Mining optical fiber roof separation layer sensor and roof separation layer detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a mining optical fiber roof separation layer sensor and a roof separation layer detection method, and aims to solve the problems of inaccurate detection and low automation, the mining optical fiber roof separation layer sensor comprises a motor and an extension rod, the extension rod is provided with an extension groove, and a power mechanism is arranged in the extension rod and comprises a transmission rod, a first bevel gear on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and a second bevel gear engaged with the first bevel gear; the connecting mechanism comprises a fourth rotating rod and a worm sleeved or fixedly connected to the fourth rotating rod, and the other end of the fourth rotating rod is fixedly connected with the second bevel gear; the unfolding mechanism comprises a first rotating rod, a worm gear fixed on the first rotating rod and an extending block, the worm gear is meshed with a worm, two ends of the first rotating rod are fixed on a bearing, and the extending block is connected with a sensor; the motor is connected with one end of the transmission rod, and during detection, the motor is started to drive the transmission rod to rotate, so that the sensor is driven to extend out of the extension rod from the extension groove and contact with the inner wall of the hole, and detection is completed. According to the invention, the accuracy of equipment detection can be improved, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety detection, and in particular to a mine-used optical fiber roof separation sensor and a roof separation detection method. Background Art

[0002] The fiber optic roof separation sensor is a sensor used to monitor the roof separation in places such as coal mines. The fiber optic roof separation sensor uses optical principles for measurement. Through technologies such as fiber grating or fiber Bragg grating, the separation of the roof can be monitored in real time. This sensor has a fiber optic sensor that can achieve long-distance transmission and is suitable for places such as coal mines that require remote monitoring; the fiber optic roof separation sensor is corrosion-resistant and can be used in harsh environmental conditions; and it can resist electromagnetic interference to ensure detection in the mine.

[0003] The current optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining mainly achieves the goal of recycling and reusing the anchor claws for installation and use of the sensor by setting a telescopic card and a control unit leading out from the lower end of the device, such as CN111721223A. However, although the existing method can recycle and reuse the anchor claws, improve the working efficiency of the device, and save manpower costs, when the device is extended into the hole drilled for detection, the diameter of the hole drilled in advance is large, so that the sensor is in the hole and the sensor is unfolded to start detection. The distance is far from the soil layer to be detected, and the sensor cannot be in close contact with the soil layer to be detected, resulting in the detection result being not accurate enough. In addition, the installation and detection process of the existing detection sensor requires manual operation, and the degree of automation is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to at least solve the problems of insufficient precision of detection results and insufficient automation in the prior art, the present invention provides a mining optical fiber roof separation sensor and a roof separation detection method, which uses a motor to slowly extend the sensor from the insertion rod so that it can better contact the inner wall of the hole, avoid the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the sensor not having close contact with the hole, improve the accuracy of the detection of the equipment, and realize the automated detection process, improve efficiency, and save manpower.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a mine optical fiber roof separation sensor, comprising:

[0006] A motor and an extension rod, wherein the extension rod is provided with an extension slot, and a power mechanism, a connection mechanism and an unfolding mechanism are arranged inside the extension rod;

[0007] The power mechanism comprises a transmission rod, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and the transmission rod is installed in a slot hole extending into the rod;

[0008] The connecting mechanism comprises a fourth rotating rod and a worm, one end of the fourth rotating rod is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the worm is sleeved or fixedly connected to the other end of the fourth rotating rod;

[0009] The deployment mechanism includes a worm wheel, a protruding block and a first rotating rod, the worm wheel and the protruding block are fixed on the first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod passes through the center of the worm wheel and one end of the protruding block, the worm wheel and the worm are meshed, the two ends of the first rotating rod are fixed on the bearings in the protruding rod, and a sensor is connected to the protruding block;

[0010] The motor is connected to one end of the transmission rod. During detection, the extension rod is inserted into a hole drilled in advance. When the motor is started, it can drive the transmission rod to rotate on its own, thereby driving the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the fourth rotating rod, the worm, and the worm wheel to rotate in sequence. The rotation of the worm wheel drives the first rotating rod to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod drives the extension block to rotate. The rotation of the extension block drives the sensor to rotate, so that the sensor extends the extension rod from the extension slot and contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection.

[0011] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism;

[0012] The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod and comprises a third gear and a movable rack;

[0013] The third gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and movable racks are arranged on both sides of the third gear and mesh with the third gear;

[0014] When the transmission rod rotates, the third gear is driven to rotate. The rotation of the third gear drives the movable rack to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism and a rotating mechanism;

[0016] The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the extension rod, and includes a ratchet, a moving bar, a first spring, a protective shell, and ratchet teeth; a plurality of ratchet teeth are installed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel in a circular array with the center of the ratchet wheel as the origin, one end of the ratchet tooth is meshedly connected with the moving bar, one end of the moving bar is fixedly installed with a protective shell, and the top of the protective shell is fixedly installed with the first spring;

[0017] The connecting mechanism further comprises a first gear, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod;

[0018] The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod, and includes a second gear, a second rotating rod, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear and a third rotating rod; the second gear is meshed and connected to one side of the first gear, the second rotating rod is fixedly installed on the side of the second gear, the third bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod, one side of the third bevel gear is meshed and connected to the fourth bevel gear, the third rotating rod is fixedly installed on one side of the fourth bevel gear, and the other end of the third rotating rod is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet;

[0019] When the transmission rod rotates, it drives the second bevel gear to rotate, which makes the fourth rotating rod rotate and thus drives the first gear to rotate. The rotation of the first gear drives the rotating mechanism to work, which in turn drives the second gear, the second rotating rod, the third bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear, and the third rotating rod to rotate, so that the rotation of the third rotating rod drives the shell opening mechanism to work, including the rotation of the third rotating rod drives the ratchet wheel to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet wheel drives the ratchet teeth to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet teeth drives the movement of the moving bar, thereby driving the protective shell to translate, so that the first spring begins to shrink due to the pressure of the protective shell, thereby opening the shell opening mechanism when the unfolding mechanism works.

[0020] Furthermore, a rebound groove is formed on the outer wall of the ratchet, the rebound groove corresponds to the position and number of the ratchet teeth, a third spring is fixedly installed inside the rebound groove, and one end of the third spring away from the rebound groove is fixedly installed on the ratchet teeth;

[0021] After the detection is completed, the transmission rod is rotated in the opposite direction through the motor, driving the second bevel gear to rotate in the opposite direction, and then cooperating with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first gear drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third rotating rod drives the ratchet to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the ratchet is pressed down into the rebound groove during the reverse rotation, pressing the third spring, thereby failing to drive the moving bar to move. In the process of retraction of the unfolding mechanism, the protective shell slowly moves down under the rebound force of the first spring until it is completely closed.

[0022] Furthermore, a groove is provided at one end of the fourth rotating rod sleeved with the worm, a blocking block is fixedly installed in the groove, a sliding ball is slidably installed in the groove provided on the fourth rotating rod, and one end of the sliding ball is fixedly installed on the worm;

[0023] When the fourth rotating rod rotates, the blocking block is driven to rotate. After rotating half a circle, the blocking block drives the sliding ball to rotate, thereby driving the worm to rotate.

[0024] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an anti-collision mechanism;

[0025] The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball and a second spring. The rotating ball is rotatably connected to the end of the extension block away from the worm gear. The sensor is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating ball. The end of the extension block away from the worm gear is provided with a movable groove. The second spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable groove.

[0026] When detecting on the top floor of a mine tunnel, the motor is turned on to drive the power mechanism, the shell opening mechanism and the rotating mechanism to work, driving the sensor to rotate. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor encounters the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, causing the sensor to drive the rotating ball to rotate in the extension block, causing the sensor to press against the second spring in the movable groove, causing the second spring to be compressed, and then detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extension block of the expansion mechanism begins to rotate and recover, driving the sensor to rotate and recover. After the sensor leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring rebounds to generate a force to make the sensor in the normal center position, completing the recovery.

[0027] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an external display unit and electrical wires;

[0028] The display external unit is fixedly installed on the top of the motor, an electric wire is fixedly installed on one side of the display external unit, and an insertion rod is fixedly installed on the top of the display external unit.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for detecting a separation of a mine roof, using the mine optical fiber roof separation sensor described in any one of the first aspects, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1: In the detection of the top floor of the mine, the insertion rod is inserted into the hole drilled in advance;

[0031] S2: Start the motor, and drive the transmission rod to rotate through the motor. The rotation of the transmission rod drives the first bevel gear to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear. The rotation of the second bevel gear drives the fourth rotating rod to rotate first. The fourth rotating rod drives the worm to rotate. The worm drives the worm wheel to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel drives the first rotating rod to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating rod drives the extension block to rotate. The rotation of the extension block drives the sensor to rotate so that the sensor extends from the extension slot into the extension rod and contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection.

[0032] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism;

[0033] The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod and comprises a third gear and a movable rack;

[0034] The third gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and movable racks are arranged on both sides of the third gear and mesh with the third gear;

[0035] The method further comprises:

[0036] S3: When the transmission rod rotates, the third gear is driven to rotate. The rotation of the third gear drives the moving rack to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

[0037] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism, a rotating mechanism and an anti-collision mechanism;

[0038] The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the extension rod, and includes a ratchet, a moving bar, a first spring, a protective shell, and ratchet teeth; a plurality of ratchets are installed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel in a circular array with the center of the ratchet wheel as the origin, one end of the ratchet tooth is meshedly connected with the moving bar, one end of the moving bar is fixedly installed with a protective shell, and the top of the protective shell is fixedly installed with a first spring; a rebound groove is opened on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel, the rebound groove corresponds to the position and number of the ratchet teeth, a third spring is fixedly installed inside the rebound groove, and one end of the third spring away from the rebound groove is fixedly installed on the ratchet teeth;

[0039] The connecting mechanism further comprises a first gear, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod;

[0040] The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod, and includes a second gear, a second rotating rod, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear and a third rotating rod; the second gear is meshed and connected to one side of the first gear, the second rotating rod is fixedly installed on the side of the second gear, the third bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod, one side of the third bevel gear is meshed and connected to the fourth bevel gear, the third rotating rod is fixedly installed on one side of the fourth bevel gear, and the other end of the third rotating rod is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet;

[0041] The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball and a second spring. The rotating ball is rotatably connected to the end of the extension block away from the worm gear. The sensor is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating ball. The end of the extension block away from the worm gear is provided with a movable groove. The second spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable groove.

[0042] The method further comprises:

[0043] S4: When the sensor extends the rod from the extension slot, the first gear is driven to rotate by the rotation of the fourth rotating rod, the rotation of the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the rotation of the second gear drives the second rotating rod, the third bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear, the third rotating rod, and the ratchet wheel to rotate in sequence, the rotation of the ratchet wheel drives the ratchet teeth to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet teeth drives the movement of the moving bar, thereby driving the protective shell to move upward, and then the movement of the protective shell causes the first spring to start to retract, completing the shell opening operation;

[0044] S5: When the extension block rotates and drives the sensor to rotate, and encounters an uneven bulge on the inner wall of the hole, the sensor touches the bulge, thereby driving the rotating ball to rotate, causing the sensor to rotate toward the second spring, causing the second spring to retract;

[0045] S6: After the detection is completed, the motor is started, and the motor drives the transmission rod to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the transmission rod drives the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the transmission rod also drives the third gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third gear drives the moving rack to retract and move inward into the insertion rod, and the reverse rotation of the second bevel gear drives the fourth rotating rod, the first gear, the second gear, the second rotating rod, the third bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear, the third rotating rod, the ratchet, and the ratchet teeth to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the ratchet teeth rotate in the opposite direction to press into the rebound groove and cannot drive the protective shell to move. At the same time, the fourth rotating rod drives the worm and the worm wheel to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the worm wheel drives the first rotating rod to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first rotating rod drives the extension block to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the extension block drives the sensor to rotate, so that the sensor slowly retracts into the insertion rod, and the protective shell slowly closes under the action of the first spring, and then the insertion rod is pulled out to complete the detection.

[0046] Beneficial effects:

[0047] The optical fiber roof separation sensor and roof separation detection method for mining provided by the present disclosure can allow the sensor to better contact the inner wall of the hole, avoid the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the sensor not having a closer contact with the hole, and improve the detection accuracy of the equipment. It can also avoid the problem of the equipment slipping due to lack of human support when the equipment is inserted into the hole for measurement, and improve the stability of the equipment detection. It also solves the problem of the material inside the hole damaging the sensor during the process of the equipment being inserted into the hole, enhances the sealing of the equipment, and extends the service life of the equipment. At the same time, it can realize an automated detection process, improve efficiency, and save manpower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mining optical fiber roof separation sensor provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mining optical fiber roof separation sensor provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure from another direction;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a schematic overall cross-sectional view of a mine optical fiber roof separation sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a power mechanism of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the connection mechanism and the rotation mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the deployment mechanism of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 7 For the embodiments of this disclosure Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0055] Figure 8 For the embodiments of this disclosure Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0056] Fig. 9 For the embodiments of this disclosure Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0057] Fig.10 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the shell opening mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Fig.11 For the embodiments of the present disclosure Fig.10 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0059] Fig.12 It is an overall schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of the connection mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] Fig.14 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an anti-collision mechanism of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a roof separation detection method provided in Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure;

[0063] In the figure: 1, motor; 2, display unit; 3, wire; 4, insertion rod; 5, transmission rod; 6, protective shell; 7, first spring; 8, moving bar; 9, ratchet; 10, first rotating rod; 11, bearing; 12, first bevel gear; 13, second bevel gear; 14, first gear; 15, second gear; 16, worm; 17, second rotating rod; 18, third bevel gear; 19, fourth bevel gear; 20, third rotating rod; 21, third gear; 22, moving rack; 23, extension block; 24, sensor; 25, rotating ball; 26, second spring; 27, movable groove; 28, extension groove; 29, sliding ball; 30, fourth rotating rod; 31, blocking block; 32, ratchet; 33, third spring; 34, rebound groove; 40, worm wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments and drawings described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence; moreover, the terms "include"-"comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process-method-article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process-method-article or device. Moreover, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0066] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0067] In the subsequent description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present disclosure, and have no specific meanings. Therefore, "module", "component" or "unit" can be used in a mixed manner.

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention and how the technical solution of the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art are described in detail below with specific embodiments. It is understandable that in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject can perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples. The embodiments of the present application can also perform other operations or deformations of various operations. In addition, each step can be performed in a different order presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible not to perform all the operations in the embodiments of the present application. And, the following several specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0069] See also Figure 1-Figure 14 The first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a mine optical fiber roof separation sensor, comprising:

[0070] The motor 1 and the extension rod 4 are provided with an extension slot 28, and the interior of the extension rod 4 is provided with a power mechanism, a connection mechanism and an unfolding mechanism;

[0071] The power mechanism includes a transmission rod 5, a first bevel gear 12 and a second bevel gear 13 arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod 5, the second bevel gear 13 is meshed with the first bevel gear 12, and the transmission rod 5 is installed in the slot hole of the insertion rod 4;

[0072] The connecting mechanism includes a fourth rotating rod 30 and a worm 16, one end of the fourth rotating rod 30 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 13, and the worm 16 is sleeved or fixedly connected to the other end of the fourth rotating rod 30;

[0073] The deployment mechanism includes a worm wheel 40, a protruding block 23 and a first rotating rod 10. The worm wheel 40 and the protruding block 23 are fixed on the first rotating rod 10, and the first rotating rod 10 passes through the center of the worm wheel 40 and one end of the protruding block 23. The worm wheel 40 and the worm 16 are meshed. Both ends of the first rotating rod 10 are fixed on the bearings in the protruding rod 4. The sensor 24 is connected to the protruding block 23.

[0074] The motor 1 is connected to one end of the transmission rod 5. During detection, the insertion rod 4 is inserted into a hole drilled in advance. When the motor 1 is started, it can drive the transmission rod 5 to rotate, thereby driving the first bevel gear 12, the second bevel gear 13, the fourth rotating rod 30, the worm 16, and the worm wheel 40 to rotate in sequence. The rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate. The rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 extends from the extension slot 28 to the insertion rod 4 and contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection.

[0075] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The overall structure of the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining in different directions according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-section mechanism, in which the motor 1 is the power source of the entire device, one end of the insertion rod 4 can be fixed on the motor casing, or fixed relatively to the motor casing through other components. During detection, the insertion rod 4 is inserted into a hole drilled in advance to achieve top plate delamination detection. The interior of the insertion rod 4 is hollow, and slots are provided inside for setting various power mechanisms and other mechanisms. An extension slot 28 is provided at one end of the insertion hole, and the extension slot 28 is communicated with the slot hole to enable the sensor in the slot hole to extend from the extension slot 28 to the insertion rod 4.

[0076] The inside of the extension rod 4 is provided with a power mechanism, a connection mechanism and an expansion mechanism; the power mechanism is one set, and the connection mechanism and the expansion mechanism are one set or two sets according to the number of sensors. If there are two sets, they are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission rod 5; and the extension slots 28 of the extension rod 4 are also two. The number of sensors is preferably two sets, and each mechanism is described in detail below based on the situation of two sets of sensors.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The power mechanism includes a transmission rod 5, a first bevel gear 12 and a second bevel gear 13. The transmission rod 5 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the slot of the rod 4. The first bevel gear 12 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the transmission rod 5. The second bevel gear 13 is meshed and connected on both sides of the first bevel gear 12. A connecting mechanism is provided at one end of the two second bevel gears 13. Through the power mechanism provided, power can be provided for other mechanisms during the detection of the top layer of the mine. When the detection is performed, the motor 1 is started, so that the motor 1 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, the rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the rotation of the first bevel gear 12, and the rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the rotation of the second bevel gear 13, which provides power for the operation of the equipment. In this way, the problem that the internal mechanism of the rod 4 cannot work due to lack of power can be avoided, which is conducive to improving the practicality of the equipment.

[0078] The connection mechanism includes a fourth rotating rod 30 and a worm 16. One end of the fourth rotating rod 30 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 13, and the worm 16 is sleeved or fixedly connected to the other end of the fourth rotating rod 30. An unfolding mechanism is provided on one side of the worm 16. The power of the power mechanism can be transmitted to the unfolding mechanism through the connection mechanism, and the rotation direction of the unfolding mechanism can be controlled.

[0079] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 In the figure, the unfolding mechanism includes a worm wheel 40, a protruding block 23, a first rotating rod 10 and a bearing 11. One side of the worm 16 is meshedly connected with the worm wheel 40, and the worm wheel 40 is fixedly connected with the first rotating rod 10. The first rotating rod 10 passes through the center of the worm wheel 40 and one end of the protruding block 23. Both ends of the first rotating rod 10 are rotatably connected with the bearing 11. The ends of the two bearings 11 away from the first rotating rod 10 are fixedly installed with the extension rod 4. The outer wall of the first rotating rod 10 is fixedly installed with the protruding block 23.

[0080] During detection, the insertion rod 4 is inserted into the hole drilled in advance. When the motor 1 is started, it can drive the transmission rod 5 to rotate, thereby driving the first bevel gear 12, the second bevel gear 13, the fourth rotating rod 30, the worm 16, and the worm wheel 40 to rotate in sequence, and the rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 extends the insertion rod 4 from the extension slot 28 and contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection.

[0081] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism;

[0082] The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and comprises a third gear 21 and a movable rack 22;

[0083] The third gear 21 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod 5. Both sides of the third gear 21 are provided with movable racks 22 which mesh with the third gear 21.

[0084] When the transmission rod 5 rotates, the third gear 21 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod 4 and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

[0085] By setting a fixing mechanism below the outer wall of the transmission rod 5 and setting a hole at the position of the insertion rod 4 corresponding to the movable rack 22, it is convenient for the movable rack 22 to extend out of the insertion rod 4, so as to be inserted into the top hole drilled by the extraction, thereby achieving the fixation of the entire equipment.

[0086] Reference Figure 7 The fixing mechanism includes a third gear 21 and a moving rack 22; through the setting of the fixing mechanism, when detecting on the top floor of the mine, in cooperation with the work of the power mechanism, the transmission rod 5 rotates to drive the third gear 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod 4 and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole. In this way, the problem of the equipment slipping due to lack of human support when the equipment is inserted into the hole for measurement can be avoided, which is conducive to improving the stability of equipment detection.

[0087] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism and a rotating mechanism;

[0088] The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the insertion rod 4, and includes a ratchet 9, a moving bar 8, a first spring 7, a protective shell 6, and ratchet teeth 32; a plurality of ratchet teeth 32 are installed on the outer side of the ratchet 9 in a circular array with the center of the ratchet 9 as the origin, one end of the ratchet teeth 32 is meshedly connected with the moving bar 8, one end of the moving bar 8 is fixedly installed with the protective shell 6, and the top of the protective shell 6 is fixedly installed with the first spring 7;

[0089] The connecting mechanism further includes a first gear 14, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod 30;

[0090] The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and includes a second gear 15, a second rotating rod 17, a third bevel gear 18, a fourth bevel gear 19 and a third rotating rod 20; the second gear 15 is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear 14, the second rotating rod 17 is fixedly installed on the side of the second gear 15, the third bevel gear 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 17, one side of the third bevel gear 18 is meshedly connected to the fourth bevel gear 19, one side of the fourth bevel gear 19 is fixedly installed with the third rotating rod 20, and the other end of the third rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet 9;

[0091] When the transmission rod 5 rotates, it drives the second bevel gear 13 to rotate, and the fourth rotating rod 30 rotates, thereby driving the first gear 14 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to work, and in turn drives the second gear 15, the second rotating rod 17, the third bevel gear 18, the fourth bevel gear 19, and the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, so that the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the shell opening mechanism to work, including the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet 32 ​​drives the moving bar 8 to move, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to translate, so that the first spring 7 begins to shrink under the pressure of the protective shell 6, thereby opening the shell opening mechanism when the unfolding mechanism works.

[0092] In order to prevent foreign objects in the hole of the equipment (mine optical fiber roof separation sensor) from falling into the equipment during the detection process, a shell opening mechanism is also set in the insertion rod, and the power is transmitted to the shell opening mechanism through the rotating mechanism, and the opening and closing of the shell opening mechanism is controlled. When the shell opening mechanism is closed, the extension groove 28 of the insertion rod 4 can be blocked.

[0093] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In the figure, the rotating mechanism includes a second gear 15, a second rotating rod 17, a third bevel gear 18, a fourth bevel gear 19 and a third rotating rod 20. The second gear 15 is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear 14, the second rotating rod 17 is fixedly installed on one side of the second gear 15, the third bevel gear 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 17, the fourth bevel gear 19 is meshedly connected to one side of the third bevel gear 18, the third rotating rod 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the fourth bevel gear 19, and a shell opening mechanism is provided at one end of the third rotating rod 20.

[0094] The shell opening mechanism shown in the figure includes a ratchet 9, a moving bar 8, a first spring 7, a protective shell 6, and a ratchet 32. The ratchet 9 is fixedly installed on one end of the third rotating rod 20, and one end of the ratchet 32 ​​is meshedly connected with the moving bar 8. The protective shell 6 is fixedly installed on one end of the moving bar 8, and the first spring 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell 6.

[0095] By setting up the shell opening mechanism, when detecting on the top floor of the mine, the motor 1 can be turned on to cooperate with the power mechanism to drive the second bevel gear 13 to rotate, and then the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 cooperates with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate, and the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, and the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet 32 ​​drives the movement of the moving bar 8, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, so that the first spring 7 begins to shrink under the pressure of the protective shell 6; at the same time, driven by the power mechanism, the extension block 23 of the unfolding mechanism rotates, and also drives the sensor 24 to rotate, and extends the insertion rod 4.

[0096] Furthermore, a rebound groove 34 is formed on the outer wall of the ratchet 9, and the rebound groove 34 corresponds to the position and number of the ratchet teeth 32. A third spring 33 is fixedly installed inside the rebound groove 34, and one end of the third spring 33 away from the rebound groove 34 is fixedly installed on the ratchet teeth 32;

[0097] After the detection is completed, the transmission rod 5 is rotated in the opposite direction through the motor 1, driving the second bevel gear 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, and then cooperating with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod 20 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the ratchet 32 ​​is pressed downward into the rebound groove 34 during the reverse rotation, pressing the third spring 33, thereby failing to drive the moving bar 8 to move. In the process of retracting in cooperation with the unfolding mechanism, the protective shell 6 slowly moves downward under the rebound force of the first spring 7 until it is completely closed.

[0098] refer to Fig.10 and Fig.11 A rebound groove 34 and a third spring 33 are provided on the outer wall of the ratchet 9. After the detection is completed, the motor 1 is turned on to make the transmission rod 5 rotate in the opposite direction, and the second bevel gear 13 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction in cooperation with the power mechanism, and then the reverse rotation of the second bevel gear 13 cooperates with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod 20 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate. The ratchet 9 rotates in the opposite direction. Because there is a third spring 33 inside the rebound groove 34, the ratchet 32 ​​is pressed down into the rebound groove 34 when it rotates in the opposite direction, pressing the third spring 33, thereby failing to drive the moving bar 8 to move; in the process of retracting the cooperation development mechanism, the protective shell 6 is slowly moved down under the rebound force of the first spring 7 until it is completely closed, thereby avoiding the problem that the material inside the hole damages the sensor 24 when the device is inserted into the hole, enhancing the sealing performance of the device and extending the service life of the device.

[0099] Furthermore, a groove is formed at one end of the fourth rotating rod 30 sleeved with the worm 16, a blocking block 31 is fixedly installed in the groove, a sliding ball 29 is slidably installed in the groove formed in the fourth rotating rod 30, and one end of the sliding ball 29 is fixedly installed on the worm 16;

[0100] refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13A groove is provided at one end of the fourth rotating rod 30, a blocking block 31 is fixedly installed in the groove provided in the fourth rotating rod 30, a sliding ball 29 is slidably installed in the groove provided in the fourth rotating rod 30, a worm 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding ball 29, and an unfolding mechanism is provided on one side of the worm 16. After the motor 1 is turned on, the second bevel gear 13 is rotated in cooperation with the power mechanism, thereby driving the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate, the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the first gear 14 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to rotate, and at the same time, the fourth rotating rod 30 rotates and drives the blocking block 31 to rotate, and the blocking block 31 drives the sliding ball 29 to rotate after rotating half a circle, thereby driving the worm 16 to rotate, and then driving the unfolding mechanism to work, so that the problem of insufficient working power of the internal mechanism of the device can be avoided, which is conducive to improving the stability of the operation of the device.

[0101] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an anti-collision mechanism;

[0102] The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball 25 and a second spring 26. The rotating ball 25 is rotatably connected to the end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40. The sensor 24 is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating ball 25. The end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is provided with a movable groove 27. The second spring 26 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove 27.

[0103] When detecting at the top of the mine, the motor 1 is turned on to drive the power mechanism, the shell opening mechanism and the rotating mechanism to work, and drive the sensor 24 to rotate. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor 24 encounters the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, so that the sensor 24 drives the rotating ball 25 to rotate in the extending block 23, so that the sensor 24 is pressed against the second spring 26 in the movable groove 27, so that the second spring 26 is compressed, and then the detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extending block 23 of the expansion mechanism starts to rotate and recover, driving the sensor 24 to rotate and recover. After the sensor 24 leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring 26 rebounds to generate a force to make the sensor 24 in the normal center position, and the recovery is completed.

[0104] Reference Fig.14 The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball 25 and a second spring 26; the end of the extending block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is rotatably connected to the rotating ball 25, and a sensor 24 is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating ball 25. A movable groove 27 is opened at the end of the extending block 23 away from the worm gear 40, and a second spring 26 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable groove 27.

[0105] When detecting at the top of the mine, the motor 1 is turned on, so that the motor 1 drives the power mechanism to work, so that the second bevel gear 13 rotates, and the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the connecting mechanism and the shell opening mechanism to work, and moves the protective shell 6 upward, and at the same time makes the worm 16 rotate, thereby driving the unfolding mechanism to work, so that the extension block 23 rotates, thereby driving the sensor 24 to rotate, until the sensor 24 contacts the inner wall of the hole, and then starts to detect. After the detection is completed, the unfolding mechanism is cooperated to retract the sensor 24 into the extension rod 4; by setting an anti-collision mechanism, when the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the unfolding mechanism works to make the extension block 23 rotate, thereby driving the sensor 24 to rotate, and the sensor 24 encounters the convex inner wall of the hole. The material protruding from the hole causes the sensor 24 to drive the rotating ball 25 to rotate in the extending block 23, so that the sensor 24 is pressed against the second spring 26 in the movable groove 27, and then the second spring 26 is compressed, and then detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extending block 23 of the unfolding mechanism starts to rotate and recover, driving the sensor 24 to rotate and recover. After the sensor 24 leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring 26 has no pressure on the sensor 24, and a force is generated to make the sensor 24 in the normal center position, and the recovery is completed. In this way, the problem of damage to the sensor 24 due to the uneven inner wall of the hole when the sensor 24 is extended to the inner wall of the hole for detection is avoided, which is conducive to better protection of the sensor 24 and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0106] By setting the rotating ball 25 to be spherical, the sensor can be protected during detection on the top floor of a mine. When the rotating ball 25 is not spherical, the extension block 23 is extended toward the hole by the extension mechanism. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, and the rotating ball 25 cannot rotate and move inside the protruding block 23, thereby causing the sensor 24 to collide with the protrusion, causing damage to the sensor 24 and making it impossible for the device to complete detection. When the rotating ball 25 is spherical, when the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, because the sphere can rotate in any direction, the rotating ball 25 will rotate inside the protruding block 23, thereby avoiding the problem of the sensor 24 colliding with the protrusion and causing damage to the sensor 24, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the equipment.

[0107] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an external display unit 2 and an electric wire 3;

[0108] The external unit 2 is shown to be fixedly installed on the top of the motor 1 , an electric wire 3 is shown to be fixedly installed on one side of the external unit 2 , and an insertion rod 4 is shown to be fixedly installed on the top of the external unit 2 .

[0109] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The top of the motor 1 is fixedly mounted with a display unit 2, one side of the display unit 2 is fixedly mounted with a wire 3, the top of the display unit 2 is fixedly mounted with an insertion rod 4, both sides of the insertion rod 4 are provided with an extension slot 28, and various mechanisms are arranged inside the insertion rod 4. When the wire 3 is inserted into the intrinsically safe power supply, the display unit 2 is powered on. The display unit 2 can display the sensor detection results in real time.

[0110] The disclosed embodiments can allow the sensor to better contact the inner wall of the hole, avoid the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the sensor not having a closer contact with the hole, and improve the detection accuracy of the device. It can avoid the problem of the device slipping when the device is inserted into the hole for measurement without human support, and improve the stability of the device detection. It can solve the problem of the material inside the hole damaging the sensor when the device is inserted into the hole, enhance the sealing of the device, and extend the service life of the device. In addition, the entire detection process is controlled by a motor, which can improve the automation and detection efficiency of the device.

[0111] Embodiment 2

[0112] The present disclosure also provides an improved optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining. Figure 1-3 , including a motor 1, a display external unit 2, an electric wire 3, an insertion rod 4 and an extension slot 28. The display external unit 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the motor 1, the electric wire 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the display external unit 2, the insertion rod 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the display external unit 2, and extension slots 28 are arranged on both sides of the insertion rod 4, and a power mechanism is arranged inside the insertion rod 4.

[0113] In this embodiment: when detecting the top floor of the mine, the wire 3 is inserted into the intrinsically safe power supply, so that the display external unit 2 is powered on, and then the insertion rod 4 is inserted into the hole drilled in advance, and the motor 1 is started. The transmission rod 5 is driven to rotate by the motor 1, and the rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate, and the rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, and the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30, thereby driving the connecting mechanism to start working, and then the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the first gear 14 to rotate, and the first The rotation of the gear 14 drives the rotation of the second gear 15, and the rotation of the second gear 15 drives the rotating mechanism to work, and then drives the ratchet 9 to rotate. The rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the moving bar 8 to move upward, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, so that the first spring 7 contracts under the pressure of the protective shell 6, causing the shell opening mechanism to retract, and at the same time cooperates with the work of the connecting mechanism to drive the worm gear 40 to rotate, and then drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, so that the unfolding mechanism is driven to open, allowing the sensor 24 to better contact the inner wall of the hole, thereby avoiding the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the sensor 24 not having a closer contact with the hole, which is beneficial to improving the detection accuracy of the equipment.

[0114] Working principle: See Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 In the detection of the top floor of the mine, the wire 3 is inserted into the intrinsically safe power supply to power on the display external unit 2, and then the insertion rod 4 is inserted into the hole drilled in advance, and the motor 1 is started. The transmission rod 5 is driven to rotate by the motor 1, and the rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate, and the rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, pass through the insertion rod 4, and directly insert into the inner wall of the hole, so as to fix the device in the inner wall of the hole;

[0115] At the same time, the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate first, the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 causes the first gear 14 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate, the rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17 to rotate, the rotation of the second rotating rod 17 drives the third bevel gear 18 to rotate, the rotation of the third bevel gear 18 drives the fourth bevel gear 19 to rotate, the rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet teeth 32 to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet teeth 32 brings about the movement of the moving bar 8, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, and then the movement of the protective shell 6 causes the first spring 7 to start to retract, completing the shell opening operation;

[0116] After the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate first, the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 to rotate at the same time, the worm 16 drives the worm wheel 40 to rotate, the rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate, the rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection; when the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, it encounters uneven protrusions on the inner wall of the hole, and the sensor 24 touches the protrusions, thereby driving the rotating ball 25 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 rotates toward the second spring 26, so that the second spring 26 retracts;

[0117] After the detection is completed, the motor 1 is started, and the motor 1 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to retract and move inward until it extends into the rod 4. However, the reverse rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 causes the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the second rotating rod 17 drives the third bevel gear 18 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of 8 drives the fourth bevel gear 19 to rotate reversely, the reverse rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate reversely, the reverse rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate reversely, the reverse rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet teeth 32 to rotate reversely, so that the ratchet teeth 32 rotate reversely to press into the rebound groove 34, and cannot drive the protective shell 6 to move. At the same time, the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 to rotate reversely, the worm 16 drives the worm wheel 40 to rotate reversely, the reverse rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate reversely, the reverse rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate, the reverse rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 slowly retracts into the insertion rod 4, the protective shell 6 slowly closes under the action of the first spring 7, and then the insertion rod 4 is pulled out to complete the detection.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment, for further description of each mechanism, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5In the figure, the power mechanism includes a transmission rod 5, a first bevel gear 12 and a second bevel gear 13. The outer unit 2 and the insertion rod 4 are provided with slots inside. The transmission rod 5 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the slots of the outer unit 2 and the insertion rod 4. A fixing mechanism is provided below the outer wall of the transmission rod 5. The first bevel gear 12 is fixedly mounted above the outer wall of the transmission rod 5. The first bevel gear 12 is meshedly connected with the second bevel gears 13 on both sides, and a connecting mechanism is provided at one end of the two second bevel gears 13.

[0119] In the present embodiment: by means of the power mechanism, when detecting at the top floor of the mine, the electric wire 3 can be inserted into the intrinsically safe power supply, so that the display external unit 2 is powered on, and then the insertion rod 4 is inserted into the hole drilled in advance, and the motor 1 is started, so that the motor 1 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate, and the rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the rotation of the first bevel gear 12, and the rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the rotation of the second bevel gear 13, thereby providing power for the operation of the equipment. In this way, the problem that the internal mechanism of the insertion rod 4 cannot work due to lack of power can be avoided, which is conducive to improving the practicality of the equipment.

[0120] See also Figure 2 and Figure 7 In the figure, the fixing mechanism includes a third gear 21 and a movable rack 22. The third gear 21 is fixedly installed below the outer wall of the transmission rod 5, and a movable rack 22 is provided on one side of the third gear 21.

[0121] In the present embodiment: by setting up a fixing mechanism, it is possible to cooperate with the work of the power mechanism to drive the transmission rod 5 to rotate during detection on the top floor of the mine, thereby driving the third gear 21 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 21 drives the movable rack 22 to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod 4 and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole. In this way, the problem of the equipment slipping due to lack of human support when the equipment is inserted into the hole for measurement can be avoided, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the equipment detection.

[0122] See also Figure 5 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 , the connecting mechanism in the figure includes a worm 16, a sliding ball 29, a fourth rotating rod 30, a blocking block 31 and a first gear 14, one end of the second bevel gear 13 is fixedly mounted with the fourth rotating rod 30, the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod 30 is fixedly mounted with the first gear 14, one side of the first gear 14 is provided with a rotating mechanism, one end of the fourth rotating rod 30 is provided with a groove, the blocking block 31 is fixedly mounted in the groove of the fourth rotating rod 30, the sliding ball 29 is slidably mounted in the groove of the fourth rotating rod 30, one end of the sliding ball 29 is fixedly mounted with the worm 16, and one side of the worm 16 is provided with an unfolding mechanism.

[0123] In the present embodiment: by setting a connecting mechanism, after the motor 1 is turned on, the second bevel gear 13 can be rotated in cooperation with the power mechanism, thereby driving the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate, and the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the first gear 14 to rotate, and the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to rotate. At the same time, the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the blocking block 31 to rotate, and the blocking block 31 drives the sliding ball 29 to rotate after rotating half a circle, thereby driving the worm 16 to rotate, and then driving the unfolding mechanism to work, which can avoid the problem of insufficient working power of the internal mechanism of the equipment and is conducive to improving the stability of the equipment operation.

[0124] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the figure, the rotating mechanism includes a second gear 15, a second rotating rod 17, a third bevel gear 18, a fourth bevel gear 19 and a third rotating rod 20. The second gear 15 is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear 14, the second rotating rod 17 is fixedly installed on one side of the second gear 15, the third bevel gear 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 17, the fourth bevel gear 19 is meshedly connected to one side of the third bevel gear 18, the third rotating rod 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the fourth bevel gear 19, and a shell opening mechanism is provided at one end of the third rotating rod 20.

[0125] In the present embodiment: by setting a rotating mechanism, after the motor 1 is turned on, the power mechanism works to drive the second bevel gear 13 to rotate, and then the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 cooperates with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate, the rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17 to rotate, the rotation of the second rotating rod 17 drives the third bevel gear 18 to rotate, the rotation of the third bevel gear 18 brings the rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19, the rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, and the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the shell opening mechanism to work, thus avoiding the problem of inaccurate power transmission, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0126] See also Figure 5 and Fig.10 and Fig.11 In the figure, the shell opening mechanism includes a ratchet 9, a moving bar 8, a first spring 7, a protective shell 6, a ratchet 32, a third spring 33 and a rebound groove 34. The ratchet 9 is fixedly installed at one end of the third rotating rod 20. The outer wall of the ratchet 9 is provided with a rebound groove 34. There are multiple rebound grooves 34 distributed in a circular array with the center of the ratchet 9 as the origin. The third spring 33 is fixedly installed inside the rebound groove 34. The ratchet 32 ​​is fixedly installed at one end of the third spring 33 away from the rebound groove 34. One end of the ratchet 32 ​​is meshed and connected with the moving bar 8. The protective shell 6 is fixedly installed at one end of the moving bar 8, and the first spring 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell 6.

[0127] In the present embodiment: by setting up the shell opening mechanism, when detecting on the top layer of the mine tunnel, the motor 1 is turned on, and the power mechanism works to drive the second bevel gear 13 to rotate, and then the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 cooperates with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate, and the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, and the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet 32 ​​drives the movement of the moving bar 8, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, so that the first spring 7 begins to shrink under the pressure of the protective shell 6; after the detection is completed, the motor 1 is turned on to make the transmission rod 5 rotate in the opposite direction, and the power mechanism works to drive the second bevel gear 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the second bevel gear The reverse rotation of 13 cooperates with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear 14 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the reverse rotation of the first gear 14 drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod 20 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the reverse rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate. The ratchet 9 rotates in the reverse direction. Because there is a third spring 33 inside the rebound groove 34, the ratchet 32 ​​presses down into the rebound groove 34 when the ratchet 32 ​​rotates in the reverse direction, pressing the third spring 33, thereby failing to drive the moving bar 8 to move; in the process of retracting the cooperative launching mechanism, the protective shell 6 slowly moves down under the rebound force of the first spring 7 until it is completely closed, thereby avoiding the problem of the material inside the hole damaging the sensor 24 when the device is inserted into the hole, thereby enhancing the sealing of the device and extending the service life of the device.

[0128] See also Figure 8 and Figure 6 In the figure, the unfolding mechanism includes a worm gear 40, an extension block 23, a first rotating rod 10 and a bearing 11. The worm gear 40 is meshedly connected to one side of the worm 16, and the first rotating rod 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the worm gear 40. Both ends of the first rotating rod 10 are rotatably connected to the bearings 11. The ends of the two bearings 11 away from the first rotating rod 10 are fixedly installed on the extension rod 4. The outer wall of the first rotating rod 10 is fixedly installed with the extension block 23, and the end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is provided with an anti-collision mechanism.

[0129] In this embodiment: by setting up the unfolding mechanism, when detecting the top layer of the mine, the motor 1 can be turned on to drive the power mechanism to work, so that the second bevel gear 13 rotates, and then the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the connecting mechanism to work, so that the worm 16 rotates, thereby driving the rotation of the worm wheel 40, and the rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the internal rotation of the bearing 11, so that the extension block 23 is unfolded to start accurate detection; when the detection of the top layer of the mine is finished, the motor 1 is turned on to drive the power mechanism to work, so that the second conical gear 13 rotates, and the second conical gear 13 rotates. The gear 13 rotates in the opposite direction, and then the second bevel gear 13 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the connecting mechanism to work, so that the worm 16 rotates in the opposite direction, thereby driving the worm wheel 40 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the protruding block 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the internal rotation of the bearing 11, so that the protruding block 23 is recovered to the inside of the insertion rod 4, and the shell opening mechanism is slowly closed during the recovery process of the protruding block 23, which avoids the problem of inaccurate detection due to the equipment not having close contact with the detected soil layer during the detection process, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of equipment detection.

[0130] See also Fig.14 In the figure, the anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball 25 and a second spring 26. The end of the extending block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is rotatably connected to the rotating ball 25, and a sensor 24 is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating ball 25. A movable groove 27 is opened at the end of the extending block 23 away from the worm gear 40, and a second spring 26 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable groove 27.

[0131] In the present embodiment: by setting up the anti-collision mechanism, when detecting on the top floor of the mine tunnel, the motor 1 can be turned on, so that the motor 1 drives the power mechanism to work, thereby rotating the second bevel gear 13, and the rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the connecting mechanism and the shell opening mechanism to work, and moves the protective shell 6 upward, and at the same time, the worm 16 rotates, thereby driving the unfolding mechanism to work, so that the extension block 23 rotates, thereby driving the sensor 24 to rotate, until the sensor 24 contacts the inner wall of the hole, and then starts to detect. After the detection is completed, the unfolding mechanism is cooperated to retract the sensor 24 into the extension rod 4; when the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the unfolding mechanism is cooperated to work, so that the extension block 23 rotates, thereby driving the sensor 24 to rotate, and the sensor 24 encounters The material protruding from the inner wall of the hole causes the sensor 24 to drive the rotating ball 25 to rotate in the extending block 23, so that the sensor 24 is pressed against the second spring 26 in the movable groove 27, and then the second spring 26 is compressed, and then detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extending block 23 of the unfolding mechanism begins to rotate and recover, driving the sensor 24 to rotate and recover. After the sensor 24 leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring 26 has no pressure on the sensor 24, and a force is generated to make the sensor 24 in the normal center position, and the recovery is completed. In this way, the problem of damage to the sensor 24 due to the uneven inner wall of the hole when the sensor 24 is extended to the inner wall of the hole for detection is avoided, which is conducive to better protection of the sensor 24 and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0132] See also Fig.14 , the shape of the transfer ball 25 in the figure is spherical.

[0133] In the present embodiment: by setting the rotating ball 25 to be spherical, the sensor can be protected during the detection of the top layer of the mine. When the rotating ball 25 is not spherical, the extension block 23 is extended toward the hole by the extension mechanism. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, and the rotating ball 25 cannot rotate and move inside the protruding block 23, thereby causing the sensor 24 to collide with the protrusion, causing the sensor 24 to be damaged, and the device cannot complete the detection; when the rotating ball 25 is spherical, when the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, because the ball can rotate in any direction, the rotating ball 25 will rotate inside the protruding block 23, thereby avoiding the problem of the sensor 24 colliding with the protrusion and causing the sensor 24 to be damaged, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the equipment.

[0134] Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure also provides a method for detecting a separation of a mine roof, using the mine optical fiber roof separation sensor described in any one of the above embodiments 1 and 2. Fig.15 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0135] S1: During the detection of the top floor of the mine, the insertion rod 4 is inserted into the hole drilled in advance;

[0136] S2: Start the motor 1, and the motor 1 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13. The rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate first. The fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 to rotate. The worm 16 drives the worm wheel 40 to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate. The rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate so that the sensor 24 extends from the extension slot 28 into the extension rod 4 and contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection.

[0137] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism;

[0138] The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and comprises a third gear 21 and a movable rack 22;

[0139] The third gear 21 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod 5. Both sides of the third gear 21 are provided with movable racks 22 which mesh with the third gear 21.

[0140] The method further comprises:

[0141] S3: When the transmission rod 5 rotates, the third gear 21 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod 4 and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

[0142] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism, a rotating mechanism and an anti-collision mechanism;

[0143] The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the insertion rod 4, including a ratchet 9, a moving bar 8, a first spring 7, a protective shell 6, and a ratchet 32; a plurality of ratchets 32 are installed on the outer side of the ratchet 9 in a circular array with the center of the ratchet 9 as the origin, one end of the ratchet 32 ​​is meshedly connected with the moving bar 8, one end of the moving bar 8 is fixedly installed with the protective shell 6, and the top of the protective shell 6 is fixedly installed with the first spring 7; the outer wall of the ratchet 9 is provided with a rebound groove 34, the rebound groove 34 corresponds to the position and number of the ratchet 32, the inside of the rebound groove 34 is fixedly installed with a third spring 33, and the end of the third spring 33 away from the rebound groove 34 is fixedly installed on the ratchet 32;

[0144] The connecting mechanism further includes a first gear 14, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod 30;

[0145] The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and includes a second gear 15, a second rotating rod 17, a third bevel gear 18, a fourth bevel gear 19 and a third rotating rod 20; the second gear 15 is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear 14, the second rotating rod 17 is fixedly installed on the side of the second gear 15, the third bevel gear 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second rotating rod 17, one side of the third bevel gear 18 is meshedly connected to the fourth bevel gear 19, one side of the fourth bevel gear 19 is fixedly installed with the third rotating rod 20, and the other end of the third rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet 9;

[0146] The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball 25 and a second spring 26. The rotating ball 25 is rotatably connected to the end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40. The sensor 24 is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating ball 25. The end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is provided with a movable groove 27. The second spring 26 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove 27.

[0147] The method further comprises:

[0148] S4: When the sensor 24 extends from the extension slot 28 into the rod 4, the first gear 14 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30, and the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17, the third bevel gear 18, the fourth bevel gear 19, the third rotating rod 20, and the ratchet 9 to rotate in sequence. The rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet teeth 32 to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet teeth 32 brings about the movement of the moving bar 8, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, and then the movement of the protective shell 6 causes the first spring 7 to start to retract, completing the shell opening operation;

[0149] S5: When the extending block 23 rotates and drives the sensor 24 to rotate, and encounters an uneven protrusion on the inner wall of the hole, the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating ball 25 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 rotates toward the second spring 26, causing the second spring 26 to retract;

[0150] S6: After the detection is completed, the motor 1 is started, and the motor 1 drives the transmission rod 5 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 and the second bevel gear 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to retract and move inward to extend into the rod 4, and the reverse rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30, the first gear 14, the second gear 15, the second rotating rod 17, the third bevel gear 18, the fourth bevel gear 19, and the third rotating rod 30. 20, the ratchet 9 and the ratchet teeth 32 rotate in the opposite direction, so that the ratchet teeth 32 rotate in the opposite direction and press into the rebound groove 34, and cannot drive the protective shell 6 to move. At the same time, the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 and the worm wheel 40 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 slowly retracts into the insertion rod 4. The protective shell 6 slowly closes under the action of the first spring 7, and then the insertion rod 4 is pulled out to complete the detection.

[0151] Furthermore, the optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an anti-collision mechanism;

[0152] The anti-collision mechanism includes a rotating ball 25 and a second spring 26. The rotating ball 25 is rotatably connected to the end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40. The sensor 24 is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating ball 25. The end of the extension block 23 away from the worm gear 40 is provided with a movable groove 27. The second spring 26 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove 27.

[0153] The method further comprises:

[0154] S7: When the sensor 24 extends from the extension slot 28 and extends into the rod 4, the sensor 24 rotates. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor 24 encounters the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, so that the sensor 24 drives the rotating ball 25 to rotate in the extension block 23, so that the sensor 24 is pressed against the second spring 26 in the movable slot 27, so that the second spring 26 is compressed, and then detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extension block 23 of the unfolding mechanism starts to rotate and recover, driving the sensor 24 to rotate and recover. After the sensor 24 leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring 26 rebounds to generate a force to make the sensor 24 in the normal center position, and the recovery is completed.

[0155] The fourth embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for detecting roof separation in a mine, comprising the following steps:

[0156] Step 1: During the detection of the top floor of the mine, insert the wire 3 into the intrinsically safe power supply to power on the display unit 2, and then extend the insertion rod 4 into the hole drilled in advance;

[0157] Step 2: Start the motor 1, and drive the transmission rod 5 to rotate through the motor 1. The rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to move to both ends, pass through the insertion rod 4, and directly insert into the inner wall of the hole to fix the device in the inner wall of the hole;

[0158] Step 3: The rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate first, the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 causes the first gear 14 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate, the rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17 to rotate, the rotation of the second rotating rod 17 drives the third bevel gear 18 to rotate, the rotation of the third bevel gear 18 drives the fourth bevel gear 19 to rotate, the rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate, the rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet teeth 32 to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet teeth 32 brings about the movement of the moving bar 8, thereby driving the protective shell 6 to move upward, and then the movement of the protective shell 6 causes the first spring 7 to start to retract, completing the shell opening operation;

[0159] Step 4: The rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate first, and then the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 to rotate, and the worm 16 drives the worm wheel 40 to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 contacts the inner wall of the hole to complete the detection; in the process of the extension block 23 driving the sensor 24 to rotate, the inner wall of the hole is uneven, and the sensor 24 touches the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating ball 25 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 rotates toward the second spring 26, so that the second spring 26 retracts;

[0160] Step 5: After the detection is completed, the motor 1 is started, and the transmission rod 5 is driven by the motor 1 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first bevel gear 12 drives the second bevel gear 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the transmission rod 5 also drives the third gear 21 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third gear 21 drives the moving rack 22 to retract and move inward until it extends into the rod 4. However, the reverse rotation of the second bevel gear 13 drives the fourth rotating rod 30 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the fourth rotating rod 30 causes the first gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first gear 14 drives the second gear 15 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the second gear 15 drives the second rotating rod 17 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the second rotating rod 17 drives the third bevel gear 18 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the wheel 18 drives the fourth bevel gear 19 to rotate reversely, and the reverse rotation of the fourth bevel gear 19 drives the third rotating rod 20 to rotate reversely. The reverse rotation of the third rotating rod 20 drives the ratchet 9 to rotate reversely. The reverse rotation of the ratchet 9 drives the ratchet teeth 32 to rotate reversely, so that the ratchet teeth 32 rotate reversely to press into the rebound groove 34, and cannot drive the protective shell 6 to move. At the same time, the fourth rotating rod 30 drives the worm 16 to rotate reversely, and the worm 16 drives the worm wheel 40 to rotate reversely. The reverse rotation of the worm wheel 40 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate reversely. The reverse rotation of the first rotating rod 10 drives the extension block 23 to rotate. The reverse rotation of the extension block 23 drives the sensor 24 to rotate, so that the sensor 24 slowly retracts into the insertion rod 4, and the protective shell 6 slowly closes under the action of the first spring 7, and then the insertion rod 4 is pulled out to complete the detection.

[0161] The disclosed embodiment allows the sensor to better contact the inner wall of the hole, avoiding the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the sensor not having a closer contact with the hole, which is beneficial to improving the detection accuracy of the equipment. By setting up a fixing mechanism, when detecting the top floor of the mine, the movable rack can be inserted into the inner wall of the hole to fix the equipment, avoiding the problem of the equipment slipping due to lack of human support when the equipment is inserted into the hole for measurement, which is beneficial to improving the detection stability of the equipment. It can also avoid the problem of the material inside the hole damaging the sensor when the equipment is inserted into the hole, thereby enhancing the sealing of the equipment and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0162] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A mine optical fiber roof separation sensor, characterized in that: include: A motor (1) and an extension rod (4), wherein the extension rod (4) is provided with an extension slot (28), and a power mechanism, a connection mechanism and an unfolding mechanism are provided inside the extension rod (4); The power mechanism comprises a transmission rod (5), a first bevel gear (12) arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod (5), and a second bevel gear (13), the second bevel gear (13) and the first bevel gear (12) being meshed, and the transmission rod (5) is installed in a slot hole of the insertion rod (4); The connecting mechanism comprises a fourth rotating rod (30) and a worm (16), one end of the fourth rotating rod (30) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (13), and the worm (16) is sleeved or fixedly connected to the other end of the fourth rotating rod (30); The unfolding mechanism comprises a worm wheel (40), a protruding block (23) and a first rotating rod (10), wherein the worm wheel (40) and the protruding block (23) are fixed on the first rotating rod (10), and the first rotating rod (10) passes through the center of the worm wheel (40) and one end of the protruding block (23), the worm wheel (40) and the worm (16) are meshed, and both ends of the first rotating rod (10) are fixed on bearings in the extending rod 4, and a sensor (24) is connected to the protruding block (23); The motor (1) is connected to one end of the transmission rod (5). During detection, the insertion rod (4) is inserted into a hole drilled in advance. When the motor (1) is started, it can drive the transmission rod (5) to rotate, thereby driving the first bevel gear (12), the second bevel gear (13), the fourth rotating rod (30), the worm (16), and the worm wheel (40) to rotate in sequence. The rotation of the worm wheel (40) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating rod (10) drives the extension block (23) to rotate. The rotation of the extension block (23) drives the sensor (24) to rotate, so that the sensor (24) extends from the extension slot (28) to the insertion rod (4) and contacts the inner wall of the hole, thereby completing the detection.

2. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism; The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod (4), and comprises a third gear (21) and a movable rack (22); The third gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod 5, and movable racks (22) are provided on both sides of the third gear (21) and mesh with the third gear (21); When the transmission rod (5) rotates, it drives the third gear (21) to rotate. The rotation of the third gear (21) drives the movable rack (22) to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod (4) and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

3. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism and a rotating mechanism; The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the insertion rod (4), and comprises a ratchet (9), a moving bar (8), a first spring (7), a protective shell (6), and ratchet teeth (32); a plurality of ratchet teeth (32) are installed on the outer side of the ratchet (9) in a circular array with the center of the ratchet (9) as the origin, one end of the ratchet teeth (32) is meshedly connected with the moving bar (8), one end of the moving bar (8) is fixedly installed with the protective shell (6), and the top end of the protective shell (6) is fixedly installed with the first spring (7); The connecting mechanism further comprises a first gear (14), and the first gear (14) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod (30); The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and comprises a second gear (15), a second rotating rod (17), a third bevel gear (18), a fourth bevel gear (19) and a third rotating rod (20); the second gear (15) is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear (14), the second rotating rod (17) is fixedly mounted on the side of the second gear (15), the third bevel gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the second rotating rod (17), one side of the third bevel gear (18) is meshedly connected to the fourth bevel gear (19), one side of the fourth bevel gear (19) is fixedly mounted with the third rotating rod (20), and the other end of the third rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet (9); When the transmission rod (5) rotates, it drives the second bevel gear (13) to rotate, causing the fourth rotating rod (30) to rotate, thereby driving the first gear (14) to rotate. The rotation of the first gear (14) drives the rotating mechanism to work, and in turn drives the second gear (15), the second rotating rod (17), the third bevel gear (18), the fourth bevel gear (19), and the third rotating rod (20) to rotate, so that the rotation of the third rotating rod (20) drives the shell opening mechanism to work, including the rotation of the third rotating rod (20) drives the ratchet (9) to rotate, the rotation of the ratchet (9) drives the ratchet teeth (32) to rotate, and the rotation of the ratchet teeth (32) drives the movement of the moving bar (8), thereby driving the protective shell (6) to translate, so that the first spring (7) begins to contract under the pressure of the protective shell (6), thereby opening the shell opening mechanism when the unfolding mechanism works.

4. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the ratchet (9) is provided with a rebound groove (34), the rebound groove (34) corresponds to the position and number of the ratchet teeth (32), a third spring (33) is fixedly installed inside the rebound groove (34), and one end of the third spring (33) away from the rebound groove (34) is fixedly installed on the ratchet teeth (32); After the detection is completed, the transmission rod (5) is rotated in the reverse direction through the motor (1), driving the second bevel gear (13) to rotate in the reverse direction, and then cooperating with the connecting mechanism to drive the first gear (14) to rotate in the reverse direction. The reverse rotation of the first gear (14) drives the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the third rotating rod (20) to rotate in the reverse direction. The reverse rotation of the third rotating rod (20) drives the ratchet (9) to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the ratchet (32) is pressed downward into the rebound groove (34) when rotating in the reverse direction, pressing the third spring (33), thereby failing to drive the moving bar (8) to move. In the process of retracting in cooperation with the unfolding mechanism, the protective shell (6) slowly moves downward under the rebound force of the first spring (7) until it is completely closed.

5. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is formed at one end of the fourth rotating rod (30) sleeved with the worm (16), a blocking block (31) is fixedly installed in the groove, a sliding ball (29) is slidably installed in the groove formed in the fourth rotating rod (30), and one end of the sliding ball (29) is fixedly installed on the worm (16); When the fourth rotating rod (30) rotates, the blocking block (31) is driven to rotate. After rotating half a circle, the blocking block (31) drives the sliding ball (29) to rotate, thereby driving the worm (16) to rotate.

6. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an anti-collision mechanism; The anti-collision mechanism comprises a rotating ball (25) and a second spring (26); the rotating ball (25) is rotatably connected to one end of the extension block (23) away from the worm gear (40); the sensor (24) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating ball (25); a movable groove (27) is formed at one end of the extension block (23) away from the worm gear (40); and the second spring (26) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove (27); When detecting at the top of a mine, the motor (1) is turned on to drive the power mechanism, the shell opening mechanism and the rotating mechanism to work, thereby driving the sensor (24) to rotate. When the inner wall of the hole is uneven, the sensor (24) encounters a protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, so that the sensor (24) drives the rotating ball (25) to rotate in the extension block (23), so that the sensor (24) is pressed against the second spring (26) in the movable groove (27), so that the second spring (26) is compressed, and then detection begins. After the detection is completed, the extension block (23) of the expansion mechanism starts to rotate and recover, driving the sensor (24) to rotate and recover. After the sensor (24) leaves the protruding material on the inner wall of the hole, the second spring (26) rebounds to generate a force to make the sensor (24) return to the normal center position, and recovery is completed.

7. The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes an external display unit (2) and an electric wire (3); The display external unit (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the motor (1), a wire (3) is fixedly mounted on one side of the display external unit (2), and an insertion rod (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the display external unit (2).

8. A method for detecting roof separation in a mine, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following steps: S1: During the detection of the top floor of a mine, the insertion rod (4) is inserted into a hole drilled in advance; S2: Start the motor (1), and drive the transmission rod (5) to rotate through the motor (1), and the rotation of the transmission rod (5) drives the first bevel gear (12) to rotate, and the rotation of the first bevel gear (12) drives the second bevel gear (13), and the rotation of the second bevel gear (13) drives the fourth rotating rod (30) to rotate first, and the fourth rotating rod (30) drives the worm (16) to rotate, and the worm (16) drives the worm wheel (40) to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel (40) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate, and the rotation of the first rotating rod (10) drives the extension block (23) to rotate, and the rotation of the extension block (23) drives the sensor (24) to rotate, so that the sensor (24) extends from the extension slot (28) to the extension rod (4), and contacts the inner wall of the hole, thereby completing the detection.

9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a fixing mechanism; The fixing mechanism is arranged in the extension rod (4), and comprises a third gear (21) and a movable rack (22); The third gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transmission rod (5), and movable racks (22) are provided on both sides of the third gear (21) and mesh with the third gear (21); The method further comprises: S3: When the transmission rod (5) rotates, it drives the third gear (21) to rotate. The rotation of the third gear (21) drives the movable rack (22) to move to both ends, and then passes through the insertion rod (4) and is inserted into the inner wall of the hole, thereby fixing the device.

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The optical fiber roof separation sensor for mining also includes a shell opening mechanism, a rotating mechanism and an anti-collision mechanism; The shell opening mechanism is arranged in the insertion rod (4), and comprises a ratchet (9), a moving bar (8), a first spring (7), a protective shell (6), and ratchet teeth (32); a plurality of ratchet teeth (32) are installed on the outer side of the ratchet (9) in a circular array with the center of the ratchet (9) as the origin, one end of the ratchet teeth (32) is meshedly connected with the moving bar (8), one end of the moving bar (8) is fixedly installed with the protective shell (6), and the top end of the protective shell (6) is fixedly installed with the first spring (7); The connecting mechanism further comprises a first gear (14), and the first gear (14) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the fourth rotating rod (30); The rotating mechanism is arranged in the extension rod 4, and comprises a second gear (15), a second rotating rod (17), a third bevel gear (18), a fourth bevel gear (19) and a third rotating rod (20); the second gear (15) is meshedly connected to one side of the first gear (14), the second rotating rod (17) is fixedly mounted on the side of the second gear (15), the third bevel gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the second rotating rod (17), one side of the third bevel gear (18) is meshedly connected to the fourth bevel gear (19), one side of the fourth bevel gear (19) is fixedly mounted with the third rotating rod (20), and the other end of the third rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to the center of the ratchet (9); The anti-collision mechanism comprises a rotating ball (25) and a second spring (26); the rotating ball (25) is rotatably connected to one end of the extension block (23) away from the worm gear (40); the sensor (24) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating ball (25); a movable groove (27) is formed at one end of the extension block (23) away from the worm gear (40); and the second spring (26) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove (27); The method further comprises: S4: When the sensor (24) extends from the extension slot (28) into the extension rod (4), the first gear (14) is driven to rotate by the rotation of the fourth rotating rod (30), and the rotation of the first gear (14) drives the second gear (15) to rotate. The rotation of the second gear (15) drives the second rotating rod (17), the third bevel gear (18), the fourth bevel gear (19), the third rotating rod (20), and the ratchet (9) to rotate in sequence. The rotation of the ratchet (9) drives the ratchet teeth (32) to rotate. The rotation of the ratchet teeth (32) causes the moving bar (8) to move, thereby driving the protective shell (6) to move upward. Then, the movement of the protective shell (6) causes the first spring (7) to start to retract, completing the shell opening operation. S5: When the extension block (23) rotates and drives the sensor (24) to rotate, the sensor (24) encounters an uneven protrusion on the inner wall of the hole, and the sensor (24) touches the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating ball (25) to rotate, so that the sensor (24) rotates toward the second spring (26), causing the second spring (26) to retract; S6: After the detection is completed, the motor (1) is started, and the motor (1) drives the transmission rod (5) to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the transmission rod (5) drives the first bevel gear (12) and the second bevel gear (13) to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the transmission rod (5) also drives the third gear (21) to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the third gear (21) drives the moving rack (22) to move inwardly into the extension rod (4). The reverse rotation of the second bevel gear (13) drives the fourth rotating rod (30), the first gear (14), the second gear (15), the second rotating rod (17), the third bevel gear (18), the fourth bevel gear (19), the third rotating rod (2 0), the ratchet wheel (9) and the ratchet teeth (32) rotate in the opposite direction, so that the ratchet teeth (32) rotate in the opposite direction to press into the rebound groove (34), and cannot drive the protective shell (6) to move. At the same time, the fourth rotating rod (30) drives the worm (16) and the worm wheel (40) to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the worm wheel (40) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the first rotating rod (10) drives the extension block (23) to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the extension block (23) drives the sensor (24) to rotate, so that the sensor (24) slowly retracts into the insertion rod (4). The protective shell (6) slowly closes under the action of the first spring (7), and then the insertion rod (4) is pulled out to complete the detection.

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