Method for promoting germination and growth of michelia guangdongensis seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting germination and growth of michelia guangdongensis seeds. The method comprises the following steps: A, collecting seeds after follicles of michelia guangdongensis become light red, putting the collected michelia guangdongensis fruits in a shade place, taking out red seeds after peels crack, completely soaking the seeds with red testa in water, adding river sand and a cleaning agent, rubbing to remove the testa, and then cleaning impurities and grease to obtain clean black seeds; b, the black seeds are disinfected and then soaked in an IAA solution with the mass concentration ranging from 10 mg / L to 100 mg / L or a GA3 solution with the mass concentration ranging from 300 mg / L to 500 mg / L, and then the black seeds are cultured till germination; and C, growing the germinated seeds into seedlings in the matrix. According to the method, dormancy of michelia guangdongensis seeds can be relieved to a certain extent through the steps of seed collection, seed treatment and the like. The germination time of the seeds treated by hormones can be shortened, the germination time is advanced by 100 days, and the germination rate reaches 20.00-33.33%. The dormancy of the seeds treated after the pearlite is subjected to normal-temperature laminated storage for 120 days can be completely relieved, and the germination rate reaches 86.90%-100.00%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for promoting the germination and growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds. Background Art

[0002] Michelia guangdongensis YHYan, QWZeng & F.W.Xing, an evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Michelia in the Magnoliaceae family, is up to 5 meters tall. Michelia guangdongensis is evergreen all year round, with a compact tree shape. The buds, young branches, leaf backs, petioles and flower buds are densely covered with reddish-brown short soft hairs. The mature leaves are round and textured, and the whole plant shines brightly under the sun; its flowers are as white as snow and full of fragrance, with extremely high ornamental value. It is an excellent native tree species for garden beautification, park and scenic area greening, and potted plants.

[0003] Michelia guangdongensis is a plant endemic to Guangdong. It is a national second-level key protected wild plant and a key protected wild plant in Guangdong Province. It was rated as "endangered" by the IUCN in 2021. It is naturally distributed in Yingde City, Qujiang District of Shaoguan City and Ruyuan County in northern Guangdong. It often grows in mid-subtropical mountain evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests and mountaintop shrubs at an altitude of 900-1400m.

[0004] The native habitat of Guangdong Michelia is a mountainous area with a relatively high altitude. The natural fruiting rate of the native population is low and the seeds are scarce. Its seeds have an aromatic smell and are easily eaten by birds and rodents. It is rare to renew seedlings in the native habitat. When introduced to low altitudes or southern areas, they generally grow poorly and often bear fruit. In Guangzhou, only grafting and introduction and domestication have been successful, and its seed propagation has not been reported. According to observations, Guangdong Michelia seeds have dormant characteristics. Usually, after the fruits mature in mid-to-late August, the seeds will not germinate until January of the following year. In addition, Guangdong Michelia grows slowly in the seedling stage, and it usually takes 3 years to be planted. Seedlings are prone to die during the seedling stage, and special substrates and management are required to promote their growth. In production, the slow growth of seeds during seedling dormancy can easily lead to problems such as low germination rate and difficulty in management, which greatly limits the cultivation of seedlings and their application in landscaping. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a method for promoting the germination and growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds.

[0006] A method for promoting germination and growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] A. When the follicles of Guangdong Michelia turn light red, you can collect seeds. Put the collected Guangdong Michelia fruits in a cool place. After the peel cracks, take out the red seeds. Soak the seeds with softened red outer seed coat completely in water, add river sand and detergent, rub to remove the seed coat, and then clean the impurities and grease to obtain clean black seeds.

[0008] B. After sterilizing the black seeds, soak them in a solution of IAA with a mass concentration range of 10-100 mg / L or a solution of GA3 with a mass concentration range of 300-500 mg / L, and then culture them until they germinate;

[0009] C. Or sterilize the black seeds, store them in perlite stratification at room temperature for 120 days, and then culture them until they germinate;

[0010] D. Grow the germinated seeds into seedlings in the substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the soaking time in step B is 48 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the cultivation in steps B and C is to soak or stratify the seeds for storage, take them out and rinse them with clean water for 3 times, evenly place them on a tray with desalted coconut bran at the bottom for sufficient water absorption, and then cover the seeds with a thin layer of coconut bran, and cultivate them in an incubator at a temperature of 25-30° C. During the cultivation process, keep the coconut bran moist and keep the seeds clean and mold-free.

[0013] Preferably, the matrix is ​​a mixture of 5 parts of loess soil, 2 parts of straw ash soil, 2 parts of coconut bran and 1 part of perlite by volume.

[0014] Preferably, the growth temperature in steps B and C is 25-30°C.

[0015] The invention can release the dormancy of Michelia guangdongensis seeds to a certain extent through the steps of seed collection and seed treatment. The seeds treated with hormones can shorten the germination time, advance the germination time by 100 days, and the germination rate reaches 20.00-33.33%. The seeds treated with perlite stratification and storage at room temperature for 120 days can completely release the dormancy, and the germination rate reaches 86.90%-100.00%. The method used by the invention can successfully solve the problems of dormancy and slow growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds, and is simple to operate, low in cost, and easy to promote on a large scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1:

[0018] A method for promoting germination and growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0019] (1) Seed treatment: The seeds of Michelia guangdongensis can be collected when the follicles turn light red from late August to early September. Place the collected Michelia guangdongensis fruits in a cool place and take out the red seeds after the peel cracks. After the red outer seed coat softens, soak it completely in water, add river sand and a small amount of detergent, rub it to remove the seed coat, and then clean the impurities and grease to obtain clean black seeds.

[0020] (2) The black seeds obtained in step (1) are completely immersed in a potassium permanganate solution having a mass concentration of 0.3-0.5% for disinfection for 30 minutes, and then taken out and rinsed with clean water for 3 times.

[0021] (3) Take the seeds in the above step (2) and soak them completely in IAA (mass concentration range: 10-100 mg / L) or GA3 (mass concentration range: 300-500 mg / L) solution for 48 hours, take them out and rinse them with clean water for 3 times, and evenly place them on a tray with fully absorbed desalted coconut husk at the bottom, the thickness of the coconut husk is about 2 cm, and then cover the seeds with coconut husk about 0.5 cm thick. Place them in an incubator at a temperature of 25-30°C to promote germination.

[0022] (4) During the culture process in the above step (3), the coconut bran is kept moist and the seeds are kept clean and mold-free.

[0023] (5) After the above step (4), the seeds began to germinate after 4 days and reached the germination peak after 16 days.

[0024] (6) The Michelia guangdongensis seeds treated by the above steps (1) to (4) can effectively promote the germination of the seeds 100 days earlier, and the germination rate can reach 20.00-33.33% (Table 1-4).

[0025] Table 1: Effects of plant growth regulator GA3 on germination of Michelia glabra seeds (replicate 1)

[0026]

[0027] Table 2 Effects of plant growth regulator GA3 on germination of Michelia glabra seeds (repeat 2)

[0028]

[0029] Table 3 Effects of plant growth regulator IAA on germination of Michelia glabra seeds (replicate 1)

[0030]

[0031] Table 4 Effects of plant growth regulator IAA on germination of Michelia glabra seeds (replicate 2)

[0032]

[0033] (7) Take the seeds from step (1) and store them in perlite stratification at room temperature for 120 days.

[0034] (8) The perlite used for layering storage in the above step (7) is new perlite after Class I disinfection, with a water content of about 10-15%. The seeds and perlite are mixed in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:5 and placed in a pot with a bottom hole, with a thickness of no more than 30 cm, and then covered with about 3-5 cm of perlite, and placed in a cool place. During storage, the perlite is kept moist and does not mold, and the temperature is kept roughly the same as the room temperature.

[0035] (9) Place the seeds from step (7) on a tray with fully absorbed desalted coconut husk at the bottom, the coconut husk thickness of the tray is about 2 cm, and then cover the seeds with coconut husk about 0.5 cm thick. Then place the tray in an incubator at 25-30° C. to germinate, keeping the coconut husk moist.

[0036] (10) The seeds treated in step (9) began to germinate on the 9th day, with a germination rate of 86.4%-100.0% (Table 5 and Table 6), which can effectively promote seed germination and improve the seed germination rate.

[0037] Table 5 Effects of 120-day storage treatment on seed germination of Michelia guangdongensis

[0038] temperature 20℃ 25℃ 30℃ Germination rate (%) 67.33 86.90 86.43

[0039] Table 6 Effects of 120-day storage treatment on germination of Michelia guangdongensis seeds

[0040] temperature 20℃ 25℃ 30℃ Germination rate (%) 80.00 100.00 100.00

[0041] (11) The germinated seeds treated with (5) or (9) above were sown in seedling bags filled with formulated soil, and a black shading net with a light transmittance of 50% was placed 1 m above the seedling bags.

[0042] (12) The seedling bag in the above step (11) is a non-woven seedling bag (the seedling bag has a diameter of 12 cm and a height of 16 cm after being filled with the matrix). The formula soil is a mixture of 5 parts of loess soil, 2 parts of grass ash soil, 2 parts of coconut bran, and 1 part of perlite (the ratio is 5:2:2:1) after being sieved through a 5-7 mm aperture sieve. The loess soil is deep mountain yellow soil, and the grass ash soil is soil mixed with dry grass and a small amount of garden soil and burned. The loess soil and garden soil are used as controls.

[0043] (13) The seedling bags planted in the above step (11) are evenly watered according to normal seedling management. The seeds grow true leaves in about 50 days. Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N, P, K ratio are 15%) is applied once every 2 months. Each time, 300 mL of a 1% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer aqueous solution is applied to each seedling bag.

[0044] (14) One year after being treated in the above step (13), the height of the Guangdong Michelia seedlings in the formulated soil can reach 40 cm, and the survival rate is over 90%.

[0045] Table 7 Effect of substrate on height growth of Michelia guangdongensis seedlings

[0046] Matrix type yellow heart soil Garden Soil Formula soil Seedling height after 1 year (cm) 20.2 22.5 40.1 Survival rate after 1 year (%) 43.2 31.7 90.3

[0047] Table 8 Effect of substrate on height growth of Michelia guangdongensis seedlings

[0048] Matrix type yellow heart soil Garden Soil Formula soil Seedling height after 1 year (cm) 24.7 26.4 41.3 Survival rate after 1 year (%) 43.2 31.7 91.1

Claims

1. A method for promoting germination and growth of Michelia guangdongensis seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. When the follicles of Guangdong Michelia turn light red, you can collect seeds. Put the collected Guangdong Michelia fruits in a cool place. After the peel cracks, take out the red seeds. Soak the seeds with softened red outer seed coat completely in water, add river sand and detergent, rub to remove the seed coat, and then clean the impurities and grease to obtain clean black seeds. B. After sterilizing the black seeds, soak them in a solution of IAA with a mass concentration range of 10-100 mg / L or a solution of GA3 with a mass concentration range of 300-500 mg / L, and then culture them until they germinate; C. Or sterilize the black seeds, store them in perlite stratification at room temperature, and then culture them until they germinate; D. Grow the germinated seeds into seedlings in the substrate.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The soaking time in step B is 48 hours.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The layered storage in step C is 120 days.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation in the steps B and C is to soak or layer the seeds for storage, take them out and rinse them with clean water for three times, evenly place them on a tray with desalted coconut bran at the bottom for sufficient water absorption, and then cover the seeds with a thin layer of coconut bran, and place them in an incubator at a temperature of 25-30°C for cultivation. During the cultivation process, the coconut bran is kept moist to keep the seeds clean and free from mold.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The matrix is ​​calculated by volume and includes 5 parts of loess soil, 2 parts of grass ash soil, 2 parts of coconut bran and 1 part of perlite mixture.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The growth temperature in steps B and C is 20-30°C.

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