Method for improving consistency of lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, extracting a battery, simulating an acid filling production line, recording the internal temperature change of the battery, and making a curve of time corresponding to the internal temperature of the battery after acid filling of the battery; s2, according to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, temperature control is carried out by sequentially filling acid liquids with different temperatures according to the sequence of the batteries during acid filling; and S3, connecting the same series battery pack in the step S2 in series, cooling through cooling water in a water bath, and finally starting to electrify for staged constant-current charging. The invention provides a formation process method of a lead-acid storage battery, which has the design thought that the acid filling temperature is continuously adjusted according to the acid filling sequence so as to realize the consistency of the temperature of each battery when the battery is electrified and formed at the same time; and the consistency of active substances before and after the formation of each battery is ensured by controlling the formation electrifying time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid batteries, and more particularly to a method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries. Background Art

[0002] After the positive and negative plates of lead-acid batteries are cured, the main components of the positive and negative plates are basically the same, both containing divalent lead compounds (3BS, 4BS, PbO) and some Pb elements. Such plates cannot generate electromotive force when directly assembled into batteries, and plate formation or battery formation is required. The formation process converts the cured lead paste into porous positive and negative electrode materials PbO2 and Pb with electrochemical properties, so that there is a potential difference.

[0003] At present, more than 90% of batteries use battery formation technology. In order to improve production efficiency, the battery formation process is to connect multiple batteries in series. After the battery is filled with acid, the same group of series batteries are powered on at the same time for formation and charging. After the battery is filled with acid, the lead oxides at the positive and negative electrodes will react with sulfuric acid to release heat, causing the internal temperature of the battery to rise. Then, due to the different acid filling times, the temperatures of the batteries in the same group of series batteries on the production line are different when they are powered on for formation, especially the temperature difference between the first and last batteries is greater. Therefore, there are generally temperature differences in the formation process of the same group of series batteries, which causes differences in the conversion of active substances between batteries, differences in water consumption during the formation process, etc. The final result is that there are differences between batteries, and the market performance is not consistent. In particular, when the batteries are used in series, a single battery fails, causing the battery life to end, causing customer complaints.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the battery difference problem caused by the temperature difference between the same group of series-connected batteries during the battery formation process, thereby improving the consistency of the batteries, is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] Theoretically, the sulfation reaction of the same group of batteries in series is the same, that is, the sulfation reaction and the heat released by the reaction are roughly the same. When the temperature inside the battery reaches the highest point, the sulfation reaction stops, the heat from the battery is dissipated to the outside, and the internal temperature gradually decreases. In order to ensure the consistency of the reaction rate of the active substance during formation, the reaction material composition, reaction environment temperature and reaction current are required to be the same. The formation process of lead-acid batteries is staged constant current charging. The reaction current of each stage of each battery in the same group of series is the same, so it is necessary to try to ensure that the reaction material composition and reaction environment temperature of each battery are the same.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Take a battery, simulate the acid filling production line, record the temperature change inside the battery, and make a curve of the temperature inside the battery against time after the battery is filled with acid;

[0010] S2. According to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, the temperature is controlled by pouring acid solutions of different temperatures in the order of the batteries during acid filling;

[0011] S3, connecting the same series group of batteries in step S2 in series, cooling them with cooling water in a water bath, and finally starting to power on for staged constant current charging.

[0012] Through the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a formation process method for lead-acid batteries. The design idea is to continuously adjust the acid filling temperature according to the order of acid filling to achieve the consistency of the temperature of each battery when it is powered on at the same time for formation; by controlling the formation power-on time, the consistency of the active material of each battery before and after formation is guaranteed.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries, in step S1, a battery is extracted and filled with acid. Assuming that the acid filling temperature is D0°C, it is placed in an environment simulating the temperature of a production line and left to stand for more than 5 hours. The change in the internal temperature of the battery is recorded, and a curve of the internal temperature of the battery versus time after the battery is filled with acid is made, and the temperature value D1°C and time T1min when the internal temperature of the battery is the highest are found.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries, in the battery extraction of step S1, if the battery terminal voltage is 6V or above, the temperature record of the middle cell of the battery shall prevail during the battery measurement.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery, the battery of 6V and above is a battery composed of 3 or more single cells.

[0016] In order to ensure that the composition of the reactants is the same, all batteries are required to be powered on for staged constant current formation only after the sulfation reaction is basically completed after acid filling. That is, the last battery in the same group of series-connected batteries to be formed can be powered on for staged constant current formation only after T1min has passed since the last battery was filled with acid.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries, in step S2, according to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, assuming that the number of the same group of series-connected batteries to be formed is N: the time T2 min from the start of acid filling of the first battery to the start of acid filling of the Nth battery is recorded; the time when the internal temperature of the Nth battery reaches the highest point is T3=T1+T2min, and the battery temperature D2°C corresponding to T3min is found on the curve of the internal temperature of the battery corresponding to time.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries, in order to ensure that the temperature of the same group of batteries connected in series is consistent when they are energized during formation, the temperature is controlled by pouring acid solutions of different temperatures into the batteries in sequence during acid filling. The temperature control method in step S2 is as follows: the acid filling temperature of the same group of batteries connected in series is sequentially reduced by (D1-D2)÷N; that is, the acid solution temperature of the first battery is D0°C, and the temperature of the second and subsequent batteries is sequentially reduced by (D1-D2)÷N on the basis of D0°C.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries, in step S3, after the cooling water is cooled down: the internal temperature of the battery is reduced to below 50°C, and after the last battery is filled with acid T1min, power is turned on for staged constant current charging.

[0020] It can be known from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for improving the consistency of lead-acid batteries. The lead-acid battery acid filling method of the present invention provides the best staged constant current charging start time during formation, and ensures the consistency of the positive and negative electrode material components of different batteries in the series group during formation. And by adjusting the temperature of the acid solution for battery acid filling, the internal temperature of each battery in the battery series group is consistent when the staged constant current charging starts. Through this method, the consistency of the active material conversion efficiency of each battery in the series group during the formation process is guaranteed, thereby improving the consistency of the battery and ensuring the service life of the battery under the battery series use condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a curve diagram showing the change of the internal temperature of the battery provided by the present invention over time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Take a battery, simulate the acid filling production line, record the temperature change inside the battery, and make a curve of the temperature inside the battery against time after the battery is filled with acid;

[0026] S2. According to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, the temperature is controlled by pouring acid solutions of different temperatures in the order of the batteries during acid filling;

[0027] S3, connecting the same series group of batteries in step S2 in series, cooling them with cooling water in a water bath, and finally starting to power on for staged constant current charging.

[0028] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in step S1, a battery is selected and filled with acid. Assuming the acid filling temperature is D0℃, it is placed in an environment simulating the temperature of a production line and left to stand for more than 5 hours. The change in the internal temperature of the battery is recorded, and a curve of the internal temperature of the battery against time after the battery is filled with acid is made, and the temperature value D1℃ and time T1min when the internal temperature of the battery is the highest are found.

[0029] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in the battery extraction of step S1, if the battery terminal voltage is 6V or above, the temperature record of the middle cell of the battery shall prevail.

[0030] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, a battery of 6V and above is a battery composed of 3 or more single cells.

[0031] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in step S2, according to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, assuming that the number of the same group of series-connected batteries to be formed is N: record the time T2 min from the start of acid filling of the first battery to the start of acid filling of the Nth battery; wait until the time when the internal temperature of the Nth battery reaches the highest point is T3=T1+T2min, and find the battery temperature D2℃ corresponding to T3min on the curve of the internal temperature of the battery versus time.

[0032] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the temperature control method in step S2 is: the acid filling temperature of the same group of series-connected batteries is sequentially reduced by (D1-D2)÷N.

[0033] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in step S3, after the cooling water is cooled down: the internal temperature of the battery is reduced to below 50°C, and after the last battery is filled with acid T1min, power is turned on for staged constant current charging.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] In order to improve the consistency of the active materials in the plates of different batteries, and thus improve the consistency of the series-connected batteries, the method of the invention was verified by taking the formation of a flooded 12V 60Ah battery as an example.

[0036] First, under the condition of ambient temperature of 26℃, sulfuric acid electrolyte with temperature of 16℃ was poured in, and the battery was left to stand for 6 hours. The curve of the change of internal temperature of the battery over time was recorded and plotted. Figure 1 . Find out that the highest internal temperature of the battery is at T1 = 30min, which is D1 = 62°C. According to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, the number of batteries in the same series that need to be formed is N = 12 batteries.

[0037] Record the time T2 = 30 minutes from the first battery to the last (12th) battery. Then the time until the internal temperature of the 12th battery reaches the highest point is T3 = T1 + T2 = 30 + 30 = 60 minutes. Find the battery temperature D2 = 53°C corresponding to T3 = 60 minutes on the curve of battery internal temperature versus time.

[0038] In order to ensure that the temperature of the same group of batteries in series is consistent during formation and power-on, acid is filled with acid at different temperatures for control. The control method is as follows: the acid filling temperature of the same group of batteries in series is reduced in sequence by (D1-D2)=(62-53)÷12=0.8°C, that is, the acid temperature of the first battery is 16°C, and the temperature of the second and subsequent batteries is reduced by 0.8°C on the basis of 16°C, as shown in Table 1.

[0039] Sequence number (only) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Acid filling temperature (℃) 16.0 15.2 14.4 13.6 12.8 12.0 Sequence number (only) 7 8 9 10 11 12 Acid filling temperature (℃) 11.2 10.4 9.6 8.8 8.0 7.2

[0040] The internal temperature of the same series-connected battery is 53°C at T3=60min. In order to reduce the internal temperature of the battery to below 50°C, the battery is required to stand for another 10min, and the series-connected battery is placed in a water bath with cooling water below 30°C. Then, the series-connected battery is powered on and charged with a constant current in stages, that is, 70min after the first battery is filled with acid and 40min after the last battery is filled with acid, and the power-on formation is started in an environment where the water bath temperature is below 30°C.

[0041] After the battery was sampled and dissected after formation, the extreme difference of the PbO2 content of the active substance in the positive plate and the Pb content of the active substance in the negative plate of different batteries was less than 1%. With the existing technology, the temperature of the acid solution is not dynamically adjusted, the electrification formation time of the series battery is not controlled, and the temperature of the formation process is not strictly controlled. The content of the active substance PbO2 in the positive plate and the active substance Pb in the negative plate of different batteries is about 5% off, and the formation consistency of the same batch of batteries is significantly improved.

[0042] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0043] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Take a battery, simulate the acid filling production line, record the temperature change inside the battery, and make a curve of the temperature inside the battery against time after the battery is filled with acid; S2. According to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, the temperature is controlled by pouring acid solutions of different temperatures in the order of the batteries during acid filling; S3, connecting the same series group of batteries in step S2 in series, cooling them with cooling water in a water bath, and finally starting to power on for staged constant current charging.

2. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a battery is taken out and filled with acid. Assuming the acid filling temperature is D0℃, it is placed in an environment simulating the temperature of a production line and left to stand for more than 5 hours. The change in the internal temperature of the battery is recorded, and a curve of the internal temperature of the battery against time after the battery is filled with acid is drawn. The temperature value D1℃ and the time T1min when the internal temperature of the battery is the highest are found.

3. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the battery extraction of step S1, if the battery terminal voltage is 6V or above, the temperature record of the middle cell of the battery shall prevail.

4. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: Batteries of 6V and above are composed of 3 or more single cells.

5. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: In step S2, according to the production rhythm of the lead-acid battery production line, assuming that the number of the same group of series-connected batteries to be formed is N: record the time T2 min from the start of acid filling of the first battery to the start of acid filling of the Nth battery; wait until the internal temperature of the Nth battery reaches the highest point T3 = T1 + T2min, and find the battery temperature D2°C corresponding to T3min on the curve of the internal temperature of the battery versus time.

6. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature control method in step S2 is: the acid filling temperature of the same group of series-connected batteries is sequentially reduced by (D1-D2)÷N.

7. A method for improving the consistency of a lead-acid battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, after the cooling water cools down: the internal temperature of the battery drops below 50°C, and after the last battery is filled with acid for T1min, power is turned on for staged constant current charging.

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