Hydraulic pump noise feature detection device and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of noise detection, in particular to a hydraulic pump noise feature detection device and a using method, the hydraulic pump noise feature detection device comprises a test box, and a pump body fixing table is arranged in the test box. According to the hydraulic pump noise feature detection device and the use method, a spring pushes a pressed rod to move upwards to drive a rotating shaft to rotate, a tooth surface on the lower side of a shaft body pushes a protective cover to rotate along a tooth ring, the protective cover rotates out of the inner side of a sound receiving cover, at the moment, the protective cover seals an opening in the outer side of the sound receiving cover, and when a box cover is closed, the protective cover is reversely driven to rotate into the sound receiving cover; compared with an existing sound receiving device which is directly exposed, the sound receiving device has the advantages that the pressed rod is matched with the rotating shaft, rotation of the protective cover can be synchronously controlled through opening and closing of the box cover, the sound receiving device is protected by the protective cover before the hydraulic pump is installed, normal testing is not affected, and therefore the sound receiving device is prevented from being collided when the hydraulic pump is installed; and the service life of the precision test equipment is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of noise detection, and in particular to a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic pump is a hydraulic component that provides pressurized liquid for hydraulic transmission. It is a type of pump. Its function is to convert the mechanical energy of a power machine (such as an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, etc.) into the pressure energy of a liquid. For example, a plunger pump, a significant feature of this type of hydraulic pump is that it will generate a certain amount of noise when used. Therefore, when producing and using a hydraulic pump, it is generally necessary to test its operating noise first according to the use environment.

[0003] The existing patent (Announcement No.: CN114718857B) discloses a plunger pump noise test platform, including a test bench body, a negative pressure pump, a test box, a mounting plate, an isolation sleeve, a control terminal, a test tube, a cover plate, a first bolt, a first sound collector, and a second bolt. The upper surface of the test bench body is provided with a negative pressure pump, a test box, and a control terminal. The bottom end of the test box is provided with a mounting plate, and the upper surface of the mounting plate is provided with a symmetrically distributed plunger pump body and a cylinder; the upper end of the test box is provided with a cover plate, and the surface of the cover plate is provided with a test tube, and the lower end of the test tube is plugged with a push rod that passes through the cover plate. The sound collecting device in the above-mentioned prior art is directly exposed in the test box, which is prone to bumps during the installation of the hydraulic pump and causes damage to the precision instrument. The vibration of the pump body during operation can easily cause dust to adhere to the surface of the sound collecting device, requiring the user to clean it regularly, affecting the test efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device and a method for use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device and a method of use, so as to solve the problem that the sound collecting device in the prior art proposed in the above background technology is directly exposed in the detection box, which is easy to bump during the installation of the hydraulic pump and cause damage to the precision instrument, and the vibration of the pump body is easy to cause dust to adhere to the surface of the sound collecting device, requiring the user to clean it regularly, affecting the test efficiency. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device, including a test box, a pump body fixing table is provided in the test box, and the front side and top of the test box are set as an open structure, the test box is rotatably connected to a box cover, and the box cover is set as an L-shaped structure that matches the test box.

[0006] The left and right sides of the inner wall of the test box are both provided with sound receivers, and the test box and the box cover are provided with automatic protectors matched with the sound receivers.

[0007] The automatic protector includes a tube seat fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box, and a pressure rod cooperating with the box cover is slidably connected inside the tube seat, a limiting ring corresponding to the tube seat is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box, a spring is movably sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the pressure rod and the limiting ring, and the spring pushes the pressure rod to move upward.

[0008] A sound cover matching with the sound receiver is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box, and an axial hole communicating with the inner side of the sound cover is provided, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the axial hole, and a spiral pattern is provided on the upper side of the rotating shaft, and a threaded hole matching with the rotating shaft and the spiral pattern is provided at the bottom end of the pressure rod.

[0009] The interior of the sound receiving cover is rotatably connected with a gear ring, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a tooth surface matched with the gear ring, and the upper side of the gear ring is fixedly provided with a protective cover matched with the sound receiving cover.

[0010] The protective cover is provided with a cleaning component matched with the sound collecting cover.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning component includes a vertical groove opened along one side of the protective cover, and an outer rubber roller that fits the inner wall of the sound cover is rotatably connected in the vertical groove, and a convex seat corresponding to the vertical groove is fixedly provided on the inner side of the protective cover, and an inner rubber roller that fits the outer rubber roller is rotatably connected on the convex seat.

[0012] A soft brush matched with a sound collector is fixedly connected to the inner rubber roller.

[0013] The test box and the box cover are provided with a discharge assembly matched with the sound collecting cover and the protective cover.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge assembly includes a rubber plate fixedly mounted on the box cover, and the rubber plate is arranged along the connection between the box cover and the test box, an arc shell matching the rubber plate is fixedly mounted inside the test box, and a through opening communicating with the interior of the arc shell is provided on the back of the test box, a flap is rotatably connected in the through opening, and the lower sides of the flap and the through opening are provided with matching limiting steps.

[0015] An L-shaped air pipe is fixedly installed in the back plate of the test box, and a tray connected with the air pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the air pipe, and the tray is located at the lower side of the sound receiving cover and the protective cover.

[0016] The other end of the air pipe penetrates into the through opening, and a non-return structure is arranged at the through end of the air pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a ball bearing for cooperating with the box cover is rotatably provided at the top end of the pressure-bearing rod.

[0018] Preferably, a limiting strip cooperating with the soft brush is fixedly provided on the convex seat.

[0019] Preferably, the soft brush is fixed on the side surface of the inner rubber roller by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0020] Preferably, the non-return structure is configured as a sliding plug slidably connected in the trachea, and an L-shaped channel is provided inside the sliding plug.

[0021] A method for using a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. After opening the box cover upwards, install the hydraulic pump to be tested on the pump body fixing table, turn the box cover downwards to close it, start the hydraulic pump, and use the microphone to pick up the sound for noise detection;

[0023] S2. When the box cover is opened, the top of the pressure rod loses the box cover restriction, and the spring pushes the pressure rod upward. During this process, the threaded hole drives the shaft to rotate along the spiral pattern, and the tooth surface on the lower side of the shaft body pushes the shield to rotate along the gear ring, so that the shield rotates out from the inside of the sound receiving cover. At this time, the shield closes the outer opening of the sound receiving cover. When the box cover is closed, the shield will be driven in the reverse direction to rotate into the sound receiving cover, so that the sound receiver directly faces the hydraulic pump;

[0024] S3, when the protective cover is rotated along the opening of the sound receiving cover to the inside thereof, the outer rubber roller is rotated by the friction of the inner side of the sound receiving cover and drives the inner rubber roller to rotate, so that the soft brush turns over and fits the sound receiving device. At this time, the soft brush moves in a circular motion with the protective cover to scrape and clean the area of ​​the sound receiving device facing the hydraulic pump. When the protective cover is rotated out from the inside of the sound receiving cover to be closed, the soft brush rotates in the opposite direction to fit the inner wall of the protective cover without contacting the sound receiving device.

[0025] S4. The dust scraped off by the soft brush falls on the tray. When the box cover is turned up and opened, the rubber plate in the arc shell turns up synchronously, and negative pressure is generated along the opening through volume change. The negative pressure draws the dust in the tray into the opening along the air pipe. When the box cover is turned down and closed, the rubber plate turns down, and the air pressure is used to push open the flap to blow out the dust in the opening.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the present invention, the pressure rod is pushed upward by a spring, during which the threaded hole drives the rotating shaft to rotate along the spiral pattern, and the tooth surface on the lower side of the shaft body pushes the shield to rotate along the gear ring, so that the shield is rotated out from the inside of the sound collecting cover. At this time, the shield closes the outer opening of the sound collecting cover, and when the box cover is closed, the shield will be driven in reverse to rotate into the sound collecting cover, so that the sound receiver faces the hydraulic pump directly. Compared with the existing sound collecting equipment that is directly exposed, the pressure rod cooperates with the rotating shaft, and the switch of the box cover can be used to synchronously control the rotation of the shield, and before installing the hydraulic pump, the sound receiver is protected by the shield without affecting normal testing, thereby avoiding bumps on the sound receiver when installing the hydraulic pump and ensuring the service life of the precision testing equipment.

[0028] In the present invention, the outer rubber roller is rotated by friction with the inner side of the sound collecting cover, and drives the inner rubber roller to rotate, so that the soft brush is turned over and fits the sound collecting cover. At this time, the soft brush follows the protective cover to perform circular motion, and scrapes and cleans the area of ​​the sound collecting cover facing the hydraulic pump. When the protective cover is turned out from the inner side of the sound collecting cover to be closed, the soft brush rotates in the opposite direction to fit the inner wall of the protective cover without contacting the sound collecting cover. In this way, the position movement between the protective cover and the sound collecting cover is utilized to control the soft brush, and the sound collecting cover is automatically cleaned when the protective cover closes the sound collecting cover, which can effectively prevent dust raised during the vibration of the hydraulic pump from adhering to the sound collecting cover and affecting the test effect, thereby ensuring the stability of noise collection.

[0029] In the present invention, when the box cover is turned up to open, the rubber plate is synchronously turned up in the arc shell, and negative pressure is generated along the opening through volume change. The negative pressure draws dust in the tray into the opening along the air pipe. When the box cover is turned down to close, the rubber plate is turned down, and the flap is pushed open by air pressure to blow out the dust in the opening. In this way, the rubber plate is controlled to perform pressure extraction operation in the arc shell by turning over the box cover, and the positive and negative changes of air pressure are used to transfer the dust cleared in the test box to the outside of the box. The transfer and discharge process is automatically realized, and there is no need for the user to control it separately. The use convenience is good, and the cleaning operation is prevented from affecting the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the test box and the box cover of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the test box and arc shell of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the test box of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0038] Fig. 9 The exploded view of the sound receiving cover, the rotating shaft, the pressure rod and the protective cover of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 An exploded view of the air pipe and the anti-return structure of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is an exploded view of the protective cover, the outer rubber roller and the inner rubber roller of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. test box; 2. pump body fixing platform; 3. box cover; 4. sound receiver; 5. automatic protector; 51. pipe seat; 52. pressure rod; 53. limit ring; 54. spring; 55. sound receiver; 56. shaft hole; 57. rotating shaft; 58. spiral pattern; 59. threaded hole; 510. gear ring; 511. tooth surface; 512. protective cover; 513. cleaning component; 5131. vertical groove; 5132. outer rubber roller; 5133. convex seat; 5134. inner rubber roller; 5135. soft brush; 5136. discharge component; 51361. rubber plate; 51362. arc shell; 51363. through port; 51364. flap; 51365. limit step; 51366. air pipe; 51367. tray; 51368. anti-return structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical staff in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device, comprising a test box 1, a pump body fixing platform 2 is arranged in the test box 1, and the front side and the top of the test box 1 are set as an open structure, and the test box 1 is rotatably connected with a box cover 3, and the box cover 3 is set as an L-shaped structure matched with the test box 1;

[0044] The left and right sides of the inner wall of the test box 1 are provided with sound receivers 4. After the box cover 3 is flipped upward to open, the hydraulic pump to be tested is installed on the pump body fixing table 2. After the box cover 3 is turned downward to close, the hydraulic pump is started, and the sound is picked up by the sound receiver 4 to perform noise detection. The test box 1 and the box cover 3 are provided with automatic protectors 5 that cooperate with the sound receiver 4.

[0045] The automatic protector 5 includes a tube seat 51 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box 1, and a pressure rod 52 matching the box cover 3 is slidably connected in the tube seat 51, and a limiting ring 53 corresponding to the tube seat 51 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box 1. A spring 54 is movably sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod 52, and the two ends of the spring 54 are respectively connected to the pressure rod 52 and the limiting ring 53. The spring 54 pushes the pressure rod 52 to move upward. When the box cover 3 is opened, the top of the pressure rod 52 loses the limit of the box cover 3, and the spring 54 pushes the pressure rod 52 to move upward. When the box cover 3 is closed, the pressure rod 52 is pressed downward to move downward.

[0046] A sound receiving cover 55 matching with the sound receiving device 4 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box 1, and an axial hole 56 communicating with the inner side of the sound receiving cover 55 is provided, a rotating shaft 57 is rotatably connected in the axial hole 56, and a spiral pattern 58 is provided on the upper side of the rotating shaft 57, and a threaded hole 59 matching with the rotating shaft 57 and the spiral pattern 58 is provided at the bottom end of the pressure rod 52;

[0047] The sound receiving cover 55 is internally connected to a gear ring 510 for rotation. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 57 is provided with a tooth surface 511 that matches the gear ring 510. A shield 512 that matches the sound receiving cover 55 is fixedly provided on the upper side of the gear ring 510. When the pressure rod 52 moves upward, the threaded hole 59 drives the rotating shaft 57 to rotate forward along the spiral pattern 58. The tooth surface 511 on the lower side of the shaft body pushes the shield 512 to rotate along the gear ring 510, so that the shield 512 rotates out from the inside of the sound receiving cover 55. At this time, the shield 512 closes the outer opening of the sound receiving cover 55. On the contrary, when the pressure rod 52 moves downward, the shield 512 is driven in the reverse direction to rotate into the sound receiving cover 55, so that the sound receiver 4 directly faces the hydraulic pump.

[0048] The protective cover 512 is provided with a cleaning assembly 513 that matches with the sound collecting cover 55 .

[0049] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the cleaning assembly 513 includes a vertical groove 5131 opened along one side of the protective cover 512, and an outer rubber roller 5132 that fits the inner wall of the sound receiving cover 55 is rotatably connected in the vertical groove 5131, a convex seat 5133 corresponding to the vertical groove 5131 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the protective cover 512, and an inner rubber roller 5134 that fits the outer rubber roller 5132 is rotatably connected on the convex seat 5133. When the protective cover 512 rotates along the sound receiving cover 55, the outer rubber roller 5132 is rotated by friction from the inner side of the sound receiving cover 55, and drives the inner rubber roller 5134 to rotate;

[0050] A soft brush 5135 that matches the sound collector 4 is fixedly connected to the inner rubber roller 5134. When the protective cover 512 is rotated into the inner side of the sound collector 55 along the opening, the inner rubber roller 5134 rotates to make the soft brush 5135 flip over and fit the sound collector 4. When the protective cover 512 is rotated out from the inner side of the sound collector 55 to be closed, the soft brush 5135 rotates in the opposite direction to fit the inner wall of the protective cover 512 without contacting the sound collector 4.

[0051] The test box 1 and the box cover 3 are provided with a discharge assembly 5136 that cooperates with the sound receiving cover 55 and the protective cover 512 .

[0052] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the discharge assembly 5136 includes a rubber plate 51361 fixedly mounted on the box cover 3, and the rubber plate 51361 is arranged along the connection between the box cover 3 and the test box 1, and an arc shell 51362 matching with the rubber plate 51361 is fixedly installed inside the test box 1, and a through hole 51363 communicating with the inside of the arc shell 51362 is opened on the back of the test box 1, and a flap 51364 is rotatably connected in the through hole 51363, and The flap 51364 and the opening 51363 are provided with mutually cooperating limiting steps 51365 on the lower sides. The limiting steps 51365 prevent the flap 51364 from entering the opening 51363, while the air pressure in the opening 51363 can push the flap 51364 outward. When the box cover 3 is turned down and closed, the rubber plate 51361 turns down and uses the air pressure to push the flap 51364 open, blowing out the dust in the opening 51363.

[0053] An L-shaped air pipe 51366 is fixedly installed in the back plate of the test box 1, and a tray 51367 connected to the air pipe 51366 is fixedly installed at one end thereof. Dust scraped off by the soft brush 5135 falls on the tray 51367. The tray 51367 is located at the lower side of the sound receiving cover 55 and the protective cover 512. When the box cover 3 is turned up and opened, the rubber plate 51361 is synchronously turned up in the arc shell 51362, and negative pressure is generated along the through port 51363 through volume change. The negative pressure draws dust in the tray 51367 into the through port 51363 along the air pipe 51366.

[0054] The other end of the air pipe 51366 passes through the opening 51363, and a non-return structure 51368 is provided at the passing end of the air pipe 51366. The non-return structure 51368 enables the air pipe 51366 to transport gas and dust in one direction into the opening 51363, and the gas and dust in the opening 51363 will not be blown back.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3, Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, a ball bearing that cooperates with the box cover 3 is rotatably provided at the top end of the pressure rod 52. When the box cover 3 presses down the pressure rod 52, it contacts the ball bearing. The rolling of the ball bearing can effectively prevent the friction between the two from wearing the pressure rod 52.

[0056] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, a limit strip cooperating with the soft brush 5135 is fixedly provided on the protrusion 5133. When the soft brush 5135 rotates from being in contact with the protective cover 512 to being in contact with the sound collector 4, the limit strip can limit the rotation angle of the soft brush 5135, so that the soft brush 5135 can effectively contact the sound collector 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the soft brush 5135 is fixed on the side surface of the inner rubber roller 5134 by a snap-fit ​​structure. The snap-fit ​​structure allows the soft brush 5135 to be quickly disassembled and assembled, making it easy for the user to replace it.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the non-return structure 51368 is configured as a sliding plug slidably connected to the air pipe 51366, and an L-shaped channel is provided inside the sliding plug. When the sliding plug moves upward, the channel connects the interior of the air pipe 51366 with the interior of the opening 51363. When the sliding plug moves downward, the air pipe 51366 is blocked and disconnected.

[0059] A method for using a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, after flipping the box cover 3 upwards to open it, install the hydraulic pump to be tested on the pump body fixing platform 2, turn the box cover 3 downwards to close it, start the hydraulic pump, and pick up the sound through the sound receiver 4 to perform noise detection;

[0061] S2. When the box cover 3 is opened, the top of the pressure rod 52 loses the restriction of the box cover 3, and the spring 54 pushes the pressure rod 52 to move upward. During this process, the threaded hole 59 drives the rotating shaft 57 to rotate along the spiral pattern 58, and the tooth surface 511 on the lower side of the shaft body pushes the shield 512 to rotate along the gear ring 510, so that the shield 512 rotates out from the inside of the sound receiving cover 55. At this time, the shield 512 closes the outer opening of the sound receiving cover 55. When the box cover 3 is closed, the shield 512 will be driven in the reverse direction to rotate into the sound receiving cover 55, so that the sound receiver 4 directly faces the hydraulic pump;

[0062] S3, when the protective cover 512 is rotated along the opening of the sound collecting cover 55, the outer rubber roller 5132 is rotated by the friction of the inner side of the sound collecting cover 55, and drives the inner rubber roller 5134 to rotate, so that the soft brush 5135 turns over and fits the sound collecting device 4. At this time, the soft brush 5135 follows the protective cover 512 to perform a circular motion, and scrapes and cleans the area of ​​the sound collecting device 4 facing the hydraulic pump. When the protective cover 512 is rotated out from the inner side of the sound collecting cover 55 to be closed, the soft brush 5135 rotates in the opposite direction to fit the inner wall of the protective cover 512 without contacting the sound collecting device 4.

[0063] S4. The dust scraped off by the soft brush 5135 falls on the tray 51367. When the box cover 3 is turned up to open, the rubber plate 51361 is synchronously turned up in the arc shell 51362, and negative pressure is generated along the opening 51363 through volume change. The negative pressure draws the dust in the tray 51367 into the opening 51363 along the air pipe 51366. When the box cover 3 is turned down to close, the rubber plate 51361 is turned down, and the flap 51364 is pushed open by air pressure to blow out the dust in the opening 51363.

[0064] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical personnel in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device, comprising a test box (1), characterized in that: A pump body fixing platform (2) is arranged in the test box (1), and the front side and the top of the test box (1) are set as an open structure. The test box (1) is rotatably connected to a box cover (3), and the box cover (3) is set as an L-shaped structure that matches the test box (1); The left and right sides of the inner wall of the test box (1) are both provided with sound receivers (4), and the test box (1) and the box cover (3) are provided with automatic protectors (5) that cooperate with the sound receivers (4); The automatic protector (5) comprises a tube seat (51) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box (1), and a pressure rod (52) matching with the box cover (3) is slidably connected inside the tube seat (51), a limiting ring (53) corresponding to the tube seat (51) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box (1), a spring (54) is movably sleeved on the surface of the pressure rod (52), and two ends of the spring (54) are respectively connected to the pressure rod (52) and the limiting ring (53), and the spring (54) pushes the pressure rod (52) to move upward; A sound receiving cover (55) matching with the sound receiver (4) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the test box (1), and an axial hole (56) communicating with the inner side of the sound receiving cover (55) is provided, a rotating shaft (57) is rotatably connected in the axial hole (56), and a spiral pattern (58) is provided on the upper side of the rotating shaft (57), and a threaded hole (59) matching with the rotating shaft (57) and the spiral pattern (58) is provided at the bottom end of the pressure rod (52); The interior of the sound receiving cover (55) is rotatably connected with a gear ring (510), the bottom end of the rotating shaft (57) is provided with a gear surface (511) matching with the gear ring (510), and the upper side of the gear ring (510) is fixedly provided with a protective cover (512) matching with the sound receiving cover (55); The protective cover (512) is provided with a cleaning component (513) that matches the sound collecting cover (55).

2. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (513) comprises a vertical groove (5131) opened along one side of the protective cover (512), and an outer rubber roller (5132) in contact with the inner wall of the sound receiving cover (55) is rotatably connected in the vertical groove (5131); a convex seat (5133) corresponding to the vertical groove (5131) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the protective cover (512), and an inner rubber roller (5134) in contact with the outer rubber roller (5132) is rotatably connected on the convex seat (5133); The inner rubber roller (5134) is fixedly connected with a soft brush (5135) that matches the sound collector (4); The test box (1) and the box cover (3) are provided with a discharge assembly (5136) that matches the sound collecting cover (55) and the protective cover (512).

3. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (5136) comprises a rubber plate (51361) fixedly mounted on the box cover (3), and the rubber plate (51361) is arranged along the connection between the box cover (3) and the test box (1); an arc shell (51362) matching with the rubber plate (51361) is fixedly mounted inside the test box (1), and a through hole (51363) communicating with the inside of the arc shell (51362) is provided on the back of the test box (1); a flap (51364) is rotatably connected inside the through hole (51363), and the lower sides of the flap (51364) and the through hole (51363) are both provided with mutually matching limiting steps (51365); An L-shaped air pipe (51366) is fixedly installed in the back plate of the test box (1), and a tray (51367) connected to the air pipe (51366) is fixedly installed at one end of the air pipe (51366), and the tray (51367) is located at the lower side of the sound receiving cover (55) and the protective cover (512); The other end of the air pipe (51366) penetrates into the opening (51363), and a non-return structure (51368) is provided at the through end of the air pipe (51366).

4. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the pressure rod (52) is rotatably provided with a ball that is used to cooperate with the box cover (3).

5. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting strip matching the soft brush (5135) is fixedly arranged on the convex seat (5133).

6. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soft brush (5135) is fixed on the side surface of the inner rubber roller (5134) via a snap-fit ​​structure.

7. A hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The non-return structure (51368) is configured as a sliding plug that is slidably connected to the air pipe (51366), and an L-shaped channel is opened inside the sliding plug.

8. A method for using a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device, using a hydraulic pump noise characteristic detection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, after flipping the box cover (3) upwards to open it, the hydraulic pump to be tested is mounted on the pump body fixing platform (2), after turning the box cover (3) downwards to close it, the hydraulic pump is started, and the sound is picked up by the sound receiver (4) to perform noise detection; S2. When the box cover (3) is opened, the top of the pressure rod (52) loses the restriction of the box cover (3), and the spring (54) pushes the pressure rod (52) to move upward. During this process, the threaded hole (59) drives the rotating shaft (57) to rotate along the spiral pattern (58), and the tooth surface (511) on the lower side of the shaft body pushes the shield (512) to rotate along the gear ring (510), so that the shield (512) rotates out from the inside of the sound receiving cover (55). At this time, the shield (512) closes the outer opening of the sound receiving cover (55). When the box cover (3) is closed, the shield (512) is driven in the reverse direction to rotate into the sound receiving cover (55), so that the sound receiver (4) directly faces the hydraulic pump; S3, when the protective cover (512) is rotated along the opening of the sound collecting cover (55) to the inside thereof, the outer rubber roller (5132) is rotated by the friction of the inner side of the sound collecting cover (55), and drives the inner rubber roller (5134) to rotate, so that the soft brush (5135) turns over and fits the sound collecting device (4). At this time, the soft brush (5135) follows the protective cover (512) to perform a circular motion, and scrapes and cleans the area of ​​the sound collecting device (4) facing the hydraulic pump. When the protective cover (512) is rotated out from the inside of the sound collecting cover (55) to be closed, the soft brush (5135) rotates in the opposite direction to fit the inner wall of the protective cover (512) without contacting the sound collecting device (4); S4. Dust scraped off by the soft brush (5135) falls on the tray (51367). When the box cover (3) is turned up to open, the rubber plate (51361) is synchronously turned up in the arc shell (51362), and negative pressure is generated along the opening (51363) through volume change. The negative pressure draws the dust in the tray (51367) into the opening (51363) along the air pipe (51366). When the box cover (3) is turned down to close, the rubber plate (51361) is turned down, and the flap (51364) is pushed open by air pressure to blow out the dust in the opening (51363).

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