A method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method. The prepared high-performance closed-pore perlite material is mainly used in the field of construction, comprising the steps S1, expansion; S2, coating; S3, dispersion; S4, classification; the present invention forms a layer of silica sol film on the surface of the closed-pore perlite, which not only significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the closed-pore perlite during the subsequent slurry stirring process, but also effectively hinders the expansion of cracks inside the perlite, greatly reducing the risk of cracking. At the same time, the coating treatment also reduces the thermal conductivity of the material, significantly improving its thermal insulation performance; the drying furnace of the present invention, through the coordinated use of a drying mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, can drive the air outlet pipe to swing back and forth up and down, so as to adjust the blowing angle of the air outlet pipe according to usage requirements, so that the hot air can be blown to different areas in the furnace body, thereby helping to expand the blowing range and improve the drying effect of the perlite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of perlite technology, and in particular to a method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method. Background Art

[0002] Perlite is a glassy rock formed by rapid cooling of acidic lava from volcanic eruptions. It is one of the precious non-metallic minerals with outstanding high-temperature expansion properties and is named after its pearly crack structure.

[0003] Patent document CN109053010B discloses a process for producing hydrophobic perlite. The process involves crushing the raw materials, preheating and drying them, then subjecting them to high-temperature expansion in a high-temperature expansion furnace for high-temperature expansion, and then drying the expanded perlite at a medium temperature. This process avoids the problem of substandard moisture content in the hydrophobic perlite produced in the prior art and improves the overall quality of the perlite. Furthermore, the present invention designs a drying furnace suitable for this process to meet the needs of the entire quality control process. The drying furnace structure is more suitable for quality control in the process of the present invention, further improving the quality of the produced perlite. The drying furnace has a rational design and strong practicality. Vibrating guide plates separate perlite of different sizes. During separation, the perlite is dried by hot air as it falls. Compared with conventional drying furnaces, this drying furnace separates the perlite more dispersedly, heats the perlite surface more evenly, and is more efficient.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned production process of hydrophobic perlite can solve the corresponding technical problems, during the use of its drying furnace, the perlite passes through three guide plates and falls into the feed port of the vertical screw elevator. After being transported by the vertical screw elevator, the perlite is again passed from the feed port of the furnace body into the drying chamber to circulate and dry the perlite. However, since no discharge port is provided, it is difficult to discharge the dried perlite from the furnace body later; and the position of the air outlet is fixed, and the air flow is not blown to the full position in the cylinder, which easily leads to blind spots, thereby reducing the drying effect. Therefore, a method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by chemical method is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical task of the present invention is to address the above shortcomings and provide a method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Expansion: Perlite sand with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0009] S2, coating: the open-pore perlite obtained in step S1 is placed in a blender, and the blender speed is set to 30 rpm to 120 rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of a neutral silica sol with a concentration of 3% to 10% and a foaming agent and a curing agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is placed in a drying oven and dried at a set temperature of 100-150° C. for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous, dense closed-pore film layer, thereby preparing a high-performance closed-pore perlite material;

[0010] S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared in step S2 is fed into a disperser, the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm, and through strong stirring and friction, the agglomerated pseudo-particles formed during drying or processing are effectively eliminated, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sandy state, with the particle size controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads;

[0011] S4, classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are transported to a screening machine by a conveyor belt. According to application requirements, pearl ore sand meeting the required particle size is separated through sieves of different specifications. The pearl ore sand is used in the construction field.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method, wherein the specific method of step S1 is as follows:

[0013] S11. Preheating treatment: Place the perlite ore in a preheating furnace at a temperature of 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles from the ore and increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion.

[0014] S12. High-temperature expansion: The preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into an expansion furnace. The temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained within the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly.

[0015] S13. Expansion time control: The expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. During the expansion process, the perlite sand will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0016] S14, cooling and collection: The expanded open-pore perlite is passed through a cooling trough for rapid cooling. The cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pore perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which is used as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment.

[0017] The present invention also provides a device for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method, which is used to implement the above-mentioned method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method, comprising the above-mentioned drying furnace, wherein the drying furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a drying mechanism for providing hot air to the furnace body cavity, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the blowing angle, and a feeding mechanism for conveying perlite, the adjustment mechanism is located at the rear side of the furnace body, the feeding mechanism is located at one side of the furnace body, a guiding mechanism for guiding material is provided between the furnace body and the feeding mechanism, the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms for turbulence on the left and right sides, each group of the vibration mechanisms is provided with two upper and lower ones, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a support mechanism for support;

[0018] The top of the furnace body is connected to a feed hopper, the bottom of the furnace body is in an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe, and a first valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the drying mechanism comprises a hot air blower located below the discharge pipe, and an air guide assembly is provided between the air outlet end of the hot air blower and the furnace body;

[0020] The vents are connected to the first vent and the second vents are connected to the second vents, and the vents are connected to the second vents at the ends of the vents, so that the vents can pass through the vents and the exhaust pipes can be turned off.

[0021] Preferably, the regulating mechanism comprises a double-headed cylinder mounted on the rear side of the furnace body, both output ends of the double-headed cylinder are fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and a linkage is provided between the connecting plate and one of the air outlet pipes on the third conduit;

[0022] Among them, the linkage part includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate facing the furnace body, and one side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to three push-pull rods arranged equidistantly up and down, and each push-pull rod is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each third conduit. A movable rod is movably provided on the push-pull rod, and one end of the movable rod passes through the inner cavity of the furnace body and is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the push-pull rod has a V-shaped structure, and an inclined sliding hole is provided on the push-pull rod. The end of the movable rod away from the air outlet pipe passes through the sliding hole to the side of the corresponding push-pull rod. The surface of the movable rod is slidingly connected to the inner wall surface of the sliding hole. The surface of the furnace body is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole for the movable rod to move, and the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot hole is slidingly connected to the movable rod.

[0024] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a screw conveyor located on one side of the furnace body, the feed end of the screw conveyor is connected to the discharge pipe, the surface of the screw conveyor is fixedly sleeved with a support sleeve, the support sleeve is installed on one side of the furnace body, and the discharge end of the screw conveyor is connected to the feed hopper through a material guiding mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the material guiding mechanism includes a hose connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor, the other end of the hose is connected to a guide cover, the guide cover is buckled on the top of the feed hopper, and two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies are provided between the guide cover and the hose;

[0026] Among them, the locking assembly includes a handle fixedly connected to the guide cover, a Z-shaped column is provided on the front and rear sides of the handle, the Z-shaped column is fixedly connected to the guide cover, a connecting buckle is provided between the handle and the Z-shaped column, and the connecting buckle is provided on the feed hopper.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting buckle includes a pillar fixedly connected to the feed hopper, one end of the pillar surface is rotatably connected to a hook, the hook is hooked to the end of the Z-shaped column, and one end of the hook is buckled to the handle.

[0028] Preferably, the vibration mechanism comprises a sieve plate which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body in an inclined manner and is located between the upper and lower third conduits, and a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the sieve plate.

[0029] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a leg fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body respectively, the bottom ends of the four legs are commonly fixedly connected to a base, and the hot air blower is installed on the top of the base.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. The present invention successfully forms a layer of silica sol film on the surface of closed-cell perlite through an innovative coating treatment process. This film layer not only significantly reduces the volume shrinkage of the closed-cell perlite during the subsequent slurry stirring process, but also effectively hinders the expansion of cracks within the perlite, significantly reducing the risk of cracking. At the same time, the coating treatment also reduces the thermal conductivity of the material, significantly improving its thermal insulation performance. In addition, the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared by this method has more stable thermal and mechanical properties, which can meet the demand for high-performance materials in building insulation, heat insulation and other related fields.

[0032] 2. The present invention, through the coordinated use of the drying mechanism and the adjustment mechanism, can drive the air outlet pipe to swing back and forth, so as to adjust the blowing angle of the air outlet pipe according to the use requirements, so that the hot air can be blown to different areas in the furnace body, thereby helping to expand the blowing range and improve the drying effect of the perlite;

[0033] 3. The present invention cooperates with the feed hopper, the material conveying mechanism and the material guiding mechanism by docking the material guiding mechanism with the feed hopper. The material conveying mechanism can be used to convey the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body upward, and the perlite can be conveyed to the inner cavity of the furnace body again through the material guiding mechanism to realize a cyclic drying operation. The material guiding mechanism is connected to a storage bin externally, and the material conveying mechanism can be used to convey the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body upward, and the perlite can be conveyed to the inner cavity of the external storage bin through the material guiding mechanism to realize a discharge and collection operation. This is convenient for adjusting the use status of the material guiding mechanism according to use requirements, and does not require a separate discharge structure, thereby reducing the use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of the air guide assembly and the adjustment mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the locked state structure of the feed hopper and the material guide mechanism according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the unlocked state structure of the feed hopper and the material guiding mechanism according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the disassembled state of the feed hopper and the material guiding mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 100, furnace body; 110, feed hopper; 120, discharge pipe; 130, dust screen; 140, arc slot;

[0045] 200, drying mechanism; 210, hot air blower; 220, air guide assembly; 221, first conduit; 222, second conduit; 223, tee pipe; 224, third conduit; 225, air outlet pipe;

[0046] 300, adjustment mechanism; 310, double-headed cylinder; 320, connecting plate; 330, connecting rod; 340, push-pull rod; 341, sliding hole; 350, movable rod; 360, guide sleeve;

[0047] 400, feeding mechanism; 410, screw conveyor; 420, support sleeve;

[0048] 500, material guide mechanism; 510, hose; 520, guide cover; 530, locking assembly; 531, handle; 532, Z-shaped column; 533, connecting buckle; 5331, support column; 5332, hook; 5333, protrusion;

[0049] 600, vibration mechanism; 610, sieve plate; 620, vibration motor;

[0050] 700, support mechanism; 710, support legs; 720, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0052] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Expansion: Perlite sand with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite;

[0056] The specific method of expansion processing is as follows:

[0057] S11. Preheating treatment: Place the perlite ore in a preheating furnace at a temperature of 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles from the ore and increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion.

[0058] S12. High-temperature expansion: The preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into an expansion furnace. The temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained within the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly.

[0059] S13. Expansion time control: The expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. The specific time depends on factors such as the type of expansion equipment, temperature, and particle size of the ore. During the expansion process, the perlite ore will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite.

[0060] S14, cooling and collecting: The expanded open-pore perlite is passed through a cooling tank for rapid cooling. The cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pore perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which serves as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment;

[0061] The purpose of cooling is to prevent the expanded perlite from continuing to undergo chemical changes or physical deformation due to excessively high temperature.

[0062] Through the above expansion treatment, expanded perlite with a specific strength (such as a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa) can be obtained, and a preliminary open-pore structure is formed inside the perlite, providing a good base material for subsequent coating treatment.

[0063] S2, coating: the open-pore perlite obtained in step S1 is placed in a blender, and the blender speed is set to 30 rpm to 120 rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of a neutral silica sol with a concentration of 3% to 10% and a curing agent and a foaming agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is placed in a drying furnace and dried at a set temperature of 100-150° C. for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous and dense closed-pore film layer, thereby preparing a high-performance closed-pore perlite material;

[0064] Among them, the curing agent is selected from silicon phosphate or sodium fluorosilicate, and its addition amount is adjusted according to the concentration of silica sol and the performance of the required film layer. It is generally controlled between 5% and 20% of the mass of silica sol to ensure that the silica sol film-forming solution evenly covers every surface of the open-pore perlite.

[0065] Among them, the foaming agent is an azo compound, such as azodicarbonamide (ADC), azobisisobutyronitrile, etc. This type of foaming agent will decompose when heated to produce nitrogen and form bubbles;

[0066] The foaming agent is preferably azodicarbonamide (ADC) foaming agent, and its addition amount is generally controlled between 10% and 20% of the mass of the silica sol. This range can be adjusted according to actual production conditions to achieve the best foaming effect.

[0067] When heated, the foaming agent decomposes to produce gases (such as nitrogen). These gases form bubbles inside the perlite particles, which in turn form a closed-cell structure after the silica sol solidifies. The closed-cell structure can effectively reduce heat transfer, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the material.

[0068] By introducing air bubbles, the density of perlite material is reduced, making it lighter. This is particularly important for building insulation materials, as lightweight materials are not only easier to transport and construct, but also reduce the load on the building.

[0069] The bubbles generated by the foaming agent can be evenly distributed inside the perlite particles, which helps improve the uniformity of the material. The uniform closed-cell structure makes the material show better consistency in thermal insulation performance.

[0070] Improve the sound insulation performance of materials:

[0071] The closed-cell structure can also effectively reduce the transmission of sound, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the material. This is an important advantage for buildings or equipment that require sound insulation.

[0072] By controlling the amount and type of foaming agent added, the mechanical properties of the material, such as compressive strength and toughness, can be adjusted to a certain extent. This helps to meet the mechanical property requirements of the material in different application scenarios.

[0073] Although the addition of foaming agents increases costs, optimizing the amount and type of foaming agent can reduce production costs while maintaining material performance. In addition, the lightweight and highly efficient thermal insulation properties also help reduce the amount of building materials used, further reducing overall costs.

[0074] In summary, the addition of foaming agent has significant advantages in the preparation of high-performance closed-cell perlite materials. It can not only improve the thermal insulation performance and lightness of the material, but also improve the uniformity and sound insulation performance of the material. At the same time, it can adjust the mechanical properties of the material to a certain extent and reduce production costs.

[0075] S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-pore perlite material obtained in step S2 (which may be in a fine-grained or slightly agglomerated state at this time) is fed into a disperser, and the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm. Through strong stirring and friction, the agglomerated false particles formed during drying or processing are effectively eliminated, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sand-like state, and the particle size is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads;

[0076] S4. Classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are transported to a screening machine via a conveyor belt. Based on application requirements (e.g., particle size requirements for building insulation materials), the pearl ore is separated through sieves of varying specifications (e.g., sieves with apertures of 0.5 to 1.2 mm) to obtain the required particle size. This pearl ore is then used in the construction industry.

[0077] Used as thermal insulation material: The porous structure of perlite gives it excellent thermal insulation properties and is widely used in thermal insulation layers of building walls, roofs, floors, HVAC ducts, etc.

[0078] Used as lightweight aggregate: Perlite can be used as an aggregate in lightweight concrete to reduce the overall weight of buildings and reduce seismic loads. It can also be used as a lightweight filler for foundations, pavements, and partition walls to reduce foundation loads and improve soil properties.

[0079] Used as building material: Perlite can be used to make lightweight partition boards, thermal insulation materials, etc. to improve the thermal insulation performance of buildings.

[0080] This example successfully formed a layer of silica sol film on the surface of the closed-cell perlite through an innovative coating treatment process. This film layer not only significantly reduced the volume shrinkage of the closed-cell perlite during the subsequent slurry mixing process, but also effectively hindered the expansion of cracks within the perlite, significantly reducing the risk of cracking. At the same time, the coating treatment also reduced the thermal conductivity of the material, significantly improving its thermal insulation properties. In addition, the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared by this method has more stable thermal and mechanical properties, which can meet the demand for high-performance materials in building insulation, heat insulation, and other related fields.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] like Figure 2-Figure 9 As shown, the present embodiment provides a device for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method, which is used to realize the above-mentioned method for preparing high-performance closed-pore perlite material by a chemical method, including the above-mentioned drying furnace, the drying furnace including a furnace body 100, the furnace body 100 is provided with a drying mechanism 200 for providing hot air to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, an adjusting mechanism 300 for adjusting the blowing angle and a feeding mechanism 400 for conveying perlite, the adjusting mechanism 300 is located at the rear side of the furnace body 100, the feeding mechanism 400 is located on one side of the furnace body 100, a guiding mechanism 500 for guiding material is provided between the furnace body 100 and the feeding mechanism 400, the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 is provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms 600 for turbulence on the left and right, and each group of vibration mechanisms 600 is provided with two upper and lower ones, and the bottom of the furnace body 100 is provided with a supporting mechanism 700 for support.

[0083] The top of the furnace body 100 is connected to a feed hopper 110 , and the bottom of the furnace body 100 is in an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe 120 , on which a first valve is installed.

[0084] Among them, the drying mechanism 200 includes a hot air blower 210 located below the discharge pipe 120, and an air guide component 220 is provided between the air outlet end of the hot air blower 210 and the furnace body 100; the air guide component 220 includes a first conduit 221 connected to the air outlet end of the hot air blower 210, and a second valve is installed on the first conduit 221. The two ends of the first conduit 221 away from the hot air blower 210 are respectively connected to a second conduit 222, and the two second conduits 222 are respectively located on both sides of the furnace body 100. The inner cavity of the furnace body 100 is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged three-way pipes 223, each group of three-way pipes 223 is arranged one-to-one with each second conduit 222, and each group of three-way pipes 223 is provided with three up and down, and one end of the three-way pipe 223 is connected to the furnace body 100. The inner wall surface is fixedly connected, and the other end of the tee pipe 223 is sealed and penetrates the outside of the furnace body 100 and is connected to the corresponding second conduit 222. The other end of the tee pipe 223 is rotatably connected to the third conduit 224 through a sealed bearing. The end of the third conduit 224 away from the tee pipe 223 is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the furnace body 100 through a rotating shaft. A plurality of equally distributed air outlet pipes 225 are connected to the third conduit 224 in sequence along its length. A ventilation hole is opened on the front side of the furnace body 100, and a dustproof net 130 is installed in the ventilation hole. The vibration mechanism 600 is spaced apart from the third conduit 224. By starting the hot air blower 210, hot air can be transported to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the air guide assembly 220 to dry the perlite.

[0085] The cam 320 is connected to the second end of the cam 320 by the second end of the cam 320, and the cam 320 is connected to the air outlet pipe 225 of the cam 320 by the second end of the cam 320.

[0086] The push-pull rod 340 is a V-shaped structure, and an inclined sliding hole 341 is provided on the push-pull rod 340. The end of the movable rod 350 away from the air outlet pipe 225 passes through the sliding hole 341 to the side of the corresponding push-pull rod 340. The surface of the movable rod 350 is slidably connected with the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341. The surface of the furnace body 100 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 140 for the movable rod 350 to move. The inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot 140 is slidably connected with the movable rod 350. When the push-pull rod 340 moves, it can drive the sliding hole 341 to move synchronously, so that the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341 can apply pressure to the movable rod 350, so that the movable rod 350 can slide in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 341 and the arc-shaped slot 140 to change the force direction of the movable rod 350 so that the movable rod 350 can The air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 are driven to rotate with the rotating shaft as the center. In order to prevent the perlite from leaking out of the arc-shaped slot 140, a folding curtain is installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the arc-shaped slot 140. The opposite ends of the two folding curtains are fixedly connected to the corresponding movable rod 350. The two sides of the blocking curtain are slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped slot 140. The folding curtain can ensure that the movable rod 350 can move in the arc-shaped slot 140 and prevent the perlite from leaking out of the arc-shaped slot 140. The surface sliding sleeve of the push-pull rod 340 is provided with a guide sleeve 360, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the furnace body 100. The guide sleeve 360 ​​can guide the push-pull rod 340, so that the push-pull rod 340 can move stably horizontally to avoid shaking or displacement.

[0087] Among them, the feeding mechanism 400 includes a screw conveyor 410 located on one side of the furnace body 100, the feed end of the screw conveyor 410 is connected to the discharge pipe 120, the surface of the screw conveyor 410 is fixedly sleeved with a support sleeve 420, and the support sleeve 420 is installed on one side of the furnace body 100. The discharge end of the screw conveyor 410 is connected to the feed hopper 110 through the material guiding mechanism 500. The perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 can be transported upward through the feeding mechanism 400, and the perlite can be transported to the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 again by using the material guiding mechanism 500 to achieve cyclic drying.

[0088] The material guiding mechanism 500 includes a hose 510 connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor 410, and the other end of the hose 510 is connected to a guide cover 520, which is buckled on the top of the feed hopper 110. Two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies 530 are provided between the guide cover 520 and the hose 510. The material guiding mechanism 500 can guide the perlite. By placing the material guiding mechanism 500 on the feed hopper 110, it can cooperate with the feeding mechanism 400 to realize the circulating drying operation; by connecting the material guiding mechanism 500 to the storage bin, it can cooperate with the feeding mechanism 400 to realize the discharging and collecting operation; the locking assembly 530 includes a handle 531 fixedly connected to the guide cover 520, and a Z-shaped column 532 is provided on the front and rear sides of the handle 531. The Z-shaped column 532 is fixedly connected to the guide cover 520, and a connecting buckle 533 is provided between the handle 531 and the Z-shaped column 532. The connecting buckle 533 is provided on the feed hopper 110, and the locking assembly 530 can realize the connection and fixing of the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110, so as to prevent the material guiding mechanism 500 from shaking or falling during the material guiding process, which helps to improve the stability of the material guiding. At the same time, the handle 531 can be used as a handle to take and place the guide cover 520, which is convenient to use; the connecting buckle 533 includes a pillar 5331 fixedly connected to the feed hopper 110, one end of the surface of the pillar 5331 is rotatably connected to a hook 5332 through a rotating shaft, the hook 5332 is hung on the end of the Z-shaped column 532, and one end of the hook 5332 is buckled on the handle 531, and the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110 can be quickly connected by the connecting buckle 533, and a protrusion 5333 is integrally formed on the surface of the hook 5332, which facilitates the hand to rotate the hook 5332 under force.

[0089] Among them, the vibration mechanism 600 includes a sieve plate 610 which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 100 at an angle and is located between the upper and lower third conduits 224. The sieve plate 610 and the bottom of the sieve plate 610 are equipped with a vibration motor 620. When the perlite enters the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, the sieve plate 610 can disturb the perlite, which helps to prolong the residence time of the perlite in the inner cavity of the furnace body 100, thereby improving the drying effect of the perlite. By starting the vibration motor 620, the sieve plate 610 can be vibrated, so that the perlite on the sieve plate 610 vibrates at the top of the sieve plate 610, so that the perlite can be fully in contact with the hot air.

[0090] Among them, the support mechanism 700 includes a leg 710 fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body 100 respectively, and the bottom ends of the four legs 710 are fixedly connected to the base 720. The hot air blower 210 is installed on the top of the base 720. The support mechanism 700 can support the furnace body 100 and provide an installation foundation for the hot air blower 210.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, a heat transfer equation can be introduced to describe the flow of hot air in the furnace and the drying process of perlite, which can be expressed as:

[0092] Q=h·A·(T h -T c );

[0093] in:

[0094] Q is the amount of heat transferred per unit time (unit: W or J / s);

[0095] h is the convective heat transfer coefficient (unit: W / (m 2 K), which depends on the physical properties of the fluid, the flow rate, and the geometry of the heat transfer surface;

[0096] A is the heat exchange area (unit: m 2 );

[0097] T h is the temperature of the hot air (unit: K or ℃);

[0098] T c is the temperature of the perlite (unit: K or °C).

[0099] The usage of the above equation is as follows:

[0100] 1. Calculate drying efficiency: By measuring the hot air temperature, the initial and final temperatures of the perlite, as well as the heat exchange area of ​​the furnace and the convection heat transfer coefficient, this equation can be used to calculate the amount of heat transferred to the perlite per unit time, thereby evaluating the drying efficiency.

[0101] 2. Optimize equipment design: By adjusting the furnace structure (such as changing the heat exchange area and optimizing the hot air flow path), the convective heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area can be changed, thereby affecting the efficiency of heat transfer. Using this equation, different design options can be simulated and compared to find the optimal equipment design.

[0102] 3. Predict energy consumption: Combining the energy consumption data of the hot air blower and the heat transfer equation, the energy consumption required for the drying process can be predicted, and the energy efficiency of the equipment can be evaluated and optimized accordingly.

[0103] Technical Effects

[0104] 1. Improve drying efficiency: By optimizing the structure of the furnace and the hot air flow path, the convection heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of heat transferred to the perlite per unit time and improving the drying efficiency.

[0105] 2. Reduce energy consumption: By accurately calculating the heat transfer process, the energy consumption of the hot air blower can be predicted and optimized, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the drying process.

[0106] 3. Improve product quality: Improved drying efficiency and reduced energy consumption help improve the drying quality and consistency of products, thereby improving the overall quality of the product.

[0107] In this drying oven, the heat transfer equation can be used to evaluate and optimize the design of the drying mechanism 200. For example, by measuring the hot air temperature, the perlite temperature, and the heat exchange area of ​​the oven, the convective heat transfer coefficient can be calculated. Based on this, the power of the hot air blower, the hot air flow path, and the oven structure can be adjusted to improve drying efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

[0108] Working principle:

[0109] First, use the protrusion 5333 to forcefully push the hook 5332, so that the hook 5332 rotates around the pillar 5331, and one end of the hook 5332 is separated from the handle 531, and the hook 5332 gradually moves away from the Z-shaped column 532 until the connecting buckle 533 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 In the state shown, the unlocking operation of the guide cover 520 is completed. At this time, the guide cover 520 is lifted upward using the handle 531 to expose the port of the feed hopper 110;

[0110] Secondly, start the hot air blower 210, the double-headed cylinder 310 and the vibration motor 620, and the hot air blower 210 conveys the hot air to the third conduit 224 through the first conduit 221, the second conduit 222 and the three-way pipe 223 in sequence, and blows the hot air into the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the air outlet pipe 225; when the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 drive the two connecting plates 320 to move toward each other, the connecting plates 320 drive the connecting rod 330, the push-pull rod 340 and the sliding hole 341 to move synchronously, and the push-pull rod 340 slides in the inner cavity of the guide sleeve 360, and the inner wall surface of the sliding hole 341 is larger than the movable rod 350 to apply pressure, so that the movable rod 350 slides in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 341 and the arc-shaped slot hole 140 , the movable rod 350 drives the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 to rotate upward synchronously with the rotation axis at the end of the third conduit 224 as the center of the circle. When the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 drive the two connecting plates 320 to move oppositely, the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 can be driven to rotate downward synchronously with the rotation axis at the end of the third conduit 224, so that each time the two output ends of the double-headed cylinder 310 extend and retract, the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 will be driven to swing up and down once, and this cycle repeats, which can drive the air outlet pipe 225 and the third conduit 224 to swing back and forth, so that the hot air is blown to different areas in the furnace body 100; the vibration motor 620 drives the sieve plate 610 to vibrate;

[0111] Next, the closed-pore perlite with neutral silica sol evenly attached to the surface is poured into the inner cavity of the furnace body 100 through the feed hopper 110, and then the guide cover 520 is placed on the top of the feed hopper 110, and the hook 5332 is operated in reverse so that the hook 5332 is hooked on the Z-shaped column 532, and the hook 5332 is buckled on the handle 531, thereby completing the connection operation between the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110. At the same time, the perlite falls onto the sieve plate 610 and is disturbed by multiple sieve plates 610 to extend the retention time of the perlite in the furnace body 100. At the same time, the sieve plate 610 drives the perlite to vibrate, so that the perlite is fully in contact with the hot air, which helps to improve the drying effect.

[0112] Next, the screw conveyor 410 is started, so that the perlite at the bottom of the inner cavity of the feed hopper 110 is transported into the screw conveyor 410 through the discharge pipe 120, and then transported by the screw conveyor 410 into the hose 510. The perlite is then transported back into the furnace body 100 through the hose 510, the guide cover 520 and the feed hopper 110 to achieve a cyclic drying operation.

[0113] Finally, after the drying is finished, the hook 5332 is moved by the protrusion 5333 again, so that the hook 5332 gradually moves away from the Z-shaped column 532 until the connecting buckle 533 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 In the state shown, the unlocking operation of the guide cover 520 can be completed. At this time, the guide cover 520 can be lifted up using the handle 531, and the guide cover 520 can be placed on the external storage bin, so that the dried perlite can be transported to the external storage bin through the material guiding mechanism 500 to realize the discharge and collection operation.

[0114] The above specific embodiments will allow those skilled in the art to easily implement the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Based on the disclosed embodiments, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine different technical features to implement different technical solutions.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by chemical method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Expansion: Perlite sand with a particle size of 5-1500 μm is used for expansion treatment, and the expanded perlite forms preliminary open-pore perlite; S2, coating: the open-pore perlite obtained in step S1 is placed in a blender, and the blender speed is set to 30 rpm to 120 rpm to ensure that the perlite can be evenly dispersed during the stirring process. Under stirring, a mixture of a neutral silica sol with a concentration of 3% to 10% and a foaming agent and a curing agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the perlite. Subsequently, the coated perlite is placed in a drying oven and dried at a set temperature of 100-150° C. for 1-3 hours to solidify the silica sol to form a continuous, dense closed-pore film layer, thereby preparing a high-performance closed-pore perlite material; S3, dispersion: the high-performance closed-cell perlite material prepared in step S2 is fed into a disperser, the speed of the disperser is set to 500 rpm to 2000 rpm, and through strong stirring and friction, the agglomerated pseudo-particles formed during drying or processing are effectively eliminated, and the perlite particles are further broken up into the desired sandy state, with the particle size controlled within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm to obtain vitrified microbeads; S4, classification: The vitrified microbeads obtained in step S3 are transported to a screening machine using a conveyor belt. Pearl ore of a desired particle size is separated through sieves of different specifications according to application requirements. The pearl ore is used in the construction field; Wherein, the drying furnace in step S2 includes a furnace body, which is provided with a drying mechanism for providing hot air to the furnace inner cavity, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the blowing angle, and a feeding mechanism for conveying perlite, the adjusting mechanism is located on the rear side of the furnace body, the feeding mechanism is located on one side of the furnace body, and a guiding mechanism for guiding the material is provided between the furnace body and the feeding mechanism. The inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with two groups of vibration mechanisms for turbulence on the left and right, and each group of vibration mechanisms is provided with two upper and lower ones, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a supporting mechanism for support; the top of the furnace body is connected to the feed hopper, the bottom of the furnace body is an inverted pyramid structure and is connected to a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is equipped with a first valve; The vents are connected to the air duct at the bottom of the furnace body, and the vents are connected to the air duct at the bottom of the furnace body. The adjustment mechanism includes a double-headed cylinder installed on the rear side of the furnace body, and both output ends of the double-headed cylinder are fixedly connected to a connecting plate. A linkage is provided between the connecting plate and one of the air outlet pipes on the third conduit. The linkage includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the connecting plate on the side facing the furnace body, and one side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to three push-pull rods equidistantly arranged up and down, each push-pull rod is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each third conduit, and a movable rod is movably provided on the push-pull rod, and one end of the movable rod passes through the inner cavity of the furnace body and is fixedly connected to the corresponding air outlet pipe; During the drying process, the heat transfer equation Q=h·A·(T h -T c ) Calculate the heat transfer efficiency by adjusting the hot air blower power, blowing angle and furnace temperature to maximize the heat exchange area A between the hot air and the perlite and the convection heat transfer coefficient h, where Q is the heat transferred per unit time, T h is the hot air temperature, T c is the perlite temperature.

2. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of step S1 is as follows: S11. Preheating treatment: Place the perlite ore in a preheating furnace at a temperature of 300°C to 600°C to remove moisture and volatiles from the ore and increase the temperature of the ore to prepare for subsequent rapid expansion. S12. High-temperature expansion: The preheated perlite ore is quickly fed into an expansion furnace. The temperature in the expansion furnace is controlled between 800°C and 1200°C, and the heating rate is maintained within the range of 5°C / min to 30°C / min to ensure that the perlite can expand evenly and quickly. S13. Expansion time control: The expansion time is set to 20 seconds to 5 minutes. During the expansion process, the perlite sand will expand rapidly and form preliminary open-pore perlite; S14, cooling and collection: The expanded open-pore perlite is passed through a cooling trough for rapid cooling. The cooled perlite is collected to obtain open-pore perlite with a compressive strength of not less than 0.5 MPa, which is used as a raw material for subsequent coating treatment.

3. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-pull rod has a V-shaped structure, and an inclined sliding hole is provided on the push-pull rod. The end of the movable rod away from the air outlet pipe passes through the sliding hole to the side of the corresponding push-pull rod. The surface of the movable rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding hole. The surface of the furnace body is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole for the movable rod to move, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped slot hole is slidably connected to the movable rod.

4. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a screw conveyor located on one side of the furnace body, the feed end of the screw conveyor is connected to the discharge pipe, the surface of the screw conveyor is fixedly sleeved with a support sleeve, and the support sleeve is installed on one side of the furnace body. The discharge end of the screw conveyor is connected to the feed hopper through a material guiding mechanism.

5. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material guiding mechanism includes a hose connected to the discharge end of the screw conveyor, the other end of the hose is connected to a guide cover, the guide cover is buckled on the top of the feed hopper, and two symmetrically arranged locking assemblies are provided between the guide cover and the hose; Among them, the locking assembly includes a handle fixedly connected to the guide cover, a Z-shaped column is provided on the front and rear sides of the handle, the Z-shaped column is fixedly connected to the guide cover, a connecting buckle is provided between the handle and the Z-shaped column, and the connecting buckle is provided on the feed hopper.

6. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting buckle includes a pillar fixedly connected to the feed hopper, one end of the pillar surface is rotatably connected to a hook, the hook is hooked to the end of the Z-shaped column, and one end of the hook is buckled on the handle.

7. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism comprises a sieve plate which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body in an inclined manner and is located between the upper and lower third conduits. A vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the sieve plate.

8. The method for preparing high-performance closed-cell perlite material by a chemical method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a leg fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the furnace body respectively, the bottom ends of the four legs are fixedly connected to a base, and the hot air blower is installed on the top of the base.

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