Electrochemical reaction device

Abstract

This invention relates to an electrochemical reaction device, comprising at least one housing, within which at least one set of electrode modules is disposed; the housing has a mounting groove for mounting the electrode modules, a fluid inlet at the bottom of the housing for introducing fluid into the housing, and a fluid outlet at the top of the housing; the electrode module includes a lower fixed plate, an upper fixed plate, and at least two electrode arrays disposed between the lower and upper fixed plates, forming multiple reaction channels between the electrode arrays, the lower fixed plate, and the upper fixed plate, one end of each reaction channel communicating with the fluid inlet and the other end communicating with the fluid outlet, and the multiple reaction channels being arranged in a straight line; the housing also includes a cover plate assembly for sealing the opening of the mounting groove. By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction channels are optimized, and the efficiency of wastewater electrolysis is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemistry, and more specifically to an electrochemical reaction apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing environmental awareness, electrochemical wastewater treatment technology has attracted much attention due to its unique oxidation-reduction mechanism. Based on the principle of electrolysis, this technology generates strong oxidizing substances such as hydroxyl radicals (OH·), ozone (O3), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the electrode surface under low-voltage electrical action. These substances can gradually oxidize and decompose organic pollutants into harmless carbon dioxide (CO2) and water molecules (H2O) through a "cold combustion" mechanism, while simultaneously converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen gas, thereby purifying wastewater.

[0003] However, the internal electrode and wiring structures of existing electrolysis reactors are quite complex. The protruding structures designed to meet basic functional requirements not only disrupt the integrity of the reaction channel and cause turbulent flow, making it difficult for organic wastewater to participate in the electrochemical reaction efficiently, thus reducing electrolysis efficiency and effectiveness; at the same time, the aforementioned structural features result in many structural dead zones inside the reactor, increasing fluid resistance and reaction dead zones, which is not conducive to the full reaction of the electrochemical reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this application is to provide an electrochemical reaction device that optimizes the reaction flow channel and improves the efficiency of wastewater electrolysis.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An electrochemical reaction apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0007] At least one set of housings, and at least one set of electrode modules is disposed within any of the housings;

[0008] The housing is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the electrode module. The outer side of the electrode module fits against the inner side of the mounting groove. A fluid inlet is provided at the bottom of the housing, through which fluid can be introduced into the housing. A fluid outlet is provided at the top of the housing, through which the fluid flowing through the electrode module leaves the housing.

[0009] The electrode module includes a lower fixed plate, an upper fixed plate, and at least two electrode arrays. The electrode arrays are disposed between the lower fixed plate and the upper fixed plate. Multiple reaction channels are formed between the electrode arrays, the lower fixed plate, and the upper fixed plate. One end of each reaction channel is connected to the fluid inlet, and the other end of each reaction channel is connected to the fluid outlet. The multiple reaction channels are arranged in a straight line.

[0010] The housing also includes a cover plate assembly for sealing the opening of the mounting slot, the cover plate assembly being fitted to the end of the electrode module, and the terminals of the electrode module passing through the cover plate assembly and connected via a busbar.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: any of the electrode arrays includes a cathode plate and an anode plate, the top two ends of the cathode plate are provided with cathode conductive ears, the two sides of the end of the anode plate are respectively attached with anode conductive sheets, and the cathode conductive ears and the anode conductive sheets extend from the upper fixing plate respectively;

[0012] It also includes a cathode conductive post, an anode conductive post, a cathode terminal post, and an anode terminal post. The cathode terminal post is connected to a plurality of cathode conductive lugs through the cathode conductive post, and the anode terminal post is connected to a plurality of anode conductive plates through the anode conductive post.

[0013] The lower fixing plate is provided with a plurality of longitudinally distributed cathode grooves and anode grooves, the cathode grooves and anode grooves being spaced apart. The upper fixing plate is provided with conductive holes at both ends for the cathode conductive lugs to pass through, and the upper fixing plate is provided with anode holes that are arranged opposite to the anode grooves.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: water-blocking plates are respectively provided around the lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate, the outer side of the water-blocking plate is aligned with the side of the lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate, the outer side of the water-blocking plate is in contact with the inner sidewall of the shell, the lower fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are rectangular in shape, and the lower fixing plate, the upper fixing plate and the water-blocking plate form a cage-like frame structure, the shape of the cage-like frame structure is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that each of the anode conductive sheets is provided with at least two anode conductive ears, and the anode conductive ears corresponding to adjacent anode conductive sheets are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: the cathode plate is made of industrial pure titanium (TA), and the anode plate is made of boron-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD).

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the cathode terminal is fixed to the cover plate assembly by a first fixing nut, and a first spring washer, a first stainless steel retaining ring, a first fluororubber O-ring, a first waterproof pressure ring, and a second fluororubber O-ring are sequentially abutted between the first fixing nut and the cover plate assembly; the anode terminal is fixed to the cover plate assembly by a second fixing nut, and a second spring washer, a second stainless steel retaining ring, a third fluororubber O-ring, a second waterproof pressure ring, and a fourth fluororubber O-ring are sequentially abutted between the second fixing nut and the cover plate assembly.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the multiple electrode modules located within the same housing are connected in series; while the electrode modules corresponding to different housings are connected in parallel.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that: the fluid inlet is provided with a tangential flow guide with a polyhedral structure, and each facet of the tangential flow guide has a bend extending out to serve as a flow guide.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: one end of the cover plate assembly has a cooling inlet, and the other end of the cover plate assembly has a cooling outlet; the cover plate assembly has cooling channels in the shape of a three-dimensional flow channel network, the cooling channels include a main flow channel and secondary flow channels, the main flow channel has a variable cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main flow channel is continuously decreasing from the inlet section to the outlet section; the secondary flow channels are arranged in a tree-like distribution, and the secondary flow channels and the main flow channel are mutually circulated; the two ends of the cooling channels are respectively connected to the cooling inlet and the cooling outlet.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that the inner wall of the housing and the cover plate assembly are both coated with an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer material that provides corrosion resistance.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The electrochemical reaction device comprises at least one set of housings, each housing containing at least one set of electrode modules. Each housing has a mounting groove for mounting the electrode modules, with the outer surface of the electrode modules fitting flush against the inner surface of the mounting groove. A fluid inlet is located at the bottom of the housing to introduce fluid, and a fluid outlet is located at the top to allow fluid to flow out. Each electrode module consists of a lower fixed plate, an upper fixed plate, and at least two electrode arrays. The electrode arrays are positioned between the two fixed plates, forming multiple straight reaction channels. These reaction channels connect the fluid inlet and outlet. The housing also includes a cover plate assembly for sealing the opening of the mounting groove. The electrode module terminals pass through the cover plate assembly and are connected via a busbar. This structural design constructs a complete framework for the electrochemical reaction device, allowing fluid to enter and exit the space containing the electrode modules in an orderly manner, ensuring the fluid environment required for the electrochemical reaction. Furthermore, the close cooperation of all components reduces protruding structures inside the housing, ensuring the overall stability and integrity of the device and contributing to the stability of the electrochemical reaction.

[0024] 2. Multiple reaction channels are formed between the electrode array, the lower fixed plate, and the upper fixed plate. One end of each reaction channel has a fluid inlet, and the other end has a fluid outlet. The multiple reaction channels are arranged in a straight line, meaning the electrode array itself acts as a guide, eliminating the need for additional guide components. This ensures the integrity of the channels, avoids turbulent flow, and facilitates the efficient participation of organic wastewater in the electrochemical reaction, improving electrolysis efficiency and effectiveness. Simultaneously, cathode conductive ears are located at both ends of the top of the cathode plate, and anode conductive sheets are attached to both sides of the ends of the anode plate. The cathode conductive ears and anode conductive sheets extend from the upper fixed plate, placing the connection structure outside the reaction channels. This ensures the integrity of the channels, avoids turbulent flow, and reduces dead zones in the electrode module's reaction.

[0025] 3. By setting both the lower and upper fixing plates in rectangular shape, the lower fixing plate, the upper fixing plate, and the water-blocking plate form a cage-like frame structure. The shape of the cage-like frame structure is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove, so that the electrode module as a whole presents a square structure, which is conducive to fitting the shell of the electrochemical reaction device, avoiding interference structures in the electrochemical reaction device. Moreover, this structure not only plays an internal support role, but also protects the electrode array made of brittle materials.

[0026] 4. By connecting multiple electrode modules located within the same housing in series, while electrode modules corresponding to different housings are connected in parallel, this connection mode can optimize the current and voltage distribution. The series connection increases the voltage difference between electrode modules within the same housing, enhances the electric field strength, and facilitates the efficient migration and reaction of charged particles in wastewater. At the same time, it improves system stability, provides continuous and efficient energy for wastewater electrolysis, and significantly improves electrolysis efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the electrochemical reaction device in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode module structure in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode conductive column and the anode conductive column in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode array structure in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the terminal block and the cover plate assembly in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tangential flow guide in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the electrochemical reaction devices in this embodiment.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1. Lower fixing plate; 11. Cathode groove; 12. Anode groove; 21. Cathode plate; 211. Cathode conductive lug; 22. Anode plate; 3. Upper fixing plate; 31. Anode hole; 32. Conductive hole; 41. Anode conductive plate; 411. Anode conductive lug; 42. Anode conductive post; 43. Anode terminal; 51. Cathode conductive post; 52. Cathode terminal; 6. Water blocking plate; 7. Manifold; 8. Housing; 81. Fluid inlet; 811. Tangential guide; 812. Angle bend; 82. Fluid outlet. ; 83. Mounting slot; 84. Cover plate assembly; 841. Isolation cover; 842. Isolation collar; 843. Upper cover plate; 911. First fixing nut; 912. First spring washer; 913. First stainless steel retaining ring; 914. First fluororubber O-ring; 915. First waterproof pressure ring; 916. Second fluororubber O-ring; 921. Second fixing nut; 922. Second spring washer; 923. Second stainless steel retaining ring; 924. Third fluororubber O-ring; 925. Second waterproof pressure ring; 926. Fourth fluororubber O-ring. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments, wherein all like reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same parts. Furthermore, detailed descriptions of known technologies that are unnecessary to illustrate the features of the present invention are omitted.

[0037] The description of the embodiments should be detailed enough to enable those skilled in the art to implement the technical solution without creative effort. There may be one or more embodiments, depending on the specific circumstances, to support the scope of protection sought.

[0038] For inventions involving products, the detailed description of the embodiments should be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describing the mechanical structure of the product and the interrelationships between the components, such as their connections and fits. If necessary, the operational process or steps should also be described. When a method invention is involved, in addition to describing the steps, the process conditions should also be outlined.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an electrochemical reaction device, comprising:

[0040] At least one set of housings 8, and at least one set of electrode modules is disposed within any housing 8. Each housing 8 has a mounting groove 83 for mounting the electrode modules, with the outer surface of the electrode modules fitting against the inner surface of the mounting groove 83. A fluid inlet 81 is provided at the bottom of the housing 8, through which fluid can be introduced into the housing 8. A fluid outlet 82 is provided at the top of the housing 8, through which the fluid flowing through the electrode modules exits the housing 8. The tight fit between the electrode modules and the mounting groove 83 ensures their stability within the housing 8, reduces protruding structures inside the device, and ensures stable and efficient electrochemical reactions. The design of the fluid inlet 81 and outlet position ensures that bubbles generated during electrolysis will rise under the buoyancy of the fluid and be carried out of the device by the fluid flow, preventing bubbles from adhering to the electrodes.

[0041] The electrode module includes a lower fixed plate 1, an upper fixed plate 3, and at least two electrode arrays. The electrode arrays are disposed between the lower fixed plate 1 and the upper fixed plate 3. Multiple reaction channels are formed between the electrode arrays, the lower fixed plate 1, and the upper fixed plate 3. One end of the reaction channel is connected to the fluid inlet 81, and the other end of the reaction channel is connected to the fluid outlet 82. The multiple reaction channels are arranged in a straight line. That is, the electrode array itself plays a guiding role, and there is no need to set up additional guiding components, which ensures the integrity of the flow channel, avoids flow field turbulence, and facilitates the efficient participation of organic wastewater in electrochemical reactions, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency and effect.

[0042] The housing 8 also includes a cover plate assembly 84 for sealing the opening of the mounting groove 83. The cover plate assembly 84 fits against the end of the electrode module, reducing the protruding structure of the device and avoiding flow field disturbance. The terminals of the electrode module pass through the cover plate assembly 84 and are connected through the busbar 7. The busbar 7 can reduce the connection points of the electrode module, reduce the number of times the electrode module is connected to the power supply, and improve the power connection efficiency of the module.

[0043] Specifically, multiple reaction channels are parallel to each other and evenly distributed within the space formed by the electrode array, the lower fixed plate 1, and the upper fixed plate 3. One end of each reaction channel is connected to the fluid inlet 81 at the bottom of the shell 8, and the other end corresponds to the fluid outlet 82 at the top of the shell 8, allowing the fluid to smoothly enter from the fluid inlet 81, flow through all the reaction channels, and exit from the fluid outlet 82. Optionally, the spacing between adjacent reaction channels is maintained at 1-3 mm. This spacing design helps reduce electrolysis energy consumption. For example, in specific electrochemical treatment experiments, when the reaction channel spacing is set to 1-3 mm, compared to a larger spacing, under the same processing volume and processing effect requirements, the energy consumption during electrolysis can be reduced to a certain extent. This is mainly because the reasonable spacing makes the flow velocity distribution of the fluid in the reaction channel more uniform, reducing the additional energy loss caused by local turbulence or excessive flow velocity differences in the channel, thereby effectively improving the energy utilization efficiency and promoting the optimization of the energy consumption control of the entire electrochemical reaction system.

[0044] Specifically, both the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE is renowned for its excellent chemical stability, maintaining high stability in various acidic and alkaline environments involved in electrochemical wastewater treatment, and is virtually unaffected by chemical corrosion. Simultaneously, it possesses excellent self-lubricating properties, which help reduce frictional resistance during fluid flow within the reaction channel, further ensuring the stability of the flow field. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of PTFE material meet the structural support requirements of the electrode module during normal operation, effectively preventing deformation caused by external forces or internal pressure changes, thereby firmly maintaining the structural integrity of the reaction channel. In addition, the dimensions of the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3 are precisely designed based on the actual wastewater treatment scale, the number and size of the electrode array, and the expected hydrodynamic parameters.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, any electrode array includes a cathode plate 21 and an anode plate 22. Cathode conductive ears 211 are provided at both ends of the top of the cathode plate 21, and anode conductive sheets 41 are attached to both sides of the end of the anode plate 22. The cathode conductive ears 211 and the anode conductive sheets 41 extend from the upper fixing plate 3 respectively.

[0046] It also includes a cathode conductive post 51, an anode conductive post 42, a cathode terminal 52, and an anode terminal 43. The cathode terminal 52 is connected to a number of cathode conductive ears 211 through the cathode conductive post 51, and the anode terminal 43 is connected to a number of anode conductive plates 41 through the anode conductive post 42.

[0047] The lower fixing plate 1 is provided with a number of longitudinally distributed cathode grooves 11 and anode grooves 12, with the cathode grooves 11 and anode grooves 12 spaced apart. The upper fixing plate 3 is provided with conductive holes 32 at both ends for the cathode conductive ears 211 to pass through, and the upper fixing plate 3 is provided with anode holes 31 that are opposite to the anode grooves 12.

[0048] Specifically, in any electrode array layout, the cathode plate 21 and anode plate 22 are parallel to each other and spaced a certain distance apart between the lower fixed plate 1 and the upper fixed plate 3. Cathode conductive ears 211 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the cathode plate 21. The cathode conductive ears 211 extend upwards perpendicular to the plane of the cathode plate 21, lying on the same plane as the cathode plate 21. Their length ensures they can pass through the pre-drilled conductive holes 32 in the upper fixed plate 3 and protrude a certain height from the surface of the upper fixed plate 3 to connect with the cathode conductive posts 51. Anode conductive sheets 41 are tightly attached to both sides of the ends of the anode plate 22. The anode conductive sheets 41 extend along the edge of the anode plate 22 and maintain a good fit with the plane of the anode plate 22, with contact resistance controlled to a very low range to ensure efficient current conduction. The anode conductive sheets 41 also extend upwards towards the upper fixed plate 3 and pass through the upper fixed plate 3, distributed above the upper fixed plate 3 along with the cathode conductive ears 211.

[0049] One end of the cathode conductive post 51 is connected to multiple cathode conductive lugs 211 via a threaded connection. The connection point undergoes special anti-oxidation treatment, such as coating with anti-oxidation conductive paste, to reduce contact resistance and prevent conductivity degradation caused by oxidation. The top center of the cathode conductive post 51 is connected to the cathode terminal 52. The connection method between the anode conductive post 42, the anode conductive sheet 41, and the anode terminal 43 is similar.

[0050] Cathode terminal 52 and anode terminal 43 pass vertically through corresponding mounting holes on cover assembly 84. Rubber sealing rings are used to seal the mounting holes and terminals to prevent sewage or moisture from entering the cover assembly and affecting the circuit connection. After passing through cover assembly 84, cathode terminal 52 and anode terminal 43 are connected via busbar 7. Busbar 7 is made of copper with a tin-plated surface, which improves conductivity and enhances oxidation resistance. The connection between busbar 7 and the terminals is made of stainless steel, using copper washers and nuts to ensure a tight connection and good conductivity.

[0051] Specifically, both the cathode groove 11 and the anode groove 12 on the lower fixing plate 1 are longitudinally elongated structures. The width of the cathode groove 11 is determined by the thickness of the cathode plate 21, typically 3-5 mm wider than the thickness of the cathode plate 21. For example, if the thickness of the cathode plate 21 is 5 mm, the width of the cathode groove 11 is 8-10 mm, to facilitate the smooth insertion of the cathode plate 21 and maintain a certain clearance within the groove, preventing deformation and damage due to thermal expansion and contraction. The width of the anode groove 12 is designed similarly, with a spacing of 15-25 mm between it and the cathode groove 11. The cathode groove 11 and the anode groove 12 are alternately arranged, ensuring an orderly arrangement of the cathode plate 21 and the anode plate 22. Furthermore, the diameter of the conductive holes 32 at both ends of the upper fixing plate 3 is 1-3 mm larger than the diameter of the cathode conductive ears 211, ensuring smooth passage of the cathode conductive ears 211. The anode holes 31 of the upper fixing plate 3 correspond one-to-one with the anode grooves 12 of the lower fixing plate 1.

[0052] Once the anode plate 22 is inserted from the anode hole 31 into the anode groove 12 of the lower fixed plate 1 until it reaches the predetermined position, a professional potting process is then used to seal the conductive hole 32 and the anode hole 31 of the upper fixed plate 3. The potting compound used must possess properties such as high water resistance, excellent insulation, and outstanding chemical stability, such as high-quality epoxy resin potting compound. During the potting process, the amount of potting compound is precisely controlled, and the potting speed is accurately managed to ensure that the compound is evenly and densely filled into the tiny gaps between the conductive hole 32 and the anode hole 31, preventing air bubbles and ultimately forming a smooth and regular adhesive surface.

[0053] In some embodiments, each anode conductive sheet 41 is provided with at least two anode conductive ears 411, and the anode conductive ears 411 of adjacent anode conductive sheets 41 are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0054] Specifically, in the design of the anode conductive sheet 41, each anode conductive sheet 41 is provided with at least two anode conductive ears 411, and their positions are distributed according to a specific pattern. For example, when two anode conductive ears 411 are provided, they are located at the two ends of the middle part of the anode conductive sheet 41 along its length, and are connected to the anode conductive sheet 41 by integral connection or welding to ensure a smooth and flat surface, thereby reducing local resistance changes during current conduction. The anode conductive ears 411 corresponding to adjacent anode conductive sheets 41 are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, there is a certain deviation in the length direction. The aforementioned staggered arrangement makes the current path drawn from each anode conductive sheet 41 more spatially dispersed, avoiding the situation where the current is concentrated in a certain area, resulting in local overheating or uneven electric field distribution.

[0055] In some embodiments, water-blocking plates 6 are respectively provided around the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3. The outer side of the water-blocking plate 6 is aligned with the side of the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3. The outer side of the water-blocking plate 6 is in contact with the inner sidewall of the housing 8. The lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3 are rectangular in shape. The lower fixing plate 1, the upper fixing plate 3 and the water-blocking plate 6 form a cage-like frame structure. The shape of the cage-like frame structure is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove 83.

[0056] Specifically, the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3 are rectangular flat plates, and their material can be corrosion-resistant engineering plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The water-blocking plate 6 is made of PP (polypropylene), which has good chemical stability and corrosion resistance. The shape of the water-blocking plate 6 is elongated and adapted to the shape of the upper and lower fixing plates 1. The water-blocking plate 6 is set along the four edges between the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3. In addition, the outer side of the water-blocking plate 6 is aligned with the sides of the lower fixing plate 1 and the upper fixing plate 3, reducing the protruding structure generated by the electrode module design, avoiding flow field turbulence, and reducing the reaction dead zone of the electrode module. At the same time, the water-blocking plate 6 effectively blocks water, preventing fluid from entering the electrochemical reaction device and flowing without passing through the electrode module. Furthermore, the lower fixing plate 1, the upper fixing plate 3, and the water-blocking plate 6 form a cage-like frame structure. The shape of the cage-like frame structure is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove 83, which can protect the electrode array. At the same time, the frame design can better fit the inner wall of the shell 8 of the electrochemical reaction device, reduce the protruding structure of the electrode module, and avoid turbulence in the reaction channel.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cathode plate 21 is made of industrial pure titanium (TA), and the anode plate 22 is made of boron-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD).

[0058] Specifically, the cathode plate 21 is made of industrial pure titanium (TA), with TA2 being a suitable grade, primarily due to its excellent chemical stability and good electrical conductivity. In the complex environment of electrochemical wastewater treatment, wastewater often contains various acids, alkalis, salts, and various organic and inorganic pollutants. Industrial pure titanium can withstand the corrosion of these substances, maintaining its physical and chemical stability over a long period and is not easily corroded or consumed by chemical reactions. For example, when treating industrial wastewater containing high concentrations of chloride ions, a cathode plate 21 made of ordinary metal may suffer severe corrosion, while a TA2 cathode plate 21 can effectively resist chloride ion attacks, maintain the normal operating state of the electrode, and ensure stable and smooth current transmission between the electrode and the electrolyte, thereby ensuring the continuous and effective electrochemical reaction. The anode plate 22 is made of boron-doped diamond thin-film electrode (BDD) material, which has characteristics such as a wide electrochemical potential window, high oxygen evolution potential, low background current, and good chemical stability and anti-fouling ability. During the electrochemical reaction process, it can effectively promote the mineralization and decomposition of organic matter. By generating active species such as highly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals, it can deeply oxidize complex organic pollutants in wastewater into harmless small molecules such as carbon dioxide and water, which greatly improves the effect and efficiency of wastewater treatment. In the long-term operation, it can maintain stable electrolytic performance and reduce performance degradation caused by electrode passivation or contamination.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cathode terminal 52 is fixed to the cover plate assembly 84 by a first fixing nut 911. The first fixing nut 911 and the cover plate assembly 84 are sequentially abutted by a first spring washer 912, a first stainless steel retaining ring 913, a first fluororubber O-ring 914, a first waterproof pressure ring 915, and a second fluororubber O-ring 916. The anode terminal 43 is fixed to the cover plate assembly 84 by a second fixing nut 921. The second fixing nut 921 and the cover plate assembly 84 are sequentially abutted by a second spring washer 922, a second stainless steel retaining ring 923, a third fluororubber O-ring 924, a second waterproof pressure ring 925, and a fourth fluororubber O-ring 926.

[0060] Specifically, the cathode terminal 52 is made of industrial pure titanium (TA2) and passes through a pre-drilled circular through-hole on the cover assembly 84. The diameter of this through-hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the cathode terminal 52 to provide a certain installation clearance. The first fixing nut 911 is a hexagonal nut with a thread specification matching the external thread of the cathode terminal 52, and is made of SUS304 stainless steel. A first spring washer 912 is placed between the first fixing nut 911 and the first stainless steel retaining ring 913. The inner diameter of the first spring washer 912 is slightly larger than the diameter of the cathode terminal 52, and it is also made of SUS304 stainless steel. It provides elastic compensation during the tightening of the first fixing nut 911 to prevent the first fixing nut 911 from loosening.

[0061] Optionally, the cover plate assembly 84 includes an isolation cover 841, an isolation collar 842, and an upper cover plate 843. The isolation cover 841 has several first through holes through which both the cathode terminal 52 and the anode terminal 43 pass. The upper cover plate 843 has several second through holes corresponding to the first through holes. The isolation collar 842 is disposed between the isolation cover 841 and the upper cover plate 843. The number of isolation collars 842 can be set according to the number of first through holes or second through holes.

[0062] Specifically, the isolation cover 841 is made of PP material. It is rectangular in shape, and its thickness is determined based on actual strength requirements. The number of first through holes on the isolation cover 841 is the same as the number of cathode terminals 52 and anode terminals 43 in the electrode module. The diameter of the first through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the terminal to allow the terminal to pass through smoothly. The isolation ring 842 is also made of corrosion-resistant material, such as ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. It is annular in shape, with an inner diameter the same as the diameter of the first through hole. The outer diameter is determined based on the distance between the isolation cover 841 and the upper cover plate 843. The number of isolation rings 842 is the same as the number of first through holes, with each isolation ring 842 corresponding to one first through hole. The isolation rings 842 fit tightly onto the cathode terminals 52 and anode terminals 43. The material of the upper cover plate 843 is the same as that of the isolation cover 841, and its shape and size match those of the isolation cover 841. The second through hole of the upper cover plate 843 corresponds one-to-one with the first through hole of the isolation cover 841. The diameter of the second through hole is the same as that of the first through hole, ensuring that the terminal can pass through the two cover plates vertically.

[0063] The first stainless steel retaining ring 913 is a thin, circular sheet. Its inner diameter fits tightly with the cathode terminal 52, and its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the cover assembly 84. Made of SUS304 stainless steel, it restricts the axial displacement of the cathode terminal 52, ensuring the stability of its installation position. The first fluororubber O-ring 914 is placed between the first stainless steel retaining ring 913 and the first waterproof pressure ring 915. Its inner diameter is determined according to the dimensions of the cathode terminal 52 and surrounding components. Made of fluororubber, it possesses excellent chemical corrosion resistance and sealing performance, effectively preventing fluid leakage from the terminal in the longitudinal direction. The first waterproof pressure ring 915 is made of PTFE. Its inner diameter fits loosely with the cathode terminal 52, and its outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the first fluororubber O-ring 914. It provides uniform pressure distribution when the first fixing nut 911 is in place, enhancing the sealing effect. The second fluororubber O-ring 916 is placed between the first waterproof pressure ring 915 and the cover assembly 84. Its dimensions and performance are similar to the first fluororubber O-ring 914, providing a waterproof seal for the cathode terminal 52 in the lateral direction. The connection method between the anode terminal 43 and the cover plate assembly 84 is the same as the relationship between the cathode terminal 52 and the cover plate assembly 84 mentioned above.

[0064] In another embodiment, an elastic compensation mechanism is incorporated. Its active compensation layer, composed of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wave spring sheet, is located between the cathode terminal 52 and the first spring washer 912. It automatically adjusts the clamping force according to temperature changes. When the temperature fluctuates, the active compensation layer dynamically adjusts the pressure on the cathode terminal 52, ensuring that the connection stability is unaffected by temperature. The passive compensation layer uses a disc spring assembly, placed between the active compensation layer and the first stainless steel retaining ring 913. It compensates for gap changes caused by mechanical vibration and thermal expansion and contraction. Whether it's mechanical vibration during device operation or component expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, the passive compensation layer effectively maintains a tight fit between the components. A micro-motion detection device is provided between the active and passive compensation layers to monitor the dynamic changes of the sealing system. It can accurately sense minute displacements and pressure changes in each component, providing timely feedback on the sealing system status so that measures can be taken before potential problems arise.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the fluid inlet 81 is provided with a tangential flow guide 811 with a polyhedral structure, and each facet of the tangential flow guide has a bend 812 extending out to guide the flow.

[0066] Specifically, the tangential flow guide 811 is a polyhedral structure, a three-dimensional structure with multiple planes. Each plane has at least one bend 812, forming a stable polyhedral shape. The bend 812 extending from each facet of the polyhedron is used for flow guidance, and the connection between the bend 812 and the facet is smooth to reduce fluid resistance. The angle of the bend 812 is designed according to the required flow direction and fluid characteristics to ensure that the fluid can be effectively guided. The tangential flow guide 811 is installed at the fluid inlet 81 and fixed to the fluid inlet 81 by welding, bolting, or embedded installation. If welding is used, the weld joint must be well sealed to prevent fluid leakage; if bolting is used, mounting holes are provided on the tangential flow guide 811, and corrosion-resistant bolts are used to fix it to the inner wall of the inlet; if embedded installation is used, the inner wall of the inlet must be designed with a groove that matches the tangential flow guide 811, the tangential flow guide 811 is embedded in it, and then sealed with sealant.

[0067] In some embodiments, a cooling inlet is provided at one end of the cover plate assembly 84, and a cooling outlet is provided at the other end of the cover plate assembly 84; the cover plate assembly 84 has cooling channels in the shape of a three-dimensional flow channel network, the cooling channels include a main flow channel and secondary flow channels, the main flow channel is configured with a variable cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main flow channel is continuously decreasing from the inlet section to the outlet section; the secondary flow channels are arranged in a tree-like distribution, and the secondary flow channels and the main flow channel are mutually circulated; the two ends of the cooling channels are respectively connected to the cooling inlet and the cooling outlet.

[0068] Specifically, the cooling inlet and cooling outlet of the cover plate assembly 84 are located at opposite ends, and are circular in shape with a diameter determined according to the required cooling flow rate. The edges of the cooling inlet and cooling outlet are rounded to reduce resistance when the fluid enters and exits. The cooling inlet can be connected to an external cooling source pipe using a short pipe with a flange connection, and a rubber gasket is used between the flanges to ensure a seal. The cooling outlet is connected to the return pipe in a similar manner. The cooling channels inside the cover plate assembly 84 are formed by integral casting or machining. The main channel extends along the length of the upper fixed plate 3, with its inlet section located near the cooling inlet. The inlet section has a larger cross-sectional area, such as a circle. As the main channel extends towards the cooling outlet, its cross-sectional area gradually decreases, and a conical transition can be used. The secondary channels branch out from the main channel in a tree-like distribution, and the width and depth of the secondary channels are designed according to the heat dissipation requirements. The connection points between the secondary channels and the main channel are evenly distributed on the main channel to ensure that the cooling medium can flow smoothly between the main channel and the secondary channels.

[0069] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the housing 8 and the cover assembly 84 are both coated with an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer material that provides corrosion resistance.

[0070] Specifically, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) material is applied to the inner wall of the housing 8 and the bottom of the cover assembly 84 using a spraying process. Before spraying, the surfaces of the housing 8 and cover assembly 84 to be sprayed are pretreated, including removing oil and dust and roughening the surface to enhance the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. Electrostatic spraying technology is used to uniformly adsorb ETFE powder onto the pretreated surface under a high-voltage electrostatic field, followed by high-temperature curing at 200-250℃ to form a uniform, dense, and continuous protective film. The inner wall of the housing 8, especially areas in contact with fluids and easily corroded areas such as corners and welds, is sprayed with focused coverage to ensure no omissions or defects. The bottom of the cover assembly 84 is also fully covered, with the coating extending 5-10 mm beyond the edges to prevent corrosion from fluid splashes or condensation. Optionally, the coating of the cover assembly 84 is located at the bottom of the upper cover 843 to ensure that the bottom of the upper cover 843 maintains good corrosion resistance when in contact with various possible corrosive media.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, multiple electrode modules located within the same housing 8 are connected in series; while electrode modules corresponding to different housings 8 are connected in parallel.

[0072] Specifically, within the same housing 8, each electrode module is equipped with an independent electrode terminal. For example, in an electrochemical reactor for wastewater treatment, three electrode modules are located within the same housing 8. When treating wastewater containing heavy metal ions, this enhances the electric field strength, allowing for more complete migration of heavy metal ions between the electrode modules and a more thorough redox reaction with the electrode surfaces. The electrode modules corresponding to different housings 8 are connected in parallel, enabling each module to operate independently at the same voltage, ensuring the stability of the overall system voltage. This allows for flexible adjustment of the number of housings 8 involved in operation according to actual needs, achieving scalability in processing scale.

[0073] The operating conditions of an electrochemical reaction device provided in this application are as follows:

[0074] The electrochemical reaction device consists of at least one set of housings 8, within which at least one set of electrode modules are installed. The electrode modules are mounted within the housings 8 via mounting grooves 83, with the outer surface of the electrode modules fitting against the inner surface of the mounting grooves 83. Fluid is introduced into the housings 8 through a fluid inlet 81 at the bottom, and flows out through the electrode modules and then out through a fluid outlet 82 at the top of the housings 8. Each electrode module includes a lower fixed plate 1, an upper fixed plate 3, and at least two electrode arrays. The electrode arrays are positioned between the upper and lower fixed plates 1 to form multiple linear reaction channels. The two ends of each reaction channel are connected to the fluid inlet 81 and the outlet 82, respectively, ensuring that the fluid within the channels undergoes an independent and stable electrochemical reaction.

[0075] The electrode array consists of a cathode plate 21 and an anode plate 22. The cathode plate 21 has cathode conductive lugs 211 at both ends of its top, and the anode plate 22 has anode conductive plates 41 on both sides of its ends. The cathode conductive lugs 211 and anode conductive plates 41 extend from the upper fixing plate 3. Cathode terminals 52 are connected to the cathode conductive lugs 211 via cathode conductive posts 51, and anode terminals 43 are connected to the anode conductive plates 41 via anode conductive posts 42. The lower fixing plate 1 has longitudinally distributed cathode grooves 11 and anode grooves 12. The upper fixing plate 3 has conductive holes 32 through which the cathode conductive lugs 211 pass and anode holes 31 opposite to the anode grooves 12. After the anode plate 22 is inserted into the anode groove 12, the conductive holes 32 and anode holes 31 of the upper fixing plate 3 need to be sealed with epoxy resin potting compound.

[0076] In the wastewater treatment process, wastewater first enters the shell 8 through the fluid inlet 81 of the electrochemical reaction device and flows to the electrode module. Subsequently, the wastewater enters the reaction channel formed by the electrode array, the lower fixed plate 1, and the upper fixed plate 3. Because the electrode array is plate-shaped and linearly distributed, the wastewater flows stably in a straight line within the channel, with a uniform flow rate and no significant fluctuations or disturbances. While flowing through the electrode array, based on electrochemical principles, the cathode plate 21 and anode plate 22 generate strong oxidizing substances such as hydroxyl radicals (OH·), ozone (O3), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on their surfaces under low-voltage electrical action. The organic pollutants in the wastewater come into full contact with these strong oxidizing substances and undergo gradual oxidative decomposition reactions according to the "cold combustion" mechanism. Simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrogen gas. The treated wastewater continues to flow along the reaction channel and finally flows out of the shell 8 through the fluid outlet 82, exiting from the top of the electrochemical reaction device for subsequent treatment stages or direct discharge, thus completing the entire electrochemical wastewater treatment process and achieving effective purification and treatment of the wastewater.

[0077] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] The basic principles of this disclosure have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the scope of this disclosure to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0080] In this disclosure, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this disclosure are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "comprising," "including," "having," etc., are open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to," and are used interchangeably with them. The terms "or" and "and" as used herein refer to the terms "and / or," and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term "such as" as used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and is used interchangeably with it.

[0081] Additionally, as used herein, the “or” used in a list of items beginning with “at least one” indicates a separate list, such that a list of, for example, “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, the word “exemplary” does not imply that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.

[0082] It should also be noted that in the systems and methods of this disclosure, the components or steps can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions to this disclosure.

[0083] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0084] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations therein.

Claims

1. An electrochemical reaction device, characterized in that, include: At least one set of housings (8), and at least one set of electrode modules is provided inside any one of the housings (8); The housing (8) is provided with a mounting groove (83) for mounting the electrode module. The outer side of the electrode module fits against the inner side of the mounting groove (83). A fluid inlet (81) is provided at the bottom of the housing (8). Fluid can be introduced into the housing (8) through the fluid inlet (81). A fluid outlet (82) is provided at the top of the housing (8). The fluid flowing through the electrode module leaves the housing (8) from the fluid outlet (82). The electrode module includes a lower fixing plate (1), an upper fixing plate (3), and at least two electrode arrays. The electrode arrays are disposed between the lower fixing plate (1) and the upper fixing plate (3). Multiple reaction channels are formed between the electrode arrays, the lower fixing plate (1), and the upper fixing plate (3). One end of the reaction channel is connected to the fluid inlet (81), and the other end of the reaction channel is connected to the fluid outlet (82). The multiple reaction channels are arranged in a straight line. The housing (8) further includes a cover plate assembly (84) for sealing the opening of the mounting groove (83), the cover plate assembly (84) being fitted to the end of the electrode module, and the terminals of the electrode module passing through the cover plate assembly (84) and connected via a busbar (7). In this embodiment, any of the electrode arrays includes a cathode plate (21) and an anode plate (22). The cathode plate (21) has cathode conductive ears (211) at both ends of its top. The anode plate (22) has anode conductive sheets (41) attached to both sides of its ends. The cathode conductive ears (211) and the anode conductive sheets (41) extend from the upper fixing plate (3). It also includes a cathode conductive post (51), an anode conductive post (42), a cathode terminal (52), and an anode terminal (43). The cathode terminal (52) is connected to a plurality of cathode conductive ears (211) through the cathode conductive post (51), and the anode terminal (43) is connected to a plurality of anode conductive plates (41) through the anode conductive post (42). The lower fixing plate (1) is provided with a plurality of longitudinally distributed cathode grooves (11) and anode grooves (12), the cathode grooves (11) and the anode grooves (12) are spaced apart, the upper fixing plate (3) is provided with conductive holes (32) at both ends for the cathode conductive ears (211) to pass through, and the upper fixing plate (3) is provided with anode holes (31) opposite to the anode grooves (12); The cover plate assembly (84) has a cooling inlet at one end and a cooling outlet at the other end; the cover plate assembly (84) has a cooling channel in the shape of a three-dimensional flow channel network, the cooling channel includes a main flow channel and a secondary flow channel, the main flow channel has a variable cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the main flow channel is continuously decreasing from the inlet section to the outlet section; the secondary flow channels are arranged in a tree-like distribution, and the secondary flow channels are interconnected with the main flow channel; the two ends of the cooling channel are respectively connected to the cooling inlet and the cooling outlet.

2. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Water-blocking plates (6) are respectively provided around the lower fixing plate (1) and the upper fixing plate (3). The outer side of the water-blocking plate (6) is aligned with the side of the lower fixing plate (1) and the upper fixing plate (3). The outer side of the water-blocking plate (6) is in contact with the inner side wall of the shell (8). The lower fixing plate (1) and the upper fixing plate (3) are rectangular in shape. The lower fixing plate (1), the upper fixing plate (3) and the water-blocking plate (6) form a cage-like frame structure. The shape of the cage-like frame structure is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove (83).

3. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the anode conductive sheets (41) is provided with at least two anode conductive ears (411), and the anode conductive ears (411) corresponding to adjacent anode conductive sheets (41) are arranged in an alternating manner.

4. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode plate (21) is made of industrial pure titanium (TA), and the anode plate (22) is made of boron-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD).

5. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode terminal (52) is fixed to the cover plate assembly (84) by a first fixing nut (911). The first fixing nut (911) and the cover plate assembly (84) are sequentially abutted by a first spring washer (912), a first stainless steel retaining ring (913), a first fluororubber O-ring (914), a first waterproof pressure ring (915), and a second fluororubber O-ring (916). The anode terminal (43) is fixed to the cover plate assembly (84) by a second fixing nut (921). The second fixing nut (921) and the cover plate assembly (84) are sequentially abutted by a second spring washer (922), a second stainless steel retaining ring (923), a third fluororubber O-ring (924), a second waterproof pressure ring (925), and a fourth fluororubber O-ring (926).

6. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple electrode modules located within the same housing (8) are connected in series; while electrode modules corresponding to different housings (8) are connected in parallel.

7. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid inlet (81) is provided with a tangential flow guide (811) in the shape of a polyhedron, and each facet of the tangential flow guide extends out a bend (812) that serves to guide the flow.

8. The electrochemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (8) and the cover assembly (84) are both coated with an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer material that provides corrosion resistance.

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