fin (13) on the side opposite to the stator core (4).

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The root of the second spiral heat dissipation rib (13) is aligned with the root of the second spiral heat conduction rib (12).

9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The number of end caps (2), fans (3) and spiral channels (6) are all two. The two end caps (2) are respectively fastened to both ends of the housing (1). The two spiral channels (6) are respectively located between the stator core (4) and the two end caps (2). The two fans (3) are respectively arranged in the two spiral channels (6). The two end caps (2) and the stator core (4) respectively form two motor cavities (8). Each winding has two winding ends (5) located between the stator core (4) and the two end caps (2).

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