Cargo loading, unloading and carrying device and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cargo loading, unloading and carrying, and discloses a cargo loading, unloading and carrying device and a using method. The cargo loading, unloading and carrying device comprises a working plate, a supporting frame, telescopic rods, telescopic motors and limiting rods; the loading and unloading fixing unit is arranged on the working plate; the supporting frame is arranged on one side of the working plate; the telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame, and the bottom of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the working plate; and the telescopic motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting frame and communicates with the telescopic rod, when the loading and unloading assembly lifts goods into the working plate through the driving assembly, the driving assembly can also drive the fixing assembly to move, and the moving fixing assembly can slowly get close to the goods till the goods are clamped. By means of the arrangement, when the goods shake in the carrying and transporting process, the goods cannot fall off from the working plate, and the goods cannot be damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cargo loading and unloading, and in particular to a cargo loading and unloading device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cargo handling refers to a series of operations such as loading, unloading, moving, stacking, sorting, and tallying of goods during the logistics process. These operations are important links in logistics activities and have a direct impact on logistics efficiency, cost, and safety.

[0003] Patent No. CN109095064B discloses an easily adjustable handling device for logistics warehousing, which includes a base, rollers, universal wheels, large bearings, a large rotating shaft, a large rotating disk, a long guide rod, a lifting plate, a first spring, a connecting rod, a slider, a first pull wire, etc.; the bottom of the base is connected with rollers and universal wheels, and the rollers and universal wheels are both symmetrically arranged front and back. The device has a flexible structure and can be easily adjusted. It can load and unload goods on shelves of different heights without the need for high-altitude operations. It is safe and reliable, easy to use, and saves time and effort.

[0004] In the prior art, a large rotating disk, a long guide rod, a lifting plate and other devices are used to enable a handling device to load and unload goods on shelves at different heights. However, during loading and unloading, the lifting or the bumping during transportation may cause the goods to overturn, resulting in the goods being transported falling and suffering severe impacts. The damaged goods may be damaged. When the damaged goods are delivered to the users, they may be complained by the users, resulting in a bad reputation and economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cargo loading and unloading device and a method of use to solve the following technical problems: When loading and unloading goods, the goods may be damaged due to lifting or bumps during transportation, causing them to overturn and collapse, resulting in users receiving damaged goods.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A cargo loading and unloading device comprises a working plate, a supporting frame, a telescopic rod, a telescopic motor and a limiting rod; and also comprises a loading and unloading fixing unit arranged on the working plate; The support frame is arranged on one side of the working plate; The telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the support frame, and the bottom of the support rod is fixedly connected to the working plate; The telescopic motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame, and the telescopic motor is connected to the telescopic rod; There are two limit rods, which are symmetrically fixed on the support frame, and the working plate is slidably arranged on the limit rods; The loading and unloading fixing unit is arranged on the working plate, and includes a driving component, a loading and unloading component, a fixing component and a pressing component; the driving component drives the loading and unloading component to move; the driving component drives the fixing component to move and fix; the driving component drives the pressing component to lift; The driving component drives the loading and unloading component to load and unload the goods to be transported. When the loading and unloading component is loading and unloading, the driving component also drives the fixing component and the pressing component to move at the same time, so that the fixing component and the pressing component fix the goods, and then the telescopic motor drives the telescopic rod to lift the work plate, and then the transportation tool transports the goods to the designated location.

[0007] Further, the driving assembly includes a connecting block, a driving rod, a driving gear and a driving motor; The loading and unloading assembly includes a push rod, a sliding plate, a fork rod and a sliding column; There are two connecting blocks, which are symmetrically fixed on the working plate; the driving rod is rotatably arranged on the connecting block; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the connecting block, and the driving motor is connected to the driving rod; the driving gear is fixedly arranged on the driving rod; The push rod is movably arranged in the working plate, and the push rod is meshed with the driving gear; the sliding plate is rotatably arranged at one end of the push rod; the fork rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate; the sliding column is fixedly arranged in the working plate, and the sliding plate slides on the sliding column.

[0008] Further, the fixing assembly includes a support block, a driven rod, a first reverse thrust spring, a first reverse thrust block, a driven gear and an L-shaped plate; Among them, there are two support blocks, which are symmetrically fixed on the working plate; the driven rod is rotatably set on the support block; the driven gear is fixedly set in the middle part of the driven rod, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear; there are two L-shaped plates, which are symmetrically rotatably arranged on the driven rod; there are two first reverse thrust blocks, which are symmetrically fixed on the driven rod; the first reverse thrust spring is sleeved on the driven rod, and one end of the first reverse thrust spring is fixedly connected to the first reverse thrust block.

[0009] Further, the fixing assembly also includes a fixing block, a compression spring, a moving rod, a moving block and a clamping plate; Among them, there are two fixed blocks, and they are symmetrically fixed on the L-shaped plate; the moving rod is fixed on the fixed block; the moving block is slidably set on the moving rod; the clamping plate is fixed on the moving block; the compression spring is sleeved on the moving rod, and the two ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the fixed block and the moving block respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressing assembly includes a lifting screw, a movable block and a pressing plate. Among them, the lifting screw is rotatably arranged on the working plate, and the rotating screw is meshed with the driven gear; the movable block is rotatably arranged on the lifting screw; and the pressing plate is fixedly arranged on the movable block.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressing assembly further comprises a second reverse thrust block, a second reverse thrust spring and a limiting column; Among them, the second reverse thrust block is fixedly set on the lifting screw; the second reverse thrust spring is sleeved on the lifting screw, and one end of the second reverse thrust spring is fixedly connected to the second reverse thrust block; two limiting columns are provided, and are symmetrically fixed on the working plate; the movable block is slidably set on the limiting column.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting block is fixedly provided on one side of the support block; two limiting blocks are provided and are symmetrically arranged on the support block; a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the limiting block; and the L-shaped plate is slidably provided on the limiting rod.

[0013] A cargo loading and unloading method, the cargo loading and unloading method comprising the following steps: S1: First, the driving gear in the driving assembly rotates to move the push rod, so that the sliding plate and the fork rod are inserted into the goods to be transported; S2: After insertion, the driving gear rotates in the opposite direction to move the sliding plate and the fork rod toward the inside of the working plate. When the sliding plate and the fork rod drive the goods to move, the clamping plate and the pressing plate will also move closer to the goods under the action of the driving gear to firmly fix the goods, so that the goods will not collapse during transportation; S3: When the sliding plate and the fork rod are completely retracted into the working plate, the telescopic motor drives the telescopic rod to extend and retract, lifts the working plate, and then transports the goods to the designated location through the transportation tool.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) When the loading and unloading components lift the goods and move them into the working board through the driving component, the driving component will also drive the fixing component to move. The moving fixing component will slowly approach the goods until the goods are clamped. This setting is to prevent the goods from falling off the working board and being damaged when the goods are shaken during transportation; (2) The support frame is installed on a transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle moves the entire device to the side of the cargo, and the driving component drives the loading and unloading component to move, and the loading and unloading component moves to the bottom of the chassis for loading and unloading cargo. Then, the driving motor drives the loading and unloading component to retract toward the working plate. At the same time, the telescopic motor drives the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod moves the working plate upward for a short distance along the direction set by the limit rod. In this way, the cargo is vacated and retracted into the working plate, and the cargo falls completely onto the working plate. This setting is to facilitate the handling and loading and unloading of cargo. (3) When the driving component drives the fixing component and the loading and unloading component, it also drives the pressing component. The driving component is used to lift the pressing component so that it presses against the top of the cargo. This is done so that when the telescopic rod lifts the working plate, the center of gravity of the entire cargo shifts. The cargo is restrained by the pressing component, and the upper cargo will not collapse due to the shift of the center of gravity of the cargo during the lifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the assembly and disassembly components of the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixing assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the pressing assembly in the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the working plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a rear perspective view of the present invention.

[0017] Description of the drawings: 1. working plate; 2. fork rod; 3. sliding column; 4. sliding plate; 5. clamping plate; 6. pushing rod; 7. L-shaped plate; 8. fixed block; 9. compression spring; 10. moving rod; 11. supporting block; 12. moving block; 13. driven rod; 14. first reverse thrust spring; 15. first reverse thrust block; 16. limiting rod; 17. pressing plate; 18. limiting column; 19. lifting screw; 20. limiting rod; 21. supporting frame; 22. telescopic motor; 23. telescopic rod; 24. movable block; 25. limiting block; 26. driving gear; 27. driven gear; 28. second reverse thrust block; 29. ​​second reverse thrust spring; 30. driving rod; 31. connecting block; 32. driving motor; 01. loading and unloading assembly; 02. fixing assembly; 03. pressing assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the present invention is a cargo loading and unloading device, comprising a working plate 1, a support frame 21, a telescopic rod 23, a telescopic motor 22 and a limit rod 20; and also comprising a loading and unloading fixing unit arranged on the working plate 1; The support frame 21 is arranged on one side of the working plate 1; The telescopic rod 23 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 21, and the bottom of the support rod is fixedly connected to the working plate 1; The telescopic motor 22 is fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame 21, and the telescopic motor 22 is connected to the telescopic rod 23; The limiting rods 20 are provided with two, and the two limiting rods 20 are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the supporting frame 21, and the working plate 1 is slidably arranged on the limiting rods 20; The loading and unloading fixing unit is arranged on the working plate 1, and includes a driving component, a loading and unloading component 01, a fixing component 02 and a pressing component 03; the driving component drives the loading and unloading component 01 to move; the driving component drives the fixing component 02 to move and fix; the driving component drives the pressing component 03 to lift; The driving component drives the loading and unloading component 01 to load and unload the goods to be transported. When the loading and unloading component 01 is loading and unloading, the driving component also drives the fixing component 02 and the pressing component 03 to move simultaneously, so that the fixing component 02 and the pressing component 03 fix the goods, and then the telescopic motor 22 drives the telescopic rod 23 to lift the working board 1, and then the transportation tool transports the goods to the designated location; By installing the support frame 21 on the transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle moves the entire device to the side of the cargo, the driving component drives the loading and unloading component 01 to move, and the loading and unloading component 01 moves to the bottom of the chassis for loading and unloading cargo, and then the driving motor 32 drives the loading and unloading component 01 to be retracted in the direction of the working board 1, and at the same time, the telescopic motor 22 drives the telescopic rod 23, so that the telescopic rod 23 moves the working board 1 upward for a short distance along the direction set by the limit rod 20, so that the cargo is vacated and retracted into the working board 1, so that the cargo falls completely onto the working board 1, and this setting is to facilitate the handling and loading and unloading of cargo; When the driving component causes the loading and unloading component 01 to lift the goods and move them into the working board 1, the driving component will also drive the fixing component 02 to move, and the moving fixing component 02 will slowly approach the goods until the goods are clamped. This arrangement is to prevent the goods from falling off the working board 1 and being damaged when the goods are shaken during transportation; When the driving component drives the fixing component 02 and the loading and unloading component 01, it will also drive the pressing component 03. The driving component will lift and lower the pressing component 03 so that it presses against the top of the cargo. This arrangement is for when the telescopic rod 23 lifts the working board 1, the center of gravity of the entire cargo is shifted. The cargo is restricted by the pressing component 03, and the upper cargo will not collapse due to the shift of the center of gravity of the cargo during the lifting process.

[0020] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the driving assembly includes a connecting block 31, a driving rod 30, a driving gear 26 and a driving motor 32; The loading and unloading assembly 01 includes a push rod 6, a sliding plate 4, a fork rod 2 and a sliding column 3; There are two connecting blocks 31, which are symmetrically fixed on the working plate 1; the driving rod 30 is rotatably arranged on the connecting block 31; the driving motor 32 is fixedly arranged on the connecting block 31, and the driving motor 32 is connected to the driving rod 30; the driving gear 26 is fixedly arranged on the driving rod 30; The push rod 6 is movably arranged in the working plate 1, and the push rod 6 is meshed with the driving gear 26; the sliding plate 4 is rotatably arranged at one end of the push rod 6; the fork rod 2 is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate 4; the sliding column 3 is fixedly arranged in the working plate 1, and the sliding plate 4 slides on the sliding column 3; The driving motor 32 drives the driving rod 30 on the connecting block 31 to rotate, and the rotating driving rod 30 drives the driving gear 26 to rotate. The driving gear 26 is meshed with the pushing rod 6, so when the driving gear 26 rotates, the pushing rod 6 will move, and the moving pushing rod 6 will drive the sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 to move. The moving sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 are inserted under the chassis where the goods are placed, and then the telescopic rod 23 is used to lift the working plate 1, so as to achieve the effect of lifting the goods for transportation. The sliding plate 4 slides on the sliding column 3 to prevent the sliding plate 4 from deflecting and causing the goods to collapse and fall when the pushing rod 6 drives the sliding plate 4 to move.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the fixing assembly 02 includes a support block 11, a driven rod 13, a first reverse thrust spring 14, a first reverse thrust block 15, a driven gear 27 and an L-shaped plate 7; Among them, the support blocks 11 are provided with two and are symmetrically fixed on the working plate 1; the driven rod 13 is rotatably provided on the support block 11; the driven gear 27 is fixedly provided in the middle of the driven rod 13, and the driven gear 27 is meshed with the driving gear 26; the L-shaped plates 7 are provided with two and are symmetrically arranged on the driven rod 13; the first reverse thrust blocks 15 are provided with two and are symmetrically fixed on the driven rod 13; the first reverse thrust spring 14 is sleeved on the driven rod 13, and one end of the first reverse thrust spring 14 is fixedly connected to the first reverse thrust block 15; The driven gear 27 is driven to rotate by the driving gear 26, and the rotating driven gear 27 will rotate the driven rod 13, and the rotating driven rod 13 will move the L-shaped plate 7 arranged on the driven rod 13. Two different threads are arranged on the driven rod 13, and the two L-shaped plates 7 are arranged on these two threads respectively. When the driven rod 13 rotates, the L-shaped plates 7 will move inward or outward at the same time, so that the fixing parts on the L-shaped plates 7 can fix the goods. The first reverse thrust spring 14 and the first reverse thrust block 15 are used to prevent the L-shaped plate 7 from moving after moving to a specified distance, so as to avoid the goods being squeezed and crushed by moving inward all the time. When the driven rod 13 is reversed, the first reverse thrust spring 14 pushes the L-shaped plate 7 to the thread of the driven rod 13 so that the L-shaped plate 7 can move.

[0022] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixing assembly 02 further includes a fixing block 8, a compression spring 9, a moving rod 10, a moving block 12 and a clamping plate 5; Among them, the fixed blocks 8 are provided with two and are symmetrically fixed on the L-shaped plate 7; the moving rod 10 is fixedly provided on the fixed block 8; the moving block 12 is slidably provided on the moving rod 10; the clamping plate 5 is fixedly provided on the moving block 12; the compression spring 9 is sleeved on the moving rod 10, and the two ends of the compression spring 9 are fixedly connected to the fixed block 8 and the moving block 12 respectively; The movement of the L-shaped plate 7 will allow the clamping plate 5 arranged on the L-shaped plate 7 to clamp the goods, so that the goods can be fixed and will not shake or fall during transportation. However, in order to prevent the clamping plate 5 from clamping the goods too tightly and causing the goods to be damaged by the clamping plate 5, a fixed block 8 and a moving rod 10 are arranged on the L-shaped plate 7, and then the moving block 12 on the clamping plate 5 slides on the moving rod 10, and is restricted by the compression spring 9, so that the clamping plate 5 is in a touching state when clamping the goods, rather than a state of firmly clamping the goods. The resistance of the compression spring 9 is greater than the thrust of the shaking of the goods, so that the clamping plate 5 can restrict the goods from falling, and will not be clamped too firmly and cause damage to the goods.

[0023] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the pressing assembly 03 includes a lifting screw 19, a movable block 24 and a pressing plate 17. The lifting screw 19 is rotatably disposed on the working plate 1, and the rotating screw is meshed with the driven gear 27; the movable block 24 is rotatably disposed on the lifting screw 19; and the pressing plate 17 is fixedly disposed on the movable block 24; The driven gear 27 is driven to rotate by the driving gear 26. The driven gear 27 is meshed with the vortex under the lifting screw 19. Therefore, the rotation of the driven gear 27 will drive the lifting screw 19 to rotate. The rotating lifting screw 19 will make the movable plate and the pressing plate 17 move up and down, so that the pressing plate 17 can press the top of the goods. When the goods are lifted up, the upper layer of goods will not collapse due to the shift of the center of gravity, causing damage to the goods.

[0024] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressing assembly 03 further includes a second reverse thrust block 28, a second reverse thrust spring 29 and a limiting column 18; The second reverse thrust block 28 is fixedly arranged on the lifting screw 19; the second reverse thrust spring 29 is sleeved on the lifting screw 19, and one end of the second reverse thrust spring 29 is fixedly connected to the second reverse thrust block 28; two limiting columns 18 are provided, and are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the working plate 1; the movable block 24 is slidably arranged on the limiting column 18; By setting the limiting column 18 to pass through the movable block 24, the movable block 24 can be moved up and down along the direction set by the limiting column 18, thereby preventing the movable block 24 from deflecting when the lifting screw 19 drives the movable block 24 to move up and down. By setting the second reverse thrust spring 29 and the second reverse thrust block 28, the movable block 24 will not continue to descend due to the rotation of the lifting screw 19 when it descends to a certain extent. When the lifting screw 19 reverses, the second reverse thrust spring 29 will push the movable block 24 to move upward.

[0025] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a limiting block 25 is fixedly provided on one side of the support block 11; two limiting blocks 25 are provided and symmetrically arranged on the support block 11; a limiting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 25; and the L-shaped plate 7 is slidably provided on the limiting rod 16; By setting the limiting rod 16 on the limiting block 25 , the L-shaped plate 7 can only move in the direction set by the limiting rod 16 when moving, and the L-shaped plate 7 will not be deflected due to the rotation of the driven rod 13 .

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a cargo loading and unloading method comprises the following steps: S1: First, the driving gear 26 in the driving assembly rotates to move the push rod 6, so that the sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 are inserted into the goods to be transported; S2: After insertion, the driving gear 26 rotates in the opposite direction to move the sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 toward the inside of the working plate 1. When the sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 drive the goods to move, the clamping plate 5 and the pressing plate 17 will also move closer to the goods under the action of the driving gear 26 to firmly fix the goods so that the goods will not collapse during transportation; S3: When the sliding plate 4 and the fork rod 2 are completely retracted into the working plate 1, the telescopic motor 22 drives the telescopic rod 23 to be extended and retracted, the working plate 1 is lifted, and then the goods are transported to the designated location by means of transportation.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: by installing the support frame 21 on the transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle moves the entire device to the side of the cargo, allowing the driving component to drive the loading and unloading component 01 to move, allowing the loading and unloading component 01 to move under the chassis for loading and unloading cargo, and then the driving motor 32 drives the loading and unloading component 01 to be recovered in the direction of the working board 1, and at the same time, the telescopic motor 22 drives the telescopic rod 23, allowing the telescopic rod 23 to move the working board 1 upward for a short distance along the direction set by the limit rod 20, so that the cargo is vacated and recovered into the working board 1, allowing the cargo to fall completely onto the working board 1, and this arrangement is to facilitate the handling and loading and unloading of cargo; When the driving component causes the loading and unloading component 01 to lift the goods and move them into the working board 1, the driving component will also drive the fixing component 02 to move, and the moving fixing component 02 will slowly approach the goods until the goods are clamped. This arrangement is to prevent the goods from falling off the working board 1 and being damaged when the goods are shaken during transportation; When the driving component drives the fixing component 02 and the loading and unloading component 01, it will also drive the pressing component 03. The driving component will lift and lower the pressing component 03 so that it presses against the top of the cargo. This arrangement is for when the telescopic rod 23 lifts the working board 1, the center of gravity of the entire cargo is shifted. The cargo is restricted by the pressing component 03, and the upper cargo will not collapse due to the shift of the center of gravity of the cargo during the lifting process.

[0028] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo loading and unloading device, comprising a working plate (1), a support frame (21), a telescopic rod (23), a telescopic motor (22) and a limit rod (20); characterized in that: It also includes a loading and unloading fixing unit arranged on the working plate (1); The support frame (21) is arranged on one side of the working plate (1); The telescopic rod (23) is fixedly arranged on the support frame (21), and the bottom of the support rod is fixedly connected to the working plate (1); The telescopic motor (22) is fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame (21), and the telescopic motor (22) is connected to the telescopic rod (23); Two limit rods (20) are provided, the two limit rods (20) are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the support frame (21), and the working plate (1) is slidably arranged on the limit rods (20); The loading and unloading fixing unit is arranged on the working plate (1), and comprises a driving component, a loading and unloading component (01), a fixing component (02) and a pressing component (03); the driving component drives the loading and unloading component (01) to move; the driving component drives the fixing component (02) to move and fix; the driving component drives the pressing component (03) to move up and down; The driving component drives the loading and unloading component (01) to load and unload the goods to be transported. When the loading and unloading component (01) is loading and unloading, the driving component also drives the fixing component (02) and the pressing component (03) to move simultaneously, so that the fixing component (02) and the pressing component (03) fix the goods, and then drives the telescopic rod (23) through the telescopic motor (22) to lift the working plate (1), and then the transportation tool transports the goods to a designated location.

2. A cargo handling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a connecting block (31), a driving rod (30), a driving gear (26) and a driving motor (32); The loading and unloading assembly (01) comprises a pushing rod (6), a sliding plate (4), a fork rod (2) and a sliding column (3); Wherein, two connecting blocks (31) are provided and are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the working plate (1); the driving rod (30) is rotatably arranged on the connecting block (31); the driving motor (32) is fixedly arranged on the connecting block (31), and the driving motor (32) is connected to the driving rod (30); the driving gear (26) is fixedly arranged on the driving rod (30); The push rod (6) is movably arranged in the working plate (1), and the push rod (6) is meshed with the driving gear (26); the sliding plate (4) is rotatably arranged at one end of the push rod (6); the fork rod (2) is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate (4); the sliding column (3) is fixedly arranged in the working plate (1), and the sliding plate (4) slides on the sliding column (3).

3. A cargo handling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (02) comprises a support block (11), a driven rod (13), a first reverse thrust spring (14), a first reverse thrust block (15), a driven gear (27) and an L-shaped plate (7); Wherein, two support blocks (11) are provided and are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the working plate (1); the driven rod (13) is rotatably arranged on the support block (11); the driven gear (27) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driven rod (13), and the driven gear (27) is meshed with the driving gear (26); two L-shaped plates (7) are provided and are symmetrically rotatably arranged on the driven rod (13); two first reverse thrust blocks (15) are provided and are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the driven rod (13); the first reverse thrust spring (14) is sleeved on the driven rod (13), and one end of the first reverse thrust spring (14) is fixedly connected to the first reverse thrust block (15).

4. A cargo handling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (02) further comprises a fixing block (8), a compression spring (9), a moving rod (10), a moving block (12) and a clamping plate (5); Wherein, two fixed blocks (8) are provided and are symmetrically fixed on the L-shaped plate (7); the moving rod (10) is fixedly provided on the fixed block (8); the moving block (12) is slidably provided on the moving rod (10); the clamping plate (5) is fixedly provided on the moving block (12); the compression spring (9) is sleeved on the moving rod (10), and two ends of the compression spring (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed block (8) and the moving block (12).

5. A cargo handling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (03) comprises a lifting screw (19), a movable block (24) and a pressing plate (17). The lifting screw (19) is rotatably mounted on the working plate (1), and the rotating screw is meshed with the driven gear (27); the movable block (24) is rotatably mounted on the lifting screw (19); and the pressing plate (17) is fixedly mounted on the movable block (24).

6. A cargo handling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (03) further comprises a second reverse thrust block (28), a second reverse thrust spring (29) and a limiting column (18); The second reverse thrust block (28) is fixedly arranged on the lifting screw (19); the second reverse thrust spring (29) is sleeved on the lifting screw (19), and one end of the second reverse thrust spring (29) is fixedly connected to the second reverse thrust block (28); two limiting columns (18) are provided, and are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the working plate (1); and the movable block (24) is slidably arranged on the limiting column (18).

7. The cargo handling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting block (25) is fixedly provided on one side of the support block (11); two limiting blocks (25) are provided and are symmetrically arranged on the support block (11); a limiting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (25); and the L-shaped plate (7) is slidably provided on the limiting rod (16).

8. A cargo loading and unloading method, using a cargo loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The handling method comprises the following steps: S1: First, the driving gear (26) in the driving assembly rotates to move the push rod (6), so that the sliding plate (4) and the fork rod (2) are inserted into the goods to be transported; S2: After the insertion, the driving gear (26) rotates in the opposite direction to move the sliding plate (4) and the fork rod (2) toward the inside of the working plate (1). When the sliding plate (4) and the fork rod (2) drive the goods to move, the clamping plate (5) and the pressing plate (17) also move toward the goods under the action of the driving gear (26) to firmly fix the goods, so that the goods will not collapse during transportation; S3: When the sliding plate (4) and the fork rod (2) are completely retracted into the working plate (1), the telescopic motor (22) drives the telescopic rod (23) to extend and retract, thereby lifting the working plate (1) and then transporting the goods to a designated location via a transportation tool.

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