Amorphous granular active carbon and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, in particular to amorphous granular activated carbon and a preparation method thereof.The activated carbon is prepared from, by mass, 60-80 parts of forestry and agricultural residues, 10-30 parts of sludge granules, 50-80 parts of carbon powder, 6-10 parts of binder and 6-10 parts of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps: material preparation and storage; accurate feeding is achieved; material mixing operation; forming operation; carbonization, activation and cooling storage are carried out. According to the method, corresponding waste materials can be effectively adopted, so that the source of the raw materials for preparing the activated carbon is effectively expanded, high-quality preparation of the activated carbon can be fully realized, the quality of the activated carbon is ensured, the method has important significance on environmental protection and resource recycling, and how to use the raw materials for preparing the activated carbon is detailedly described; and workers in the field can conveniently know the preparation scheme, automatic equipment is adopted for operation, the preparation efficiency can be fully improved, and the preparation quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, and in particular to an amorphous granular activated carbon and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon is a very small carbon particle with a large surface area, and there are even smaller holes in the carbon particles - capillaries. This capillary has a strong adsorption capacity. Due to the large surface area of ​​the carbon particles, it can fully contact with the gas (impurities). When these gases (impurities) hit the capillaries, they are adsorbed and play a purification role.

[0003] At present, activated carbon is basically made of semi-finished products of wood, coal or petroleum, which has high cost consumption and complicated preparation process, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the environment. With the increasing consumption of activated carbon, more and more waste activated carbon is produced. It is very necessary to recycle a large amount of waste coal activated carbon by regenerating and restoring the adsorption capacity of coal-based activated carbon. However, in addition to their own drawbacks, traditional activated carbon regeneration methods also have some common defects, such as large loss of activated carbon during the regeneration process, and a significant decrease in the adsorption capacity of activated carbon after regeneration, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the traditional regeneration technology to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources.

[0004] The disclosure discloses an environmentally friendly regenerated activated carbon production process with the publication number CN112456491B, which comprises the following steps: grinding after micro-oxidation on the surface of hot air, vacuum extraction, and then washing with acid and alkali solution in sequence to obtain a recycled material, heating the recycled material and quickly immersing it in low-temperature liquid nitrogen, then loading potassium ferrate and performing high-temperature activation, and then mixing with weakly sticky coal powder and pressing into a mold, and obtaining the activated carbon after secondary activation; the invention realizes the reuse of waste activated carbon by grinding and refining, vacuum extraction to separate and desorb the adsorbent on the activated carbon, and decomposing and restoring the pore structure of the activated carbon by low-temperature liquid nitrogen and pore-loaded potassium ferrate, which is of great significance to the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources.

[0005] The above technical solution still uses discarded activated carbon for reprocessing, and the raw materials for activated carbon production cannot be effectively expanded, which is not conducive to better utilization of other corresponding wastes. At the same time, how to produce efficiently is also a technical problem in this field, so improvement is needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an amorphous granular activated carbon and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An amorphous granular activated carbon is composed of the following materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of agricultural and forestry waste, 10-30 parts of sludge particles, 50-80 parts of carbon powder, 6-10 parts of a binder and 6-10 parts of water.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present application can effectively utilize corresponding waste materials to effectively expand the source of raw materials for the preparation of activated carbon, and can fully realize the high-quality preparation of activated carbon and ensure the quality of activated carbon, which is of great significance to environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0010] Preferably, the agricultural and forestry wastes include straw, rice husks, edible fungus substrates, firewood scraps, bark, peanut shells, twigs, curled bark, wood shavings and bamboo and wood waste.

[0011] Furthermore, it can effectively expand the source of materials required for the preparation of activated carbon, and can effectively realize the recycling of resources in order to create new value. At the same time, in actual production and preparation, agricultural and forestry wastes need to be processed. For example, during preparation, agricultural and forestry wastes need to be crushed and screened to effectively ensure uniform mixing with other materials.

[0012] Preferably, the sludge particles include sedimentation sludge in wastewater treatment and sludge in river dredging.

[0013] Furthermore, the source of materials required for production can be better expanded, and when reused, the sludge particles need to be dried, crushed and screened to ensure that the screened particles and agricultural waste particles are uniform, which is convenient for subsequent mixing.

[0014] Preferably, the carbon powder comprises coal powder or coconut shell carbon powder.

[0015] Further, the effect of carbon powder preparation is ensured.

[0016] Preferably, the binder includes any one of starch and cellulose.

[0017] Furthermore, it is convenient to make the particles uniformly form amorphous activated carbon particles.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing amorphous granular activated carbon, which is applicable to the above-mentioned amorphous granular activated carbon, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Material preparation and storage: The staff prepares the corresponding agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles, carbon powder, binder and water according to the needs, and crushes and screens the agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder, especially the sand and gravel particles carried by the agricultural and forestry waste and sludge particles, to ensure the quality of the raw materials, and classifies and stores the raw materials;

[0020] S2. Accurate feeding: The raw materials are classified and stored through storage equipment, and agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder are transported in a directional manner through auger conveying equipment. The corresponding flow detection equipment is installed according to the properties of the raw materials to achieve the purpose of accurate feeding;

[0021] S3, Mixing operation: agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder will be transported to the mixing equipment through the auger conveying equipment, and the addition speed of each raw material will be accurately controlled to achieve uniform mixing;

[0022] S4, molding operation: conveying the raw materials after stirring and mixing to the granulation equipment, and evenly spraying the binder and water to realize the granulation operation;

[0023] S5, carbonization and activation operation: the granulated particles are transported to the carbonization equipment for carbonization operation, and after carbonization, they are activated by high-temperature steam equipment, and then transported to the pickling equipment and water washing equipment for treatment; and the particles treated to neutrality are dried by drying equipment;

[0024] S6, cooling and storage operation: the dried particles are naturally cooled and then filled, sealed and stored.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, this application describes in detail how to use the above-mentioned raw materials to prepare activated carbon, which is convenient for those skilled in the art to understand its preparation scheme. The use of automated equipment for operation can fully improve the efficiency of preparation and ensure the quality of preparation.

[0026] Preferably, the activation operation is performed by adjusting the temperature in the high-temperature steam equipment to 900-950° C. and activating the particles with high-temperature steam.

[0027] Furthermore, the activity of activated carbon is effectively improved to better perform adsorption operations.

[0028] Preferably, the temperature during the carbonization operation is 600-700° C., and the duration of the carbonization operation is 3-5 hours.

[0029] Furthermore, the quality of carbonization is ensured.

[0030] Preferably, the pickling equipment can perform acid boiling on the particles; and the water washing equipment can treat the particles to be neutral.

[0031] Furthermore, the quality of processing is effectively guaranteed.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Use corresponding waste materials to effectively expand the source of raw materials for activated carbon preparation, and fully realize the high-quality preparation of activated carbon, ensure the quality of activated carbon, and describe in detail how to use the above raw materials to prepare activated carbon, so that the staff in this field can understand its preparation scheme, use automated equipment for operation, fully improve the efficiency of preparation, and ensure the quality of preparation;

[0034] 2. By using agricultural and forestry wastes and sludge particles, the source of materials required for the preparation of activated carbon can be effectively expanded, and resources can be effectively reused to create new value. At the same time, in actual production and preparation, agricultural and forestry wastes need to be processed. For example, during preparation, agricultural and forestry wastes need to be crushed and screened to effectively ensure uniform mixing with other materials;

[0035] 3. Expand the source of materials needed for production, and when reused, the sludge particles need to be dried, crushed and screened to ensure that the screened particles and agricultural waste particles are uniform, which is convenient for subsequent mixing;

[0036] 4. Through corresponding activation, carbonization and other steps, the activity of the final activated carbon can be effectively improved, and the treatment effect and quality can be fully improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a step diagram of a method for preparing amorphous granular activated carbon proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] An amorphous granular activated carbon is composed of the following materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of agricultural and forestry waste; agricultural and forestry waste includes straw, rice husk, edible fungus matrix, scraps, firewood, bark, peanut shell, twig firewood, peel, shavings and bamboo waste; 10-30 parts of sludge particles; sludge particles include sedimentation sludge in wastewater treatment and sludge in river dredging; 50-80 parts of carbon powder; carbon powder includes coal powder and coconut shell carbon powder; 6-10 parts of binder; the binder includes any one of starch and cellulose; 6-10 parts of water. In actual production and preparation, the source of raw materials for activated carbon production can be effectively expanded, the corresponding waste materials can be better used for production and preparation, the waste can be effectively treated, the corresponding resources can be fully utilized, and the environment can be better protected.

[0040] Reference Figure 1The present invention also proposes a method for preparing amorphous granular activated carbon, which is applicable to the above-mentioned amorphous granular activated carbon and is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Material preparation and storage: The staff prepares the corresponding agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles, carbon powder, binder and water according to the needs, and crushes and screens the agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder, especially the sand and gravel particles carried by the agricultural and forestry waste and sludge particles, to ensure the quality of the raw materials, and classifies and stores the raw materials. In the actual production and preparation, the corresponding materials are processed to be crushed, and the raw material particles are selected by the cooperation of the vibrating screening equipment and the wind selection equipment, so that the raw material particles are roughly uniform. The waste materials after the later screening can be processed according to their actual conditions, such as sand and gravel particles, etc., and soil can be returned to the backfill;

[0042] S2. Precise feeding: raw materials are classified and stored through storage equipment, and agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder are directionally transported through auger conveying equipment, and corresponding flow detection equipment is installed according to the properties of the raw materials to achieve the purpose of precise feeding; in actual production and preparation, feeding and flow detection can be carried out through corresponding conveying equipment and metering equipment. Through flow detection, the supply speed can be understood, which is convenient for better and more accurate addition. For example, in actual preparation, the addition time can be controlled, and the required materials can be added in the same time, so as to better achieve uniform mixing between materials;

[0043] S3, Mixing operation: agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder will be transported to the mixing equipment through the auger conveying equipment, and the addition speed of each raw material will be accurately controlled to achieve uniform mixing; select the corresponding mixing equipment to improve the mixing effect;

[0044] S4, molding operation: the raw materials after stirring and mixing are transported to the granulation equipment, and the binder and water are evenly sprayed to realize the granulation operation; during the preparation, the granulation equipment can be selected, the mixed materials are added into the granulation equipment, and the binder and water are evenly sprayed to realize the mutual bonding between the materials to form particles, and the particle specifications are not limited;

[0045] S5, carbonization and activation operation: the granulated particles are transported to the carbonization equipment for carbonization operation, the temperature during the carbonization operation is 600-700℃, and the carbonization operation time is 3-5 hours; and after the carbonization is completed, the high-temperature steam equipment is used for activation operation, and the activation operation is to adjust the temperature in the high-temperature steam equipment to 900-950℃ and activate the particles by high-temperature steam; then the particles are transported to the pickling equipment and the water washing equipment for treatment; the pickling equipment can perform acid boiling operation on the particles; the water washing equipment can treat the particles to be neutral; and the particles treated to be neutral are dried by the drying equipment. The above preparation scheme is the same as the existing preparation scheme, which can be convenient for the staff in this field to handle, so as to effectively improve the quality of activated carbon;

[0046] S6. Cooling and storage operation: The dried particles are naturally cooled and then filled, sealed and stored. During actual packaging, grading equipment can be used to grade the activated carbon particles so that they can be packaged in different specifications to facilitate application in different usage environments.

[0047] In the present invention, the staff prepares the corresponding agricultural and forestry wastes, sludge particles, carbon powder, binder and water according to the needs, and crushes and screens the agricultural and forestry wastes, sludge particles and carbon powder, especially screens the sand and gravel particles carried by the agricultural and forestry wastes and sludge particles, so as to ensure the quality of the raw materials, and classifies and stores the raw materials;

[0048] The raw materials are classified and stored through storage equipment, and agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder are directionally transported through auger conveying equipment, and corresponding flow detection equipment is installed according to the properties of the raw materials to achieve the purpose of accurate feeding; agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder through auger conveying equipment will be transported to the mixing equipment, and the addition speed of each raw material will be accurately controlled to achieve uniform mixing;

[0049] The raw materials after stirring and mixing are transported to the granulation equipment, and the binder and water are evenly sprayed to realize the granulation operation; the granulated particles are transported to the carbonization equipment for carbonization operation, and after the carbonization is completed, they are activated by high-temperature steam equipment, and then transported to the pickling equipment and water washing equipment for processing; and the particles treated to neutrality are dried by the drying equipment;

[0050] The dried particles are then naturally cooled and then filled, sealed and stored.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amorphous granular activated carbon, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of agricultural and forestry waste, 10-30 parts of sludge particles, 50-80 parts of carbon powder, 6-10 parts of binder and 6-10 parts of water.

2. The amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural and forestry wastes include straw, rice husks, edible fungus substrates, scraps, firewood, bark, peanut shells, twigs, curled bark, wood shavings and bamboo and wood waste.

3. The amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge particles include sedimentation sludge in wastewater treatment and sludge in river dredging.

4. The amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon powder includes coal powder and coconut shell carbon powder.

5. The amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder includes any one of starch and cellulose.

6. A method for preparing amorphous granular activated carbon, applicable to the amorphous granular activated carbon of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material preparation and storage: The staff prepares the corresponding agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles, carbon powder, binder and water according to the needs, and crushes and screens the agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder, especially the sand and gravel particles carried by the agricultural and forestry waste and sludge particles, to ensure the quality of the raw materials, and classifies and stores the raw materials; S2. Accurate feeding: The raw materials are classified and stored through storage equipment, and agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder are transported in a directional manner through auger conveying equipment. The corresponding flow detection equipment is installed according to the properties of the raw materials to achieve the purpose of accurate feeding; S3, Mixing operation: agricultural and forestry waste, sludge particles and carbon powder will be transported to the mixing equipment through the auger conveying equipment, and the addition speed of each raw material will be accurately controlled to achieve uniform mixing; S4, molding operation: conveying the raw materials after stirring and mixing to the granulation equipment, and evenly spraying the binder and water to realize the granulation operation; S5, carbonization and activation operation: the granulated particles are transported to the carbonization equipment for carbonization operation, and after carbonization, they are activated by high-temperature steam equipment, and then transported to the pickling equipment and water washing equipment for treatment; and the particles treated to neutrality are dried by drying equipment; S6, cooling and storage operation: the dried particles are naturally cooled and then filled, sealed and stored.

7. The method for preparing the amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 6, characterized in that: The activation operation is to adjust the temperature in the high-temperature steam equipment to 900-950° C. and activate the particles with high-temperature steam.

8. The method for preparing the amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature during the carbonization operation is 600-700° C., and the duration of the carbonization operation is 3-5 hours.

9. The method for preparing the amorphous granular activated carbon according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acid washing equipment can perform acid boiling on the particles; and the water washing equipment can treat the particles to be neutral.

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