Experimental device for simulating fracture development in high-temperature pyrolysis process of hydrocarbon source rock

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock compression simulation experiment devices, and provides an experiment device for simulating fracture development in a hydrocarbon source rock high-temperature pyrolysis process, which comprises: a box body, which is internally provided with a chamber for placing a hydrocarbon source rock; the heating module is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body and is used for heating the hydrocarbon source rock; the confining pressure loading module is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body and used for pressurizing the hydrocarbon source rocks, the confining pressure loading module is provided with a plurality of loading blocks which are adjacently arranged in the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body, and each loading block can apply pressure to the hydrocarbon source rocks at the corresponding position; and the detection module is arranged on the box body and is used for detecting crack development in the hydrocarbon source rock in the experiment process. The device can solve the problem that an existing experimental device cannot carry out multi-area pressure adjustment, different confining pressures can be applied to rocks with different depths by redesigning the confining pressure loading module, and then the actual geological environment is simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock compression simulation experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device for simulating crack development during high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks. Background Art

[0002] Under natural geological conditions, rocks are generally in a stable state of triaxial compression and negative pressure of pore fluids. As the burial and formation temperatures increase, the stress field changes, and the source rock organic matter undergoes pyrolysis and hydrocarbon generation, causing changes in fluid pressure, which ultimately leads to rock rupture and formation of cracks at the site of stress field instability. Such cracks play an important role as oil and gas migration channels and storage spaces in petroleum and gas systems, and can greatly affect the spatial distribution and reserves of oil and gas. Obtaining rock physical and mechanical property parameters through the study of the mechanical mechanism of crack formation is also one of the research focuses in the fields of oil and gas field development engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, mining engineering, etc., which affects engineering plan decisions and engineering effects.

[0003] The simulation experiment of the above process is to observe under the condition of artificially controlling the research object, and the simulation experiment device is the equipment for conducting the simulation experiment. The pyrolysis of organic matter in the source rock generates hydrocarbons, which causes changes in fluid pressure, and eventually leads to rock rupture and formation of cracks at the unstable part of the stress field. When conducting the crack development experiment simulating the high-temperature pyrolysis process of the source rock, the pressure and high temperature are simulated to conduct experiments under different pressures and temperatures.

[0004] At present, when conducting experiments to simulate the development of fractures during the high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks, the source rocks at different depths are subjected to different pressures, and it is necessary to consider the pressure change experiment. However, in actual situations, the pressure is uniform and it is impossible to adjust the pressure in multiple regions, which leads to idealized experimental data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device to simulate the development of fractures during the high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks under different regional pressures, so as to obtain experimental data that is relatively close to the actual geological environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during the high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks, so as to solve the problem that the current experimental device cannot perform pressure regulation in multiple areas. By redesigning the confining pressure loading module, different confining pressures can be applied to rocks at different depths, thereby simulating the actual geological environment.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks, which comprises:

[0008] A box body, wherein the box body has a chamber for placing the source rock;

[0009] A heating module, disposed on at least one inner wall of the box body, for heating the source rock;

[0010] A confining pressure loading module, formed on at least one side wall of the box body, for pressurizing the source rock, the confining pressure loading module having a plurality of loading blocks arranged closely along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body, each of the loading blocks being able to apply pressure to the source rock at a corresponding position;

[0011] The detection module is arranged on the box body and is used to detect the development of fractures in the source rock during the experiment.

[0012] The experimental device for simulating crack development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rock described in the present invention has a plurality of loading blocks arranged on the side wall of the box, each loading block is respectively located at a different depth position of the source rock sample in the chamber, and each loading block can apply loading pressure to the source rock sample at the corresponding position, thereby realizing the application of stepped loading pressure to the source rock sample along its depth direction, simulating the actual pressure environment in the rock formation, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the experimental device for simulating crack development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rock also includes: a limiting module, which is arranged on the top of the box, and the limiting module can provide a variable thrust force to the source rock to prevent the source rock from being squeezed out of the box.

[0014] In this embodiment, the limiting module is arranged on the top of the box and is attached to the top surface of the source rock sample. When the source rock sample is subjected to the action of the confining pressure loading module, the source rock sample is subjected to the extrusion force, and it will have a tendency to surge out from the top of the box. The limiting module can adjust the thrust force on the source rock accordingly according to the extrusion force exerted on the source rock, thereby preventing the source rock sample from being squeezed out from the top of the box.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the box body includes: a bottom plate; two oppositely arranged first side plates, the two first side plates are connected to the bottom plate, and at least one of the first side plates is provided with the heating module; two second side plates connected between the two first side plates, the two second side plates are oppositely arranged, and at least one of the second side plates is formed with the confining pressure loading module.

[0016] In this embodiment, the bottom plate, two first side plates and two second side plates constitute the box body and are arranged to form the chamber. The heating module is arranged on the inner wall of the first side plate, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on the inner wall of the second side plate. The box body adopts a splicing structure, and the assembly and disassembly are relatively simple, and it is convenient to clean the source rock samples in the chamber.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, limit strips are provided at both side edges of the two first side panels; the loading block includes a connected sliding seat and an air bag, the sliding seat is clamped between two opposite limit strips on the two first side panels and can slide along the limit strips, and the air bag is arranged toward the source rock; a sliding partition is provided between two adjacent sliding seats, the sliding partition is clamped between two opposite limit strips on the two first side panels and can slide along the limit strips; the sliding seats and the sliding partitions arranged alternately form the second side panel.

[0018] In this embodiment, confining pressure is applied to the source rock sample by filling the airbag with high-pressure gas. The sliding partition disposed between two adjacent sliding seats can separate the two upper and lower adjacent airbags, that is, the airbags between each two sliding partitions are relatively independent, and each airbag can independently apply pressure to the source rock sample at the corresponding position, so that different pressures in different areas can be simulated. At the same time, the alternately disposed sliding seats and sliding partitions are limited and fixed by the limiting strip disposed on the first side panel, so that they are spliced ​​to form the second side panel, and thus there is no need to separately set the second side panel, nor to set the corresponding installation and fixing structure on the second side panel, thereby simplifying the structure of the box body and the confining pressure loading module.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding seat is provided with an inflation port communicated with the airbag.

[0020] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the inflation port, it is set at the position where the sliding seat and the airbag are connected, that is, the inflation port is reinforced by the sliding seat and the airbag connection structure to ensure that no leakage occurs during the inflation and pressurization of the airbag.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the box body also includes: a top plate, which is connected to the two first side plates, and fixed plates are provided at the edges on both sides of the end surface of the top plate facing the chamber, and the fixed plates are abutted against the sliding partitions on the top of the second side plates to press the alternating sliding seats and the sliding partitions together.

[0022] In this embodiment, the top plate not only serves to close the top of the box, but also can compress the multiple sliding seats and sliding partitions stacked together through the fixed plate, fix the positions of the multiple sliding seats and sliding partitions, and thus form a relatively stable second side plate.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a preload adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the pressure applied by the fixed plate to the sliding partition is provided between the top plate and the first side plate.

[0024] In this embodiment, the clamping force of the fixed plate on the second side plate (composed of a sliding seat and a sliding partition) can be adjusted in real time through the preload adjustment mechanism to prevent the second side plate from loosening during the experiment, thereby causing the source rock to be squeezed out from the gap between the sliding seat and the sliding partition.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preload adjustment mechanism includes: a threaded rod; a fixed seat connected to one end of the threaded rod; a clamping seat sleeved on the other end of the threaded rod; a nut threadedly connected to one end of the threaded rod sleeved with the clamping seat and abutting against the clamping seat to adjust the distance between the fixed seat and the clamping seat; wherein the fixed seat is connected to the first side plate, and the clamping seat is connected to the top plate; or, the fixed seat is connected to the top plate, and the clamping seat is connected to the first side plate.

[0026] In this embodiment, the adjustment of the preload force is achieved through the cooperation of the threaded rod and the nut, the structure is relatively simple, and the assembly is relatively convenient.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting module includes: a plurality of sliding rods passed through the top plate, a limiting portion being provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the chamber; an extrusion seat connected to one end of the sliding rod close to the chamber, a spring being passed through the sliding rod between the extrusion seat and the top plate.

[0028] In this embodiment, the cooperation of the sliding rod and the spring can make the extrusion seat resiliently attached to the top surface of the source rock sample, and the extrusion seat can prevent the source rock sample from being squeezed out from the top of the box.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating module is a heating plate that can be heated by a power source.

[0030] In this embodiment, the heating module may be a heating plate with a resistance wire. When powered on, the resistance wire generates heat to heat the source rock sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0032] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the figures are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the confining pressure loading module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the preload force adjustment mechanism shown in the middle A portion;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top plate and the limiting module of the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 10. Box body; 11. Bottom plate; 12. First side plate; 121. Limiting strip; 13. Second side plate; 14. Top plate; 141. Fixed plate;

[0040] 20. Loading block; 21. Sliding seat; 211. Inflating port; 22. Air bag; 23. Sliding partition;

[0041] 30. Preload force adjustment mechanism; 31. Threaded rod; 32. Fixed seat; 33. Pressing seat; 34. Nut;

[0042] 40. Heating plate;

[0043] 50. Sliding rod; 51. Limiting portion; 52. Extrusion seat; 53. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks, which includes: a box body 10, wherein the box body 10 has a chamber for placing source rocks; a heating module, which is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body 10 and is used to heat the source rocks; a confining pressure loading module, which is formed on at least one side wall of the box body 10 and is used to pressurize the source rocks, and the confining pressure loading module has a plurality of loading blocks 20 which are closely arranged along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body 10, and each loading block 20 can apply pressure to the source rocks at corresponding positions respectively; and a detection module, which is arranged on the box body 10 and is used to detect the development of cracks in the source rocks during the experiment.

[0048] The experimental device for simulating crack development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rock described in the present invention has a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged on the side wall of the box 10, each loading block 20 is respectively located at a different depth position of the source rock sample in the chamber, and each loading block 20 can apply loading pressure to the source rock sample at the corresponding position, thereby realizing the application of stepped loading pressure to the source rock sample along its depth direction, simulating the actual pressure environment in the rock formation, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0049] The specific structures of the various parts of the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the present invention, as well as the positions and connection relationships between them, will be described in detail below.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks of the present invention comprises a box 10. The box 10 is a cubic structure as the outer shell of the entire experimental device, and a relatively closed chamber is formed inside the box. Before the experiment, the source rock sample is filled in the chamber, and after the experiment, the source rock sample is taken out. The box 10 can adopt an integrated structure, with an opening that can be opened and closed for the source rock sample to be taken in and put out; the box 10 can also adopt a spliced ​​structure, which is composed of a plurality of plates spliced ​​together, which is not specifically limited here and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the present invention also has a heating module, which is used to heat the source rock sample in the chamber during the experiment. The heating module is arranged on at least one inner wall of the box 10. Preferably, the heating module can be arranged on two opposite inner walls of the box 10 at the same time, thereby ensuring that both sides of the source rock sample are heated evenly. The heating module can adopt conventional heating methods such as resistance wires, or can adopt a heating method of passing a high-temperature medium for heat exchange. It is not specifically limited here and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the present invention also has a confining pressure loading module, which is used to pressurize the source rock in the chamber during the experiment. The confining pressure loading module is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box 10. Preferably, the confining pressure loading module is arranged on two opposite inner side walls of the box 10 at the same time, thereby ensuring that both sides of the source rock sample are evenly pressurized. The confining pressure loading module includes a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged toward the source rock, and the plurality of loading blocks 20 are arranged closely along the length direction of the side wall of the box 10. Each loading block 20 is independent of each other and can provide pressure to the source rock at the corresponding position alone. Among them, each loading block 20 can be fixed on the inner side wall of the box 10 as a relatively independent structure, or as a part of the side wall of the box 10, or a plurality of loading blocks 20 stacked closely together can be used as a side wall of the box 10. No specific limitation is made here, and the corresponding fixing and connecting structure can be designed according to actual needs.

[0053] Furthermore, the loading block 20 is a component that can generate thrust (pressure) in the direction of the source rock. It can adopt the form of a hydraulic or motor-driven corresponding push plate, or other driving structures that can generate corresponding thrust. No specific limitation is made here. As long as it can be ensured that there are multiple pressure-generating points dispersedly arranged along the length direction of the side wall of the box body 10, each action point can independently generate corresponding pressure, and the action points do not interfere with each other.

[0054] The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks described in the present invention also has a detection module, which is used to measure various parameters during the experiment, and then determine the development of cracks in the source rock. During the experiment, the reaction temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple, the pressure change is monitored by a pressure sensor, and the product is collected and analyzed for composition and properties by a fluid pressure control and product collection unit; at the same time, the acoustic emission detection mechanism is used to monitor the acoustic emission signals generated during the development of cracks in real time, and then the development of cracks in the source rock sample under the corresponding temperature, pressure, flow and other parameters is obtained. The above-mentioned monitoring process for detecting the development of cracks is a relatively mature technology in this field, and the specific structure of the detection module and the corresponding detection principle will not be further explained here.

[0055] The structure and technical effects of a preferred embodiment of the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to the present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks also includes: a limiting module, which is arranged on the top of the box 10, and the limiting module can provide a variable thrust to the source rock to prevent the source rock from being squeezed out of the box 10.

[0057] The limiting module is arranged at the top of the box body 10 and is attached to the top surface of the source rock sample. When the source rock sample is subjected to the action of the confining pressure loading module, the source rock sample is subjected to the squeezing force, and it will have a tendency to surge out from the top of the box body 10. The limiting module can adjust the thrust force on the source rock accordingly according to the squeezing force on the source rock sample, thereby preventing the source rock sample from being squeezed out from the top of the box body 10.

[0058] Specifically, the limiting module may be a limiting plate acting on the top surface of the source rock sample. Under the action of a spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor, the limiting plate can apply downward pressure to the source rock sample, thereby preventing leakage of the source rock sample.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the box body 10 includes: a bottom plate 11; two first side plates 12 arranged opposite to each other, the two first side plates 12 are connected to the bottom plate 11, and at least one of the first side plates 12 is provided with a heating module; two second side plates 13 connected between the two first side plates 12, the two second side plates 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and at least one of the second side plates 13 is formed with a confining pressure loading module.

[0060] The bottom plate 11, two first side plates 12 and two second side plates 13 form a box body 10 and are arranged to form a chamber. The heating module is arranged on the inner wall of the first side plate 12, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on the inner wall of the second side plate 13. The box body 10 adopts a splicing structure, which is relatively simple to assemble and disassemble, and is convenient for cleaning the source rock samples in the chamber.

[0061] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, two opposite first side plates 12 are each provided with a heating module, and two opposite second side plates 13 are each formed with a confining pressure loading module.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, limiting strips 121 are provided at both side edges of the two first side panels 12; the loading block 20 includes a connected sliding seat 21 and an airbag 22, the sliding seat 21 is clamped between two opposite limiting strips 121 on the two first side panels 12 and can slide along the limiting strips 121, and the airbag 22 is arranged toward the source rock; a sliding partition 23 for separating the two airbags 22 is provided between two adjacent sliding seats 21, the sliding partition 23 is clamped between two opposite limiting strips 121 on the two first side panels 12 and can slide along the limiting strips 121; the sliding seats 21 and the sliding partitions 23 arranged alternately form the second side panel 13.

[0063] The confining pressure is applied to the source rock sample by filling the airbag 22 with high-pressure gas. The sliding partition 23 arranged between two adjacent sliding seats 21 can separate the two upper and lower adjacent airbags 22, that is, the airbags 22 between each two sliding partitions 23 are relatively independent, and each airbag 22 can independently apply pressure to the source rock sample at the corresponding position, so that different pressures in different areas can be simulated. At the same time, the alternately arranged sliding seats 21 and sliding partitions 23 are limited and fixed by the limiting strips 121 arranged on the first side plate 12, so that they are spliced ​​to form the second side plate 13, so that there is no need to separately set the second side plate 13, and there is no need to set the corresponding installation and fixing structure on the second side plate 13, which simplifies the structure of the box 10 and the confining pressure loading module.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the limiting strips 121 are arranged along the length direction of the first side plate 12, and are connected to the edge positions of both sides of the first side plate 12 by hinged connection. An installation space is formed between two opposite limiting strips 121 on the two first side plates 12, and the two sides of the sliding partition 23 respectively have a slot that can be clamped on the limiting strips 121, and the sliding partition 23 can be clamped between the above two limiting strips 121 and can slide along the length direction of the limiting strips 121; the two sides of the sliding seat 21 also respectively have a slot that can be clamped on the limiting strips 121, and the sliding seat 21 can be clamped between the above two limiting strips 121 and can slide along the length direction of the limiting strips 121, and the inner side of the sliding seat 21 is connected to the airbag 22. The sliding partitions 23 and the sliding seats 21 are alternately installed between the two limit strips 121 to form a second side plate 13 between the two first side plates 12, and the sliding partitions 23 between two adjacent sliding seats 21 can separate the corresponding two airbags 22 on the sliding seats 21 up and down.

[0065] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sliding seat 21 is provided with an inflation port 211 connected to the airbag 22. In order to ensure the structural strength of the inflation port 211, it is arranged at the position where the sliding seat 21 and the airbag 22 are connected, that is, the inflation port 211 is reinforced by the connection structure of the sliding seat 21 and the airbag 22 to ensure that no leakage occurs during the inflation and pressurization of the airbag 22.

[0066] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the box body 10 also includes: a top plate 14, which is connected to the two first side plates 12, and fixed plates 141 are provided at the edges of both sides of the end surface of the top plate 14 facing the chamber, and the fixed plates 141 are abutted against the sliding partitions 23 on the top of the second side plates 13 to press the alternating sliding seats 21 and sliding partitions 23 together.

[0067] The top plate 14 not only serves to close the top of the box body 10, but also can compress the multiple sliding seats 21 and sliding partitions 23 stacked together through the fixing plate 141, thereby fixing the positions of the multiple sliding seats 21 and sliding partitions 23, thereby forming a relatively stable second side plate 13.

[0068] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a preload adjustment mechanism 30 is provided between the top plate 14 and the first side plate 12 , which can adjust the pressure applied by the fixed plate 141 to the sliding partition plate 23 .

[0069] The preload adjustment mechanism 30 can be used to adjust the clamping force of the fixed plate 141 on the second side plate 13 (composed of the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition 23) in real time to prevent the second side plate 13 from loosening during the experiment, thereby causing the source rock sample to be squeezed out from the gap between the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition 23.

[0070] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the preload force adjustment mechanism 30 includes: a threaded rod 31; a fixed seat 32 connected to one end of the threaded rod 31; a pressing seat 33 sleeved on the other end of the threaded rod 31; a nut 34, threadedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 31 sleeved with the pressing seat 33 and abutting against the pressing seat 33 to adjust the distance between the fixed seat 32 and the pressing seat 33; wherein the fixed seat 32 is connected to the first side plate 12, and the pressing seat 33 is connected to the top plate 14; or the fixed seat 32 is connected to the top plate 14, and the pressing seat 33 is connected to the first side plate 12. The preload force between the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition 23 is adjusted by the cooperation of the threaded rod 31 and the nut 34, and the structure is relatively simple and the assembly is relatively convenient.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, a threaded rod 31 is provided at each of the four circumferential corners of the top plate 14; a fixing seat 32 is fixedly connected to the top outer end surface of the first side plate 12 of the box body 10, the top end surface of the fixing seat 32 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 31, and a pressing seat 33 is provided on the sliding sleeve of the outer peripheral wall of the threaded rod 31, and the pressing seat 33 can move up and down along the threaded rod 31, and the pressing seat 33 is fixed at the edge of the top surface of the top plate 14; a nut 34 is threadedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the threaded rod 31, and the nut 34 fits with the top end surface of the pressing seat 33. When adjusting during installation, by rotating the nut 34 along the outer peripheral wall of the threaded rod 31, the nut 34 presses the pressing seat 33 downward, and then the pressing seat 33 presses the top plate 14, completing the fixing of the top plate 14, and at the same time, the top plate 14 can apply downward pre-tightening pressure to the sliding partition 23 through the fixing plate 141. In other embodiments of the present invention, the connection positions of the fixing seat 32 and the pressing seat 33 are interchangeable, that is, the pressing seat 33 is fixed on the top outer end surface of the first side plate 12 of the box body 10, and the fixing seat 32 is fixed at the edge position of the top surface of the top plate 14.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the limit module includes: a plurality of sliding rods 50, which are passed through the top plate 14, and a limit portion 51 is provided at the end of the sliding rod 50 away from the chamber; an extrusion seat 52, which is connected to the end of the sliding rod 50 close to the chamber, and a spring 53 is passed through the sliding rod 50 between the extrusion seat 52 and the top plate 14.

[0073] The cooperation between the sliding rod 50 and the spring 53 can make the extrusion seat 52 resiliently attached to the top surface of the source rock sample, and the extrusion seat 52 can prevent the source rock sample from being squeezed out from the top of the box 10.

[0074] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion seat 52 is a rectangular flat plate, which is connected to the bottom of the top plate 14 through a sliding rod 50; in this embodiment, six sliding rods 50 are arranged between the top plate 14 and the extrusion seat 52, and springs 53 are arranged on the sliding rods 50. The springs 53 are located between the top plate 14 and the extrusion seat 52 and can act on the extrusion seat 52. When the source rock sample is squeezed, an upward force is generated, and the source rock sample pushes the extrusion seat 52 to move upward. The upward movement of the extrusion seat 52 will compress the spring 53. Under the reaction of the spring 53, the extrusion seat 52 generates downward pressure on the source rock sample to prevent the source rock sample from being squeezed out of the box 10.

[0075] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heating module is a heating plate 40 that can be heated by a power supply. The heating module can use a heating plate 40 with a resistance wire, and after power is turned on, the resistance wire generates heat to heat the source rock sample. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the heating treatment can also be achieved by passing a high-temperature medium for heat exchange.

[0076] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks, characterized in that: include: A box body, wherein the box body has a chamber for placing the source rock; A heating module, disposed on at least one inner wall of the box body, for heating the source rock; A confining pressure loading module, formed on at least one side wall of the box body, for pressurizing the source rock, the confining pressure loading module having a plurality of loading blocks arranged closely along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body, each of the loading blocks being able to apply pressure to the source rock at a corresponding position; The detection module is arranged on the box body and is used to detect the development of fractures in the source rock during the experiment.

2. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes: The limiting module is arranged on the top of the box body, and the limiting module can provide a variable thrust force to the source rock to prevent the source rock from being squeezed out of the box body.

3. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body comprises: Base plate; Two first side plates are arranged opposite to each other, the two first side plates are connected to the bottom plate, and at least one of the first side plates is provided with the heating module; Two second side plates are connected between the two first side plates, the two second side plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on at least one of the second side plates.

4. The experimental device for simulating crack development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: Limiting strips are provided on both side edges of the two first side panels; The loading block comprises a connected sliding seat and an air bag, the sliding seat is clamped between two opposite limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips, and the air bag is arranged toward the source rock; A sliding partition is provided between two adjacent sliding seats, and the sliding partition is clamped between two opposite limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips; The sliding seats and the sliding partitions that are alternately arranged form the second side plate.

5. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding seat is provided with an inflation port which is communicated with the airbag.

6. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The box also includes: A top plate connected to the two first side plates, a fixing plate is provided at the edges of both sides of the end surface of the top plate facing the chamber, and the fixing plate abuts against the sliding partition at the top of the second side plate to press the alternating sliding seats and the sliding partitions together.

7. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: A preload adjustment mechanism is provided between the top plate and the first side plate, which can adjust the pressure applied by the fixed plate to the sliding partition.

8. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preload force adjustment mechanism comprises: Threaded rod; A fixing seat connected to one end of the threaded rod; A pressing seat, sleeved on the other end of the threaded rod; A nut, threadedly connected to one end of the threaded rod sleeve provided with the pressing seat and abutting against the pressing seat to adjust the distance between the fixing seat and the pressing seat; Wherein, the fixing seat is connected to the first side plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the top plate; or, the fixing seat is connected to the top plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the first side plate.

9. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit module comprises: A plurality of sliding rods are passed through the top plate, and a limiting portion is provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the chamber; An extrusion seat is connected to one end of the sliding rod close to the chamber, and a spring is passed through the sliding rod between the extrusion seat and the top plate.

10. The experimental device for simulating the development of cracks during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The heating module is a heating plate that can be heated by a power supply.

Images