A flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore. The copper ore is ground and dissociated, then subjected to roughing. The roughing tailings are graded to obtain three size-class ore pulp products: +200 mesh, 200-400 mesh, and -400 mesh. The +200 mesh ore pulp product undergoes coarse flotation, and a combined collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate is used to recover coarse copper minerals. The resulting coarse concentrate is returned to the grinding operation. The -400 mesh ore pulp product undergoes fine flotation using a fine-particle flotation collector, and the resulting coarse concentrate is combined with the copper roughing concentrate for fine cleaning. The 200-400 mesh ore pulp product is directly used as tailings. The present invention can enhance the recovery of coarse and fine-particle copper minerals lost in the ore pulp, thereby improving the copper flotation recovery rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore, belonging to the technical field of copper ore separation. Background Art

[0002] Copper, a strategic metal resource, is widely used in new energy, construction, transportation, electronics, and other fields. Copper sulfide ore is the primary source of copper resources. Currently, a preferential flotation process is primarily used for copper sulfide ore. Depressants such as lime are added during flotation to suppress pyrite, while collectors such as Z-200 and xanthate selectively float copper sulfide minerals. However, in actual production, due to the large processing volume, the ore tends to develop a "large ends and small center" problem during grinding, resulting in a large proportion of the +200 and -400 mesh sizes and a small proportion of the 200-400 mesh size. Because traditional flotation processes primarily focus on recovering minerals in the 200-400 mesh size range, the recovery of coarse and fine particles is often overlooked in process design, equipment selection, and reagent system settings. This results in a significant loss of both coarse and fine copper minerals in the tailings during flotation, resulting in significant resource loss.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to invent an efficient copper ore flotation process and reagent system for full-size recovery to ensure the efficient recovery and utilization of copper resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the loss of coarse and fine copper minerals in existing copper ore flotation recovery methods, the present invention aims to provide a flotation recovery method for copper ore of all particle sizes. By using different collector combinations for coarse and fine particles after grading the copper ore, the recovery of coarse and fine copper minerals is enhanced, achieving flotation recovery of all particle sizes. Furthermore, for coarse copper ore, the synergistic effect of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate significantly improves the adhesion of coarse copper particles to bubbles.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] 1) grinding and dissociating the copper ore, and then adding a flotation agent to carry out flotation, wherein the flotation includes a roughing process to obtain a copper concentrate and a copper tailings;

[0007] 2) The copper coarse tailings are classified to obtain three-size pulp products of +200 mesh, 200-400 mesh, and -400 mesh;

[0008] 3) adding diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate as a combined collector to the +200 mesh pulp product for coarse particle flotation to obtain coarse particle flotation concentrate and coarse particle flotation tailings;

[0009] 4) The -400 mesh pulp product is subjected to fine flotation roughing, and a fine flotation collector is added during the flotation process. The obtained fine flotation roughing concentrate is combined with the copper roughing concentrate obtained in step 1, and blank selection is performed to obtain copper concentrate; the fine flotation roughing tailings are scavenged to obtain fine flotation tailings;

[0010] 5) The 200-400 mesh pulp product, the coarse-grained flotation tailings obtained in step 3, and the fine-grained flotation tailings obtained in step 4 are combined as the final flotation tailings.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention cleverly combines copper ore classification processing with a combination of collectors adapted for copper ore slurries of different particle sizes, achieving full-size copper ore recovery. Specifically, the present invention recovers most of the 200-400 mesh conventional size by first subjecting the copper ore to a roughing process, while also avoiding adverse effects on subsequent fine- and coarse-size flotation processes. The copper ore after the roughing process is then graded and recovered. The 200-400 mesh size after the roughing process has a very low copper content and can be directly treated as tailings. The +200 mesh and -400 mesh size fractions are treated using coarse and fine flotation techniques, respectively, ensuring efficient recovery of easily floatable copper ore while enhancing recovery of coarse and fine-size copper ore. Among them, the +200 mesh coarse particles have a good collection effect using a combination of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate collector. The collection principle is that the branched structure in the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide can form a chelating effect with bubbles, improving the adhesion strength between coarse-grained copper minerals and bubbles. At the same time, the molecular structure contains two isopropyl xanthate groups. During the flotation process, the sulfur atoms in the diisopropyl xanthate molecule react chemically with the copper ions on the surface of the copper mineral to form copper sulfide compounds, thereby making the copper mineral surface hydrophobic and easy to attach to the bubbles and be brought to the surface of the pulp. The strong adsorption effect of isopropyl xanthate on copper mineral particles further promotes the interaction between diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and bubbles. The synergistic use of the two significantly improves the stable adhesion of bubbles to coarse-grained copper ore. For -400 mesh fines, the present invention utilizes long-chain xanthate to promote the interaction between fine copper minerals and collectors, increasing their hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the use of neutral oil enhances the aggregation of hydrophobic fine copper minerals within or at the boundaries of the oil phase, significantly improving fine particle flotation efficiency. Therefore, the special flotation separation reagent combination employed in the present invention effectively addresses the prior art issue of requiring specialized flotation separation equipment for both coarse and fine copper ore particles.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the coarse concentrate from the coarse flotation in step 3 is returned to the original ore grinding process; the blank cleaning in step 4 is performed at least twice, and the scavenging is performed at least twice. In the present invention, the coarse concentrate from the coarse flotation is mostly contiguous and needs to be returned to the original ore grinding process for dissociation.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, in step 1, the fineness of the product of the grinding and dissociation treatment is -74 μm, accounting for 50% to 75%. During the roughing process of flotation, a conditioning agent, a collector I, and a frother are added to promote flotation. Further preferably, the fineness of the product of the grinding and dissociation treatment is -74 μm, accounting for 55% to 70%.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the adjusting agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, lime, sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, sodium metabisulfite, and sodium carbonate, and is used in an amount sufficient to adjust the slurry pH to 7.5 to 9.5. In an alkaline environment, the collector I reacts more easily with the copper ions to form a stable complex, and the foaming property of the foaming agent is also relatively stable.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the collector I is at least one of xanthate, thiocarbamate, black drug, and sulfur-nitrogen collectors, and is used in an amount of 10 to 100 g / t. The xanthate is preferably ethyl xanthate or butyl xanthate; the thiocarbamate is preferably Z-200 (ethyl thiocarbamate); the black drug is preferably butyl ammonium black drug; and the sulfur-nitrogen is preferably ethyl thiocarbamate or ester 105 (sulfur nitrogen nitrile ester). A further preferred amount is 20 to 60 g / t. The amounts of reagents used in the present invention are all relative to the original ore.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the foaming agent is at least one of No. 2 oil and MIBC, and the amount used is 5 to 30 g / t, and more preferably 10 to 20 g / t.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the classification adopts at least one of a high-frequency vibrating screen, a cyclone, a spiral classifier, a hydraulic classifier and a mud bucket.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide to isopropyl xanthate in the combined collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate is (3-1):1. Within the mass ratio range selected by the present invention, the optimal coarse particle flotation effect is achieved. However, if the dosage of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide is too high, it will lead to increased loss of coarse copper minerals and a decrease in the recovery rate of copper concentrate. Furthermore, if the dosage of isopropyl xanthate is too high, the excess isopropyl xanthate will also cause it to be adsorbed on the surfaces of non-copper minerals. This will reduce the selectivity of flotation, increase the impurity content in the flotation product, and reduce the concentrate grade. As a preferred embodiment, the total dosage of the combined collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate disulfide is 10-50 g / t.

[0019] As a preferred solution, the fine particle flotation collector comprises a long-chain hydrocarbon xanthate and a neutral oil in a mass ratio of (1-2):(1-2). Within the mass ratio range selected by the present invention, the optimal fine particle flotation effect is achieved. Excessive use of the long-chain hydrocarbon xanthate can lead to increased loss of fine copper minerals and reduced copper concentrate recovery. Excessive use of the neutral oil can cause some non-target minerals to be entrained in the oil phase or to aggregate at the oil phase boundary, thereby reducing flotation selectivity and lowering the concentrate grade.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the total amount of the fine particle flotation collector used in the roughing process is 20-50 g / t; the total amount of the fine particle flotation collector used in the scavenging process is 7-20 g / t; and the types of fine particle flotation collectors in the roughing process and the scavenging process are the same or different.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the long-chain hydrocarbon xanthate is at least one of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate and isoamyl xanthate; and the neutral oil is at least one of kerosene, diesel, transformer oil, lubricating oil and heavy oil.

[0022] As a preferred solution, in step 4, the pulp concentration in the fine-grain flotation roughing is 20-30%, and the flotation machine stirring rate is 2000-2400rpm. In the fine-grain flotation process of the present invention, the pulp concentration is low in order to reduce mutual interference between particles and avoid the mutual inclusion of mineral fines that affects the flotation selectivity. At the same time, it allows bubbles and mineral particles to have more contact opportunities, because the mineral particles in the dilute pulp are more dispersed, which is conducive to the collision and attachment of bubbles and individual particles. A faster stirring rate can provide sufficient energy to break up agglomerated fine-grained minerals, making the particles evenly dispersed and increasing the probability of contact with bubbles; it can accelerate the diffusion of reagents in the pulp, allowing the reagent molecules to quickly reach the surface of the mineral particles to take effect, which is very important for fine-grained minerals with large specific surface areas; it can also disperse air into more and smaller bubbles, increasing the number and surface area of ​​bubbles. Small bubbles rise slowly, which can prolong the interaction time with mineral particles and improve flotation efficiency.

[0023] As a preferred solution, in step 3, the pulp concentration of the coarse particle flotation is 20-50%.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] First, copper minerals are recovered in a graded manner, with conventional flotation methods used for copper minerals with a particle size of 200-400 mesh, and coarse-grained and fine-grained flotation technologies used for particle sizes of +200 mesh and -400 mesh, respectively. This not only ensures the efficient recovery of easily floatable copper minerals, but also strengthens the recovery of coarse- and fine-grained copper minerals, effectively improving the flotation recovery rate.

[0026] Secondly, stable adhesion between particles and bubbles is particularly important during coarse particle flotation. Using a combined collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate, the branched structure in the collector's hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain can form a chelating effect with bubbles, improving the adhesion strength between coarse copper minerals and bubbles. Furthermore, isopropyl xanthate has a strong interaction with copper mineral particles. The synergistic effect of the two enhances the stability and adhesion of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide to bubbles.

[0027] Third, a combination of long-chain xanthate and neutral oil is used as a collector in the fine-particle flotation process. On the one hand, the long-chain xanthate can promote the interaction between fine-particle copper minerals and the collector, and improve the hydrophobicity of fine-particle copper minerals; on the other hand, the addition of neutral oil can achieve the agglomeration of fine-particle hydrophobic copper minerals in the oil phase or at the oil phase boundary, thereby promoting the efficiency of fine-particle flotation.

[0028] Fourthly, the flotation process and reagent system are highly applicable and can relax the grinding fineness of the raw ore, which is beneficial to ensuring production stability and reducing mineral processing costs.

[0029] Fifth, the combination of the flotation separation method of the present invention and the reagent system can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that special flotation separation equipment must be used for coarse copper ore particles and fine copper ore particles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 4 is a process flow chart of the closed-circuit test used in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is the process flow chart of the closed-circuit test used in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the contents of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. However, it should be understood that these examples are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating processes are provided only to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to limit the claims of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0033] The slurry concentration in the present invention refers to the mass concentration, and the amount of reagents used is relative to the amount of the original ore.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The copper content of the test raw material was 0.34 wt%. Process mineralogy studies indicated that the primary metallic minerals in the sample were pyrite and chalcopyrite. A small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test was conducted on the sample using the copper ore flotation process and reagent system provided by the present invention. The specific test steps were as follows:

[0036] 1) The ore sample is first ground to a fineness of -74 μm accounting for 60%. After grinding, lime is added as a regulator to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 8.5; then 40 g / t of Z-200 as a collector and 10 g / t of No. 2 oil as a foaming agent are added to perform copper roughing to obtain copper rough concentrate and copper rough tailings.

[0037] 2) The copper coarse tailings obtained in step 1) are classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen to obtain three-size pulp products of +200 mesh, 200-400 mesh, and -400 mesh.

[0038] 3) The +200 mesh pulp product (pulp concentration of 30%) obtained in step 2) is subjected to coarse flotation, and a collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide + isopropyl xanthate with a mass ratio of 2:1 is used at an amount of 20 g / t to obtain a coarse flotation concentrate and a coarse flotation tailing. The coarse flotation concentrate is returned to the original ore grinding operation.

[0039] 4) The -400 mesh pulp product obtained in step 2) was subjected to fine flotation roughing, and a collector of butyl xanthate + diesel with a mass ratio of 1:1 was used as a collector, the dosage was 30 g / t, the pulp concentration during the flotation process was 25%, the stirring speed of the flotation machine was 2300 rpm, and the roughing obtained fine flotation rough concentrate and fine flotation rough tailings.

[0040] 5) The copper coarse concentrate obtained in step 1) and the fine flotation coarse concentrate obtained in step 4) are combined, and blank concentration is performed twice to obtain copper concentrate.

[0041] 6) The fine-grained flotation coarse tailings obtained in step 4) were scavenged twice, with 15 g / t of a combined collector of butyrate xanthate + diesel fuel (mass ratio of 1:1) added in the first scavenging, and 7 g / t of a combined collector of butyrate xanthate + diesel fuel (mass ratio of 1:1) added in the second scavenging. The scavenged tailings were combined with the 200-400 mesh slurry product in step 2) and the coarse flotation tailings in step 3) to obtain the final flotation tailings.

[0042] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0043] It can be seen from the test results that, by adopting the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit test in a laboratory can obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.36% and a copper recovery rate of 87.26%.

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the fine particle flotation collector was butyl xanthate + pentyl xanthate + diesel in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.5:1.

[0048] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] It can be seen from the test results that, by adopting the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit test in a laboratory can obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 21.58% and a copper recovery rate of 88.10%.

[0050] Table 2

[0051]

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the coarse particle flotation collector was a combined collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0054] The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0055] It can be seen from the test results that, by adopting the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit test in a laboratory can obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.25% and a copper recovery rate of 87.12%.

[0056] Table 3

[0057]

[0058] Example 4

[0059] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the fine particle flotation collector was a 1:1:1 combination of isoamyl xanthate, kerosene, and transformer oil.

[0060] The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0061] It can be seen from the test results that, by adopting the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit test in a laboratory can obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.53% and a copper recovery rate of 87.51%.

[0062] Table 4

[0063]

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The copper content of the test raw material was 0.50 wt%. Process mineralogy studies showed that the main metallic minerals in the sample were pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, and chalcocite. A small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test was conducted on the sample using the copper ore flotation process and reagent system provided by the present invention. The specific test steps were as follows:

[0066] 1) The ore sample is first ground to a fineness of -74 μm accounting for 65%. After grinding, sodium sulfide is added as a regulator to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 9.0; then, 50 g / t of a combined collector of ethyl xanthate and butyl ammonium black powder in a mass ratio of 1:1 and 10 g / t of MIBC are added as a foaming agent to perform copper roughing to obtain copper rough concentrate and copper rough tailings.

[0067] 2) The copper coarse tailings obtained in step 1) are classified by a hydraulic classifier to obtain three-size pulp products of +200 mesh, 200-400 mesh, and -400 mesh.

[0068] 3) The +200 mesh slurry product (pulp concentration of 35%) obtained in step 2) is subjected to coarse flotation, and a collector of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide + isopropyl xanthate with a mass ratio of 1:1 is used, and the amount is 30 g / t to obtain a coarse flotation concentrate and a coarse flotation tailings. The coarse flotation concentrate is returned to the original ore grinding operation.

[0069] 4) The -400 mesh pulp product obtained in step 2) was subjected to fine flotation roughing, and a collector of 40 g / t of amyl xanthate + heavy oil with a mass ratio of 2:1 was used. The pulp concentration during the flotation process was 23%, and the stirring speed of the flotation machine was 2200 rpm. The roughing obtained fine flotation rough concentrate and fine flotation rough tailings.

[0070] 5) The copper coarse concentrate obtained in step 1) and the fine flotation coarse concentrate obtained in step 4) are combined, and blank concentration is performed twice to obtain copper concentrate.

[0071] 6) The fine-grained flotation coarse tailings obtained in step 4) were scavenged twice, with 20 g / t of a combined collector of butyrate xanthate + diesel fuel (mass ratio of 1:1) added in the first scavenging, and 10 g / t of a combined collector of butyrate xanthate + diesel fuel (mass ratio of 1:1) added in the second scavenging. The scavenged tailings were combined with the 200-400 mesh slurry product in step 2) and the coarse flotation tailings in step 3) to obtain the final flotation tailings.

[0072] The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0073] It can be seen from the test results that, by adopting the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, a small-scale closed-circuit test in a laboratory can obtain a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 24.52% and a copper recovery rate of 88.11%.

[0074] Table 5

[0075]

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] The test materials are the same as those in Example 1, except that a non-classified flotation process is used for a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test. The specific test steps are as follows:

[0078] 1) The ore sample is first ground to a fineness of -74 μm accounting for 60%. After grinding, lime is added as a regulator to adjust the pH value of the slurry to 8.5; then 40 g / t of Z-200 as a collector and 10 g / t of No. 2 oil as a foaming agent are added to perform copper roughing to obtain copper rough concentrate and copper rough tailings.

[0079] 2) The copper rough tailings obtained in step 1) were scavenged twice, with 20 g / t of Z-200 added in the first scavenging and 10 g / t of Z-200 added in the second scavenging. The scavenged tailings were the final flotation tailings.

[0080] 3) The copper rough concentrate obtained in step 1) is blank-benefited twice to obtain copper concentrate.

[0081] The test results are shown in Table 6.

[0082] The test results show that, using a conventional process flow, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test yielded a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.17% and a copper recovery rate of 83.94%. Comparing the flotation process and reagent system of a copper ore provided by the present invention, it was found that the copper concentrate recovery rate dropped significantly after eliminating the coarse and fine particle flotation process and reagents.

[0083] Table 6

[0084]

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the coarse particle flotation collector was isopropyl xanthate.

[0087] The test results are shown in Table 7.

[0088] The test results show that after removing diisopropyl xanthate disulfide from the coarse-grain flotation collector, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test yielded a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.55% and a copper recovery of 85.84%. By comparison, removing diisopropyl xanthate disulfide resulted in greater coarse-grain copper mineral losses and a 1.42 percentage point decrease in copper concentrate recovery.

[0089] Table 7

[0090]

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the coarse particle flotation collector was diisopropyl xanthate disulfide.

[0093] The test results are shown in Table 8.

[0094] The test results show that after removing the isopropyl xanthate from the coarse-grain flotation collector, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test can produce a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 21.88% and a copper recovery rate of 85.60%. By comparison, it was found that after removing the isopropyl xanthate addition, the loss of coarse-grained copper minerals increased and the copper concentrate recovery rate decreased by 1.66 percentage points.

[0095] Table 8

[0096]

[0097] Comparative Example 4

[0098] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the fine particle flotation collector was butyrate.

[0099] The test results are shown in Table 9.

[0100] The test results show that after removing diesel from the fine-particle flotation collector, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test yielded a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.63% and a copper recovery rate of 85.63%. By comparison, eliminating diesel resulted in greater fine-particle copper mineral loss and a 1.63 percentage point decrease in copper concentrate recovery.

[0101] Table 9

[0102]

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that the fine particle flotation collector was diesel.

[0105] The test results are shown in Table 10.

[0106] The test results show that after removing the butyl xanthate from the fine-grain flotation collector, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test can produce a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.98% and a copper recovery rate of 84.94%. By comparison, it was found that the removal of the butyl xanthate addition increased the loss of fine-grain copper minerals and reduced the copper concentrate recovery rate by 2.32 percentage points.

[0107] Table 10

[0108]

[0109] Comparative Example 6

[0110] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that a coarse particle flotation collector was a combination of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 4:1.

[0111] The test results are shown in Table 11.

[0112] The test results show that by changing the mass ratio of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide to isopropyl xanthate in the coarse-grain flotation collector to 4:1, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test yielded a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.26% and a copper recovery of 86.28%. By comparison, changing the mass ratio of diisopropyl xanthate disulfide to isopropyl xanthate in the coarse-grain flotation collector resulted in greater coarse copper mineral losses and a decrease in copper concentrate recovery of 0.98 percentage points.

[0113] Table 11

[0114]

[0115] Comparative Example 7

[0116] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that a combination of butyrate and diesel with a mass ratio of 3:1 was used as the fine particle flotation collector.

[0117] The test results are shown in Table 12.

[0118] The test results show that when the mass ratio of butyl xanthate to diesel in the fine-particle flotation collector was changed to 3:1, a small-scale closed-circuit laboratory test yielded a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 22.07% and a copper recovery of 86.11%. By comparison, the change in the mass ratio of butyl xanthate to diesel in the fine-particle flotation collector resulted in greater loss of fine-particle copper minerals and a decrease in copper concentrate recovery of 1.15 percentage points.

[0119] Table 12

[0120]

Claims

1. A flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore, characterized by: The following steps are involved: 1) grinding and dissociating the copper ore, and then adding a flotation agent to carry out flotation, wherein the flotation includes a roughing process to obtain a copper concentrate and a copper tailings; 2) The copper coarse tailings are classified to obtain three-size pulp products of +200 mesh, 200-400 mesh, and -400 mesh; 3) adding diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate as a combined collector in a mass ratio of (3-1):1 to the +200 mesh pulp product for coarse flotation to obtain a coarse flotation concentrate and a coarse flotation tailings; 4) The -400 mesh pulp product is subjected to fine flotation roughing, and a fine flotation collector is added during the flotation process. The obtained fine flotation roughing concentrate is combined with the copper roughing concentrate obtained in step 1, and a copper concentrate is obtained by blank selection; the fine flotation roughing tailings are scavenged to obtain fine flotation tailings; the fine flotation collector is composed of a long-chain hydrocarbon-based xanthate and a neutral oil in a mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2); the long-chain hydrocarbon-based xanthate is at least one of butyl xanthate, amyl xanthate and isoamyl xanthate; the neutral oil is at least one of kerosene, diesel, transformer oil, lubricating oil and heavy oil; 5) The 200-400 mesh pulp product, the coarse flotation tailings obtained in step 3, and the fine flotation tailings obtained in step 4 are combined as the final flotation tailings.

2. The flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore according to claim 1, wherein: In step 1, the fineness of the product of the grinding and dissociation treatment is -74 μm, accounting for 50% to 75%. During the roughing process of flotation, a regulator, a collector I and a frother are added to promote flotation.

3. The flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore according to claim 2, wherein: The adjusting agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, lime, sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, sodium metabisulfite and sodium carbonate, and is used in an amount to adjust the pH of the slurry to 7.5-9.5; The collector I is at least one of xanthate, thiamine, black medicine and sulfur-nitrogen collectors, and the amount is 10-100 g / t; The foaming agent is at least one of No. 2 oil and MIBC, and the usage amount is 5-30 g / t.

4. The flotation recovery method for a full-size copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The classification adopts at least one of a high-frequency vibrating screen, a cyclone, a spiral classifier, a hydraulic classifier and a mud bucket.

5. The flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore according to claim 4, wherein: The total amount of the diisopropyl xanthate disulfide and isopropyl xanthate combined collector is 10-50 g / t.

6. The flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore according to claim 5, characterized in that: The total amount of the fine particle flotation collector used in the roughing process is 20-50 g / t; the total amount of the fine particle flotation collector used in the scavenging process is 7-20 g / t; and the types of fine particle flotation collectors in the roughing process and the scavenging process are the same or different.

7. The flotation recovery method for full-size copper ore according to claim 1, wherein: In step 4, the pulp concentration in the fine particle flotation roughing is 20-30%, and the stirring speed of the flotation machine is 2000-2400 rpm; In step 3, the pulp concentration of the coarse particle flotation is 20-50%.

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