Water guide laser processing method and tool for preventing water from being splashed and laser from being damaged

Abstract

The application relates to a water-guided laser processing method for water collection, waterproofing and laser damage prevention, which is realized through a water-guided laser processing tool for water collection, waterproofing and laser damage prevention. The water-guided laser processing tool comprises a tool main body. A two-stage recess for water storage is arranged in the middle of the tool main body, and a raised waterproof groove is arranged at the edge of the tool main body. A laser protection layer is arranged on the surface of the tool main body. The water-guided laser processing method comprises the following steps: installing the water-guided laser processing tool on a machine tool and installing a water-guided laser processing workpiece on the water-guided laser processing tool; when the water-guided laser processing workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing, waste water is intercepted through the waterproof groove, and the waste water is discharged to a waste water treatment device. The application can solve the problems of water prevention, waste water collection and laser protection of the tool in the water-guided laser processing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water-guided laser processing technology, and in particular to a water-guided laser processing method and tooling that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, new composite materials are widely used in high-temperature resistant components for aerospace applications. However, traditional machining processes for these new composite materials often result in defects such as cracks, delamination, and fiber pull-out. Furthermore, ultrafast lasers and long-pulse lasers are unsuitable for machining large composite structural parts due to their low efficiency and severe damage, respectively. Water-guided laser machining, however, offers advantages such as a small heat-affected zone, minimal thermal damage to the material, long machining distances, taper-free kerfs, and low environmental pollution. However, suitable fixtures for water-guided laser machining of large composite structural parts still lack design, and issues such as waterproofing, wastewater collection, and laser protection of the fixture are urgent problems to be solved in water-guided laser machining. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] This application provides a water-guided laser processing method that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage, solving the problems of waterproofing, wastewater collection, and laser protection of tooling during the water-guided laser processing process.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a water-conducting laser processing method that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage, which is achieved through a water-conducting laser processing fixture that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage.

[0007] The water-guided laser processing fixture includes a fixture body; the fixture body has a two-stage recess for water storage in the middle and raised waterproof grooves at the edges; the surface of the fixture body is covered with a laser protective layer.

[0008] The water-guided laser processing method includes:

[0009] The water-guided laser processing fixture is mounted on a machine tool, and the water-guided laser processing workpiece is mounted on the water-guided laser processing fixture.

[0010] When the workpiece is processed by water-guided laser, the wastewater is intercepted by the waterproof tank and discharged to the wastewater treatment device.

[0011] Furthermore, when the workpiece undergoes water-guided laser processing, wastewater is intercepted through the waterproof tank, including:

[0012] When the workpiece is processed by water-guided laser at a small tilt angle, wastewater is intercepted by the waterproof groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the water-guided laser processing fixture also includes a waterproof plate, and the edge of the fixture body is provided with a guide rail, on which the waterproof plate is mounted and can slide.

[0014] The water-guided laser processing method further includes:

[0015] When the workpiece is processed by water-guided laser, the waterproof plate is slid to a low water level to intercept wastewater.

[0016] Furthermore, during water-guided laser processing of the workpiece, the waterproof plate is slid to a low water level to intercept wastewater, including:

[0017] When the workpiece is subjected to large-angle water-guided laser processing, the waterproof plate is slid to a low water level to intercept wastewater.

[0018] Furthermore, the tooling body is also provided with a flow guide port;

[0019] The process of discharging wastewater to a wastewater treatment device includes:

[0020] The guide port is connected to the wastewater treatment device through a guide pipe, so that wastewater is discharged from the guide port to the wastewater treatment device.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a water-conducting laser processing fixture that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage, for implementing the water-conducting laser processing method described above;

[0022] The water-guided laser processing fixture includes a fixture body; the fixture body has a two-stage recess for water storage in the middle and a raised waterproof groove on the edge; the surface of the fixture body is provided with a laser protective layer.

[0023] Furthermore, the water-guided laser processing fixture also includes a waterproof plate, and a guide rail is provided on the edge of the fixture body, on which the waterproof plate is mounted and can slide.

[0024] Furthermore, the tooling body is also provided with a flow guide port.

[0025] Furthermore, the tooling body has multiple first threaded holes in the middle and multiple second threaded holes around it;

[0026] The first threaded hole is used to mount the water-guided laser processing fixture on the machine tool, and the second threaded hole is used to mount the water-guided laser processing workpiece on the water-guided laser processing fixture.

[0027] Furthermore, the main body of the tooling is disc-shaped, the waterproof plate is arc-shaped, and the laser protective layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0028] (3) Beneficial effects

[0029] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following advantages:

[0030] The water-guided laser processing method provided in the first aspect of this application, which addresses water collection, waterproofing, and laser damage prevention, utilizes a waterproof groove on the edge of the fixture body to intercept wastewater, preventing it from flowing onto the machine tool. The intercepted wastewater is discharged to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The laser protective layer covering the surface of the fixture body effectively prevents laser damage to the fixture surface due to material penetration. This method solves the technical problems of water collection, waterproofing, and laser damage prevention for large composite material structural parts during laser processing.

[0031] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the water-guided laser processing fixture provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the water-guided laser processing fixture provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 3 A side view of the water-guided laser processing fixture provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 4 A top view of the water-guided laser processing fixture provided in this application.

[0037] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tooling body; 2. Waterproof groove; 3. Laser protective layer; 4. Waterproof membrane; 5. Guide rail; 6. Flow port; 7. First threaded hole; 8. Second threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0039] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" means "two or more."

[0042] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0043] This embodiment provides a water-conducting laser processing method that collects water, prevents waterproofing, and protects against laser damage, achieved through a water-conducting laser processing fixture that provides water collection, waterproofing, and protection against laser damage. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the water-guided laser processing fixture includes a fixture body 1; the fixture body 1 has a two-stage recess for water storage in the middle and a raised waterproof groove 2 on the edge; the surface of the fixture body 1 is covered with a laser protective layer 3.

[0044] The water-guided laser processing method includes: installing the water-guided laser processing fixture on a machine tool and installing the water-guided laser processing workpiece on the water-guided laser processing fixture; when the water-guided laser processing workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing, wastewater is intercepted through the waterproof tank 2 and discharged to a wastewater treatment device.

[0045] Since water-guided laser processing generates wastewater, the waterproof groove 2 on the edge of the fixture body can intercept the wastewater, preventing it from flowing onto the machine tool. The intercepted wastewater is discharged to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The laser protective layer 3 covering the surface of the fixture body can effectively prevent laser from damaging the fixture surface by penetrating the material. The water-guided laser processing method provided in this embodiment can solve the technical problems of water collection, waterproofing, and laser damage prevention during the laser processing of large composite material structural parts.

[0046] In some embodiments, when the water-guided laser-processed workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing, wastewater is intercepted through the waterproof groove, including: when the water-guided laser-processed workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing at a small tilt angle, wastewater is intercepted through the waterproof groove 2.

[0047] In some embodiments, the water-guided laser processing fixture further includes a waterproof plate 4, and a guide rail 5 is provided on the edge of the fixture body. The waterproof plate 4 is mounted on the guide rail 5 and can slide. The water-guided laser processing method further includes: when the workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing, sliding the waterproof plate 4 to a low water level to intercept wastewater.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the water-guided laser-processed workpiece is subjected to water-guided laser processing, the waterproof plate is slid to a low water level to intercept wastewater. This includes: when the water-guided laser-processed workpiece is subjected to large-angle water-guided laser processing, the waterproof plate 4 is slid to a low water level to intercept wastewater.

[0049] In some embodiments, the tooling body 1 is further provided with a guide port 6; the discharge of wastewater to the wastewater treatment device includes: connecting the guide port 6 to the wastewater treatment device through a guide pipe, so that the wastewater is discharged from the guide port 6 to the wastewater treatment device.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a water-conducting laser processing fixture that collects water, prevents water damage, and protects against laser damage, for implementing the water-conducting laser processing method described above. The water-conducting laser processing fixture includes a fixture body 1; the fixture body 1 has a two-stage recess for water storage in the middle and raised waterproof grooves 2 on the edges; a laser protective layer 3 is provided on the surface of the fixture body 1.

[0051] In some embodiments, the water-guided laser processing fixture further includes a waterproof plate 4, and the edge of the fixture body 1 is provided with a guide rail 5, on which the waterproof plate 4 is mounted and can slide.

[0052] In some embodiments, the tooling body 1 is further provided with a flow guide port 6.

[0053] In some embodiments, the tooling body 1 has a plurality of first threaded holes 7 in the middle and a plurality of second threaded holes 8 around it; the first threaded holes 7 are used to mount the water-guided laser processing tooling on a machine tool, and the second threaded holes 8 are used to mount the water-guided laser processing workpiece on the water-guided laser processing tooling.

[0054] In some embodiments, the tooling body 1 is disc-shaped, the waterproof plate 4 is arc-shaped, and the laser protective layer 3 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0055] The water-guided laser processing fixture includes a stainless steel disc-shaped fixture body 1 with a two-stage recess in the middle for water storage and raised waterproof grooves 2 along its edges. A first threaded hole 7 located in the center of the fixture body 1 allows the fixture to be fixed to various types of CNC machine tools. Second threaded holes 8 located around the fixture body 1 are used to clamp large samples for water-guided laser processing. The advantage of this type of fixture is that it is suitable for various types of CNC machine tools and can clamp large samples of various shapes to be processed.

[0056] The waterproof tank 2 can intercept a small amount of wastewater, preventing it from flowing onto the machine tool. The guide rail 5 allows the arc-shaped waterproof plate 4 to move freely. When machining workpieces at large angles, the arc-shaped waterproof plate 4 slides on the guide rail 5 to a lower water level position, thus intercepting a large amount of wastewater and avoiding the problem of interference between the fixture and the water-guided laser processing head caused by the waterproof plate being too high. The guide port 6 can discharge the wastewater collected by the waterproof tank 2 and the arc-shaped waterproof plate 4 from the disc-shaped fixture body 1 through the guide pipe to the wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer covering the upper surface of the fixture can effectively prevent the laser from damaging the surface of the fixture due to material penetration.

[0057] Firstly, when the workpiece undergoes small-angle water-guided laser processing, a small amount of wastewater is intercepted by the waterproof groove 2 on the edge of the fixture body, preventing it from flowing onto the machine tool. When the workpiece undergoes large-angle processing, the arc-shaped waterproof plate 4 can slide on the guide rail 5 to a lower water level position, thus intercepting a large amount of wastewater. The intercepted wastewater is collected from the guide port 6 on the fixture through a guide pipe to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covering the upper surface of the fixture effectively prevents the laser from damaging the fixture surface due to material penetration.

[0058] Since water-guided laser processing generates wastewater, a small amount of wastewater can be intercepted using the waterproof groove 2 on the edge of the fixture body, preventing it from flowing onto the machine tool. However, when the workpiece is processed at a large tilt angle, the edge waterproof groove 2 is less effective at collecting wastewater. A curved waterproof plate 4 can slide on the guide rail 5 to a lower water level position, thus intercepting a large amount of wastewater. A waterproof gasket is used between the guide rail 5 and the curved waterproof plate 4 for waterproofing. The intercepted wastewater is collected from the guide port 6 on the fixture through a guide pipe to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer covering the upper surface of the fixture effectively prevents laser damage to the fixture surface due to material penetration.

[0059] The water-guided laser processing method and apparatus provided in this application embodiment achieve stable clamping of large composite material structural parts for multi-angle processing on a water-guided laser machine tool. It also properly collects the wastewater generated during the water-guided laser processing to prevent the wastewater from contacting the CNC machine tool and causing corrosion or even electric shock to technicians. It solves the problem of interference between the tooling and the water-guided laser processing head caused by the excessive height of the tooling waterproofing device, and prevents damage to the tooling surface caused by laser penetration of the material during the water-guided laser processing.

[0060] The following is a description through specific embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] First, the disc-shaped fixture and its accessories are assembled onto the water-guided laser CNC machine tool. Then, the large ceramic matrix composite structural component is fixed to the threaded holes of the fixture using pins and bolts. Afterward, the workpiece can begin formal machining. When machining the workpiece at a small angle, a small amount of wastewater is intercepted by the waterproof grooves on the edge of the fixture body. The intercepted wastewater is collected from the guide port on the fixture through a guide pipe to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covering the upper surface of the fixture effectively prevents laser damage to the fixture surface due to material penetration.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] First, the disc-shaped fixture and its accessories are assembled onto the water-guided laser CNC machine tool. Then, the large resin-based composite material structural component is fixed to the threaded holes of the fixture using pins and bolts. Afterward, the workpiece can begin formal machining. When machining the workpiece at large angles, the curved waterproof plate slides along the guide rail to a lower water level, thus intercepting a large amount of wastewater. The intercepted wastewater is collected from the guide port on the fixture through a guide pipe to a wastewater treatment device for unified purification. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covering the upper surface of the fixture effectively prevents laser damage to the fixture surface due to material penetration.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water guided laser processing method for water collection, water proofing and laser damage prevention, characterized in that, The water guide laser processing tool is used for water collection and water proofing and laser damage prevention; The water guide laser processing tool comprises a tool body; a two-stage recess for water storage is formed in the middle of the tool body, and a raised water-proof groove is formed on the edge of the tool body; a laser protection layer is covered on the surface of the tool body; the water guide laser processing tool further comprises a water-proof plate, and a guide rail is formed on the edge of the tool body, and the water-proof plate is installed on the guide rail and can slide; The water guide laser processing method comprises: The water guide laser processing tool is installed on a machine tool, and a water guide laser processing workpiece is installed on the water guide laser processing tool; When the water guide laser processing workpiece is subjected to water guide laser processing, waste water is intercepted by the water-proof groove and the water-proof plate, and is discharged to a waste water treatment device; When the water guide laser processing workpiece is subjected to water guide laser processing, waste water is intercepted by the water-proof groove and the water-proof plate, and is discharged to a waste water treatment device; When the water guide laser processing workpiece is subjected to small-inclination-angle water guide laser processing, waste water is intercepted by the water-proof groove; When the water guide laser processing workpiece is subjected to large-inclination-angle water guide laser processing, the water-proof plate is slid to a low water level, and waste water is intercepted by the water-proof plate.

2. The water guided laser processing method according to claim 1, wherein A flow guide opening is further formed in the tool body; The waste water is discharged to the waste water treatment device, which comprises: The flow guide opening is connected to the waste water treatment device through a flow guide pipe, so that waste water is discharged from the flow guide opening to the waste water treatment device.

3. The water-guided laser processing method according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the middle of the tool body, and a plurality of second threaded holes are formed around the tool body; The first threaded holes are used for installing the water guide laser processing tool on a machine tool, and the second threaded holes are used for installing a water guide laser processing workpiece on the water guide laser processing tool.

4. The water-guided laser processing method according to claim 1, wherein The tool body is disc-shaped, the water-proof plate is arc-shaped, and the laser protection layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

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