A tray sorting and unloading workstation and sorting process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tray sorting and unloading workstation. The workstation includes a top rotating mechanism for holding a tray; a bottom positioning mechanism for holding the tray; a single-arm unloader located on one side of the top rotating mechanism and the bottom positioning mechanism; a mobile roller conveyor line located below the single-arm unloader; an automatic tray turning machine located outside the mobile roller conveyor; and an empty tray collection belt located below the automatic tray turning machine. This workstation and sorting process can automatically unload freeze-dried food, collect materials, and collect trays, reducing the frequency of manual intervention and ensuring the quality of the freeze-dried food.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of food processing equipment, and in particular relates to a tray sorting and unloading workstation and a sorting process. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the freeze-dried food processing industry, freeze-dried food leaving the freeze-drying warehouse is uniformly placed onto trays on a feed cart. The cart is then pushed to the unloading area, where the trays are manually removed and the freeze-dried food is poured onto a workbench for collection. This on-site unloading station requires a large amount of manual work, and the large number of trays loaded on the cart makes manual handling inconvenient. With 24-hour production, the physical demands placed on the unloading workers are substantial. Existing manual unloading solutions for freeze-dried food utilize a fully manual work method in the unloading area, divided into two to three shifts per day. This is labor-intensive and has a significant aging workforce. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a tray sorting and unloading workstation and a sorting process. The use of the workstation and the sorting process can automatically unload freeze-dried food, collect materials and trays, reduce the frequency of manual intervention, and ensure the quality of freeze-dried food.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tray sorting and unloading workstation, which includes a tray top rotating mechanism arranged at the upper part for clamping the tray; a tray bottom positioning mechanism for clamping the tray is arranged at the corresponding position below the tray top rotating mechanism; a single-arm unloading machine is arranged on one side of the tray top rotating mechanism and the tray bottom positioning mechanism; a movable roller conveyor line is arranged below the single-arm unloading machine; an automatic tray turning machine is arranged outside the movable roller conveyor line; and an empty tray collection belt is arranged below the automatic tray turning machine.

[0005] Preferably, the workstation further comprises a material lifting belt arranged on the outside of the automatic turnover machine.

[0006] Preferably, the top rotating mechanism of the trolley includes an I-beam arranged at the lower part; a positioning cylinder for positioning the trolley is arranged on the side of the I-beam; the top rotating mechanism of the trolley also includes a top fixed plate arranged at the upper part; a top rotating motor is arranged between the I-beam and the top fixed plate; the top rotating motor is connected to a slewing support; and a support wheel is also arranged at the lower part of the top rotating mechanism of the trolley.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom positioning mechanism of the trolley includes a bottom fixing plate arranged at the bottom; a lifting cylinder is arranged on the upper part of the bottom fixing plate; a shaft sleeve is arranged on the upper part of the lifting cylinder; and a fixed shaft is arranged on the upper part of the shaft sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the single-arm blanking machine includes a bottom frame arranged at the lower part; a transverse frame is vertically arranged on the upper part of the bottom frame; and a lifting frame is arranged on the transverse frame.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom frame includes a bottom frame; the bottom frame is equipped with a bottom linear rail and a bottom rack for moving the transverse frame; the transverse frame includes a vertically arranged transverse frame; a transverse motor for driving the transverse frame to move along the bottom frame is installed on one side of the transverse frame; a transverse linear rail and a transverse rack for moving the lifting frame are installed on the transverse frame; the lifting frame includes a lifting frame; a material rack arm is provided at the front end of the lifting frame; the lower part of the material rack arm is connected to the material fork through a material fork linear rail; the lifting frame is provided with a lifting drive system that drives it to move along the transverse frame; the lifting frame is also provided with a material fork cylinder that drives the material fork to reciprocate along the material fork linear rail.

[0010] Preferably, the movable roller conveyor line includes a roller movable guide rail arranged at the lower part; a plurality of independent roller frames are vertically arranged on the roller movable guide rail; and a roller motor and a roller are arranged on the roller frame.

[0011] Preferably, the automatic turning machine includes an automatic turning machine frame arranged at the bottom; the automatic turning machine frame is a frame structure, and chains with bent plates that can be driven by the turning machine drive system are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the automatic turning machine frame; clamping mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the chains with bent plates.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting plate connected to the chain with a bent plate; the inner side of the connecting plate is connected to the base through a clamping rod; a spring is installed on the clamping rod between the connecting plate and the base; a support plate is provided between the connecting plates, and a detachable tray is provided between the upper part of the support plate and the base; a bearing is installed on the connecting plate; a fixed plate is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the automatic turning machine frame at the rotation point of the chain with a bent plate; tray blocks are provided at intervals on the chain with a bent plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a processing technology for a tray processing and unloading workstation, the processing technology comprising the following steps:

[0014] After the trolley is in place, the single-arm unloading machine takes out the four layers of pallets on the bottom of the trolley and after lifting them to a certain height, the moving roller conveyor line is retracted to the bottom of the single-arm unloading machine, and the pallets are transported to the automatic tipping machine in turn.

[0015] After the pallet arrives at the fixed position on the automatic turnover machine, the pallet moves forward with the conveyor line. After reaching the fixed position, the clamping mechanism clamps the pallet at the turnover station and performs a 180-degree turnover. The material in the tray will be flipped onto the material lifting belt. The pallet flips to the bottom of the automatic turnover machine and continues. After reaching the loose tray station, the pallet will fall onto the empty tray collection belt. The empty tray collection belt transports the pallet out until all the pallets of a material cart are unloaded and the material cart is released. At this point, a material unloading cycle ends.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the tray unloading workstation is adopted to replace manual labor, thus reducing labor intensity, improving production stability and production efficiency, and reducing production costs;

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the tray arrangement and unloading workstation of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the tray sorting and unloading workstation of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the top rotating mechanism of the skip of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the top rotating mechanism of the skip of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the bottom positioning mechanism of the feed vehicle of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the single-arm blanking machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the bottom frame of the single-arm blanking machine of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the transverse moving frame of the single-arm blanking machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a first stereoscopic view of the lifting frame of the single-arm blanking machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a second perspective view of the lifting frame of the single-arm blanking machine of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the mobile roller conveyor line of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a working state diagram of the automatic tray turning machine and the empty tray collection belt of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a partial enlarged view of the automatic tray turning machine of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This is an enlarged view of the chuck mechanism of the automatic tray turning machine of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 This is an enlarged view of the material lifting belt of the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Rotating mechanism on the top of the material cart, 2. Positioning mechanism on the bottom of the material cart, 3. Single-arm unloading machine, 4. Moving roller conveyor line, 5. Automatic turning machine, 6. Empty tray collection belt, 7. Material lifting belt, 11. I-beam, 12. Positioning cylinder, 13. Top fixed plate, 14. Top rotating motor, 15. Slewing support, 16. Support wheel, 21. Bottom fixed plate, 22. Lifting cylinder, 23. Bushing, 24. Fixed shaft, 31. Bottom frame, 32. Transverse frame, 33. Lifting frame, 311. Bottom frame, 312. Bottom linear rail, 313. Bottom rack, 321. Transverse frame, 32 2. Transverse movement motor, 323. Transverse movement linear rail, 324. Transverse movement rack, 331. Lifting frame, 332. Material rack arm, 333. Lifting drive system, 334. Material fork cylinder, 335. Material fork linear rail, 336. Material fork, 41. Roller frame, 42. Roller motor, 43. Roller, 44. Roller moving guide rail, 51. Automatic tipping machine frame, 52. Chain with bent plate, 53. Tipping machine drive system, 54. Clamping mechanism, 541. Connecting plate, 542. Base, 543. Clamping rod, 544. Pallet stopper, 545. Pallet, 546. Support plate, 547. Bearing, 548. Fixed plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0037] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above," "above," "on the upper surface of," and "upper" may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in a drawing is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" another device or structure would then be positioned as "below" or "below" the other device or structure. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the "above" and "below" orientations. The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] See also Figure 1-15 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tray sorting and unloading workstation, which includes a tray top rotating mechanism 1 arranged at the upper part for clamping the tray; a tray bottom positioning mechanism 2 for clamping the tray is arranged at the corresponding position below the tray top rotating mechanism 1; a single-arm unloading machine 3 is arranged on one side of the tray top rotating mechanism 1 and the tray bottom positioning mechanism 2; a moving roller conveyor line 4 is arranged below the single-arm unloading machine 3; an automatic tray turning machine 5 is arranged outside the moving roller conveyor line 4; and an empty tray collection belt 6 is arranged below the automatic tray turning machine 5.

[0039] The top rotation mechanism 1 and the bottom positioning mechanism 2 of the trolley cooperate to clamp the incoming trolley and raise it to the appropriate height for unloading. The trays are removed from the trolley in batches by a single-arm unloader 3 and placed layer by layer on a moving roller conveyor 4 for outward transportation. When transported to the automatic tray turning machine 5, it performs the turning operation, unloading the freeze-dried food and placing the empty trays (trays) on the empty tray collection belt 6 for transportation.

[0040] The workstation also includes a material lifting belt 7 arranged outside the automatic tray turning machine 5. The material lifting belt 7 is connected to the turning position of the automatic tray turning machine 5. As the tray turns, the freeze-dried food falls directly onto the material lifting belt 7 and is transported away. In order to prevent the freeze-dried food from sticking to the tray, a piece of anti-freeze-drying paper is often placed on the tray. The paper and the freeze-dried food fall onto the material lifting belt 7 together.

[0041] The top rotating mechanism 1 of the trolley includes an I-beam 11 disposed at the bottom; a positioning cylinder 12 for positioning the trolley is disposed on the side of the I-beam 11; the top rotating mechanism 1 also includes a top fixing plate 13 disposed at the top; a top rotating motor 14 is disposed between the I-beam 11 and the top fixing plate 13; the top rotating motor 14 is connected to a slewing support 15; and a support wheel 16 is also disposed at the bottom of the trolley top rotating mechanism 1. The bottom positioning mechanism 2 of the trolley includes a bottom fixing plate 21 disposed at the bottom; a lifting cylinder 22 is disposed above the bottom fixing plate 21; a shaft sleeve 23 is disposed above the lifting cylinder 22; and a fixed shaft 24 is disposed above the shaft sleeve 23.

[0042] The top rotating mechanism 1 of the trolley is fixed to the ceiling through the top fixing plate 13, and the bottom positioning mechanism 2 of the trolley is fixed to the floor through the bottom fixing plate 21. The trolley is manually sent to the space between the top rotating mechanism 1 and the bottom positioning mechanism 2 of the trolley via the track, and the I-beam 11 is part of the upper track. At this time, the trolley is just below the I-beam 11 and above the fixed shaft 24. At this time, the positioning cylinder 12 fixes the trolley in the corresponding position and does not move. The lifting cylinder 22 lifts upward and uses the fixed shaft 24 on the upper part of the bushing 23 to support and fix the trolley between the top rotating mechanism 1 and the bottom positioning mechanism 2 of the trolley. When the trolley needs to rotate, the top rotating motor 14 drives the slewing support 15 to move, causing this small section of the I-beam 11 to rotate, thereby driving the trolley to rotate, and the bottom of the trolley rotates on the fixed shaft 24.

[0043] The single-arm blanking machine 3 includes a bottom frame 31 provided at the bottom; a transverse frame 32 is vertically provided on the top of the bottom frame 31; and a lifting frame 33 is provided on the transverse frame 32.

[0044] The bottom frame 31 includes a bottom frame 311; the bottom frame 311 is equipped with a bottom linear rail 312 and a bottom rack 313 for moving the transverse frame 32; the transverse frame 32 includes a vertically arranged transverse frame 321; a transverse motor 322 is installed on one side of the transverse frame 321 for driving the transverse frame 32 to move along the bottom frame 31; the transverse linear rail 323 and the transverse rack 324 for moving the lifting frame 33 are installed on the transverse frame 321; the lifting frame 33 includes a lifting frame 331; a material rack arm 332 is provided at the front end of the lifting frame 331; the lower part of the material rack arm 332 is connected to the material fork 336 through the material fork linear rail 335; the lifting frame 33 is provided with a lifting drive system 333 that drives it to move along the transverse frame 32; the lifting frame 331 is also provided with a material fork cylinder 334 that drives the material fork 336 to reciprocate along the material fork linear rail 335.

[0045] The bottom frame 31 provides an X-axis motion track for the horizontal movement of the transverse frame 32, and the transverse frame 32 provides a Y-axis motion track for the vertical movement of the lifting frame 33. The movable roller conveyor line 4 at the bottom provides support for the loading and unloading of the material tray. The transverse frame 32 includes a vertically arranged transverse frame 321; a transverse motor 322 is installed on one side of the transverse frame 321 to drive the transverse frame 32 to move along the bottom frame 31; and a transverse linear rail 323 and a transverse rack 324 are installed on the transverse frame 321 to move the lifting frame 33. The lifting frame 33 moves along the transverse linear rail 323, and the gears and transverse rack 324 on the lifting frame 33 engage with each other to provide power for the up and down movement of the lifting frame 33. The lift drive system 333 on the lifting frame 33 provides power for its movement along the transverse frame 32. The fork rails 335 on the rack arms 332 provide a track and support for the movement of the forks 336. The fork cylinders 334, located at the rear end of the forks 336, power their reciprocating motion, thereby increasing the range of motion in the X-axis for loading and unloading. The forks 336 are arranged in at least two rows, with multiple groups in each row. This arrangement of multiple rows and groups of forks 336 allows for simultaneous loading and unloading of multiple trays.

[0046] After the feed cart is fixed at the unloading station, the four-layer eight-pair fork 336 removes eight trays from the cart each time and sends them out in sequence from the mobile roller conveyor line 4 to the manual unloading station or the automatic tray turning device for freeze-dried material collection. Specifically, after the feed cart is fixed, the lifting frame 33 removes eight trays of material from the cart each time, and places two trays of material per layer on the mobile roller conveyor line 4 at a time, transporting them to the manual unloading station or the automatic tray turning station. This action is repeated until the material on the feed cart is completely unloaded.

[0047] The movable roller conveyor line 4 includes a roller movable guide rail 44 provided at the lower portion; a plurality of independent roller frames 41 are vertically provided on the roller movable guide rail 44; and a roller motor 42 and a roller 43 are provided on the roller frame 41.

[0048] The mobile roller conveyor line 4 includes a roller frame 41 disposed at the bottom; multiple sets of roller motors 42 and rollers 43 are independently disposed above the roller frame 41. To facilitate the transport of the material tray by the material fork 336 without being hindered by the presence of the mobile roller conveyor line 4, the roller frame 41 is configured as a plurality of independent structures. Each roller motor 42 drives a separate roller 43 to move independently. The material fork 336 moves between the roller frames 41, placing the material tray on the roller 43, and then the roller motor 42 is activated to transport the material tray away. In addition, to avoid steric obstruction during unloading of the single-arm unloader 3, a roller moving guide rail 44 is provided to enable the roller frame 41 to move back and forth. In addition, to enable the multiple roller frames 41 to move as a whole, the lower portions of the roller frames 41 are interconnected.

[0049] The automatic turning machine 5 includes an automatic turning machine frame 51 arranged at the bottom; the automatic turning machine frame 51 is a frame structure, and curved plate chains 52 that can be driven by a turning machine drive system 53 are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the automatic turning machine frame 51; and clamping mechanisms 54 are arranged at intervals on the curved plate chains 52.

[0050] The automatic turning machine frame 51 is made of profiles, and a turning machine drive system 53 is installed on its upper part. The turning machine drive system 53 is generally set as a motor to drive the curved plate chain 52 to move. A clamping mechanism 54 is set on the curved plate chain 52 so that the tray 545 can be stably clamped thereon, and the material is dropped when the front end material tray is turned over, and the clamping mechanism 54 is automatically released from the tray 545 at the lower part, so that the tray 545 falls into the empty material tray collection belt 6.

[0051] The clamping mechanism 54 includes a connecting plate 541 connected to the chain with a bent plate 52; the inner side of the connecting plate 541 is connected to the base 542 through a clamping rod 543; a spring is installed on the clamping rod 543 between the connecting plate 541 and the base 542; a support plate 546 is provided between the connecting plates 541, and a detachable tray 545 is provided between the upper part of the support plate 546 and the base 542; a bearing 547 is installed on the connecting plate 541; a fixing plate 548 is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the automatic turning machine frame 51 at the rotation point of the chain with a bent plate 52; tray blocks 544 are provided at intervals on the chain with a bent plate 52.

[0052] The opposing clamping mechanism 54 automatically clamps and releases the tray 545 through spring compression. Specifically, the connecting plate 541 is fixed to the curved plate chain 52 and moves with it. A spring-loaded pressure rod 543 is located at the front end of the connecting plate 541, and the front end of the spring presses against the base 542. When the connecting plate 541 passes through the area of ​​the fixed plate 548, it is squeezed, and the spring on the pressure rod 543 provides forward thrust, causing the base 542 to clamp the tray 545. The tray stop 544 further secures the fixation. When leaving the area of ​​the fixed plate 548, the base 542 is released, and the tray 545 automatically falls onto the empty tray collection belt 6.

[0053] Specifically, the single-arm unloading machine 3 and the mobile roller conveyor line 4 transport the pallet 545 to the automatic turning machine 5, and the automatic turning machine 5 rotates to drive the pallet 545 to move forward. When it moves to the turning station, the clamping mechanism 54 clamps the pallet 545, and the automatic turning machine 5 will flip the pallet 545 180 degrees at the active sprocket position, and the material will be turned onto the material lifting belt 7. The pallet 545 will continue to rotate with the chain. After reaching the loose material tray position, the clamping mechanism 54 will release the pallet 545, and the pallet 545 will fall on the empty material tray collection belt 6 and send it out. The empty pallet 545 can be collected and placed manually, or it can be placed by equipment.

[0054] A spring is installed at the clamping rod 543 of the chuck mechanism 54, and a bearing 547 is installed at the connecting plate 541. A pulley is installed on the bearing 547, which slides on the inner side of the automatic turnover frame 51. At the motor, there are two fixed plates 548 on both sides of the conveyor line. In this position of the chuck mechanism 54, due to the certain thickness of the fixed plates 548, the bearing 547 is squeezed by the fixed plates 548, and the clamping rod 543 is pressed inwardly of the conveyor line, thereby clamping the tray 545. After the tray flips and leaves the fixed plates 548, the clamping rod 543 returns to its original position under the action of the spring, thereby releasing the tray 545, completing the action of clamping and releasing the tray. The released tray falls onto the empty tray collection belt 6 and is transported away.

[0055] A finishing process for a tray finishing and unloading workstation, the finishing process comprising the following steps:

[0056] The trolley moves from the freeze-drying bin to the unloading station, and is fixed by the rotating mechanism 1 on the top of the trolley and the positioning mechanism 2 at the bottom of the trolley. The roller frame 41 on the upper part of the mobile roller conveyor line 4 moves along the roller moving guide rail 44 to make way for the unloading station. The single-arm unloader 3 removes the eight trays 545 from the bottom four layers of the trolley. The material fork cylinder 334 of the single-arm unloader 3 is retracted and the tray 545 is lifted to a certain height. The mobile roller conveyor line 4 moves back to the bottom of the single-arm unloader 3, and the single-arm unloader 3 places the four layers of trays on the mobile roller conveyor line 4 in turn. On the roller conveyor line 4, the mobile roller conveyor line 4 sequentially conveys two pallets 545 on each layer to the automatic turnover machine 5 until the pallets 545 on one side of the feed cart are unloaded, the single-arm unloading machine 3 returns to the origin, the mobile roller conveyor line 4 moves out of the unloading position, and the rotating mechanism 1 on the top of the feed cart drives the feed cart to rotate 180 degrees. After the feed cart is in place, the single-arm unloading machine 3 takes out the four pallets 545 on the bottom layer of the feed cart, and after lifting them to a certain height, the mobile roller conveyor line 4 is retracted to the bottom of the single-arm unloading machine 3, and the pallets 545 are sequentially conveyed to the automatic turnover machine 5;

[0057] After the tray 545 arrives at the fixed position on the automatic turning machine 5, the tray 545 moves forward with the conveyor line. After reaching the fixed position, the clamping mechanism 54 clamps the tray 545 at the turning station and performs a 180-degree turning action. The material in the tray will be turned over to the material lifting belt 7. The tray 545 is turned over to the bottom of the automatic turning machine 5 and continues. After reaching the loose tray station, the tray 545 will fall onto the empty tray collecting belt 6. The empty tray collecting belt 6 transports the tray 545 out until the tray 545 of a material cart is unloaded and the material cart is released. At this point, a material unloading cycle ends.

[0058] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tray sorting and unloading workstation, characterized by: The workstation comprises a top rotating mechanism (1) for clamping the material cart, which is arranged at the top; a bottom positioning mechanism (2) for clamping the material cart is arranged at a corresponding position below the top rotating mechanism (1); a single-arm unloader (3) is arranged on one side of the top rotating mechanism (1) and the bottom positioning mechanism (2); a moving roller conveyor line (4) is arranged below the single-arm unloader (3); an automatic tray turning machine (5) is arranged outside the moving roller conveyor line (4); and an empty tray collecting belt (6) is arranged below the automatic tray turning machine (5). The workstation further comprises a material lifting belt (7) arranged outside the automatic tray turning machine (5); The movable roller conveyor line (4) includes a roller movable guide rail (44) provided at the bottom; a plurality of independent roller frames (41) are vertically provided on the roller movable guide rail (44); a roller motor (42) and a roller (43) are provided on the roller frame (41); The automatic turning machine (5) includes an automatic turning machine frame (51) arranged at the bottom; the automatic turning machine frame (51) is a frame structure, and a bent plate chain (52) that can be driven by a turning machine drive system (53) is arranged on both sides of the upper part of the automatic turning machine frame (51); a clamping mechanism (54) is arranged at intervals on the bent plate chain (52); The chuck mechanism (54) includes a connecting plate (541) connected to the chain with a bent plate (52); the inner side of the connecting plate (541) is connected to the base (542) via a pressure rod (543); a spring is installed on the pressure rod (543) between the connecting plate (541) and the base (542); a support plate (546) is provided between the connecting plates (541), and a detachable tray (545) is provided between the upper part of the support plate (546) and the base (542); a bearing (547) is installed on the connecting plate (541); a fixing plate (548) is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the automatic turning frame (51) at the rotation position of the chain with a bent plate (52); tray stoppers (544) are provided at intervals on the chain with a bent plate (52); When passing through the fixed plate (548) area, the connecting plate (541) is squeezed, and the spring on the pressing rod (543) provides a forward thrust, so that the base (542) clamps the tray (545), and the tray stopper (544) makes it more firmly fixed; when leaving the fixed plate (548) area, the base (542) is released, and the tray (545) automatically falls on the empty tray collection belt (6).

2. A tray sorting and unloading workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top rotating mechanism (1) of the trolley includes an I-beam (11) arranged at the bottom; a positioning cylinder (12) for positioning the trolley is arranged on the side of the I-beam (11); the top rotating mechanism (1) of the trolley also includes a top fixed plate (13) arranged at the top; a top rotating motor (14) is arranged between the I-beam (11) and the top fixed plate (13); the top rotating motor (14) is connected to a slewing support (15); and a support wheel (16) is also arranged at the bottom of the top rotating mechanism (1).

3. A tray sorting and unloading workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom positioning mechanism (2) of the material cart comprises a bottom fixing plate (21) arranged at the bottom; a lifting cylinder (22) is arranged on the upper portion of the bottom fixing plate (21); a shaft sleeve (23) is arranged on the upper portion of the lifting cylinder (22); and a fixed shaft (24) is arranged on the upper portion of the shaft sleeve (23).

4. A tray sorting and unloading workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-arm blanking machine (3) comprises a bottom frame (31) arranged at the bottom; a transverse frame (32) is vertically arranged on the upper part of the bottom frame (31); and a lifting frame (33) is arranged on the transverse frame (32).

5. A tray sorting and unloading workstation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom frame (31) includes a bottom frame (311); a bottom linear rail (312) and a bottom rack (313) are installed on the bottom frame (311) for moving the transverse frame (32); the transverse frame (32) includes a vertically arranged transverse frame (321); a transverse motor (322) is installed on one side of the transverse frame (321) for driving the transverse frame (32) to move along the bottom frame (31); a transverse linear rail (323) is installed on the transverse frame (321) for moving the lifting frame (33) and a transverse rack (324); the lifting frame (33) includes a lifting frame (331); a material rack arm (332) is provided at the front end of the lifting frame (331); the lower part of the material rack arm (332) is connected to a material fork (336) via a material fork linear rail (335); the lifting frame (33) is provided with a lifting drive system (333) for driving it to move along the transverse frame (32); the lifting frame (331) is also provided with a material fork cylinder (334) for driving the material fork (336) to reciprocate along the material fork linear rail (335).

6. The process for the tray arranging and unloading workstation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The finishing process comprises the following steps: The material cart moves from the freeze-drying bin to the unloading station, and is fixed by the top rotating mechanism (1) and the bottom positioning mechanism (2) of the material cart. The roller frame (41) on the upper part of the mobile roller conveyor line (4) moves along the roller moving guide rail (44) to make way for the unloading station. The single-arm unloading machine (3) removes the eight trays (545) on the bottom four layers of the material cart from the material cart. The material fork cylinder (334) of the single-arm unloading machine (3) retracts and lifts the trays (545) to a certain height. The mobile roller conveyor line (4) moves back to the bottom of the single-arm unloading machine (3). The single-arm unloading machine (3) places the four layers of trays on the mobile roller conveyor line (4) in turn. On the roller conveyor line (4), the mobile roller conveyor line (4) sequentially conveys two pallets (545) on each layer to the automatic turnover machine (5), until the pallets (545) on one side of the material car are unloaded, the single-arm unloading machine (3) returns to the origin, the mobile roller conveyor line (4) moves out of the unloading position, and the rotating mechanism (1) on the top of the material car drives the material car to rotate 180 degrees. After the material car is in place, the single-arm unloading machine (3) takes out the four pallets (545) on the bottom layer of the material car, and after it is lifted to a certain height, the mobile roller conveyor line (4) is retracted to the bottom of the single-arm unloading machine (3), and the pallets (545) are sequentially conveyed to the automatic turnover machine (5); After the tray (545) reaches the fixed position on the automatic turning machine (5), the tray (545) moves forward with the bent plate chain (52). After reaching the fixed position, the clamping mechanism (54) clamps the tray (545) at the turning station and performs a 180-degree turning action. The material in the tray will be turned onto the material lifting belt (7). The tray (545) is turned to the bottom of the automatic turning machine (5) and continues to move. After reaching the loose tray station, the tray (545) will fall onto the empty tray collection belt (6). The empty tray collection belt (6) transports the tray (545) out until the tray (545) of a material cart is unloaded and the material cart is released. At this point, a material unloading cycle ends.

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