Clamping device for tensile detection of metal material

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping device for tensile detection of a metal material, and aims to solve many problems of a traditional clamping device during high-temperature detection. Comprising a base, a first piston cylinder, a second piston cylinder, a clamping plate and a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is hinged with a plurality of rotating rods and clamping jaws and is provided with a driving, fixing and cooling mechanism. The driving mechanism accurately controls the clamping jaw to act through a motor and a gear. The fixing mechanism fixes the angle of the clamping jaw through thermal expansion of the phase-change material. The cooling mechanism comprises a pipeline, an oil pump and a circuit breaking mechanism and achieves lubricating oil circulating cooling and pin shaft lubricating. All the mechanisms work cooperatively, stable clamping, accurate action and effective cooling and lubricating at high temperature are ensured, the detection precision and reliability are improved, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the device is particularly suitable for tensile detection of high-temperature metal materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal strength detection, and in particular to a clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials. Background Art

[0002] Measuring the tensile strength of metals at high temperatures is a critical task. In many advanced industrial fields today, such as aerospace, the internal parts of aircraft engines operate in high temperature environments for a long time, bearing huge tension and pressure; in the thermal power generation equipment in the energy field, the key metal parts also continue to work under high temperature conditions. Understanding the tensile strength performance of metal materials at high temperatures is crucial to accurately evaluate the reliability and safety of these materials in practical applications.

[0003] Traditional tensile testing clamping devices are generally composed of jaws, driving mechanisms, bases, and some connecting and transmission components. However, once such traditional clamping devices are applied to the tensile testing of high-temperature metals, a series of significant shortcomings will be exposed. First, the material and structure of the jaws are prone to thermal deformation in a high-temperature environment. This will not only cause changes in the contact area and clamping force between the jaws and the metal sample, but also cause uneven distribution of the clamping force, which will seriously affect the precision and accuracy of the measurement. Secondly, high temperature will have an adverse effect on the driving mechanism, such as making the thermal expansion coefficient of the transmission parts inconsistent, resulting in changes in the matching clearance, a significant reduction in transmission accuracy, and difficulty in ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the action. Furthermore, the lubrication effect of traditional devices at high temperatures will deteriorate significantly, and the lubricating oil may deteriorate, evaporate or lose due to high temperature, resulting in increased friction between moving parts, prone to jamming, and accelerated wear of parts, greatly shortening the service life of the device. In addition, since traditional devices lack effective cooling measures, the temperature of the entire device will continue to rise in a long-term high-temperature environment, making it difficult to maintain a stable working state. This not only affects the reliability of the measurement results, but may also cause equipment failures, increasing maintenance costs and detection time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials to solve many key problems faced by traditional clamping devices when measuring the tensile strength of high-temperature metals, such as deformation of the jaws, reduced driving accuracy, lubrication failure and insufficient cooling.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials, comprising a base and a first piston cylinder and a second piston cylinder arranged on the base, the first piston cylinder is connected to a first clamping plate through a first piston, the second piston cylinder is connected to a second clamping plate through a second piston, the base is also provided with a side wall, the side wall is provided with a top plate, the top plate is provided with a cylinder, the outer end of the cylinder shaft of the cylinder is fixed with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is hinged with a first rotating rod, a second rotating rod, a third rotating rod and a fourth rotating rod, one end of the first rotating rod is hinged to the mounting plate, the other end of the first rotating rod is hinged to the end of the first clamping claw; the second rotating rod One end is also hinged to the mounting plate, and the other end of the second rotating rod is hinged to the end of the second clamping jaw; one end of the third rotating rod is hinged to the mounting plate, and the other end of the third rotating rod is hinged to the first clamping jaw; one end of the fourth rotating rod is hinged to the mounting plate, and the other end of the fourth rotating rod is hinged to the second clamping jaw; a driving mechanism for driving the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw is also provided on the mounting plate; the clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials also includes a fixing mechanism and a cooling mechanism; the fixing mechanism is used to maintain the relative position of the clamping jaws, and the cooling mechanism is used to cool the rotating rod and the clamping jaws.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment, a cavity is provided inside the cylinder shaft, and the driving mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear and a motor arranged in the cavity, and the outer end of the motor shaft of the motor is provided with a threaded section; the first gear and the second gear are both matched with the threaded section; the first gear is fixedly mounted on the end of the first rotating rod close to the mounting plate, and the second gear is fixedly mounted on the end of the second rotating rod close to the mounting plate; when the motor shaft rotates, the first clamp and the second clamp clamp the metal material through the first gear and the second gear.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, a chamber is provided in the end of the second clamping jaw away from the second rotating rod, and the fixing mechanism includes a movable plate and a phase change material arranged in the chamber, a movable rod is provided on the movable plate, and an opening matching the movable rod is provided on the fourth rotating rod; after the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw clamp the high-temperature metal material, the high temperature causes the phase change material to expand due to heat, so that the movable rod is inserted into the opening, thereby fixing the relative angle between the second clamping jaw and the fourth rotating rod and maintaining the relative position of the second clamping jaw.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, the chamber, phase change material, movable plate, movable rod, and opening are combined into a first fixed unit; based on the axis of the motor shaft, a second fixed unit that is mirror-symmetrical to the first fixed unit is also provided between the first clamp and the third rotating rod.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the end of the moving rod away from the moving plate is provided with an internally hollow rod head, and the cooling mechanism includes an opening arranged on the outer wall of the rod head; the cooling mechanism also includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline which are connected in sequence, the first pipeline and the fifth pipeline are both arranged inside the second clamping jaw, the second pipeline is arranged inside the fourth rotating rod, the third pipeline is arranged inside the mounting plate, and the fourth pipeline is arranged inside the second rotating rod; the cooling mechanism also includes an oil pumping mechanism arranged on the side wall, and the oil pumping mechanism is connected to an oil outlet pipe The oil inlet pipe is connected to the oil outlet pipe and is connected to an end of the first pipeline away from the second pipeline, and the oil inlet pipe is connected to an end of the fifth pipeline away from the fourth pipeline; the lubricating oil enters the first pipeline from the oil outlet pipe, passes through the second pipeline, the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline, and the fifth pipeline, and then flows into the oil pumping mechanism from the oil inlet pipe; a circuit breaker mechanism for cutting off the flow path of the lubricating oil is provided in the second pipeline; lubricating mechanisms are provided at the hinges of the second clamping jaw and the fourth rotating rod, the hinges of the fourth rotating rod and the mounting plate, the hinges of the mounting plate and the second rotating rod, and the hinges of the second rotating rod and the second clamping jaw.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the articulation methods are all pin articulations, the second clamping jaw and the fourth rotating rod are articulated through the first pin, the fourth rotating rod and the mounting plate are articulated through the second pin, the mounting plate and the second rotating rod are articulated through the third pin, and the second rotating rod and the second clamping jaw are articulated through the fourth pin; the lubrication mechanism includes a lubrication hole and an oil delivery hole, the first pin, the second pin, the third pin and the fourth pin are all provided with the lubrication hole and the oil delivery hole, the oil delivery hole is arranged in the middle of each pin, the lubrication hole is arranged on both sides of the oil delivery hole, and the lubrication hole and the oil delivery hole are connected to each other.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the oil pumping mechanism includes a fixed box fixed on the side wall, the fixed box is provided with a slot at one end close to the cylinder shaft, the cylinder shaft is provided with a sliding rod extending into the fixed box, the fixed box is provided with a wedge block and a spring, one end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box, and the other end of the spring is connected to the wedge block; when the spring is in an initial state, the wedge block divides the interior of the fixed box into a left chamber and a right chamber, the left chamber is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the right chamber is connected to the oil outlet pipe; when the cylinder shaft moves, it can drive the sliding rod to push the wedge block to move inside the fixed box, thereby changing the volume of the left chamber and the right chamber, and realizing the flow of oil in the pipeline.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the circuit breaker mechanism includes a groove connected to the second pipeline, and a circuit breaker block is provided in the groove. Under the action of gravity, the circuit breaker block detaches from the groove, closes the second pipeline, and cuts off the flow circuit of the lubricating oil.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the rod head, the opening, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline, the fifth pipeline, the oil outlet pipe and the oil inlet pipe are combined into a first cooling unit, and a second cooling unit that is mirror-symmetrical to the first cooling unit is provided with the axis of the motor shaft as a reference; the lubrication hole, the oil delivery hole, the first pin shaft, the second pin shaft, the third pin shaft and the fourth pin shaft are combined into a first lubrication unit, and a second lubrication unit that is mirror-symmetrical to the first lubrication unit is provided with the axis of the motor shaft as a reference; the circuit breaker block and the groove are combined into a first circuit breaker unit, and a second circuit breaker unit that is mirror-symmetrical to the first circuit breaker unit is provided with the axis of the motor shaft as a reference; the fixed box, the slot, the sliding rod, the wedge block and the spring are combined into a first oil pump unit, and a second oil pump unit that is mirror-symmetrical to the first oil pump unit is provided with the axis of the motor shaft as a reference.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the phase change material is paraffin.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials of the present invention, firstly, the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder cooperate with the corresponding clamping plate to provide a stable basic support for the clamping jaws, ensuring the stability of the entire device during the clamping process. The multiple rotating rods hinged on the mounting plate are connected to the clamping jaws. This connection method increases the flexibility and adaptability of the clamping and can better cope with metal materials of different shapes and sizes. The driving mechanism can accurately control the movement of the clamping jaws to achieve accurate clamping of the metal material. The fixing mechanism can maintain the relative position of the clamping jaws, effectively preventing the clamping angle from changing due to factors such as thermal deformation in a high temperature environment, and ensuring the reliability of the clamping. The cooling mechanism can efficiently cool the rotating rod and the clamping jaws, avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the device, and ensure long-term stable operation. The synergistic effect of these structures and mechanisms significantly improves the accuracy, stability and durability of the clamping device in the tensile testing of high-temperature metal materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device of the present invention, which is intended to show the driving mechanism; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the clamping device of the present invention in an initial state; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping device of the present invention in a clamping state; Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A is intended to show the structure of the cooling mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism of the clamping device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the moving rod and the rod head of the clamping device of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cooling mechanism and an oil pumping mechanism of the clamping device of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of lubricating oil flowing from the second clamping jaw to the fourth rotating rod; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of lubricating oil flowing from the fourth rotating rod to the mounting plate; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil flowing from the mounting plate to the second rotating rod; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of lubricating oil flowing from the second rotating rod to the second clamping jaw.

[0017] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the pin structure of the present invention.

[0018] The reference numerals represent: 10, base, 11, side wall, 12, top plate, 13, cylinder, 131, cylinder shaft, 132, sliding rod, 14, first piston cylinder, 15, second piston cylinder, 16, second clamping plate, 17, first clamping plate, 20, motor, 201, motor shaft, 21, mounting plate, 22, first gear, 23, second gear, 24, first rotating rod, 25, first clamping claw, 26, third rotating rod, 27, second rotating rod, 28, second clamping claw, 29, fourth rotating rod, 291, circuit breaker, 30, phase change material, 31, moving plate, 32, moving rod, 33, rod head, 331, opening, 40, fixed box, 41, wedge block, 42, spring, 43, oil outlet pipe, 44, oil inlet pipe, 45, first pipeline, 46, second pipeline, 47, third pipeline, 48, fourth pipeline, 49, fifth pipeline, 50, first pin, 51, second pin, 52, third pin, 53, fourth pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The schematic implementation mode of the present invention and its description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual research and development stage.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0021] Traditional tensile testing clamping devices usually include jaws, drive mechanisms, bases, and some connecting and transmission components. However, when used for high-temperature metal testing, the disadvantages are obvious. The jaws are easily deformed by heat at high temperatures, which changes the contact area and clamping force with the metal sample, causing uneven distribution, which seriously affects the measurement accuracy. High temperatures are not good for the drive mechanism, such as causing inconsistent thermal expansion coefficients of transmission parts, changes in matching clearances, reduced transmission accuracy, and difficulty in ensuring movement accuracy and consistency. Lubrication deteriorates at high temperatures, lubricating oil deteriorates, evaporates or runs off, friction increases, and it is easy to get stuck, accelerate wear, and shorten life. In addition, traditional devices lack effective cooling, and the temperature continues to rise at high temperatures for a long time, making it difficult to work stably, affecting measurement reliability, and may also cause failures, increasing maintenance costs and detection time.

[0022] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1The present embodiment provides a clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials, including a base 10 and a first piston cylinder 14 and a second piston cylinder 15 arranged on the base 10, the first piston cylinder 14 is connected to a first clamping plate 17 through a first piston, and the second piston cylinder 15 is connected to a second clamping plate 16 through a second piston, the base 10 is also provided with a side wall 11, the side wall 11 is provided with a top plate 12, the top plate 12 is provided with a cylinder 13, the outer end of the cylinder shaft 131 of the cylinder 13 is fixed with a mounting plate 21, the mounting plate 21 is hinged with a first rotating rod 24, a second rotating rod 27, a third rotating rod 26 and a fourth rotating rod 29, one end of the first rotating rod 24 is hinged to the mounting plate 21, and the other end of the first rotating rod 24 is hinged to the mounting plate 21. The end of the first clamping jaw 25 is hinged to the end; one end of the second rotating rod 27 is also hinged to the mounting plate 21, and the other end of the second rotating rod 27 is hinged to the end of the second clamping jaw 28; one end of the third rotating rod 26 is hinged to the mounting plate 21, and the other end of the third rotating rod 26 is hinged to the first clamping jaw 25; one end of the fourth rotating rod 29 is hinged to the mounting plate 21, and the other end of the fourth rotating rod 29 is hinged to the second clamping jaw 28; a driving mechanism for driving the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 is also provided on the mounting plate 21; a clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials also includes a fixing mechanism and a cooling mechanism; the fixing mechanism is used to maintain the relative position of the clamping jaws, and the cooling mechanism is used to cool the rotating rod and the clamping jaws.

[0023] This solution aims to solve the problems of deformation of the jaws, failure of lubrication, unstable clamping angle and lack of effective cooling in the traditional metal material tensile test clamping device when dealing with high-temperature metal testing. The first piston cylinder 14 and the second piston cylinder 15 on the base 10 are connected to the first clamping plate 17 and the second clamping plate 16 respectively through the piston to provide basic support and preliminary positioning for the metal material. The cylinder 13 on the top plate 12 drives the mounting plate 21 fixed at the outer end of the cylinder shaft 131 to move, and the first rotating rod 24, the second rotating rod 27, the third rotating rod 26 and the fourth rotating rod 29 hinged on the mounting plate 21 are respectively connected to the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 to form a flexible clamping structure. The driving mechanism on the mounting plate 21 drives the jaws to move, the fixing mechanism maintains the relative position of the jaws, and the cooling mechanism cools the rotating rod and the jaws. In practical applications, this design can provide a stable and reliable clamping force, adapt to metal materials of different shapes and sizes, especially in high temperature environments, effectively prevent the deformation and angle change of the jaws, ensure the cooling and lubrication effects, thereby improving the accuracy of detection and the durability of the device.

[0024] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4A cavity is provided inside the cylinder shaft 131, and the driving mechanism includes a first gear 22, a second gear 23 and a motor 20 provided in the cavity, and a threaded section is provided at the outer end of the motor shaft 201 of the motor 20; the first gear 22 and the second gear 23 are both matched with the threaded section; the first gear 22 is fixedly mounted on the end of the first rotating rod 24 close to the mounting plate 21, and the second gear 23 is fixedly mounted on the end of the second rotating rod 27 close to the mounting plate 21; when the motor shaft 201 rotates, the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 clamp the metal material through the first gear 22 and the second gear 23.

[0025] The motor 20 is placed in the inner cavity of the cylinder shaft 131, and the threaded section at the outer end of the motor shaft 201 matches the first gear 22 and the second gear 23. When the motor shaft 201 rotates, the threaded section drives the first gear 22 and the second gear 23 to rotate, so that the first rotating rod 24 and the second rotating rod 27 move, and then drive the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 to clamp the metal material. In practical applications, this driving method can provide accurate and stable clamping force, ensure that the clamping action of the clamping jaw on the metal material is accurate, and improve the reliability and accuracy of detection.

[0026] In this embodiment, a chamber is provided in the end of the second clamping jaw 28 away from the second rotating rod 27, and the fixing mechanism includes a movable plate 31 and a phase change material 30 arranged in the chamber, a movable rod 32 is provided on the movable plate 31, and an opening matching the movable rod 32 is provided on the fourth rotating rod 29; after the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 clamp the metal material, the phase change material 30 expands due to heat, causing the movable rod 32 to be inserted into the opening, thereby fixing the relative angle between the second clamping jaw 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29, and maintaining the relative position of the second clamping jaw 28.

[0027] A chamber is provided in the end of the second clamping jaw 28 away from the second rotating rod 27, in which the phase change material 30 expands after the metal material clamped by the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 is heated. The expanded phase change material 30 pushes the moving plate 31, so that the moving rod 32 is inserted into the opening on the fourth rotating rod 29, thereby fixing the relative angle between the second clamping jaw 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29, and keeping the relative position of the second clamping jaw 28 unchanged. The clamping angle change caused by thermal deformation and other reasons at high temperature is effectively prevented, the stability and reliability of clamping are guaranteed, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

[0028] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12The end of the moving rod 32 away from the moving plate 31 is provided with an internally hollow rod head 33, and the cooling mechanism includes an opening 331 provided on the outer wall of the rod head 33; the cooling mechanism also includes a first pipeline 45, a second pipeline 46, a third pipeline 47, a fourth pipeline 48 and a fifth pipeline 49 which are connected in sequence, the first pipeline 45 and the fifth pipeline 49 are both provided inside the second clamping jaw 28, the second pipeline 46 is provided inside the fourth rotating rod 29, the third pipeline 47 is provided inside the mounting plate 21, and the fourth pipeline 48 is provided inside the second rotating rod 27; the cooling mechanism also includes an oil pumping mechanism provided on the side wall 11, and the oil pumping mechanism is connected to an oil outlet pipe 43 and an oil inlet pipe 44, and the outlet pipe 43 and the oil inlet pipe 44 are connected to the oil pumping mechanism. The oil pipe 43 is connected to one end of the first pipeline 45 away from the second pipeline 46, and the oil inlet pipe 44 is connected to one end of the fifth pipeline 49 away from the fourth pipeline 48; the lubricating oil enters the first pipeline 45 from the oil outlet pipe 43, passes through the second pipeline 46, the third pipeline 47, the fourth pipeline 48, and the fifth pipeline 49, and then flows into the oil pumping mechanism from the oil inlet pipe 44; a circuit breaker mechanism for cutting off the flow path of the lubricating oil is provided in the second pipeline 46; lubricating mechanisms are provided at the hinge of the second clamping jaw 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29, the hinge of the fourth rotating rod 29 and the mounting plate 21, the hinge of the mounting plate 21 and the second rotating rod 27, and the hinge of the second rotating rod 27 and the second clamping jaw 28.

[0029] This solution focuses on solving the problem of effective cooling and lubrication and oil circuit control. The opening 331 on the outer wall of the hollow rod head 33 at the end of the movable rod 32 forms a cooling oil circulation channel with the first to fifth pipelines 49 connected in sequence. The pipelines are connected through the oil outlet pipe 43 and the oil inlet pipe 44 to promote the flow of lubricating oil. The circuit breaker mechanism in the second pipeline 46 is used to control the flow path of the lubricating oil. The lubricating mechanism set at the hinge ensures that the pin shaft is fully lubricated. The cooling mechanism can effectively reduce the temperature of the clamping jaws and the rotating rod, the lubricating mechanism reduces the wear of the components, and the circuit breaker mechanism can control the oil circuit as needed, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device in a high temperature environment, extending the service life, and improving the detection accuracy.

[0030] The hinged connection methods described above are all pin hinged connection. The second clamping jaw 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29 are hinged through the first pin 50, the fourth rotating rod 29 and the mounting plate 21 are hinged through the second pin 51, the mounting plate 21 and the second rotating rod 27 are hinged through the third pin 52, and the second rotating rod 27 and the second clamping jaw 28 are hinged through the fourth pin 53; the lubrication mechanism includes a lubrication hole and an oil delivery hole. The first pin 50, the second pin 51, the third pin 52 and the fourth pin 53 are all provided with a lubrication hole and an oil delivery hole. The oil delivery hole is arranged in the middle of each pin, and the lubrication hole is arranged on both sides of the oil delivery hole. The lubrication hole and the oil delivery hole are connected to each other.

[0031] The second clamping jaw 28 and the fourth rotating rod 29, the fourth rotating rod 29 and the mounting plate 21, the mounting plate 21 and the second rotating rod 27, and the second rotating rod 27 and the second clamping jaw 28 are all hinged by pins. An oil delivery hole is provided in the middle of each pin, and lubrication holes connected to the oil delivery hole are provided on both sides. The lubricating oil fully lubricates the hinged part through the oil delivery hole and the lubrication hole, ensuring the smooth rotation of the hinge, reducing friction and wear, and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the device.

[0032] like Figure 7 The oil pumping mechanism includes a fixed box 40 fixed on the side wall 11, and a slot is provided at one end of the fixed box 40 close to the cylinder shaft 131. A sliding rod 132 extending into the fixed box 40 is provided on the cylinder shaft 131. A wedge block 41 and a spring 42 are provided inside the fixed box 40. One end of the spring 42 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 40, and the other end of the spring 42 is connected to the wedge block 41; when the spring 42 is in an initial state, the wedge block 41 divides the interior of the fixed box 40 into a left chamber and a right chamber, the left chamber is connected to the oil inlet pipe 44, and the right chamber is connected to the oil outlet pipe 43; when the cylinder shaft 131 moves, it can drive the sliding rod 132 to push the wedge block 41 to move inside the fixed box 40, thereby changing the volume of the left chamber and the right chamber, and realizing the flow of oil in the pipeline.

[0033] The fixed box 40 is fixed on the side wall 11, and the wedge block 41 inside is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 40 through the spring 42. When the cylinder shaft 131 moves, the sliding rod 132 thereon pushes the wedge block 41 to move, changing the volume of the left and right chambers in the fixed box 40. In the initial state, the wedge block 41 divides the interior of the fixed box 40 into a left chamber and a right chamber, which are connected to the oil inlet pipe 44 and the oil outlet pipe 43 respectively. The movement of the cylinder shaft 131 realizes the flow of oil in the pipeline, ensuring the normal operation of the device.

[0034] like Figure 5 The circuit breaker mechanism includes a groove connected to the second pipeline 46, and a circuit breaker block 291 is arranged in the groove. Under the action of gravity, the circuit breaker block 291 is separated from the groove, closing the second pipeline 46 and cutting off the flow circuit of the lubricating oil.

[0035] A circuit breaker block 291 is placed in the groove connected to the second pipeline 46. Under the action of gravity, the circuit breaker block 291 is separated from the groove, closing the second pipeline 46, thereby cutting off the flow circuit of the lubricating oil. The flow path of the lubricating oil can be flexibly controlled, and the lubrication and cooling of a specific pipeline can be stopped or started as needed, thereby improving the controllability and energy saving of the device.

[0036] In this embodiment, the phase change material 30 is paraffin. Paraffin has a suitable phase change temperature and phase change latent heat, and can reliably expand after the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28 clamp the metal material and heat it, thereby achieving the function of fixing the relative angle of the clamping jaws. In practical applications, paraffin has a low cost and stable performance, and can meet the working requirements of the clamping device in a high temperature environment, ensuring the stability and accuracy of clamping.

[0037] The metal tensile strength detection device of the present invention is mainly composed of a clamping device, a stretching mechanism, a sensor system and a data processing system. As described above, the clamping device achieves stable clamping and cooling of high-temperature metal materials through a unique structure. The stretching mechanism adopts an electric or hydraulic drive method to apply a gradually increasing tensile force to the clamped metal material through a traction device. The sensor system includes a tensile sensor and a displacement sensor. The tensile sensor is installed between the stretching mechanism and the clamping device to measure the tensile force applied to the metal material in real time. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the elongation of the metal material during the stretching process.

[0038] Working process: First, the high-temperature metal material to be tested is clamped and fixed with a clamping device. Then, the stretching mechanism is started to gradually apply tension to the metal material. During the stretching process, the tension sensor and displacement sensor transmit the collected tension and displacement data to the data processing system in real time. The data processing system processes and analyzes these data, draws a tension displacement curve, and thus obtains performance parameters such as the tensile strength of the metal material. During the whole process, the clamping device ensures that the metal material is stably clamped at high temperature, and the sensor system accurately collects data to achieve accurate detection of the tensile strength of the metal.

[0039] Embodiment 2: As a preferred embodiment of Example 1, in this embodiment, the rod head 33, the opening 331, the first pipeline 45, the second pipeline 46, the third pipeline 47, the fourth pipeline 48, the fifth pipeline 49, the oil outlet pipe 43 and the oil inlet pipe 44 are combined into a first cooling unit, and a second cooling unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first cooling unit with the axis of the motor shaft 201 as a reference; the lubrication hole, the oil delivery hole, the first pin shaft 50, the second pin shaft 51, the third pin shaft 52 and the fourth pin shaft 53 are combined into a first lubrication unit , taking the axis of the motor shaft 201 as a reference, a second lubrication unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first lubrication unit; the circuit breaker block 291 and the groove are combined into a first circuit breaker unit, taking the axis of the motor shaft 201 as a reference, a second circuit breaker unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first circuit breaker unit; the fixed box 40, the slot, the sliding rod 132, the wedge block 41 and the spring 42 are combined into a first oil pump unit, taking the axis of the motor shaft 201 as a reference, a second oil pump unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first oil pump unit.

[0040] The first cooling unit and the second cooling unit, the first lubrication unit and the second lubrication unit, the first circuit breaker unit and the second circuit breaker unit, and the first oil pump unit and the second oil pump unit are arranged with mirror symmetry based on the axis of the motor shaft 201. In practical applications, the symmetrical design ensures the force and function balance of each part of the device during operation, improves the stability and reliability of the device, and enables it to work continuously and stably in a high-temperature detection environment.

[0041] Embodiment 3: In this embodiment, the chamber, phase change material 30, movable plate 31, movable rod 32, and opening are combined into a first fixed unit; based on the axis of the motor shaft 201, a second fixed unit is also provided between the first clamp 25 and the third rotating rod 26, which is mirror-symmetrical to the first fixed unit.

[0042] Taking the axis of the motor shaft 201 as a reference, the first fixing unit is located on one side of the first clamping jaw 25 and the second clamping jaw 28, and the second fixing unit is arranged on the other side in a mirror-symmetrical manner. During the clamping process, the fixing units on both sides work simultaneously, fixing the relative angle between the clamping jaw and the rotating rod from two directions, making the clamping more stable. In practical applications, this symmetrical design can balance the force, effectively deal with various complex situations, ensure that a stable clamping effect can be maintained under harsh conditions such as high temperature, and improve the reliability and accuracy of detection.

[0043] The use of the clamping device of this solution brings many benefits to the tensile strength test of high-temperature metal materials. First, it can stably and reliably clamp metal materials in a high-temperature environment, avoiding interruptions in testing or inaccurate results due to unstable clamping. The cooling mechanism effectively controls the temperature of the jaws to prevent thermal deformation and ensure stable and uniform clamping force during long-term testing. The fixing mechanism ensures that the angle of the jaws remains unchanged, improving the stability and consistency of the clamping. In addition, the precise driving mechanism makes the clamping action precise and controllable, providing good starting conditions for subsequent tensile testing. These advantages combined have greatly improved the accuracy, reliability and efficiency of tensile strength testing of high-temperature metal materials, and provided strong support for material performance evaluation and engineering applications.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. The following points need to be explained: In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, only the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the features in the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The above is only an exemplary implementation of the present invention, and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials, comprising a base (10) and a first piston cylinder (14) and a second piston cylinder (15) arranged on the base (10), wherein the first piston cylinder (14) is connected to a first clamping plate (17) via a first piston, and the second piston cylinder (15) is connected to a second clamping plate (16) via a second piston, the base (10) is further provided with a side wall (11), the side wall (11) is provided with a top plate (12), the top plate (12) is provided with a cylinder (13), and the outer end of the cylinder shaft (131) of the cylinder (13) is fixed with a mounting plate (21), characterized in that: A first rotating rod (24), a second rotating rod (27), a third rotating rod (26) and a fourth rotating rod (29) are hingedly connected to the mounting plate (21); one end of the first rotating rod (24) is hingedly connected to the mounting plate (21), and the other end of the first rotating rod (24) is hingedly connected to the end of a first clamping claw (25); one end of the second rotating rod (27) is also hingedly connected to the mounting plate (21), and the other end of the second rotating rod (27) is hingedly connected to the end of a second clamping claw (28); One end of the third rotating rod (26) is hinged to the mounting plate (21), and the other end of the third rotating rod (26) is hinged to the first clamping claw (25); one end of the fourth rotating rod (29) is hinged to the mounting plate (21), and the other end of the fourth rotating rod (29) is hinged to the second clamping claw (28); The mounting plate (21) is also provided with a driving mechanism for driving the first clamping jaw (25) and the second clamping jaw (28); the clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials also includes a fixing mechanism and a cooling mechanism; the fixing mechanism is used to maintain the relative position of the clamping jaws, and the cooling mechanism is used to cool the rotating rod and the clamping jaws.

2. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity is provided inside the cylinder shaft (131); the driving mechanism comprises a first gear (22), a second gear (23) and a motor (20) arranged in the cavity; a threaded section is provided at the outer end of the motor shaft (201) of the motor (20); the first gear (22) and the second gear (23) both match the threaded section; the first gear (22) is fixedly mounted on an end of the first rotating rod (24) close to the mounting plate (21); and the second gear (23) is fixedly mounted on an end of the second rotating rod (27) close to the mounting plate (21).

3. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chamber is provided in the end of the second clamping jaw (28) away from the second rotating rod (27), and the fixing mechanism comprises a movable plate (31) and a phase change material (30) arranged in the chamber, the movable plate (31) is provided with a movable rod (32), and the fourth rotating rod (29) is provided with an opening matching the movable rod (32); after the first clamping jaw (25) and the second clamping jaw (28) clamp the high-temperature metal material, the phase change material (30) expands due to the heat, so that the movable rod (32) is inserted into the opening, thereby fixing the relative angle between the second clamping jaw (28) and the fourth rotating rod (29), and maintaining the relative position of the second clamping jaw (28).

4. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chamber, the phase change material (30), the moving plate (31), the moving rod (32), and the opening are combined into a first fixing unit; with the axis of the motor shaft (201) as a reference, a second fixing unit is provided between the first clamping jaw (25) and the third rotating rod (26) and is mirror-symmetrical to the first fixing unit.

5. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the movable rod (32) away from the movable plate (31) is provided with a rod head (33) with a hollow interior, and the cooling mechanism includes an opening (331) provided on the outer wall of the rod head (33); the cooling mechanism also includes a first pipeline (45), a second pipeline (46), a third pipeline (47), a fourth pipeline (48) and a fifth pipeline (49) which are connected in sequence, the first pipeline (45) and the fifth pipeline (49) are both provided inside the second clamping jaw (28), the second pipeline (46) is provided inside the fourth rotating rod (29), the third pipeline (47) is provided inside the mounting plate (21), and the fourth pipeline (48) is provided inside the second rotating rod (27); The cooling mechanism further comprises an oil pumping mechanism disposed on the side wall (11), the oil pumping mechanism being connected to an oil outlet pipe (43) and an oil inlet pipe (44); the oil outlet pipe (43) being in communication with an end of the first pipeline (45) away from the second pipeline (46), and the oil inlet pipe (44) being in communication with an end of the fifth pipeline (49) away from the fourth pipeline (48); the lubricating oil enters the first pipeline (45) from the oil outlet pipe (43), passes through the second pipeline (46), the third pipeline (47), the fourth pipeline (48), and the fifth pipeline (49), and then flows into the oil pumping mechanism from the oil inlet pipe (44); The second pipeline (46) is provided with a circuit breaker mechanism for cutting off the flow path of the lubricating oil; Lubrication mechanisms are provided at the hinged joint between the second clamping jaw (28) and the fourth rotating rod (29), the hinged joint between the fourth rotating rod (29) and the mounting plate (21), the hinged joint between the mounting plate (21) and the second rotating rod (27), and the hinged joint between the second rotating rod (27) and the second clamping jaw (28).

6. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinged connection is a pin hinged connection, wherein the second clamping jaw (28) and the fourth rotating rod (29) are hinged via a first pin (50), the fourth rotating rod (29) and the mounting plate (21) are hinged via a second pin (51), the mounting plate (21) and the second rotating rod (27) are hinged via a third pin (52), and the second rotating rod (27) and the second clamping jaw (28) are hinged via a fourth pin (53); The lubrication mechanism comprises a lubrication hole and an oil delivery hole. The first pin shaft (50), the second pin shaft (51), the third pin shaft (52) and the fourth pin shaft (53) are all provided with the lubrication hole and the oil delivery hole. The oil delivery hole is provided in the middle of each pin shaft, the lubrication holes are provided on both sides of the oil delivery hole, and the lubrication hole and the oil delivery hole are communicated with each other.

7. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil pump mechanism comprises a fixed box (40) fixed to the side wall (11), a slot is provided at one end of the fixed box (40) close to the cylinder shaft (131), a sliding rod (132) is provided on the cylinder shaft (131) and extends into the interior of the fixed box (40), a wedge block (41) and a spring (42) are provided inside the fixed box (40), one end of the spring (42) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box (40), and the other end of the spring (42) is connected to the wedge block (41); When the spring (42) is in an initial state, the wedge block (41) divides the interior of the fixed box (40) into a left chamber and a right chamber, the left chamber being connected to the oil inlet pipe (44), and the right chamber being connected to the oil outlet pipe (43); when the cylinder shaft (131) moves, it can drive the sliding rod (132) to push the wedge block (41) to move inside the fixed box (40), thereby changing the volumes of the left chamber and the right chamber, thereby realizing the flow of oil in the pipeline.

8. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The circuit breaker mechanism comprises a groove connected to the second pipeline (46), a circuit breaker block (291) is arranged in the groove, and under the action of gravity, the circuit breaker block (291) is separated from the groove, closing the second pipeline (46) and cutting off the flow circuit of the lubricating oil.

9. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rod head (33), the opening (331), the first pipeline (45), the second pipeline (46), the third pipeline (47), the fourth pipeline (48), the fifth pipeline (49), the oil outlet pipe (43) and the oil inlet pipe (44) are combined into a first cooling unit, and a second cooling unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first cooling unit, taking the axis of the motor shaft (201) as a reference; The lubrication hole, the oil delivery hole, the first pin (50), the second pin (51), the third pin (52) and the fourth pin (53) are combined into a first lubrication unit, and a second lubrication unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first lubrication unit, taking the axis of the motor shaft (201) as a reference; The circuit breaker block (291) and the groove are combined into a first circuit breaker unit, and a second circuit breaker unit is provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first circuit breaker unit, taking the axis of the motor shaft (201) as a reference; The fixed box (40), the slot, the sliding rod (132), the wedge block (41) and the spring (42) are combined into a first oil pump unit. Taking the axis of the motor shaft (201) as a reference, a second oil pump unit is also provided which is mirror-symmetrical to the first oil pump unit.

10. A clamping device for tensile testing of metal materials according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: The phase change material (30) is paraffin.

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