Up-down opposite forging structure and forging method thereof
By using the upper and lower opposite forging structure and the method of fixing the lower slide and upper slide in the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder, the problems of low efficiency and poor quality of the traditional die forging methods are solved, and efficient production and high-quality forgings are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411935521.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
Traditional die forging methods have low efficiency and long production cycles. The friction between the mold and forging and inconsistent deformation of the blank leads to scratches and wear on the surface of the forging, affecting quality and accuracy.
The upper and lower opposite forging structure is adopted, including the lower slider and upper slider fixed at the end of the hydraulic cylinder push rod. The workbench and the frame are connected through a spring to automatically adjust the stress state between the molds to achieve the balance of the deforming force on both sides.
Production of two forgings at the same time in one stroke improves production efficiency, reduces production cycle and cost, reduces scratches and wear on the surface of forgings, and improves surface quality and accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN119634633A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of die forging, in particular to an upper and lower opposing forging structure and a forging method thereof. Background Art
[0002] In the die forging process of metal plastic forming, the conventional die forging method is that the upper die is clamped on the movable slide of the forging machine. As the movable slide moves up and down, the lower die is fixed on the workbench of the forging machine. The workbench is fixed together with the forging machine frame and does not move during the forging process. In the movement of a forging cycle, the movable slide moves to the vicinity of the bottom dead center position to start forging the blank. After passing the bottom dead center, the movable slide moves upward and separates from the formed forging, completing the forging process.
[0003] In the metal forging industry, the traditional method is usually to produce one forging in one stroke. This production method is inefficient, has a long production cycle, and is relatively costly. In addition, accidental factors such as friction between the die and the forging and inconsistent deformation of the billet often lead to scratches and wear on the forging surface, as well as damage to the die and equipment, thus affecting the quality and precision of the forging. For this reason, an upper and lower opposing forging structure and its forging method are proposed. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an upper and lower opposing forging structure and a forging method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an upper and lower opposing forging structure comprises a frame, a hydraulic cylinder is installed on both upper and lower sides of the frame, and a lower slider and an upper slider are respectively fixed to the push rod ends of the hydraulic cylinder; A guide rail is fixed on one side of the frame, a workbench is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide rail track groove, a first lower die is installed on the top of the workbench, and a first upper die located on the upper side of the first lower die is installed on one side of the bottom of the upper slider; A second upper die is installed at the bottom of the workbench, and a second lower die located at the lower side of the second upper die is installed at the top of the lower slider; A spring is connected between the workbench and the frame.
[0006] Preferably, as mentioned above: a first forging is placed inside the forming cavity of the first lower die, and when the first upper die and the first lower die cooperate with each other, the first forging is in a forging state.
[0007] Preferably, as mentioned above: a second forging is placed inside the forming cavity of the second lower die, and when the second upper die and the second lower die cooperate with each other, the second forging is in a forging state.
[0008] The present invention also provides a forging method for an upper and lower opposing forging structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Heat the 45 steel billet to forging temperature; S2, spraying lubricant on the surfaces of the first upper mold, the first lower mold, the second upper mold, and the second lower mold; S3, taking out the first forging and the second forging from the heating furnace at the same time, and placing the first forging and the second forging into the inner sides of the forming cavities of the first lower die and the second lower die respectively; S4, controlling the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder to extend, and the push rod end respectively pushes the lower slider and the upper slider to move toward one side of the workbench, so that the first upper die and the first lower die and the second upper die and the second lower die respectively forge the first forging and the second forging; S5. During the forging process, the first forging and the second forging begin to deform and gradually fit into the forming cavities of the first lower die and the second lower die. The middle workbench is adjusted to move up and down under the action of the spring according to the magnitude of the forging force to balance and adjust the stress state of the first upper die and the first lower die and the second upper die and the second lower die. S6, when the first upper die and the first lower die are completely closed with the second upper die and the second lower die, the first forging and the second forging are completely forged, and the forging process is completed at the same time; S7, after the forging is completed, the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder retracts, driving the upper slider and the lower slider to return to their positions respectively, so that the first upper die and the first lower die are opened with the second upper die and the second lower die; S8, taking out the forged upper and lower forgings from the first lower die and the second lower die, spraying lubricant on the first upper die, the first lower die, the second upper die and the second lower die again, and preparing to enter the next forging cycle.
[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned S1, the forging temperature is 1180-1220°C.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects: 1. The present invention can produce two forgings, namely the first forging and the second forging, in one stroke. Compared with the traditional method of producing one forging at a time, the production efficiency is significantly improved, which helps to reduce the production cycle and increase the output, thereby possibly reducing the cost of the unit product. Spraying lubricant on the surface of the mold can reduce the friction between the mold and the forging, which helps to smoothly demold the forging, while reducing scratches and wear on the surface of the forging, and improving the surface quality and precision of the forging.
[0011] Second, the spring can automatically adjust the stress state between the dies, especially under the combined external force caused by accidental factors such as inconsistent deformation of the billet. The spring can absorb and disperse these external forces to avoid excessive movement of the workbench, thereby maintaining the smooth progress of the forging process, helping to reduce damage to the die and equipment, and improving the quality of the forgings. During the forging process, when the deformation force of the upper die is greater than that of the lower die, the spring will push the workbench downward, thereby slowing down the closing speed of the upper die and speeding up the closing speed of the lower die. The automatic adjustment mechanism helps to balance the deformation forces on both sides, avoiding damage to the die due to uneven force, and also helps to uniformly deform the forgings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the forging die structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the spring automatically adjusting the force of the present invention.
[0014] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. frame; 2. lower slide; 3. workbench; 4. upper slide; 5. first upper die; 6. first lower die; 7. second upper die; 8. second lower die; 9. guide rail; 10. spring; 11. first forging; 12. second forging; 13. hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.
[0017] Example See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: an upper and lower opposing forging structure, comprising a frame 1, a hydraulic cylinder 13 is installed on both upper and lower sides of the frame 1, and a lower slider 2 and an upper slider 4 are fixed to the push rod ends of the hydraulic cylinder 13 respectively; a guide rail 9 is fixed to one side of the frame 1, and a workbench 3 is slidably connected to the inner side of the track groove of the guide rail 9, a first lower die 6 is installed on the top of the workbench 3, and a first upper die 5 located on the upper side of the first lower die 6 is installed on one side of the bottom of the upper slider 4; a second upper die 7 is installed at the bottom of the workbench 3, and a second lower die 8 located on the lower side of the second upper die 7 is installed on the top of the lower slider 2; A spring 10 is connected between the workbench 3 and the frame 1 , and the spring 10 is an elastic device with sufficiently large elastic force.
[0018] The spring 10 provides elastic support between the workbench 3 and the frame 1, so that the workbench 3 can float up and down according to the force conditions during the forging process, which helps to offset the combined external force given to the middle workbench 3 due to accidental factors such as inconsistent deformation of the billet, avoid excessive movement of the workbench 3 under the action of external force, and keep the workbench 3 in the middle position between the lower slider 2 and the upper slider 4. The combined external force given to the middle workbench 3 due to accidental factors such as inconsistent deformation of the billet, avoid excessive movement of the middle workbench 3 under the action of external force. The spring 10 will push the workbench 3 to move downward, thereby slowing down the closing speed of the upper mold and speeding up the closing speed of the lower mold. The automatic adjustment mechanism helps to balance the deformation forces on both sides, avoiding damage to the mold due to uneven force; The forces of the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 are automatically adjusted by the spring 10 to maintain the stability of the forging process. A non-zero resultant external force may appear in each forging cycle, but it will disappear in the end, that is, the external force will fluctuate. If there is no floating process of the middle workbench 3, this fluctuation will be more severe. With the floating of the spring 10, this fluctuation is greatly alleviated; like Figure 2 For the automatic adjustment process, after the forging deformation begins, the deformation of the billet may be asynchronous during the process. For example, the deformation force F1 above is greater than the deformation force F2 below, resulting in a non-zero resultant external force F 1-2 , middle workbench 3 at F 1-2 Under the action, the first upper mold 5 moves downward by ΔH, and the distance between the first upper mold 5 and the first lower mold 6 increases from H1 to H1+ΔH=H2, which slows down the closing speed of the mold and causes the increment Δf1 of the deformation force to decrease. On the contrary, the second upper mold 7 and the second lower mold 8 on the lower layer of the workbench 3 have the opposite effect. The distance between the second upper mold 7 and the second lower mold 8 decreases from h1 to h1-ΔH=h2, the closing of the second upper mold 7 and the second lower mold 8 is faster, the deformation is more severe, and the increment Δf2 of the deformation force becomes larger; In order to make the total deformation force on both sides equal, that is, F1 (larger) + Δf1 (smaller) = F2 (smaller) + Δf2 (larger). As this process is repeated upward and downward, the middle workbench 3 will return to the balance point of the force, that is, the original middle position, so that the forces of the first upper die 5, the first lower die 6, the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 are automatically adjusted, and the fluctuation caused by the combined external force becomes moderate, while increasing the stability of the forging process.
[0019] After forging is completed, the lower slider 2 and the upper slider 4 are separated from the middle workbench 3 respectively, and the forging is taken out to complete the forging.
[0020] A first forging 11 is placed inside the forming cavity of the first lower die 6. When the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 cooperate with each other, the first forging 11 is in a forging state. A second forging 12 is placed inside the forming cavity of the second lower die 8. When the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 cooperate with each other, the second forging 12 is in a forging state.
[0021] Working principle: the blank for forging is heated to the forging temperature, lubricant is sprayed on the surfaces of the first upper die 5, the first lower die 6, the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 respectively, the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 are taken out from the heating furnace, and the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 are placed inside the forming cavity of the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8 respectively, the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is controlled to extend, and the push rod end pushes the lower slider 2 and the upper slider 4 to move to one side of the workbench 3 respectively, so that the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 respectively forge the first forging 11 and the second forging 12; The first forging 11 and the second forging 12 begin to deform and gradually fit into the forming cavity of the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8. The middle workbench 3 adjusts its up and down movement under the action of the spring 10 according to the size of the forging force to balance and adjust the stress state of the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8. When the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 are completely closed, the complete forging of the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 is achieved and the forging process is completed at the same time. The push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 retracts, driving the upper slider 4 and the lower slider 2 to return respectively, so that the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 are opened, and the forged upper and lower forgings are taken out from the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8, and the first upper die 5, the first lower die 6, the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 are sprayed with lubricant again, and it is ready to enter the next forging cycle, so that two forgings can be produced in one stroke.
[0022] The present invention also provides a forging method for an upper and lower opposing forging structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Heat the 45 steel billet to the forging temperature, the forging temperature is 1200℃; S2, spraying lubricant on the surfaces of the first upper mold 5, the first lower mold 6, the second upper mold 7 and the second lower mold 8 respectively; S3, taking out the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 from the heating furnace at the same time, and placing the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 into the inner sides of the forming cavities of the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8 respectively; S4, control the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 to extend, and the push rod end pushes the lower slider 2 and the upper slider 4 to move toward one side of the workbench 3, so that the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 respectively forge the first forging 11 and the second forging 12; S5. During the forging process, the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 begin to deform and gradually fit into the forming cavities of the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8. The middle workbench 3 moves up and down under the action of the spring 10 according to the magnitude of the forging force, so as to balance and adjust the stress state of the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 and the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8. S6, when the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 are completely closed with the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8, the first forging 11 and the second forging 12 are completely forged, and the forging process is completed at the same time; S7, after the forging is completed, the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 retracts, driving the upper slider 4 and the lower slider 2 to return to their original positions, respectively, so that the first upper die 5 and the first lower die 6 are opened with the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8; S8, take out the forged upper and lower forgings from the first lower die 6 and the second lower die 8, spray lubricant on the first upper die 5, the first lower die 6, the second upper die 7 and the second lower die 8 again, and prepare to enter the next forging cycle.
[0023] In summary, the present invention can produce two forgings, namely the first forging 11 and the second forging 12, simultaneously in one stroke. Compared with the traditional method of producing one forging at a time, the production efficiency is significantly improved, which helps to reduce the production cycle and increase output, thereby possibly reducing the cost of the unit product. Spraying lubricant on the mold surface can reduce the friction between the mold and the forging, which helps to smoothly demold the forging, while reducing scratches and wear on the surface of the forging, and improving the surface quality and precision of the forging.
[0024] The spring 10 can automatically adjust the stress state between the dies, especially under the combined external force caused by accidental factors such as inconsistent deformation of the billet. The spring 10 can absorb and disperse these external forces to avoid excessive movement of the workbench 3, thereby maintaining a smooth forging process, helping to reduce damage to the dies and equipment, and improving the quality of the forgings. During the forging process, when the deformation force of the upper die is greater than that of the lower die, the spring 10 will push the workbench 3 downward, thereby slowing down the closing speed of the upper die and speeding up the closing speed of the lower die. The automatic adjustment mechanism helps to balance the deformation forces on both sides, avoiding damage to the die due to uneven force, and also helps to achieve uniform deformation of the forgings.
[0025] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An upper and lower opposing forging structure, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: Hydraulic cylinders (13) are installed on both upper and lower sides of the frame (1), and a lower slider (2) and an upper slider (4) are respectively fixed to the push rod ends of the hydraulic cylinders (13); A guide rail (9) is fixed on one side of the frame (1); a workbench (3) is slidably connected to the inner side of the track groove of the guide rail (9); a first lower die (6) is installed on the top of the workbench (3); and a first upper die (5) located on the upper side of the first lower die (6) is installed on one side of the bottom of the upper slide block (4); A second upper die (7) is installed at the bottom of the workbench (3), and a second lower die (8) located at the lower side of the second upper die (7) is installed at the top of the lower slider (2); A spring (10) is connected between the workbench (3) and the frame (1).
2. The upper and lower opposing forging structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first forging (11) is placed inside the forming cavity of the first lower die (6); when the first upper die (5) and the first lower die (6) cooperate with each other, the first forging (11) is in a forging state.
3. The upper and lower opposing forging structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second forging (12) is placed inside the forming cavity of the second lower die (8); when the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8) cooperate with each other, the second forging (12) is in a forging state.
4. The forging method of the upper and lower opposing forging structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Heat the 45 steel billet to forging temperature; S2, spraying lubricant on the surfaces of the first upper mold (5), the first lower mold (6), the second upper mold (7) and the second lower mold (8); S3, taking out the first forging (11) and the second forging (12) from the heating furnace at the same time, and placing the first forging (11) and the second forging (12) into the inner sides of the forming cavities of the first lower die (6) and the second lower die (8), respectively; S4, controlling the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (13) to extend, and the push rod end respectively pushes the lower slider (2) and the upper slider (4) to move toward one side of the workbench (3), so that the first upper die (5) and the first lower die (6) and the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8) respectively forge the first forging (11) and the second forging (12); S5. During the forging process, the first forging (11) and the second forging (12) begin to deform and gradually fit into the forming cavities of the first lower die (6) and the second lower die (8). The middle workbench (3) is adjusted to move up and down under the action of the spring (10) according to the magnitude of the forging force, so as to balance and adjust the stress state of the first upper die (5) and the first lower die (6) and the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8); S6, when the first upper die (5) and the first lower die (6) are completely closed with the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8), the first forging (11) and the second forging (12) are completely forged, and the forging process is completed at the same time; S7, after forging is completed, the push rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (13) retracts, driving the upper slider (4) and the lower slider (2) to return to their original positions, respectively, so that the first upper die (5) and the first lower die (6) are opened with the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8); S8. Take out the forged upper and lower forgings from the first lower die (6) and the second lower die (8), spray lubricant on the first upper die (5), the first lower die (6), the second upper die (7) and the second lower die (8) again, and prepare to enter the next forging cycle.
5. The forging method of the upper and lower opposing forging structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S1, the forging temperature is 1180-1220°C.