A method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement methods of newly added self-anchored micro pile, comprising the following steps: S1: gravity wharf structure detection;Collect wharf completion drawing and evaluate the condition of each structure of wharf;S2: wharf reinforcement design;According to the reinforcement target evaluated, in combination with the technical parameters of each structure of wharf, the anchoring measure reaching reinforcement target is designed;S3: vertical anchoring is carried out to the backfill of wharf;Fine straight pile body is used, pile body is embedded into bed and grouting, and pile top is anchored with panel;S4: vertical anchoring is carried out to concrete block layer;Concrete block layer is strung together using anchor cable, and anchor cable two ends are respectively anchored with panel and bed;S5: horizontal anchoring is carried out to breast wall;Breast wall is anchored in the soil behind wharf using anchor cable.The method forms horizontal and vertical cross, dispersed and dense and fine net-shaped self-anchored system, connects originally relatively loose gravity wharf as a whole, and improves its anti-overturning and anti-seismic capacity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gravity wharf reinforcement. More particularly, the present application relates to a method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles. BACKGROUND

[0002] Gravity wharfs are widely used in wharf construction due to their convenience in construction, simplicity in technology, and good durability. Wharf construction around the world began in the late 19th century and early 20th century, mainly using gravity block wharfs. After more than a hundred years, war damage, durability problems, and the increase in design load standards have made it necessary to repair and reinforce the wharf. Due to the development of maintenance concepts and technical levels, there are few foreign cases of reinforcement design and construction. Although China has developed a code for wharf reinforcement, there are few design methods and engineering cases for reinforcing gravity block wharfs.

[0003] The Technical Guidelines for Wharf Structure Reinforcement and Reconstruction (JTS T 172-2016) published in China in 2016 states that the methods for reinforcing and reconstructing gravity wharf structures can include pre-pile platforms, pre-pier platforms, adjusting fenders, base bed grouting, wall body grouting, chest wall expansion, and wall unloading treatment. Wall body grouting and wall unloading treatment are used to improve the overturning resistance of the structure.

[0004] However, China's wharf construction mainly began after the founding of the country, and the technical level and construction capacity are relatively high compared to early foreign countries. Gravity wharfs in China mainly use caisson wharfs. Due to the source of wharf fillers, the structural form of a small number of gravity block wharfs is slightly different from that of foreign wharfs, and the Chinese reinforcement code cannot be completely applied to foreign gravity wharf reinforcement projects. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, which connects the relatively loose gravity wharf as a whole by forming a horizontal and vertical cross, dispersed, dense, and fine meshed self-anchored system, thereby improving its overturning resistance and seismic resistance.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is to provide a method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Detecting the structure of the gravity wharf; collecting the completion drawings of the wharf and evaluating the condition of each structure of the wharf;

[0008] S2: Designing the reinforcement of the wharf; based on the reinforcement target evaluated in step S1, and in combination with the technical parameters of each structure of the wharf, designing anchoring measures to achieve the reinforcement target;

[0009] S3: Vertical anchoring of the backfill behind the wharf; fine straight pile body is adopted, the pile body is embedded into the bed and grouted, and the top of the pile body is anchored with the wharf panel;

[0010] S4: Vertical anchoring of the concrete block layer; the concrete block layer is strung together by anchor cables, and the two ends of the anchor cable are anchored with the wharf panel and the bed respectively;

[0011] S5: Horizontal anchoring of the parapet; the parapet is anchored in the soil behind the wharf by anchor cables.

[0012] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the specific steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0013] Drilling from the wharf panel to the bed bottom, inserting a steel core material into the hole at all heights, pressing paste slurry into the hole in the bed depth range and curing, tensioning the steel core material on the wharf panel and anchoring, and pressing paste slurry into the hole in the backfill depth range behind the wharf and curing.

[0014] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the spacing between each hole of the drilling is 1-2m, and the diameter of each hole is less than 30cm.

[0015] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the steel core material includes steel bars, steel pipes and steel sections.

[0016] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the specific steps of step S4 are as follows:

[0017] Drilling starts on the wharf panel above the concrete block layer, drilling to the bed bottom through the concrete block layer, inserting a steel strand into the hole, pressing paste slurry into the hole in the bed depth range and curing, tensioning the steel strand on the wharf panel and anchoring, and pressing paste slurry into the hole in the backfill depth range behind the wharf and curing.

[0018] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the hole spacing along the longitudinal wharf direction is 1.0m, and the hole spacing along the transverse wharf direction is 4.0m.

[0019] Preferably, in the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles, the specific steps of step S5 are as follows:

[0020] Drilling downwardly inclined in the horizontal direction of the parapet to the soil behind the wharf, inserting a steel strand into the hole, pressing paste slurry into the hole in the soil behind the wharf and curing, tensioning the steel strand on the parapet and anchoring, and pressing paste slurry into the hole in the remaining length range and curing.

[0021] Preferably, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the specific anchoring points where the steel strands are tensioned and anchored on the parapet are arranged in the parapet above the sea level.

[0022] Preferably, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the longitudinal hole spacing of the drill hole along the water side of the parapet is 1.0 m, and the transverse hole spacing of the drill hole along the water side of the parapet is 4.0 m.

[0023] Preferably, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the gravity wharf structure in step S1 includes a wharf panel, a parapet, a concrete block layer, a wharf rear filler and a wharf rear soil body.

[0024] The concrete block layer is arranged on the water side, the parapet is arranged on the upper surface of the concrete block layer close to the water side, the wharf rear filler is arranged between the concrete block layer and the wharf rear soil body, and the wharf panel is laid on the wharf rear filler and connected with the parapet.

[0025] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Compared with the traditional gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method, the method forms a self-anchored system that is transversely and vertically crossed, dispersed, dense and fine, adds micro piles anchored on the wharf foundation to the originally loose gravity wharf, and improves the anti-overturning and anti-seismic capacity.

[0027] 2. Compared with the traditional grouting filler reinforcement method, the toothpick-shaped pile proposed in the present application is not affected by geological conditions, is not limited by the construction site, does not need to use special construction equipment, and overall consumes less material, has a shorter construction period, lower cost, better controllable quality and safer construction.

[0028] 3. Compared with the traditional reinforcement method of stringing the wharf blocks into a whole by using profiled steel, the present application introduces the anchor cable system into the block anti-overturning. The anchor cable system not only has the effect of stringing the blocks into a whole and adding micro piles, but also anchors the blocks on the foundation to form a cantilever beam state, thereby improving the anti-overturning capacity.

[0029] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be apparent from the following description, and will be understood by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a construction schematic diagram of a method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles.

[0031] Explanation of reference signs: 1, wharf panel, 2, breast wall, 3, concrete block layer, 4, backfill behind wharf, 5, soil body behind wharf, 6, steel sheet pile, 7, anchoring structure of backfill behind wharf, 71, anchor steel on panel, 72, “steel core + slurry protection layer” in backfill, 73, grouting anchoring body in foundation bed, 8, anchoring structure of wharf block, 81, anchor steel strand on panel, 82, “steel strand + slurry protection layer” in block, 83, grouting anchoring body in foundation bed, 9, anchoring structure of wharf breast wall, 91, anchor steel strand on breast wall, 92, “steel strand + slurry protection layer” in wharf, 93, grouting anchoring body at distal end of wharf. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before the present application is described in detail with reference to the drawings, it is particularly important to note that the technical solutions and technical features provided in each part of the present application, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] In addition, the embodiments of the present application involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before the present application is described in detail with reference to the drawings, it is particularly important to note that the technical solutions and technical features provided in each part of the present application, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, comprising the following steps: Figure 1

[0036] S1: Detecting the structure of the gravity wharf; collecting the completion drawings of the wharf and evaluating the condition of each structure of the wharf; including: backfill 4 behind the wharf, concrete block layer 3 and breast wall 2, etc.

[0037] S2: Designing the reinforcement of the wharf; according to the reinforcement target evaluated in step S1, combining the technical parameters of each structure of the wharf, designing the anchoring measures to achieve the reinforcement target; the reinforcement target includes but is not limited to the reinforcement of the wharf against overturning, the reinforcement of the wharf against earthquake, the prevention of overturning of the front dredging of the wharf, etc.

[0038] ​S3: vertical anchoring of the backfill 4 behind the wharf; fine straight piles are embedded in the bed and grouted, and the top of the pile is anchored to the wharf panel 1; in this embodiment, a preferred embodiment is that the backfill 4 behind the wharf is a stone backfill with a porosity of up to 40%, and the present application forms dispersed and dense and fine "toothpick-shaped" piles in the loose backfill 4 behind the wharf, and the loose backfill behind the wharf is strung together as a whole. The "toothpick-shaped" pile refers to a fine straight pile with a pile foundation diameter of <30 cm, and the spacing between each pile is 1-2 m;

[0039] S4: vertical anchoring of the concrete block layer 3; anchor cables are used to string the concrete block layer 3 together to improve its integrity, and the two ends of the anchor cable are anchored to the wharf panel 1 and the bed, respectively;

[0040] S5: horizontal anchoring of the parapet 2; anchor cables are used to anchor the parapet 2 in the soil 5 behind the wharf to improve its overturning resistance.

[0041] Compared with the traditional grouting scheme, the present reinforcement method saves 1000 tons of cement, shortens the construction period by 6 months, saves more than 5 million yuan in cost, has a 100% pass rate for one-time acceptance, and has fewer safety risks during construction.

[0042] Further, the gravity wharf anti-overturning reinforcement method of the added self-anchored micro piles has the following specific steps of step S3:

[0043] A drilling machine drills a hole from the wharf panel 1 to the bed bottom, a steel core is inserted into the hole at full height, paste grout is pressed into the hole in the bed depth range and cured, the steel core is tensioned and anchored on the wharf panel 1, and paste grout is pressed into the hole in the backfill 7 behind the wharf in the depth range and cured. The paste grout is embedded in the filler around the pile, further improving the integrity.

[0044] In this embodiment, a preferred embodiment of step S3 is as follows: a light drilling machine is used to drill holes on the wharf panel 1 above the backfill 4 behind the wharf, and the hole spacing is 1.5 m; the hole is drilled from the wharf panel to the bed bottom, and the hole depth is 24 m; an I-beam is inserted into the hole, 4 pieces of 6 m long steel are welded to form a 24 m long I-beam; paste grout is pressed into the hole in the 8 m high bed range, the pressure is 0.5 MPa, the average over-square is 150%, and part of the grout is embedded in the stone filler around the pile; curing; the I-beam is tensioned and anchored on the wharf panel; and grouting is performed in the hole in the 15 m high backfill depth range and cured.

[0045] Further, the gravity wharf overturning prevention reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles has the following advantages: the spacing between each hole drilled by the drilling machine is 1-2 m, and the diameter of each hole is less than 30 cm, so that the pile body is thin and straight, and the construction is not affected by geological conditions, not limited by the construction site, and does not need to use special construction equipment, and the overall material consumption is less, the construction period is shorter, the cost is lower, the quality is more controllable, and the construction is safer.

[0046] Further, the gravity wharf overturning prevention reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles has the following advantages: the steel core material includes steel bars, steel pipes and shaped steel.

[0047] Further, the gravity wharf overturning prevention reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles has the following advantages: the specific steps of the step S4 are as follows:

[0048] The drilling machine is used to drill holes on the wharf panel 1 above the concrete block layer 3, pass through the concrete block layer 3 and drill to the bottom of the bed, insert steel strands into the holes, press the paste slurry into the holes in the depth range of the bed and maintain, tension the steel strands on the wharf panel 1 and anchor, and press the paste slurry into the holes in the depth range of the backfill 7 and maintain. The anchor cable is anchored in the bed and the underlying soil, so that the concrete block layer 3 forms a cantilever beam, and the overturning resistance of the concrete block layer 3 is improved.

[0049] In this embodiment, a preferred embodiment is that the specific process flow of the step S4 is as follows: the light drilling machine is used to drill holes on the wharf panel 1 above the concrete block layer 3, the hole spacing in the longitudinal direction of the wharf is 1.0 m, and the hole spacing in the transverse direction of the wharf is 4.0 m; the holes are drilled to the bottom of the bed from the wharf face, and the hole depth is 24 m; 7 steel strands are inserted into the holes; the paste slurry is pressed into the holes in the 8 m high bed range, the pressure is 0.5 MPa, the average overboard is 150%, and part of the slurry is embedded in the stone filling around the pile body; maintenance; the steel strands are tensioned and anchored on the wharf panel; and the grouting and maintenance are performed in the holes in the depth range of the 15 m high filling.

[0050] Further, the gravity wharf overturning prevention reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles has the following advantages: the hole spacing of the drilling machine along the longitudinal direction of the wharf is 1.0 m, and the hole spacing along the transverse direction of the wharf is 4.0 m.

[0051] Further, the gravity wharf overturning prevention reinforcement method by adding self-anchored micro piles has the following advantages: the specific steps of the step S5 are as follows:

[0052] The drilling machine is used to drill holes in the horizontal direction of the parapet 2 and downwardly, drill into the soil 5 behind the wharf, insert steel strands into the holes, press the paste slurry into the holes in the soil 5 behind the wharf and maintain, tension the steel strands on the parapet 2 and anchor, and press the paste slurry into the holes in the remaining length range and maintain.

[0053] In the embodiment, a preferred embodiment of step S5 is the same as that of step S4, except that horizontal drilling and grouting are required.

[0054] Further, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the specific anchoring points of the steel strand tensioned and anchored on the parapet 2 are arranged in the parapet 2 above the sea level.

[0055] Further, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the hole spacing of the drilling machine along the vertical direction of the parapet on the water side is 1.0 m, and the hole spacing along the horizontal direction of the parapet on the water side is 4.0 m.

[0056] Further, in the method for reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles, the gravity wharf structure in step S1 includes a wharf panel 1, a parapet 2, a concrete block layer 3, a wharf rear filler 4, and a wharf rear soil body 5.

[0057] The concrete block layer 3 is arranged on the water side, the parapet 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the concrete block layer 3 close to the water side, the wharf rear filler 4 is arranged between the concrete block layer 3 and the wharf rear soil body 5, and the wharf panel 1 is laid on the wharf rear filler 4 and connected with the parapet 2.

[0058] In the embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the gravity wharf structure further includes a steel sheet pile 6 arranged at the front edge of the concrete block layer 3 on the water side, the parapet 2 holds the steel sheet pile 6 at the front edge of the concrete block layer 3, and the steel sheet pile 6 is reinforced by underwater concrete.

[0059] The wharf rear filler anchoring structure 7 arranged on the wharf rear filler includes a panel-anchored steel 71 arranged on the panel, a wharf rear filler bed-embedded grouting anchoring body 73 arranged in the bed of the wharf rear filler 4, and a “steel core + grout protective layer” 72 arranged in the filler, the concrete block anchoring structure 8 arranged on the concrete block layer includes a panel-anchored steel strand 81 arranged on the panel, a concrete block layer bed-embedded grouting anchoring body 83 arranged in the bed of the concrete block layer 3, and a “steel strand + grout protective layer” 82 arranged in the block, and the wharf parapet anchoring structure 9 arranged on the parapet includes a parapet-anchored steel strand 91 arranged on the parapet, a wharf distal end grouting anchoring body 93 arranged in the wharf rear soil body 5, and a horizontal “steel strand + grout protective layer” 92 arranged in the wharf.

[0060] The horizontal breast wall anchoring structure and the vertical block and rear filler anchoring structure form a cross, dispersed, dense and fine mesh self-anchoring system, which connects the originally loose gravity wharf as a whole, and improves the overturning resistance and anti-seismic capacity. Even if the wharf front is dredged, the wharf will not overturn.

[0061] While embodiments of the application have been disclosed in connection with the above specification and drawings, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the application to the particular form set forth, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be within the scope of the application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro-piles, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1: gravity wharf structure detection; collect the wharf completion map and evaluate the condition of each structure of the wharf; the gravity wharf structure comprises: wharf panel, breast wall, concrete block layer, wharf rear filler and wharf rear soil; the concrete block layer is arranged on the side of the water-facing surface, a breast wall is arranged on the upper surface of the concrete block layer near the water-facing surface side, the wharf rear filler is arranged between the concrete block layer and the wharf rear soil, and the wharf panel is laid on the wharf rear filler and connected with the breast wall; further comprising a steel sheet pile, the steel sheet pile is arranged on the front edge of the water-facing surface side of the concrete block layer, the breast wall holds the steel sheet pile on the front edge of the concrete block layer, and the steel sheet pile is reinforced by underwater concrete; S2: wharf reinforcement design; according to the reinforcement target evaluated in step S1, the technical parameters of each structure of the wharf are combined to design anchoring measures to achieve the reinforcement target; S3: vertical anchoring of the wharf rear filler; a fine straight pile body is embedded in the bed and grouted, and the top of the pile body is anchored with the wharf panel; S4: vertical anchoring of the concrete block layer; the concrete block layer is strung together by anchor cables, and the two ends of the anchor cable are anchored with the wharf panel and the bed respectively; S5: horizontal anchoring of the breast wall; the breast wall is anchored in the wharf rear soil by anchor cables; the specific steps are as follows: drilling downwardly in the horizontal direction of the breast wall, drilling into the wharf rear soil, inserting a steel strand into the hole, pressing a paste-like grout into the hole in the wharf rear soil and curing, tensioning the steel strand on the breast wall and anchoring, and pressing the paste-like grout into the hole in the remaining length range and curing.

2. The method of reinforcing the gravity type wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: Drilling from the wharf panel to the bed bottom, inserting a steel core material into the hole at all heights, pressing a paste-like grout into the hole in the bed depth range and curing, tensioning the steel core material on the wharf panel and anchoring, and pressing the paste-like grout into the hole in the wharf rear filler depth range and curing.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method is characterized by: The spacing between each hole of the drilling is 1-2m, and the diameter of each hole is less than 30cm.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method is characterized by, The steel core material comprises steel bars, steel pipes and steel sections.

5. The method of reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro-piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S4 are as follows: Start drilling on the wharf panel above the concrete block layer, pass through the concrete block layer and drill to the bed bottom, insert a steel strand into the hole, press a paste-like grout into the hole in the bed depth range and cure, tension the steel strand on the wharf panel and anchor, and press the paste-like grout into the hole in the wharf rear filler depth range and cure.

6. The method of reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro-piles according to claim 5, wherein, The hole spacing along the longitudinal direction of the wharf is 1.0m, and the hole spacing along the transverse direction of the wharf is 4.0m.

7. The method of reinforcing the gravity wharf against overturning by adding self-anchored micro-piles according to claim 1, wherein, The specific anchoring points of tensioning the steel strand on the breast wall and anchoring are arranged in the breast wall above the sea level.

8. The method of reinforcing a gravity wharf against overturning by adding self- anchored micro piles according to claim 1, wherein, The hole spacing along the longitudinal direction of the water-facing surface side of the breast wall is 1.0m, and the hole spacing along the transverse direction of the water-facing surface side of the breast wall is 4.0m.

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