Shaped horn antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a shaped horn antenna which can be applied to the technical field of astronomical exploration and the technical field of satellite communication. The antenna comprises a first light wall structure, the first light wall structure comprises a first light wall output end, the inner wall of the first light wall structure comprises a dielectric block, the dielectric block comprises a supporting structure, a curve structure and a linear structure, the curve structure is parallel to the first light wall structure, and the dielectric block is rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the horn antenna; the second light wall structure comprises a second light wall input end and a second light wall output end, and the second light wall input end is connected to the first light wall output end; the third light wall structure comprises a third light wall input end, the third light wall input end is connected to the second light wall output end, and the third light wall input radius of the third light wall structure input end is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so that a stepped structure is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical fields of astronomical detection and satellite communication, and more specifically, to a shaped horn antenna. Background Art

[0002] High-gain, high-efficiency reflector antennas are widely used in the fields of astronomical detection and satellite communications. The feed horn, as a key component of the reflector antenna, plays a key role in the actual engineering applications of the reflector antenna.

[0003] In the process of realizing the concept of the present disclosure, the inventors discovered that there is at least a technical problem in the related art that the feed horn is difficult to be compatible with smaller size and higher performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a curve-shaped horn antenna.

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a shaped horn antenna, comprising:

[0006] A first light wall structure, the first light wall structure includes a first light wall output end, wherein the inner wall of the first light wall structure includes a dielectric block, the dielectric block includes a supporting structure, a curved structure and a straight structure, the curved structure is parallel to the first light wall structure, the supporting structure is used to support the dielectric block, and the dielectric block is rotationally symmetric about the axis of the horn antenna; a second light wall structure, the second light wall structure includes a second light wall input end and a second light wall output end, wherein the second light wall input end is connected to the first light wall output end; a third light wall structure, the third light wall structure includes a third light wall input end, the third light wall input end is connected to the second light wall output end, and the third light wall input radius of the third light wall structure input end is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so as to realize a stepped structure; wherein the third light wall structure is used to excite a target waveguide mode of the antenna, and radiate a target signal corresponding to the target waveguide mode to a target space.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third light wall structure includes a straight wall surface structure or a variable angle wall surface structure.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna further includes a choke slot structure, which is connected to an outer wall of the third light wall structure.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light wall structure further includes a first light wall input end, which is connected to the transmission waveguide, wherein a first light wall input radius of the first light wall input end is equal to a radius of the transmission waveguide.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first curve radius of the first light wall structure between the first light wall input end and the first light wall output end satisfies a first functional relationship, and a second curve radius of the second light wall structure between the second light wall input end and the second light wall output end satisfies a second functional relationship.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function; the second functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the support structure includes a disk, the curved structure and the straight structure are connected through the support structure, and the edge of the support structure fits with the inner wall of the first light wall structure.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the disc is a solid structure or a hollow structure.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a third curve radius between a start point and an end point of the curve structure satisfies a third functional relationship.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third light wall structure further includes a third light wall output end, and a third output radius of the third light wall output end is determined according to the target waveguide mode.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a third light wall structure is added to a curve-shaped light wall horn composed of a traditional two-segment light wall structure, so that the third light wall input end is connected to the second light wall output end, and the third light wall input radius is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so as to realize a step structure. By utilizing the discontinuity of the third light wall input radius and the second light wall output radius to stimulate the target waveguide mode of the horn antenna, the target signal is radiated to the target space, thereby ensuring the performance while reducing the length of the horn. At the same time, a dielectric block is arranged on the inner wall of the first light wall structure to accelerate the conversion speed of the mode inside the horn from the main mode of the transmission waveguide to the target waveguide mode matching the target space, thereby further improving the mode conversion efficiency of the horn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art is schematically shown.

[0019] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art is schematically shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The overall schematic diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A diagram schematically shows a size comparison between a shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a traditional curved shaped light wall horn antenna.

[0023] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of the gain and standing wave ratio of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and the traditional curved shaped light wall horn antenna is schematically shown.

[0024] Figure 7 The directional diagram of a curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at an operating frequency of 45 GHz is schematically shown.

[0025] Figure 8 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 45 GHz is schematically shown.

[0026] Fig. 9 The directional diagram of a curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at an operating frequency of 50 GHz is schematically shown.

[0027] Fig.10 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 50 GHz is schematically shown.

[0028] Fig.11 The schematic diagram shows the radiation pattern of the curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at an operating frequency of 55 GHz.

[0029] Fig.12 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 55 GHz is schematically shown.

[0030] Fig.13 The figure schematically shows the axial ratio of the curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art.

[0031] Fig.14 The figure schematically shows the axial ratio of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the support structure of a hollow structure disk according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0033] Fig.16 The overall schematic diagram of a shaped light wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0034] Fig.17 A perspective view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0035] Fig.18 A top view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0036] Fig.19 A bottom view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0038] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0039] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0040] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", they should generally be interpreted according to the meaning of the expression commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0041] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the collection, updating, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, storage, etc. of the data involved (for example, including but not limited to user personal information) are in compliance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, are used for legitimate purposes, and do not violate public order and good morals. In particular, necessary measures are taken for user personal information to prevent illegal access to user personal information data and maintain the security of user personal information and network security.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the user's authorization or consent is obtained before obtaining or collecting the user's personal information.

[0043] As the radiating unit of the reflector antenna, the illumination angle, gain and side lobe of the feed horn have a great influence on the performance of the reflector antenna. At present, high-efficiency corrugated horns and curved shaped light-wall horns with good axial symmetry of the radiation pattern are often used as the feed source of the reflector antenna.

[0044] The corrugated horn antenna strangles the horn side wall current by slotting the inner wall of the horn, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the diffraction field on the radiation performance of the horn antenna, so as to achieve the effect of suppressing the antenna side lobe and back lobe. At the same time, the corrugated structure will also affect the internal field distribution of the waveguide, making the main mode TE 11 The mode combines with other high-order modes to form a hybrid mode HE 11 Mode, the aperture field distribution of this hybrid mode is circularly symmetrical, thereby realizing the rotational axis symmetry of the antenna radiation pattern. However, as the antenna operating frequency continues to increase, the size of the corrugated horn continues to decrease, and the processing accuracy requirements for the corrugated groove are greatly improved. Therefore, there are disadvantages such as high manufacturing difficulty, high scrap rate and high processing cost.

[0045] In the related art, the inner wall of the curved shaped light wall horn is smooth and easy to process. The continuously changing curved inner wall is used to excite a variety of high-order modes in appropriate proportions, change the field distribution at the radiation port surface, and make the electric field have similar distribution patterns on the E and H planes, thereby achieving the rotational axis symmetry of the antenna pattern and obtaining lower side lobes and cross-polarization levels. However, in order to meet the requirements of antenna gain and rotational radiation pattern, it is necessary to pass a two-terminal or multi-terminal function curve of a certain length to drive the excited high-order modes to the radiation port with appropriate amplitude and phase to achieve a rotational axis symmetric pattern and higher gain and lower side lobes. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the volume and weight requirements of reflector antennas / array antennas on satellite / airborne platforms.

[0046] In order to better reflect the structure of the shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art, the following will be Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art is explained.

[0047] Figure 1The overall schematic diagram of the curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art is schematically shown.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna comprises a flange 110, a first light wall structure 120 and a second light wall structure 130. The flange 110 is used to improve the stability of the antenna.

[0049] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art is schematically shown.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional view of the shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art is Figure 1 Corresponding.

[0051] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a shaped horn antenna, comprising: a first light wall structure, the first light wall structure comprising a first light wall output end, wherein the inner wall of the first light wall structure comprises a dielectric block, the dielectric block comprises a supporting structure, a curved structure and a straight structure, the curved structure is parallel to the first light wall structure, the supporting structure is used to support the dielectric block, and the dielectric block is rotationally symmetric about the axis of the horn antenna; a second light wall structure, the second light wall structure comprises a second light wall input end and a second light wall output end, wherein the second light wall input end is connected to the first light wall output end; a third light wall structure, the third light wall structure comprises a third light wall input end, the third light wall input end is connected to the second light wall output end, and the third light wall input radius of the third light wall structure input end is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so as to realize a stepped structure; wherein the third light wall structure is used to excite a target waveguide mode of the antenna, and radiate a target signal corresponding to the target waveguide mode to a target space.

[0052] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 300 includes a first light wall structure 310 , a second light wall structure 320 , a third light wall structure 330 and a flange 340 , wherein the inner wall of the first light wall structure 310 includes a dielectric block 350 , and the dielectric block 350 includes a supporting structure 351 , a curved structure 352 and a straight structure 353 .

[0054] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the starting point of the curved structure and the end point of the straight structure of the dielectric block are both located at the axis of the horn antenna, and the entire dielectric block is rotationally symmetric about the axis of the horn antenna, which is conducive to ensuring that the electric field intensity at the radiation surface of the horn antenna has rotational symmetry. At the same time, the curved structure is parallel to the first light wall structure, and the support structure is used to support the dielectric block, and the materials of the support structure, the straight structure and the curved structure are all the same. Among them, the material of the dielectric block can be a material with the same properties such as polyimide.

[0055] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to radiate the target signal to the corresponding target space, the horn antenna needs to convert the main mode propagation mode into a target waveguide mode that matches the target space, and transmit the target waveguide mode to the radiation aperture with a suitable phase relationship. The dielectric block can ensure that the radiation characteristics of the horn antenna are not affected when the length is reduced, and to a certain extent, speed up the mode conversion speed inside the horn.

[0056] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third light wall input radius of the third light wall structure input end is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, forming a relatively strong discontinuity for the horn antenna, which can stimulate the TM transmitted inside the horn. 1m mode, which is beneficial to improve the TE transmission inside the speaker 1m The problem of uneven electric field strength distribution of the mode on the E-plane is solved, thereby improving the rotational axis symmetry of the horn antenna pattern and effectively reducing the cross-polarization level.

[0057] Figure 4 The overall schematic diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the overall schematic diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna corresponds to embodiment 300.

[0059] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the size parameters of the shaped horn antenna can be modeled and iteratively optimized through relevant simulation software to ensure the performance of the antenna.

[0060] For example, the size parameters of the shaped horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the size parameters of the traditional curve shaped horn antenna can be expressed as shown in Table 1 below.

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] Among them, r a represents the output radius of the first light wall, L1 represents the axial length of the first light wall structure, L2 represents the total axial length of the first light wall structure and the second light wall structure, r sIndicates the difference between the input radius of the third light wall and the output radius of the second light wall, L s represents the axial length of the third light wall structure, L3 represents the axial length of the curved structure of the dielectric block, and L4 represents the axial length of the straight structure of the dielectric block.

[0064] Based on the above Table 1, in order to better reflect the size difference between the shaped horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the traditional curved shaped horn antenna, the following will be Figure 5 The sizes of the shaped horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure and the traditional curved shaped horn antenna are compared.

[0065] Figure 5 A diagram schematically shows a size comparison between a shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a shaped light wall horn antenna in related art.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the ordinate is the radius of the horn antenna, and the abscissa is the axial coordinate position of the horn antenna. The length of the shaped light wall horn antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is only 29 mm, and the radius is 8.5 mm, while the length of the shaped light wall horn in the related art is 40 mm, and the radius is 8.5 mm. By comparison, it can be seen that by adding a third light wall structure to form a stepped structure, the overall length of the horn antenna is shortened by 27.5%.

[0067] In order to better reflect that the antenna performance of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is not affected when the size is reduced, the following will be Figure 6~Figure 14 The performance of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described.

[0068] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of the gain and standing wave ratio of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and the traditional curved shaped light wall horn antenna is schematically shown.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis is the operating frequency, the left vertical axis is the gain, and the right vertical axis is the standing wave ratio. In the operating frequency range of 45 GHz to 55 GHz, the gain of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure at the center frequency can reach 16.9 dB, and the gain is only reduced by about 0.6 dB compared with the traditional curved light wall horn antenna at the same frequency, and the standing wave ratio is less than 1.25.

[0070] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, at the horn radiation surface, TM 1m mode can effectively reduce TE 1m The magnetic field in the mode The length L of the third light wall structure can be adjusted to reduce the edge diffraction and side lobe level. s, so that the high-order modes reach the radiation port surface with the correct phase and are coupled and radiated, so as to achieve the rotational axis symmetry of the antenna radiation pattern.

[0071] In order to better reflect the symmetry of the directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure at different operating frequencies, the following will be Figure 7 to Figure 12 The directional patterns of the traditional curved shaped light wall horn antenna and the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure are compared at different operating frequencies.

[0072] Figure 7 The schematic diagram shows the radiation pattern of a traditional curved shaped light wall horn antenna at an operating frequency of 45 GHz.

[0073] Figure 8 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 45 GHz is schematically shown.

[0074] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis is the angle θ of the elevation plane in the polar coordinates of the target space, the vertical axis is the gain, E-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the E plane, E-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the E plane, H-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the H plane, and H-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the H plane. By comparison, it can be seen that at an operating frequency of 45 GHz, the directional pattern of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure has better symmetry than the traditional curve shaped horn.

[0075] Fig. 9 The directional diagram of a shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at an operating frequency of 50 GHz is schematically shown.

[0076] Fig.10 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 50 GHz is schematically shown.

[0077] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the horizontal axis is the angle θ of the elevation plane in the polar coordinates of the target space, the vertical axis is the gain, E-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the E plane, E-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the E plane, H-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the H plane, and H-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the H plane. By comparison, it can be seen that at an operating frequency of 45 GHz, the directional pattern of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure has better symmetry than the curved shaped horn in the related art, and the cross polarization level is better, and the side lobe level is effectively suppressed.

[0078] Fig.11 The directional diagram of a shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at an operating frequency of 55 GHz is schematically shown.

[0079] Fig.12 The directional diagram of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an operating frequency of 55 GHz is schematically shown.

[0080] like Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the horizontal axis is the angle θ of the elevation plane in the polar coordinates of the target space, the vertical axis is the gain, E-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the E plane, E-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the E plane, H-plane_Col-pol represents the main polarization gain of the H plane, and H-plane_X-pol represents the cross polarization of the H plane. By comparison, it can be seen that at an operating frequency of 55 GHz, the directional pattern of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure has better symmetry than the shaped horn in the related art, and the cross polarization level is better, and the side lobe level is effectively suppressed.

[0081] Fig.13 The figure schematically shows the axial ratio of the curve-shaped light-wall horn antenna in the related art.

[0082] Fig.14 The figure schematically shows the axial ratio of the shaped light wall horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0083] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the horizontal axis is the angle θ of the pitch plane in the polar coordinates of the target space, and the vertical axis is the antenna axial ratio. By comparison, it can be seen that the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present invention has an improved axial ratio performance while being shortened in size, and the distortion of the two vertical components of circular polarization during transmission inside the horn is reduced, and the axial ratio width is wider.

[0084] In summary, the performance parameters of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art at different operating frequency points can be expressed as shown in Table 2 below.

[0085] Table 2

[0086]

[0087] It can be seen that in the low frequency band, the side lobe level of the shaped light wall horn antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is better than that of the curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art, and the cross-polarization level in the entire working frequency band is less than -30dB, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is greater than 60°. Therefore, the transmission efficiency and receiving efficiency are higher than those of the curved shaped light wall horn antenna in the related art, and the horn antenna is shorter and the structure is more compact.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a third light wall structure is added to a shaped light wall horn composed of two light wall structures in the related art, so that the third light wall input end is connected to the second light wall output end, and the third light wall input radius is different from the second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so as to realize a step structure. The discontinuity between the third light wall input radius and the second light wall output radius is utilized to excite the target waveguide mode of the horn antenna, thereby radiating the target signal to the target space, thereby ensuring the performance while reducing the length of the horn. At the same time, a dielectric block is arranged on the inner wall of the first light wall structure, which speeds up the conversion speed of the mode inside the horn from the main mode of the transmission waveguide to the target waveguide mode matching the target space, thereby further improving the mode conversion efficiency of the horn.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the support structure includes a disk, the curved structure and the straight structure are connected through the support structure, and the edge of the support structure fits with the inner wall of the first light wall structure.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the supporting structure is used to fix the dielectric block on the inner wall of the curved shaped light wall horn antenna. In addition to being located between the curved structure and the straight structure, it can also be located at the end of the straight structure of the dielectric block or the beginning of the curved structure of the dielectric block. Physical support for the dielectric block can be achieved by changing the shape, thickness, etc. of the supporting structure.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the disc is a solid structure or a hollow structure. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the support structure can be a hollow disc composed of a ring and a plurality of spaced support columns.

[0092] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the support structure of a hollow structure disk according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0093] like Fig.15 As shown, the embodiment includes a curved structure 1510 and a straight structure 1520 of a dielectric block, and a support structure 1530 located between the curved structure 1510 and the straight structure 1520 , wherein the support structure 1530 includes a circular ring 1531 and a plurality of support columns 1532 .

[0094] Fig.16The overall schematic diagram of a shaped light wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0095] like Fig.16 As shown, the antenna 1600 includes a first light wall structure 1610, a second light wall structure 1620, a third light wall structure 1630 and a flange 1640, wherein the inner wall of the first light wall structure 1610 includes a dielectric block 1650, and the dielectric block 1650 includes a hollow disc-shaped support structure 1651, a curved structure 1652 and a straight structure 1653.

[0096] Fig.17 A perspective view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0097] like Fig.17 As shown, the perspective view corresponds to the antenna 1600 described above.

[0098] Fig.18 A top view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0099] like Fig.18 As shown, the top view corresponds to the antenna 1600 described above.

[0100] Fig.19 A bottom view of a shaped light-wall horn antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0101] like Fig.19 As shown, the bottom view corresponds to the antenna 1600 described above.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third light wall structure includes a straight wall surface structure or a variable angle wall surface structure.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wall surface of the straight wall surface structure is perpendicular to the central axis of the horn antenna, and the angle between the wall surface of the variable angle wall surface structure and the central axis of the horn antenna changes linearly or nonlinearly with the axis coordinate position.

[0104] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the straight wall structure is easier to process and manufacture than the variable angle wall structure.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna further includes a choke slot structure, which is connected to an outer wall of the third light wall structure.

[0106] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the choke slot structure is beneficial to reducing the diffraction of electromagnetic waves at the edge of the horn radiation aperture, thereby reducing the side lobe level of the horn antenna, and at the same time can further improve the gain of the low-frequency band antenna.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light wall structure further includes a first light wall input end, which is connected to the transmission waveguide, wherein a first light wall input radius of the first light wall input end is equal to a radius of the transmission waveguide.

[0108] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, taking a circular waveguide as an example, the main transmission mode of the circular waveguide is TE 11 The input radius of the first light wall and the radius of the transmission waveguide can be solved according to the following formula (1).

[0109] (1)

[0110] Among them, E is the electric field intensity, H is the magnetic field intensity, ω is the angular frequency, ε0 ​​is the vacuum dielectric constant, and μ0 is the vacuum magnetic permeability.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above formula (2) is the Helmholtz equation, using the boundary condition E of the transmission waveguide z =0 Solving the cutoff frequency of waveguide transmission, we can get the input radius r of the first light wall. i Satisfies 0.293λ <r i <0.609λ, ensure TE 11 mode can effectively transmit and TM 11 The cutoff of the mode. Where λ is the wavelength, which can be r i It is 3.05mm.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third light wall structure further includes a third light wall output end, and a third output radius of the third light wall output end is determined according to the target waveguide mode.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third output radius of the third light wall output end can be comprehensively determined based on the target waveguide mode to be excited and the antenna gain requirement, and can be determined through optimization of relevant simulation software.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first curve radius of the first light wall structure between the first light wall input end and the first light wall output end satisfies a first functional relationship, and the second curve radius of the second light wall structure between the second light wall input end and the second light wall output end satisfies a second functional relationship.

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (2).

[0116] (2)

[0117] Wherein, z is the axial coordinate of the horn antenna, r(z) is the first curve radius, and p is a function-related parameter.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (3).

[0119] (3)

[0120] Among them, q is a function-related parameter, and q=18 at this time.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function; the second functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sine function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (4).

[0123] (4)

[0124] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tangent function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (5).

[0125] (5)

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (6).

[0127] (6)

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the exponential function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (7).

[0129] (7)

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the hyperbolic function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (8).

[0131] (8)

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the polynomial curve function in the first functional relationship or the second functional relationship can be expressed as the following formula (9).

[0133] (9)

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a third curve radius between a start point and an end point of the curve structure satisfies a third functional relationship.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third function can be expressed as the following formula (10).

[0136] (10)

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, both the third curve radius and the radius of the straight line structure can be optimized and determined according to relevant simulation software.

[0138] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, changes in the radius of the first curve, changes in the radius of the second curve, and changes in the radius of the third curve of the dielectric block will all excite higher-order modes of different modes, phases, and amplitudes, and the length of the horn antenna will affect the phases of different modes arriving at the radiation port. By adjusting the parameters of the first function, the second function, and the third function as well as the length and radius of the horn antenna, the horn antenna can excite a suitable proportion of higher-order modes, and make them arrive at the radiation port with suitable amplitudes and phases, thereby achieving the axial symmetry of the radiation pattern.

[0139] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible implementation architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of a code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the features recorded in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways, even if such a combination or combination is not explicitly recorded in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teaching of the present disclosure, the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0140] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A shaped horn antenna, characterized in that: include: A first light wall structure, the first light wall structure comprises a first light wall output end, wherein the inner wall of the first light wall structure comprises a dielectric block, the dielectric block comprises a supporting structure, a curved structure and a straight structure, the curved structure is parallel to the first light wall structure, the supporting structure is used to support the dielectric block, and the dielectric block is rotationally symmetric about the axis of the horn antenna; A second light wall structure, the second light wall structure comprising a second light wall input end and a second light wall output end, wherein the second light wall input end is connected to the first light wall output end; a third light wall structure, the third light wall structure comprising a third light wall input end, the third light wall input end being connected to the second light wall output end, and a third light wall input radius of the third light wall structure input end being different from a second light wall output radius of the second light wall output end, so as to realize a stepped structure; The third light wall structure is used to excite the target waveguide mode of the antenna and radiate the target signal corresponding to the target waveguide mode to the target space.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The third light wall structure includes a straight wall structure or a variable angle wall structure.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna further includes a choke slot structure connected to an outer wall of the third light wall structure.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light wall structure further includes a first light wall input end, which is connected to the transmission waveguide, wherein a first light wall input radius of the first light wall input end is equal to a radius of the transmission waveguide.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first curve radius of the first light wall structure between the first light wall input end and the first light wall output end satisfies a first functional relationship, and a second curve radius of the second light wall structure between the second light wall input end and the second light wall output end satisfies a second functional relationship.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The first functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function; the second functional relationship includes one of the following: sine function, tangent function, power function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, polynomial curve function.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the supporting structure includes a circular disk, the curved structure and the straight structure are connected through the supporting structure, and the edge of the supporting structure is in contact with the inner wall of the first light wall structure.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disc is a solid structure or a hollow structure.

9. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third curve radius between the starting point and the end point of the curve structure satisfies a third functional relationship.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third light wall structure further includes a third light wall output end, and a third output radius of the third light wall output end is determined according to the target waveguide mode.

Images