Variable-diameter supporting device for keeping stability of light alloy thin-wall cylindrical component and application of variable-diameter supporting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter supporting device for keeping the stability of a light alloy thin-wall cylindrical component and application of the variable-diameter supporting device, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The invention aims to solve the problem that the stability of the whole structure is affected due to the fact that the existing light alloy thin-wall cylindrical component is uneven in stress and easy to sink or deform in the machining process. A variable-diameter supporting device for keeping stability of a light alloy thin-wall cylindrical component comprises a central fixing lead screw, a supporting arm, a supporting plate, a first sliding block adjusting structure, a second sliding block adjusting structure and two locking nuts. A variable-diameter supporting device for keeping stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is used for assisting machining forming of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component. The variable-diameter supporting arm is adopted, the supporting diameter is adjusted through the sliding block adjusting structure, the locking nut is used for locking, operation is easy, efficiency is high, and the device can adapt to workpieces with different diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a variable diameter support device and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the materials in the fields of aerospace and military industry require lightweight equipment while ensuring the stability of the equipment. In these application fields, not only higher requirements are placed on the comprehensive performance of materials, but also the lightweight of materials is hoped to increase the Mach number and increase the flight distance, which poses a severe challenge to the density of structural materials. It is understood that the most commonly used lightweight alloys in the above fields include aluminum alloys, traditional magnesium alloys, etc. Among them, the application history of magnesium alloys is much shorter than that of aluminum alloys, but with its lightweight and recyclable characteristics, it has become a rapidly emerging engineering material in modern industry. Among them, the density is less than 1.5g / cm 3 The development and application of magnesium-lithium alloys with higher specific strength fills the gap between traditional magnesium alloys and polymer non-metallic materials. Magnesium-lithium alloys have attracted attention in special fields at home and abroad due to their unique advantages, and a large amount of resources have been given to support their development and application.

[0003] However, the commercial development of magnesium-lithium alloy in the civilian field is limited due to the high processing technology requirements, especially in the field of machining of magnesium-lithium alloy thin-walled cylindrical components. The existing magnesium-lithium alloy thin-walled cylindrical components are subjected to uneven force during the machining process, and are prone to dents or deformation, resulting in poor overall structural stability. This problem greatly limits the application of magnesium-lithium alloy thin-walled cylindrical components. At present, the traditional method of solving deformation in the prior art is mainly to grasp the various links of heat treatment and machining process, and to minimize deformation with reasonable processing methods, but the effect is often unsatisfactory. In recent years, some people have adopted the method of post-processing shaping to eliminate deformation, such as the invention patent "A shaping tool for thin-walled cylindrical parts" disclosed in 2018, but this method is only suitable for components with simpler shapes and structures, and it is difficult to eliminate deformation for components with complex shapes and high precision requirements. Therefore, solving the problem of uneven force and poor stability of magnesium-lithium alloy thin-walled cylindrical components during machining has become the key to improving the quality of the final formed components. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing light alloy thin-walled cylindrical components are subjected to uneven force during machining, are prone to dents or deformation, and thus affect the stability of the overall structure, and to provide a variable diameter support device and its application for maintaining the stability of light alloy thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0005] A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, comprising a central fixed screw 1, a support arm 2, a support plate 3, a first slider adjustment structure 4, a second slider adjustment structure 5 and two locking nuts 6;

[0006] The support arm 2 includes a first support arm and a second support arm;

[0007] The first support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the first slider adjustment structure 4, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0008] The second support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the second slider adjustment structure 5, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0009] The first slider adjustment structure 4 , the second slider adjustment structure 5 and the locking nut 6 are sleeved on the central fixed screw 1 ; the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5 are arranged between the two locking nuts 6 .

[0010] A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is used to assist in machining the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component.

[0011] Principles and advantages of the present invention:

[0012] 1. Based on the existing machining of light alloy thin-walled cylindrical components, the present invention inserts a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component into the component to provide support force from the inside of the component, so that the force is more uniform during the machining process, and it is not easy to be dented or deformed, which greatly improves the overall stability of the component;

[0013] 2. The present invention adopts a support arm 2 with a variable diameter, uses a slider adjustment structure to adjust the support diameter, and uses a locking nut to lock it. The operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, and it can adapt to workpieces of different diameters.

[0014] 3. Compared with conventional machining methods, the cylinder wall of the component machined by the support device in the present invention is smooth and has no obvious defects, which provides a strong guarantee for the subsequent process and greatly improves the yield rate of the component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component of the present invention, in which 1 is a central fixed screw, 2 is a support arm, 3 is a support plate, 4 is a first slider adjustment structure, 5 is a second slider adjustment structure, and 6 is a locking nut;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process of machining a magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component using a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component of the present invention. In which, Figure a) is the device in a contracted state, Figure b) is the device in a working state, and Figure c) is the magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component in a machining state;

[0018] Figure 4 A physical picture of the working state of machining a magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component using a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a simulation diagram of the machining deformation amount generated by conventional machining and machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts using the variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of light alloy thin-walled cylindrical parts according to the present invention; wherein, Figure a) is the machining deformation generated by conventional machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts, and Figure b) is the machining deformation generated by machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts using the support device according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a physical picture of a magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component being machined using conventional machining methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, including a central fixed screw 1, a support arm 2, a support plate 3, a first slider adjustment structure 4, a second slider adjustment structure 5 and two locking nuts 6;

[0022] The support arm 2 includes a first support arm and a second support arm;

[0023] The first support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the first slider adjustment structure 4, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0024] The second support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the second slider adjustment structure 5, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0025] The first slider adjustment structure 4 , the second slider adjustment structure 5 and the locking nut 6 are sleeved on the central fixed screw 1 ; the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5 are arranged between the two locking nuts 6 .

[0026] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that: the first support arm is one support rod, the second support arm is two support rods; the first support arm on the lower surface of the support plate 3 is arranged between the two support rods of the second support arm. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiment 1.

[0027] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 or 2 in that the first slider adjustment structure 4, the second slider adjustment structure 5 and the locking nut 6 can slide freely on the central fixed screw 1. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiment 1 or 2.

[0028] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: the support arms 2 are four groups, and the support arms 2 are opened and closed by the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0029] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that there are four support plates 3, and the support plates 3 are in contact with and support the inner wall of the thin-walled cylindrical component by adjusting the opening and closing of the support arms 2. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0030] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that the central fixed screw 1, the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5 are made of 45# steel; the support arm 2 and the support plate 3 are made of aluminum alloy. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0031] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that the support plate 3 is an arc-shaped plate with a certain angle of 30° to 45° so as to evenly distribute the support force. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 6.

[0032] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 7 in that the surface of the support plate 3 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or polyurethane coating to avoid abrasion of the inner wall of the container. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0033] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that the material of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium-lithium alloy. The other steps are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 8.

[0034] Specific implementation method 10: This implementation method is a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, which is used to assist in the machining of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, and is specifically completed in the following steps:

[0035] 1. Rotate the two locking nuts 6 to loosen the support arm 2 so that it is in a retracted state;

[0036] Second, a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is integrally inserted into the interior of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, and the support arm 2 is gradually expanded to approach the inner wall of the cylindrical component by adjusting the positions of the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5;

[0037] 3. When the support plate 3 at the end of the support arm 2 contacts the cylindrical component, stop adjusting and confirm that the support arm 2 has been fully extended and the support plate 3 has provided uniform support force to the inner wall of the cylindrical component;

[0038] 4. When the support arm 2 reaches the desired position, rotate and lock the two locking nuts 6 to fix the support arm 2 at the predetermined position;

[0039] 5. Machining of lightweight alloy thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0040] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] Embodiment 1: A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical member, comprising a central fixed screw 1, a support arm 2, a support plate 3, a first slider adjustment structure 4, a second slider adjustment structure 5 and two locking nuts 6;

[0042] The support arm 2 includes a first support arm and a second support arm;

[0043] The first support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the first slider adjustment structure 4, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0044] The second support arm is disposed between the support plate 3 and the second slider adjustment structure 5, and is connected to the two by bolts;

[0045] The first slider adjustment structure 4, the second slider adjustment structure 5 and the locking nut 6 are sleeved on the central fixed screw 1; the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5 are arranged between the two locking nuts 6;

[0046] The first support arm is a support rod, and the second support arm is two support rods; the first support arm on the lower surface of the support plate 3 is arranged between the two support rods of the second support arm;

[0047] The first slider adjustment structure 4, the second slider adjustment structure 5 and the locking nut 6 can slide freely on the central fixed screw 1;

[0048] There are 4 groups of support arms 2, and the support arms 2 are opened and closed by the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5;

[0049] There are four support plates 3, and the support plates 3 can achieve contact and support with the inner wall of the thin-walled cylindrical component by adjusting the opening and closing of the support arms 2;

[0050] The material of the central fixed screw 1, the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5 is 45# steel; the material of the support arm 2 and the support plate 3 is 2219 aluminum alloy;

[0051] The support plate 3 is an arc-shaped plate with a certain angle, the angle is 45°;

[0052] The surface of the support plate 3 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0053] Embodiment 2: A method for machining a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component using a variable diameter support device for maintaining stability described in Embodiment 1 is specifically accomplished by the following steps:

[0054] 1. Rotate the two locking nuts 6 to loosen the support arm 2 so that it is in a retracted state;

[0055] Second, a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is integrally inserted into the interior of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, and the support arm 2 is gradually expanded to approach the inner wall of the cylindrical component by adjusting the positions of the first slider adjustment structure 4 and the second slider adjustment structure 5;

[0056] The material of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component described in step 2 is LAZ931 magnesium-lithium alloy;

[0057] 3. When the support plate 3 at the end of the support arm 2 contacts the cylindrical component, stop adjusting and confirm that the support arm 2 has been fully extended and the support plate 3 has provided uniform support force to the inner wall of the cylindrical component;

[0058] 4. When the support arm 2 reaches the desired position, rotate and lock the two locking nuts 6 to fix the support arm 2 at the predetermined position;

[0059] 5. Machining of lightweight alloy thin-walled cylindrical components.

[0060] Figure 5 It is a simulation diagram of the machining deformation amount generated by conventional machining and machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts using the variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of light alloy thin-walled cylindrical parts according to the present invention; wherein, Figure a) is the machining deformation generated by conventional machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts, and Figure b) is the machining deformation generated by machining of magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical parts using the support device according to the present invention;

[0061] from Figure 5It can be seen from a) that a large displacement of 0.478mm occurs at the position where the load is applied, while the final large-area wall thickness of the workpiece is 2-2.5mm, which will have a huge impact on the shape error. In addition, it can be seen that the deformation covers a large range, and there is still a deformation of about 0.2mm at about 260mm from the loading point, which will cause large geometric deformation and processing errors to the processed workpiece, which is not allowed in actual processing. In cutting processing, it will cause deformation of the component cutting process and affect the cutting accuracy and surface quality.

[0062] from Figure 5 It can be seen from b) that the maximum deformation produced by the machining process is 0.065 mm, which is much smaller than the deformation during conventional machining. The overall deformation and deformation range are also smaller than the deformation and deformation range when no support device is used. The overall stability of the component is significantly improved.

[0063] Figure 6 This is a physical picture of a magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component machined by conventional machining;

[0064] from Figure 6 It can be seen that due to the large deformation during conventional machining, the components are subjected to uneven force, and defects such as dents or deformation are very likely to occur, which brings great difficulties to the subsequent processes.

[0065] Figure 4 A physical picture of the working state of machining a magnesium-lithium alloy cylindrical component using a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to the present invention;

[0066] pass Figure 4 and Figure 6 By comparison, it can be seen that the cylinder wall of the component machined by the support device in the present invention is smooth without obvious depression or deformation, which lays the foundation for the success of the final component.

Claims

1. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, characterized in that The device comprises a central fixed screw (1), a support arm (2), a support plate (3), a first slider adjustment structure (4), a second slider adjustment structure (5) and two locking nuts (6); The support arm (2) comprises a first support arm and a second support arm; The first support arm is arranged between the support plate (3) and the first slider adjustment structure (4), and is connected to the two by bolts; The second support arm is arranged between the support plate (3) and the second slider adjustment structure (5), and is connected to the two by bolts; The first slider adjustment structure (4), the second slider adjustment structure (5) and the locking nut (6) are sleeved on the central fixed screw (1); the first slider adjustment structure (4) and the second slider adjustment structure (5) are arranged between the two locking nuts (6).

2. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The first support arm is a support rod, and the second support arm is two support rods; the first support arm on the lower surface of the support plate (3) is arranged between the two support rods of the second support arm.

3. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The first slider adjustment structure (4), the second slider adjustment structure (5) and the locking nut (6) can slide freely on the central fixed screw (1).

4. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The support arms (2) are divided into four groups, and the support arms (2) are opened and closed by being driven by the first slider adjustment structure (4) and the second slider adjustment structure (5).

5. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that There are four support plates (3), and the support plates (3) achieve contact and support with the inner wall of the thin-walled cylindrical component by adjusting the opening and closing of the support arms (2).

6. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the central fixed screw (1), the first slider adjustment structure (4) and the second slider adjustment structure (5) is 45 steel; the material of the support arm (2) and the support plate (3) is aluminum alloy.

7. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The support plate (3) is an arc-shaped plate with a certain angle, and the angle is 30° to 45°.

8. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface of the support plate (3) is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or polyurethane coating.

9. A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical member according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium-lithium alloy.

10. Use of a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that A variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is used to assist in machining of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, which is specifically completed in the following steps:

1. Rotate the two locking nuts (6) to loosen the support arm (2) so that it is in a retracted state; Second, a variable diameter support device for maintaining the stability of a light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component is integrally inserted into the interior of the light alloy thin-walled cylindrical component, and the support arm (2) is gradually expanded to approach the inner wall of the cylindrical component by adjusting the positions of the first slider adjustment structure (4) and the second slider adjustment structure (5); 3. When the support plate (3) at the end of the support arm (2) contacts the cylindrical component, stop adjusting and confirm that the support arm (2) has been fully extended and the support plate (3) has provided uniform support force to the inner wall of the cylindrical component; 4. When the support arm (2) reaches the desired position, the two locking nuts (6) are rotated and locked to fix the support arm (2) at the predetermined position; 5. Machining of lightweight alloy thin-walled cylindrical components.

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