Biogas type biomass hydrogen production device and hydrogen production method

Abstract

The invention provides a biogas type biomass hydrogen production device and method, and the device comprises a fermentation device which is used for biogas fermentation; the purification device is communicated with the fermentation device and is used for purifying the methane gas; the reactor is communicated with the purification device, and a catalyst layer is arranged in the reactor; the hydrogen storage container is communicated with the reactor; the carbon removal bin is connected to one side of the reactor, a first through opening communicated with the interior of the carbon removal bin is formed in the position of the catalyst layer on the reactor, and a carbon removal device is arranged in the carbon removal bin. The first port is formed in one side of the reactor and communicated with the carbon removal bin, so that a catalyst layer flows into the carbon removal bin along the first port and flows along the runner, and when the catalyst layer flows to the position of the scraping block in front of the second port, a carbon product at the top of the catalyst layer is scraped out of the runner and falls off; therefore, the by-product carbon of methane catalytic cracking in the biogas is effectively removed, the activity of the catalyst is maintained, and the hydrogen production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production method. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen has a wide range of uses in industry. In recent years, due to the rapid development of fine chemicals, anthraquinone method for hydrogen peroxide, powder metallurgy, oil hydrogenation, forestry and agricultural product hydrogenation, bioengineering, petroleum refining hydrogenation and hydrogen fuel clean vehicles, the demand for pure hydrogen has increased rapidly. Biogas is a mixed gas produced by the fermentation of organic matter by microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. Biogas is composed of 50%-80% methane (CH4), 20%-40% carbon dioxide (CO2), 0%-5% nitrogen (N2), less than 1% hydrogen (H2), less than 0.4% oxygen (O2) and 0.1%-3% hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

[0003] Biogas hydrogen production processes include steam reforming, oxidative reforming, catalytic cracking, etc. Among them, catalytic cracking is to purify biogas to obtain methane and then catalytically crack it to produce hydrogen. In the prior art, such as the Chinese patent CN212559452U authorized and announced on 2021-02-19, a biomethane hydrogen production equipment is disclosed. The methane separated and purified from biogas is cracked to produce hydrogen, which can avoid the generation of CO2 and CO. In the global environment of carbon reduction, the development of catalytic cracking hydrogen production is even more important.

[0004] However, the byproduct carbon (CH4→C+2H2) produced in the methane cracking process easily adheres to the catalyst surface and causes catalyst poisoning. In the above-mentioned prior art, the carbon removal process of the catalyst is not taken into consideration, resulting in poor hydrogen production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production method, which can effectively remove the byproduct carbon of catalytic cracking of methane in biogas, maintain the activity of the catalyst, and improve the hydrogen production efficiency;

[0006] The present invention provides a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, comprising: a fermentation device, used for biogas fermentation; a purification device, which is connected to the fermentation device and used for purifying methane gas; a reactor, which is connected to the purification device and has a catalyst layer arranged inside the reactor; a hydrogen storage container, which is connected to the reactor; and a carbon removal bin, which is connected to one side of the reactor, a first port connected to the carbon removal bin is arranged at the position of the catalyst layer on the reactor, and a carbon removal device is arranged inside the carbon removal bin.

[0007] Furthermore, the carbon removal device comprises a flow channel, and an inlet end of the flow channel is connected to the first opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the carbon removal device comprises a second opening, the second opening is opened on the outer wall of the carbon removal bin, and the outlet end of the flow channel is connected to the second opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbon removal device comprises a scraper block, which is arranged on a side of the second opening adjacent to the flow channel.

[0010] Furthermore, there is a distance between the bottom end of the scraper block and the flow channel, and the distance is smaller than the height of the catalyst liquid level on the flow channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the front end of the scraper block is a V-shaped tip structure.

[0012] Furthermore, a collecting bin is provided on one side of the carbon removal bin, which is connected to the second port; a reflux bin is provided on one side of the reactor, a third port is opened on the reactor and connected to the interior of the reflux bin; the collecting bin is connected to the interior of the reflux bin through a drainage pipe, and a pump is provided on the drainage pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple layers of catalyst layers are arranged at intervals along the height direction in the reactor, multiple layers of flow channels are arranged in the carbon removal bin, each group of catalyst layers is connected to different first ports and third ports, and the bottom of the carbon removal bin is connected to a carbon storage container.

[0014] The present invention also provides a hydrogen production method for a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, comprising the following steps: S1, biogas flows from a fermentation device into a purification device, and methane gas is obtained after purification, and the methane gas flows into a reactor; S2.1, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor, and after the reaction time is set, the pump is started, and the catalyst layer flows from the first port into the flow channel in the carbon removal bin, and flows along the flow channel to the second port, and when it flows to the scraper block in front of the second port, the scraper block scrapes the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer in the flow channel out of the flow channel, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin and enters the carbon storage container for collection; S3, the catalyst layer from which the carbon product is scraped enters the collection bin through the second port, and enters the reflux bin through the drainage pipe, and is distributed through each third port in the reflux bin and then returns to the catalyst layer of different layers; S4, steps S2.1 and S3 are repeated; S5, the hydrogen product rises in the reactor and enters the hydrogen storage container for collection.

[0015] The present invention also provides a hydrogen production method for a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, comprising the following steps: S1, biogas flows from a fermentation device into a purification device, and methane gas is obtained after purification, and the methane gas flows into a reactor; S2.2, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor, and a pump is started to control the catalyst layer to continuously flow toward the first port, and the catalyst layer flows from the first port into a flow channel in a carbon removal bin, and flows along the flow channel to a second port, and when it flows to a scraper block in front of the second port, the scraper block scrapes the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer in the flow channel out of the flow channel, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin and enters a carbon storage container for collection; S3, the catalyst layer from which the carbon product has been scraped enters a collecting bin through the second port, and enters a reflux bin through a drainage pipe, and is distributed through each third port in the reflux bin and then returns to the catalyst layers of different layers; S4, steps S2.1 and S3 are repeated; S5, the hydrogen product rises in the reactor and enters a hydrogen storage container for collection.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is to open a first port on one side of the reactor and connect it to the carbon removal bin, so that the catalyst layer flows into the carbon removal bin along the first port and flows along the flow channel. When it flows to the scraper position in front of the second port, the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer is scraped out of the flow channel and falls, thereby effectively removing the by-product carbon of catalytic cracking of methane in biogas, maintaining the activity of the catalyst, and improving the hydrogen production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram at the second port;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the catalyst layer of the present invention;

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1-fermentation device; 2-purification device; 3-reactor; 301-catalyst layer; 302-first port; 303-third port; 4-hydrogen storage container; 5-carbon removal chamber; 501-flow channel; 502-second port; 503-scraper; 6-collection chamber; 7-reflux chamber; 8-pump; 9-drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a biogas biomass hydrogen production device, including: a fermentation device 1, used for biogas fermentation; a purification device 2, the purification device 2 is connected to the fermentation device 1, and is used to purify methane gas; a reactor 3, the reactor 3 is connected to the purification device 2, and a catalyst layer 301 is provided in the reactor 3; a hydrogen storage container 4, the hydrogen storage container 4 is connected to the reactor 3; a carbon removal bin 5, the carbon removal bin 5 is connected to one side of the reactor 3, and a first opening 302 connected to the carbon removal bin 5 is provided at the position of the catalyst layer 301 on the reactor 3, and a carbon removal device is provided in the carbon removal bin 5.

[0028] The carbon removal device includes a flow channel 501, and the inlet end of the flow channel 501 is connected to the first port 302. The carbon removal device includes a second port 502, and the second port 502 is opened on the outer wall of the carbon removal bin 5, and the outlet end of the flow channel 501 is connected to the second port 502. The carbon removal device includes a scraper 503, and the scraper 503 is arranged on a side of the second port 502 adjacent to the flow channel 501. There is a gap between the bottom end of the scraper 503 and the flow channel 501, and the gap is less than the height of the catalyst liquid level on the flow channel 501. The front end of the scraper 503 is a V-shaped tip structure.

[0029] A collecting bin 6 is provided on one side of the carbon removal bin 5, and the collecting bin 6 is connected to the second port 502; a reflux bin 7 is provided on one side of the reactor 3, and a third port 303 is provided on the reactor 3 and is connected to the inside of the reflux bin 7; the collecting bin 6 is connected to the inside of the reflux bin 7 through a drainage pipe 9, and a pump 8 is provided on the drainage pipe 9. Multiple layers of catalyst layers 301 are arranged at intervals along the height direction in the reactor 3, and multiple layers of flow channels 501 are arranged in the carbon removal bin 5, and each group of catalyst layers 301 is connected to different first ports 302 and third ports 303, and the bottom of the carbon removal bin 5 is connected to a carbon storage container.

[0030] The present invention also provides a hydrogen production method of a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, comprising the following steps: S1, biogas flows from a fermentation device 1 into a purification device 2, and methane gas is obtained after purification, and the methane gas flows into a reactor 3; S2.1, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor 3, and after the reaction time is set, the pump 8 is started, and the catalyst layer 301 flows from the first port 302 into the flow channel 501 in the carbon removal bin 5, and flows along the flow channel 501 to the second port 502, and when it flows to the scraper 503 in front of the second port 502, the scraper 50 3. The carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer 301 in the flow channel 501 is scraped out of the flow channel 501, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin 5 and enters the carbon storage container for collection; S3. The catalyst layer 301 from which the carbon product is scraped enters the collection bin 6 through the second opening 502, and enters the reflux bin 7 through the drainage pipe 9, and is distributed in the reflux bin 7 through each third opening 303 and then returns to the catalyst layer 301 of different layers; S4. Steps S2.1 and S3 are repeated; S5. The hydrogen product rises in the reactor 3 and enters the hydrogen storage container 4 for collection.

[0031] The present invention also provides a hydrogen production method of a biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, comprising the following steps: S1, biogas flows from a fermentation device 1 into a purification device 2, and methane gas is obtained after purification, and the methane gas flows into a reactor 3; S2.2, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor 3, and a pump 8 is started to control the catalyst layer 301 to continuously flow toward the first port 302, and the catalyst layer 301 flows from the first port 302 into a flow channel 501 in a carbon removal bin 5, and flows along the flow channel 501 toward a second port 502, and when it flows to the scraper 50 in front of the second port 502, At step S3, the scraper block 503 scrapes the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer 301 in the flow channel 501 out of the flow channel 501, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin 5 and enters the carbon storage container for collection; S3, the catalyst layer 301 with the carbon product scraped off enters the collection bin 6 through the second opening 502, and enters the reflux bin 7 through the drainage pipe 9, and is distributed through the third openings 303 in the reflux bin 7 and then returns to the catalyst layer 301 of different layers; S4, cycle steps S2.1 and S3; S5, the hydrogen product rises in the reactor 3 and enters the hydrogen storage container 4 for collection.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device, characterized in that: include: Fermentation device for biogas fermentation; A purification device, the purification device is connected to the fermentation device and is used to purify methane gas; A reactor, the reactor is connected to the purification device, and a catalyst layer is arranged in the reactor; A hydrogen storage container, the hydrogen storage container is connected to the reactor; The carbon removal bin is connected to one side of the reactor. A first port communicating with the carbon removal bin is provided at the position of the catalyst layer on the reactor. A carbon removal device is provided in the carbon removal bin.

2. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon removal device comprises a flow channel, and an inlet end of the flow channel is connected to the first port.

3. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon removal device comprises a second opening, which is opened on the outer wall of the carbon removal bin, and the outlet end of the flow channel is connected to the second opening.

4. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon removal device comprises a scraper block, which is arranged on one side of the second opening adjacent to the flow channel.

5. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a distance between the bottom end of the scraper block and the flow channel, and the distance is smaller than the height of the catalyst liquid level on the flow channel.

6. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end of the scraper block is a V-shaped tip structure.

7. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A collecting bin is provided on one side of the carbon removal bin and is connected to the second port; a reflux bin is provided on one side of the reactor and a third port is provided on the reactor and is connected to the inside of the reflux bin; the collecting bin is connected to the inside of the reflux bin through a drainage pipe and a pump is provided on the drainage pipe.

8. The biogas biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple catalyst layers are arranged in the reactor at intervals along the height direction, multiple flow channels are arranged in the carbon removal bin, each group of catalyst layers is connected to different first ports and third ports, and the bottom of the carbon removal bin is connected to a carbon storage container.

9. The hydrogen production method of the biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, biogas flows from the fermentation device into the purification device, and after purification, methane gas is obtained, and the methane gas flows into the reactor; S2.1, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor. After the reaction time is set, the pump is started, and the catalyst layer flows from the first port into the flow channel in the carbon removal bin, and flows along the flow channel to the second port. When it flows to the scraper block in front of the second port, the scraper block scrapes the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer in the flow channel out of the flow channel, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin and enters the carbon storage container for collection; S3, the catalyst layer from which the carbon product is scraped off enters the collection bin through the second opening, and enters the reflux bin through the drainage pipe, and is distributed in the reflux bin through the third openings and then returns to the catalyst layers of different layers; S4, looping step S2.1 and step S3; S5, the hydrogen product rises in the reactor and enters the hydrogen storage container for collection.

10. The hydrogen production method of the biogas-based biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, biogas flows from the fermentation device into the purification device, and after purification, methane gas is obtained, and the methane gas flows into the reactor; S2.2, a catalytic cracking reaction is carried out in the reactor, and the pump is started to control the catalyst layer to continuously flow toward the first port, and the catalyst layer flows from the first port into the flow channel in the carbon removal bin, and flows along the flow channel toward the second port, and when it flows to the scraper block in front of the second port, the scraper block scrapes the carbon product on the top of the catalyst layer in the flow channel out of the flow channel, and the carbon product falls along the carbon removal bin and enters the carbon storage container for collection; S3, the catalyst layer from which the carbon product is scraped off enters the collection bin through the second opening, and enters the reflux bin through the drainage pipe, and is distributed in the reflux bin through the third openings and then returns to the catalyst layers of different layers; S4, looping step S2.1 and step S3; S5, the hydrogen product rises in the reactor and enters the hydrogen storage container for collection.

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