Storage battery protection method without continuous power consumption

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage battery protection method without continuous power consumption. The method not only can realize conventional switch control of storage battery equipment, but also can realize zero continuous power consumption protection after undervoltage. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) forming a basic circuit by module circuits such as an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a relay and an MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) tube; 2) taking a super capacitor as an energy supply device for startup; 3) the whole circuit only needs one single-pole double-throw switch to realize all control and protection functions; and 4) the standby power consumption of the whole circuit is 0 no matter after the under-voltage protection or the shutdown. The problem that when a conventional storage battery protection circuit is in a standby state, low-power continuous power consumption always exists is solved, and meanwhile, the problem of continuous loss caused by long-time storage after the storage battery is shut down is also avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates generally to the protection of a battery pack, and in particular to the design of a zero continuous power consumption for undervoltage protection of a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing battery pack protection adopts a back-to-back topology of MOS tubes, but the working voltage of this structural circuit is directly provided by the battery pack. When the battery pack is discharged, the output can be effectively disconnected. However, the battery pack protection circuit after disconnection still has energy consumption such as voltage division detection and auxiliary power supply, so that the battery pack that is already undervoltage still has some continuous small power loss, thereby reducing the risk of irreversible complete damage of the battery pack and the risk of shortening the time of complete damage. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a battery protection method without continuous power consumption; the method uses supercapacitor charging to provide instantaneous power supply to ensure normal switching operation of the circuit, thereby reducing the power consumption of the protected circuit to 0.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The control and protection circuit is composed of an MCU unit, a single-pole double-throw switch, an optocoupler isolation driver, an LDO power supply, a supercapacitor energy storage, a MOS tube, a DC / DC power supply and a power relay.

[0006] When the battery voltage is within the normal range, the output of the battery is controlled on and off by toggling the single-pole double-throw switch.

[0007] The MCU performs sampling protection of the battery voltage, continuous driving signal of the MOS tube and switching signal of the relay.

[0008] Two isolation optocouplers provide power-on and power-off signals to the MCU input pins respectively.

[0009] The power-on signal energy for the entire circuit is provided by the supercapacitor.

[0010] The driving signal of the MOS tube is provided by LDO through a diode when the power is just turned on. After the MCU works stably, it is continuously provided by the MCU through another diode.

[0011] When the battery is under-voltage or shut down, the MOS tube will be in the cut-off state, the entire circuit has no continuous working part, and the power consumption drops to 0:

[0012] The present invention proposes a battery protection method without continuous power consumption. The method is suitable for switch control and undervoltage protection of energy storage equipment such as batteries, and has the characteristics of accurate switch control and no continuous standby power consumption.

[0013] The feasibility is mainly reflected in that the present invention can reduce the standby power consumption of the battery device to 0 while maintaining the switch control and undervoltage protection functions of the battery. Specifically, in the way of using supercapacitors for energy storage, the entire device only needs to retain one control switch to achieve battery control and undervoltage protection with zero continuous power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The basic circuit principle involved in the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 The switch control and protection logic of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the content described is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0017] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "middle", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or are directions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These directions or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery protection method without continuous power consumption includes:

[0024] The initial state of the battery device is set to be that the voltage is within the normal range and the switch is in the disconnected position O;

[0025] 1. Turn the switch K1 of the battery device to the closed control terminal C. The voltage in the supercapacitor C1 will power the LDO. The output of the LDO will provide a driving signal for the optocoupler U4. At the same time, the voltage will pass through the diode D1 to drive the MOS tube Q2, and Q2 will then turn on.

[0026] 2. After Q2 is turned on, resistors R4 and R5 divide the voltage for MCU to collect voltage. At the same time, DC / DC module U5 starts working and outputs voltage VCC. VCC voltage supplies power to MCU to make it work stably. At the same time, VCC provides a high level to the MCU pin through optocoupler U4 as a power-on detection signal.

[0027] 3. After the MCU detects the power-on signal, it provides a continuous driving signal to the transistor Q1, the transistor is turned on, and then the driving signal is continuously provided to the MOS tube Q2 through the diode D2, and the MOS tube Q2 is in a continuous conduction state;

[0028] 4. After all status detections are correct, the MCU outputs the driving signal of relay RY1, and the battery equipment supplies power to the load output;

[0029] 5. When the battery is discharged to the undervoltage protection value, the MCU will detect that the battery voltage is too low through the voltage divider resistor, and then disconnect the drive signal of the relay RY1 and the drive signal of the transistor Q1;

[0030] 6. When the driving signal of transistor Q1 is disconnected, it will be in the cut-off state. Because the energy of supercapacitor C1 will also be consumed when the device is started, diodes D1 and D2 will not provide driving signals to MOS tube Q2, and MOS tube Q2 is in the cut-off state;

[0031] 7. After the MOS tube Q2 is in the cut-off state, the voltage-dividing resistors R4 and R5 do not work, the DC / DC module U5 does not work, the VCC voltage disappears, and the entire circuit is in a no-power state, that is, there is no continuous standby power consumption;

[0032] 8. After the battery equipment is protected, the switch can be turned to the disconnect control O position, and the supercapacitor C1 will be fully charged again.

[0033] When the battery equipment is under voltage protection, the battery can be charged externally through diode D3. When the voltage is charged to the normal range, the switch K1 can be turned to the closed control C, and the relay RY1 continues to charge the battery to reduce charging loss.

[0034] Finally, it is to be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical application of the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, various changes can be made in form and details in this field and related fields without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption, characterized by: S1. Establish a basic circuit topology for battery protection. The circuit includes a single-pole double-throw switch for output control of the battery pack, an MCU unit for battery protection and switch logic judgment, an LDO for short-term power supply of the battery output startup circuit, a DC / DC power supply module for continuous power supply of the auxiliary circuit, a supercapacitor for energy storage during the switching process, two photoelectric isolation modules for high and low voltage isolation drive, a triode and a MOS tube for control of the auxiliary power supply of the battery negative electrode, two voltage divider resistors for sampling the battery voltage, a relay and diode combination for discharge output and charging of the battery pack, and two common cathode diodes for power-on drive of the MOS tube; S2, the battery voltage is within the normal range and the output is in the disconnected state as the starting state. At this time, the single-pole double-throw switch K1 is in the disconnected position O. The voltage of the supercapacitor C1 is finally maintained at the battery pack voltage U1 after a period of charging; S3. When the battery output is needed, the single-pole double-throw switch K1 is turned to the switch closing control C. At this time, the super capacitor C1 will supply power to the LDO through the switch. The output voltage of the LDO will provide a driving voltage to the MOS tube Q2 through the diode D1. The MOS tube Q2 will be turned on. After the DC / DC module is turned on, the input is powered on, and the output VCC of the module will have voltage. When VCC has voltage, the MCU starts working. S4, after the MCU works stably, it will detect that the photoelectric isolation module U4 provides a high-level signal, and then the MCU will provide a driving signal to the transistor Q1 to turn it on, and then the VCC voltage will provide a driving voltage to the MOS tube Q2 through the transistor Q1 and the diode D2 to keep it turned on; at the same time, the MCU will also collect the battery voltage through the voltage-dividing resistors R4 and R5 to determine whether the battery pack voltage is normal; S5. When the MCU detects that the battery voltage is within the normal range, it will provide a driving signal to the relay RY1 to close it, thereby completing the output closing control of the battery pack.

2. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the basic circuit topology components of the method and the functions of each component are listed, and S2-S5 clarify the basic control logic of the battery output closure under this method.

3. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation logic when the battery needs to disconnect the output within the normal voltage range includes: S6, turn the switch K1 to the disconnect control O, at this time the super capacitor will be charged through the photoelectric module U1 and the resistor R1. During the charging process, U1 will provide a high-level signal to the MCU. After detecting this high-level signal, the MCU will provide a low-level signal to the relay RY1, and the output will be disconnected; S7. After MCU detects the high-level signal provided by U1, it will also disconnect the driving signal of Q1. After Q1 has no driving signal, the MOS tube Q2 will also lose the driving signal. At this time, the LDO module U3 has no input due to the toggle of switch K1, so the MOS tube will be cut off. After the MOS tube is cut off, the DC / DC module has no input, the VCC voltage disappears, the MCU stops working, and the sampling circuit does not work.

4. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to S6-S7, the control logic of disconnecting the battery output in this method is clarified; after disconnection, the voltage of the supercapacitor C1 is equal to the voltage U1 of the battery; the sampling circuit and the auxiliary voltage module do not work, so there is no continuous standby power consumption.

5. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the battery is continuously outputting, the protection logic for battery pack undervoltage includes: S8, when the battery is under-voltage due to discharge, the MCU will detect that the analog signal value provided by the voltage-dividing resistors R4 and R5 is too low, and the MCU will disconnect the drive signal of the relay RY1 to disconnect the output; S9, when the output terminal comes, the MCU will disconnect the driving signal of the transistor Q1, thereby disconnecting the MOS tube Q2. Then the DC / DC module has no input, the VCC voltage disappears, the MCU stops working, and the sampling circuit does not work.

6. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the battery is under-voltage, the entire circuit is in a power-off state, without any power consumption, and the under-voltage battery will not continue to consume energy. At this time, the switch K1 can be turned to the disconnect control O.

7. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the battery is under-voltage protected, the reverse diode D3 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the relay RY1 to charge the battery; when the battery pack voltage rises to the point where the circuit can work normally, the switch K1 is turned to the closed control C, and then the execution steps S3-S5 are repeated to close the relay RY1 for charging, thereby bypassing the diode D3.

8. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower limit of the normal working voltage of the LDO module U3 and the DC / DC module U5 is much lower than the protection voltage value of the battery; after the battery is under-voltage protected, if the switch K1 is not turned to O, it needs to be turned to O and then back to C during charging.

9. A battery protection method without continuous power consumption according to claim 8, characterized in that: The value of supercapacitor C needs to be measured and calculated based on the power consumption of the entire circuit, the minimum operating voltage of the LDO, and the time required for the MCU to work stably.

10. The method for protecting a battery without continuous power consumption according to claim 8, characterized in that: This method only requires a control switch, which can control the output on and off and enable the protection function.

Images