Large-size transponder device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railway

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-size transponder device suitable for a 400kmh high-speed railway, the effective reference area of a transponder is increased by increasing the size of an antenna, so that the transponder is suitable for the condition that the line speed exceeds 400km / h, compared with a transponder with a standard size, the area of the effective reference area is increased, the interaction time between the transponder and vehicle-mounted BTM equipment is prolonged, and the service life of the transponder is prolonged. Even in a high-speed driving state, effective information transmission between the transponder and the vehicle-mounted BTM can be ensured; the isolation protection matching filter circuit of the transponder is added, when the power taking voltage of the transponder is too large, the isolation protection matching filter circuit can play a role in shunting and voltage reduction, and therefore the resistance of the transponder to large energy is improved; in addition, in cooperation with a corresponding signal processing method, it can be guaranteed that signals of the passive part and the active part are correctly processed, and then effective transmission of vehicle-ground information is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a large-size transponder device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railways. Background Art

[0002] The balise is a point-type device used to transmit information from the ground to the train. Currently, the balise transmission system widely used in domestic high-speed railways is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, its working principle is as follows: the on-board BTM (transponder transmission module) device generates a radio frequency signal with an operating frequency of 27.095MHz, which is transmitted downward through the on-board antenna installed at the bottom of the train. When the train reaches the effective range of the ground transponder, the ground transponder receives the 27.095MHz radio frequency signal sent by the on-board antenna through the internal antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into electrical energy through the rectifier and linear voltage regulator chip, and activates the transponder function. After the transponder is activated, it will continuously send a FSK signal with a center frequency of 4.234MHz to the area within its effective range through the internal antenna until the energy can no longer maintain the activation state of the transponder or the transponder switches to the rewrite message state. The FSK signal is the transponder uplink signal. The transponder uplink signal consists of two frequency points, which represent data "0" and "1" respectively. Its data transmission rate is 564.48kbit / s±2.5%, and the content of the transmission is the 1023-bit message information sent cyclically.

[0003] Since the transponder is a high-speed vehicle-ground interactive signal device, the signal interaction time is very short. Taking the speed of 300km / h as an example, the radio frequency interaction time between the vehicle antenna and the standard-sized transponder is about 6ms, and a complete message contains 1023 bits of information. The information transmission rate is 564.480kbit / s. When the train passes over the transponder at a speed of 300km / h, it can read about 3 complete transponder message information in a loop. For the transponder, the core technology of the transponder is to read out the 1023-bit message information stored in the transponder in a loop in the short time when it is activated by the vehicle antenna.

[0004] The transponders currently in use are all standard-size transponders. The effective reference area of ​​the standard size is 200mm×390mm. According to the TB / T3485-2017 Technical Conditions for Transmitter Transmission Systems, standard-size transponders can only be used for lines with speeds below 350km / h. When the line speed exceeds 350km / h, large-size transponders should be used.

[0005] Currently, the transponder includes the following three key technologies.

[0006] Key technology 1: Design of transponder antenna receiving and sending signal functions.

[0007] The onboard BTM device generates a radio frequency signal with an operating frequency of 27.095MHz, which is transmitted downward through the onboard antenna installed at the bottom of the train. When the train reaches the effective range of the ground transponder, the ground transponder receives the 27.095MHz radio frequency signal sent by the onboard antenna through the internal antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into electrical energy through the rectification and linear voltage regulator chip, and activates the transponder function. After the transponder is activated, it will continuously send an FSK signal with a center frequency of 4.234MHz to the area within its effective range through the internal antenna until the energy can no longer maintain the activation state of the transponder.

[0008] Key technology 2: Design of transponder message sending function.

[0009] For passive transponders, when the BTM or read-write tool sends an energy signal to the transponder through the "A4" interface, the 27M antenna of the transponder will resonate and receive the RF energy signal, which will be transmitted to the next stage through the isolation protection module. At this time, the next stage will rectify the AC signal and input it into the power module to convert it into a DC power supply to power the passive circuit of the transponder. The single-chip microcomputer is the core of the passive circuit and is responsible for reading the message data in the storage module and updating the message data in the storage module. When the transponder is activated, the single-chip microcomputer first reads the storage module and sends the message information to the FSK modulation amplifier module in the form of a data stream. The FSK modulation module modulates the data information into an FSK signal according to the high and low level pairs, and finally sends it out by the 4M antenna, which is the "A1" interface.

[0010] For the active part of the active transponder, when the "C interface" signal enters the transponder from the active transponder tail cable, it first passes through the isolation protection circuit, and then the duplexer divides the signal into two paths, one of which is converted into a DC power supply to power the entire active part circuit during the post-stage rectification and filtering process, and the other is converted into a DBPL square wave signal after adjustment and comparison and enters the FPGA. The FPGA does not cache the message, but will perform basic validity judgment on the signal. The judgment result and the message data signal are sent to the microcontroller and the combiner in two paths. After receiving the signal validity judgment result of the FPGA, the microcontroller will control the combiner to output the message signal. The passive part of the active transponder has the same structure as the passive transponder.

[0011] Key technology three: transponder and external interface design.

[0012] The transponder has two external interfaces, namely interface A and interface C. Interface A is a radio frequency interface, where interface A1 is responsible for sending FSK modulated message information to the vehicle-mounted antenna or transponder reading and writing tool, interface A4 receives the radio frequency energy signal sent by the vehicle-mounted equipment or transponder reading and writing tool, and interface A5 is used to rewrite the default message stored in the transponder; interface C is a wired communication interface between the active transponder and LEU, where interface C1 is used to receive message information sent by LEU, and interface C6 is used to receive energy signals sent by LEU.

[0013] The transponder solutions in the prior art, such as the Chinese invention patent "Transponder" with the authorization announcement number CN101442335B, are generally divided into two parts: passive circuit and active circuit. Figure 2 As shown. The core function of the passive part is message reading and writing control, which is generally controlled by a programmable device at the same time. The core function of the active part is to decode the C interface signal received from the LEU (ground electronic unit), and generally send the decoded data to the passive part through a programmable device (such as an FPGA chip).

[0014] There are three interfaces of the passive transponder: "A1" interface, "A4" interface, and "A5" interface. When the BTM or the read-write tool sends an energy signal to the transponder through the "A4" interface, the 27M antenna of the transponder will resonate and receive the RF energy signal, which will be transmitted to the subsequent stage through the isolation protection module. At this time, the subsequent stage will rectify the AC signal and input it into the power module to convert it into a DC power supply to power the passive circuit of the transponder. The single-chip microcomputer is the core of the passive circuit and is responsible for reading the message data in the storage module and updating the message data in the storage module. When the transponder is activated, the single-chip microcomputer first reads the storage module and sends the message information to the FSK modulation amplifier module in the form of a data stream. The FSK modulation module modulates the data information into an FSK signal according to the high and low level pairs, and finally sends it out by the 4M antenna, which is the "A1" interface. When the transponder receives a 9M signal after being activated, the 9M antenna will input the signal into the pin of the microcontroller after filtering, triggering the microcontroller to enter the message writing mode. At this time, it stops sending message information and shakes hands with the transponder read-write tool (BPT). After the transponder enters the message writing state, the BPT uses an amplitude modulated 27M signal to transmit data. The microcontroller will verify the data transmitted from the message signal extraction circuit and import it into the storage module to complete the message rewriting. The interface for writing messages is the "A5" interface.

[0015] The existing transponder workflow is as follows:

[0016] (1) Passive part message reading process:

[0017] (1.1) The vehicle-mounted antenna sends a radio frequency energy signal (A4 signal) to activate the passive circuit of the transponder;

[0018] (1.2) After the passive part of the transponder is activated, the programmable device is powered on and started;

[0019] (1.3) The transponder obtains the clock signal through the internal clock of the programmable device / external crystal oscillator frequency division, or extracts the clock signal from the RF energy signal;

[0020] (1.4) The programmable device sends instructions to the memory according to the program and reads the data content of the memory;

[0021] (1.5) The programmable device sends the 1023-bit message data in the memory to the uplink signal sending circuit in a seamless loop according to the program. The circuit modulates the data into an FSK signal (A1 signal) and sends it to the 4M antenna;

[0022] (1.6) Repeat steps (1.3) to (1.5) until the programmable device loses power or receives a higher priority interrupt signal.

[0023] (2) Passive part message rewriting process:

[0024] (2.1) The BPT sends a radio frequency energy signal (A4 signal) to activate the passive circuit of the transponder;

[0025] (2.2) After the passive part of the transponder is activated, the programmable device is powered on and started;

[0026] (2.3) The transponder obtains the clock signal through the internal clock of the programmable device / external crystal oscillator frequency division, or extracts the clock signal from the RF energy signal;

[0027] (2.4) BPT sends A5 signal to trigger the programmable device message rewriting function;

[0028] (2.5) The programmable device interacts with the BPT to confirm the permission to write messages;

[0029] (2.6) BPT cyclically sends a modulated signal to the transponder to rewrite the message data;

[0030] (2.7) After receiving the write message data signal, the programmable device sends a command to the memory to write the verified data into the memory;

[0031] (2.8) After writing is completed, the programmable device of the transponder sends an interactive signal to the BPT, and the BPT completes the message rewriting after reading back and verifying.

[0032] (3) Active part C interface data processing flow:

[0033] (3.1) The active part circuit receives the C interface signal sent by the LEU. The C interface signal is a composite signal of the superposition of the C1 and C6 signals;

[0034] (3.2) Convert the C interface signal into two signal components;

[0035] (3.3) After passing through the filter, the two signal components become C1 signal and C6 signal;

[0036] (3.4) The C6 signal is rectified and used to power the active circuit.

[0037] (3.5) FPGA decodes the C1 signal bit by bit and sends the decoded data to the passive uplink signal transmission circuit in real time;

[0038] (3.6) Repeat steps (3.1) to (3.5) until the C interface signal is interrupted or abnormal.

[0039] The characteristics of existing transponders are:

[0040] (1) The transponders currently in use are all standard-sized transponders, with an effective reference area of ​​200 mm × 390 mm. According to the TB / T3485-2017 Technical Requirements for Transmitter Transmission Systems, standard-sized transponders can only be used on lines with speeds below 350 km / h. When the line speed exceeds 350 km / h, the response time of the transponder is too short to ensure the quality of vehicle-to-ground information transmission and data security redundancy, which may affect the safety of high-speed driving.

[0041] (2) There are only four resonant matching circuits and protection circuits in the standard-sized transponder antenna structure. If the antenna size is directly enlarged proportionally, parameters such as field strength consistency will not meet the standards. Therefore, the antenna of the large-sized transponder needs to be redesigned.

[0042] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0043] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-size transponder device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railways, which can ensure accurate and complete transmission of messages under high-speed driving conditions and enhance the transponder's resistance to larger energy.

[0044] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0045] A large-size balise device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railways includes two types: a passive balise and an active balise. The passive balise includes a passive part, and the active balise includes a passive part and an active part.

[0046] The passive part includes: three types of antennas, isolation protection matching filter circuits, passive power supply modules, message signal extraction circuits, filter level trigger circuits, modulation and amplification modules, transparent transmission circuits, single-chip microcomputers and storage modules; the first type of antenna is connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit, and the isolation protection matching filter circuit is respectively connected to the passive power supply module and the message signal extraction circuit; the second type of antenna, modulation and amplification module, transparent transmission circuit, single-chip microcomputer and storage module are connected in sequence; the third type of antenna is connected to the filter level trigger circuit, and the filter level trigger circuit and the message signal extraction circuit are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer;

[0047] When an active part is included, the transparent transmission circuit is also connected to the active part;

[0048] According to the speed of 400 km / h, the first type of antenna is divided into multiple sections, and each section is respectively connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit.

[0049] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that the effective reference area of ​​the transponder is increased by increasing the antenna size, so that it is suitable for situations where the line speed exceeds 400 km / h. Compared with the standard-sized transponder, the interaction time between the transponder and the on-board BTM device is longer due to the increase in the area of ​​the effective reference area, and the effective information transmission between the transponder and the on-board BTM can be guaranteed even in high-speed driving. In addition, an isolation protection matching filter circuit is added to the transponder. When the power supply voltage of the transponder is too large, the isolation protection matching filter circuit can play a role in shunting and reducing the voltage, thereby improving the transponder's resistance to larger energy. In addition, in conjunction with the corresponding signal processing method, it can be ensured that the passive part and the active part signals are correctly processed, thereby ensuring the effective transmission of vehicle-ground information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the transponder boundary provided as background technology of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transponder in the prior art provided as the background technology of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-size transponder device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railway provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of the first type of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a tuning and matching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an isolation filter circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the layout of the second type of antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig. 9 A circuit diagram of a filter and a modulation amplification module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a large-size transponder device housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.11 A passive part control flow chart provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.12 A control flow chart of the active part provided for an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] First, the terms that may be used in this article are explained as follows:

[0065] The terms "include", "comprises", "contains", "has" or other descriptions with similar semantics should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including certain technical feature elements (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products or products, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only certain technical feature elements explicitly listed, but also other technical feature elements known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0066] The term "consisting of..." means excluding any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If this term is used in a claim, it will make the claim closed, so that it does not contain technical feature elements other than those explicitly listed, except for conventional impurities related to them. If this term only appears in a clause of a claim, it only limits the elements explicitly listed in that clause, and the elements recorded in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0067] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this article can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] When a dimension or other parameter is expressed in the form of a numerical range, the numerical range should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by the pairing of any upper limit, lower limit, and preferred value within the numerical range, regardless of whether the range is explicitly stated; for example, if a numerical range of "2 to 8" is stated, the numerical range should be interpreted as including ranges such as "2 to 7", "2 to 6", "5 to 7", "3 to 4 and 6 to 7", "3 to 5 and 7", "2 and 5 to 7", etc. Unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges stated herein include both their end values ​​and all integers and fractions within the numerical range.

[0069] The following is a detailed description of a large-size transponder device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railways provided by the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. If no specific conditions are specified in the embodiments of the present invention, the conventional conditions in the field or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. The instruments used in the embodiments of the present invention, for which the manufacturer is not specified, are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0070] Embodiment 1

[0071] The embodiment of the present invention provides a large-size balise device suitable for 400km / h high-speed railways, whose effective reference area is suitable for situations where the line speed exceeds 400km / h. The balise device includes two types: passive balises and active balises. The passive balise includes a passive part, and the active balise includes a passive part and an active part. Figure 3 As shown, the main structures of the passive part and the active part are as follows:

[0072] The passive part includes: three types of antennas, isolation protection matching filter circuits, passive power supply modules, message signal extraction circuits, filter level trigger circuits, modulation and amplification modules, transparent transmission circuits, single-chip microcomputers and storage modules; the first type of antenna is connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit, and the isolation protection matching filter circuit is respectively connected to the passive power supply module and the message signal extraction circuit; the second type of antenna, modulation and amplification module, transparent transmission circuit, single-chip microcomputer and storage module are connected in sequence; the third type of antenna is connected to the filter level trigger circuit, and the filter level trigger circuit and the message signal extraction circuit are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer; the transparent transmission circuit is connected to the active part, specifically to the FPGA in the active part; in addition, in order to be suitable for situations where the line speed exceeds 400km / h, the first type of antenna is divided into multiple sections, and each section is respectively connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit.

[0073] The active part includes: an input isolation protection circuit, a duplexer, a signal filtering and shaping circuit, an FPGA, a C4 signal module and an active power module; the input isolation protection circuit, the duplexer, the signal filtering and shaping circuit and the FPGA are connected in sequence; the duplexer is also connected to the C4 signal module and the active power module respectively.

[0074] As mentioned before, a passive transponder includes a passive part, and an active transponder includes a passive part and an active part. That is to say, for a passive transponder, it only includes Figure 3 The passive part of the transponder, for an active transponder, includes the entire Figure 3 The passive and active parts are shown.

[0075] The above-mentioned scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention increases the antenna size of the transponder, increases the effective range of the transponder, and increases the amount of data transmitted by the transponder to the on-board equipment when the train is running at high speed, thereby ensuring the accurate and complete transmission of messages under high-speed driving conditions; and also adds an isolation protection matching filter circuit to the transponder, which can effectively shunt and reduce the voltage when facing large energy, thereby further improving the stability of the transponder.

[0076] For ease of understanding, a detailed introduction to large-size transponder devices is given below.

[0077] 1. Introduction to antenna structure.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first type of antenna is a 27M antenna, which is responsible for receiving the 27MHz energy signal (i.e., A4 signal) sent by the vehicle-mounted antenna; the second type of antenna is a 4M antenna, which is responsible for sending the transponder message signal 4MHz (i.e., A1 signal); the third type of antenna is a 9M antenna, which is responsible for receiving the write message trigger 9MHz signal (i.e., A5 signal).

[0079] In the implementation of the present invention, according to the speed of 400km / h, the first type of antenna (i.e., 27M antenna) is divided into 8 antenna segments, such as Figure 4 As shown, to ensure the balance of the 8 antenna parameters, the length of each antenna is designed to be consistent (i.e. Figure 4 ①~⑧ in the figure are of equal length).

[0080] In the implementation of the present invention, the isolation protection matching filter circuit includes: a tuning matching circuit and a protection circuit connected in sequence; wherein the tuning matching circuit is responsible for electrical parameter tuning and matching, and the protection circuit is responsible for adjusting the resonance parameters when the circuit energy exceeds a threshold.

[0081] The tuning and matching circuit comprises: N branch structures connected in parallel, wherein the 1st branch structure to the N-1th branch structure are the same, a plurality of capacitors are connected in series on the branch structures, and a capacitor and an inductor are connected in series on the Nth branch structure; one end of the 1st branch structure is connected to the input end of the tuning and matching circuit, and the other end is connected to the first output end of the tuning and matching circuit, and a connection node is also provided inside the 1st branch structure, which is connected to the second output end of the tuning and matching circuit.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, an example of N=2 is provided, which includes two branch structures, wherein two capacitors are connected in series in the first branch structure, and a capacitor and an inductor are connected in series in the second branch structure and then connected in parallel at both ends of the first branch structure, and one end of the first branch structure is connected to the input end (ant_27M_1) of the tuning and matching circuit, and the other end is connected to the first output end (27M_ant_12) of the tuning and matching circuit, and a connection node is provided between the two capacitors of the first branch structure, which is connected to the second output end (27M_ant_1) of the tuning and matching circuit. Figure 5 In the figure, C is capacitance and L is inductance. The numbers behind them mainly serve as identification. The numbers behind each device mentioned later also serve a similar purpose.

[0083] In the implementation of the present invention, the protection circuit includes three sub-structures, and the first sub-structure is the same as the second sub-structure, both including: N switching diodes and N-1 inductors; the N diodes are connected in parallel, an inductor is connected between adjacent diodes, and all inductors are connected in parallel; the switching diodes of the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure are connected in parallel, each switching diode has a first port and a second port, the first ports of all switching diodes are connected to each other and to the ground, and the second ports of all switching diodes are connected to each other and to the third sub-structure; the third sub-structure is a leakage stabilization circuit.

[0084] When the voltage exceeds the threshold, the first port of the switching diode is connected to the ground wire, and the output is to the ground wire, converting the excess energy into heat. Specifically: the first substructure and the second substructure on the left side of the protection circuit are rectifier bridges, which are responsible for converting AC signals into DC levels. The protection circuit then controls whether to discharge to the ground according to the input voltage.

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, a structural example of a protection circuit is provided. In this example, the first part and the second part both include 4 switching diodes and 3 inductors. The two parts are respectively connected to an output end of a tuning matching circuit. Figure 6 Here, D represents a switching diode (eg, D201 to D209), and L represents an inductor.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, the isolation protection matching filter circuit further includes: an isolation filter circuit, whose input is two 27M antenna sensing energy signals (corresponding input ports are denoted as ant_27M_1 / 2), which are isolated and filtered and then output to the rectifier module; Figure 7 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the isolation filter circuit; the two inputs are respectively input to the transformer T1 through a capacitor and an inductor connected in parallel between the two inputs, and the transformer T1 outputs to the rectifier module.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second type of antenna (i.e., 4M antenna) has also been improved. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it is an example of the layout of a 4M antenna. The 4M antenna is divided into 8 segments. To ensure that it is not interfered by the 27MHz signal, a filter is configured on each segment. Similarly, to ensure the parameter balance of the 8 segments, the length of each segment is designed to be consistent (i.e. Figure 8 ①~⑧ are of equal length); and the 4M antenna is also equipped with a matching circuit.

[0088] like Fig. 9 As shown, a circuit example of a filter and a matching circuit is shown, where the 4 parts on the left and the 4 parts on the right are 8 filters, and the middle is a matching circuit; the matching circuit includes: two resistors (R35 and R36) in parallel, the first port of the parallel structure is connected to VCC, the second port is connected to the ground wire, and the second port is also connected to the 4 filters on the left and the 4 filters on the right. Considering that the third type of antenna (i.e., 9M antenna) can be implemented using the existing structural solution, it will not be described in detail.

[0089] 2. Introduction to the functions of the passive part and the active part.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the passive part is responsible for A interface communication (A1 sends uplink signal, A4 receives radio frequency energy signal, A5 message rewriting interaction), specifically: interacting with BTM through the first type antenna and the second type antenna, and interacting with the transponder reading and writing tool through the third type antenna (via the A5 interface), wherein the radio frequency energy signal from the BTM is received through the first type antenna (via the A4 interface), and the uplink signal is sent to the BTM through the second type antenna (via the A1 interface); and message rewriting interaction is performed through the third type antenna (via the A5 interface).

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, the active part is responsible for the C interface signal (C1 receives modulated data information, C6 energy), specifically: receives the C interface signal transmitted by the ground electronic unit, and divides it into C1 component and C6 component corresponding to the signal filtering and shaping circuit and the active power supply module after passing through the input isolation protection circuit and the duplexer. The function of the C4 signal module is to instantly reduce the input impedance of the transponder (i.e., instantaneously short-circuit both cables to the ground) when the transponder is activated by the vehicle-mounted antenna, and is used to transmit the information that the transponder is activated by the vehicle-mounted antenna to the LEU, and usually requires that the LEU cannot switch the message within at least 10ms.

[0092] The following is for Figure 3 The various circuits and input and output signals are introduced in this chapter.

[0093] 1. Description of each module of the passive part.

[0094] 27M antenna: Receives the 27M energy signal sent by the BTM antenna.

[0095] Isolation protection matching filter circuit: prevents the BTM antenna from sending excessive 27M energy signals to damage the transponder equipment.

[0096] Passive power supply module (including the rectifier module and power supply module of the passive part): rectifies the 27M energy signal into the DC voltage required for the transponder to work and supplies power to the passive part.

[0097] Message signal extraction circuit: In programming mode (i.e., message writing mode), the transponder message to be refreshed is extracted from the 27M signal and sent to the microcontroller.

[0098] Filter level trigger circuit: Filter the 9M signal. If the signal strength exceeds the threshold, it enters the message writing mode.

[0099] 9M antenna: Receives the 9M programming signal sent by the transponder programming tool.

[0100] 4M Antenna: Sends transponder uplink analog signal to BTM Antenna.

[0101] FSK modulation amplifier module: generates the transponder uplink signal.

[0102] Microcontroller: It is responsible for extracting data from the storage module when reading the message, and transferring the data to the storage module when rewriting the message.

[0103] Storage module: stores local message data.

[0104] 2. Description of each module of the active part.

[0105] Duplexer: Divides the input signal into two paths - DBPL signal and energy signal.

[0106] Active power module (including the rectifier and filter module and power module of the active part): rectifies and filters the power signal provided by the LEU (ground electronic unit) to provide power for the active part.

[0107] FPGA decoding module: Filters and shapes the DBPL signal sent by the LEU, and FPGA decodes the DBPL signal.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the transponder's ability to resist larger energies, the number of protection circuits of the transponder is increased to 8 (that is, the isolation protection matching filter circuit includes 8 protection circuits). When the transponder draws power from too high a voltage, the 8 protection circuits on the antenna can shunt and reduce the voltage, thereby further improving the transponder's ability to resist larger energies. Specifically, the size of the RF antenna is expanded from 200mm×390mm to 358mm×488mm, and 8 protection circuits are distributed on the edge of the 27M antenna. When the transponder draws power from too high a voltage, the 8 protection circuits on the antenna can shunt and reduce the voltage. Figure 6 Take the circuit shown as an example, where D201 to D208 form four full-wave rectifier bridges; Q201 and D210 form a leakage circuit, which starts to leak when the voltage value is too large; D209 plays a role in voltage configuration. This circuit can ensure that the maximum operating voltage of the transponder does not exceed 6.5V, and the normal operating voltage is between 5V and 6.5V.

[0109] In addition, the shell size of the large-size transponder device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is designed as follows: According to the specific design requirements in the "LKY1-YH-D and LKY2-YH-D Large-Size Transponders - System Structure Design Specifications", the mechanical size of the transponder is: 643mm×440mm (length×width), such as Fig.10 The active transponder is connected to the LEU through a cable, the cable model is LEU BSYYP. The transponder shell is pressed with 4341 (SMC-1) unsaturated polyester glass fiber molding compound.

[0110] 3. Signal processing solution for the passive part.

[0111] like Fig.11As shown, it mainly includes three parts: power supply control, message reading control and message writing control; among which:

[0112] The power supply control includes: activating after receiving the radio frequency energy signal of the BTM through the first type antenna, and supplying power to the passive part through the isolation protection matching filter circuit and the passive power supply module;

[0113] The message reading control includes: after the passive part is activated, an uplink signal is sent to the BTM through the single chip microcomputer, the storage module, the modulation and amplification module and the second type of antenna;

[0114] The message writing control comprises: after the passive part is activated, the signal of the transponder reading and writing tool is received through the third type antenna, and then written into the memory after verification by the single chip microcomputer.

[0115] The above three parts are introduced below.

[0116] 1. The process of power supply control.

[0117] (1) Activate after receiving the RF energy signal of BTM through the first type of antenna (27M antenna).

[0118] (2) The passive part is powered by the isolation protection matching filter circuit and the passive power supply module.

[0119] (3) Determine whether the third type antenna receives the signal (A5 interface signal) from the transponder reading and writing tool. If so, the microcontroller enters the message writing mode. If not, the microcontroller does not enter the message writing mode and maintains the message sending.

[0120] 2. Read the message control process.

[0121] (1) The BTM or read / write tool sends an energy signal to the transponder through the A4 interface.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the read / write tool may also send energy activation transponders ( Figure 3 ), read the message.

[0123] (2) The first type of antenna is activated after receiving the RF energy signal of the BTM.

[0124] (3) The single-chip microcomputer reads the storage module and sends the message information to the modulation and amplification module in the form of data stream;

[0125] (4) The modulation and amplification module modulates the message information into an FSK signal according to the high and low level pairs and sends it to the second type of antenna.

[0126] (5) The second type of antenna (4M antenna) sends the FSK signal to the BTM. This FSK signal is the uplink signal.

[0127] (6) Continue the above processes (3) to (5) until the energy can no longer maintain the transponder's activated state, or it is interrupted by a higher priority signal (such as message rewriting).

[0128] 3. Write the message control process.

[0129] (1) The first type of antenna receives the radio frequency energy signal of the BTM and activates it.

[0130] (2) Receive the signal (A5 interface signal) from the transponder reading and writing tool through the third type antenna (9M antenna).

[0131] (3) The third type of antenna converts the signal into a pulse signal and sends it to the microcontroller, that is, sends a trigger level to the microcontroller to put it into the message writing mode.

[0132] (4) After receiving the pulse signal, the microcontroller enters the message writing mode

[0133] (5) After the message rewriting control module is powered on, it receives the A5 interface signal and interacts with the transponder reading and writing tool through the 4M antenna and the 27M antenna.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present invention, both the reading and writing tool and the BTM device can read the message. The transponder sends the message to the reading and writing tool through the 4M antenna. The reading and writing tool can perform a read-back check, and the energy signal (27M energy signal) received by the 27M antenna can be used to activate the transponder and to transmit the information of the message.

[0135] (6) The MCU verifies the received data (27M energy signal with ASK modulation information). After the verification is passed, the data is written into the memory in a loop. After the writing is completed, the MCU feeds back the writing completion status signal to the transponder reading and writing tool through the 4M antenna.

[0136] (7) After receiving the write completion status signal from the transponder, the transponder read-write tool reads back the transponder message for verification. If the verification passes, it indicates that the message has been successfully rewritten. If the verification fails, it indicates that the message has failed to be written.

[0137] In the above process, two signal combinations are used to complete the message writing work: the 9M signal is responsible for triggering the microcontroller to enter the message writing mode; the 27M energy signal is modulated, and the message information is sent to the transponder through the energy signal in amplitude modulation ASK mode. The transponder has a message signal extraction circuit inside, which can convert the message information into 01 data and send it to the microcontroller.

[0138] 4. Signal processing solution for the active part.

[0139] like Fig.12 As shown, it mainly includes:

[0140] Receive the C interface signal transmitted by the ground electronic unit, and divide it into C1 component and C6 component after passing through the input isolation protection circuit and the duplexer;

[0141] C6 signal processing: The C6 component is input to the active power module, and after rectification and filtering, a DC power supply is obtained to power the active part;

[0142] C1 signal processing: C1 component is input to the signal filtering and shaping circuit, and then transmitted to the FPGA after being sorted and amplified; the FPGA decodes the data stream and sends it to the transparent transmission circuit of the passive part; if the transponder is in the activated state at this time, the data stream is modulated into FSK signal by the modulation and amplification module, and then sent to the BTM through the second type antenna. Specifically:

[0143] (1) Arrange and amplify the C1 signal to convert it into a square wave.

[0144] (2) The C1 signal converted into a square wave is sent to the FPGA chip for decoding.

[0145] (3) The FPGA sends the decoded 0-bit and 1-bit data streams to the transparent transmission circuit of the passive circuit.

[0146] (4) At this time, if the transponder is in an activated state, the data stream is sent to the modulation and amplification module, and finally becomes an uplink signal for external transmission.

[0147] (5) If the transponder is not in an activated state, the data flows to the transparent transmission circuit without output.

[0148] Through the above signal processing method, it can be ensured that the passive part and the active part signals are correctly processed, thereby ensuring the effective transmission of vehicle-ground information.

[0149] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A large-size balise device suitable for 400kmh high-speed railway, characterized in that: include: There are two types of transponders: passive transponders and active transponders. Passive transponders contain passive parts, while active transponders contain both passive and active parts. The passive part includes: three types of antennas, isolation protection matching filter circuits, passive power supply modules, message signal extraction circuits, filter level trigger circuits, modulation and amplification modules, transparent transmission circuits, single-chip microcomputers and storage modules; the first type of antenna is connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit, and the isolation protection matching filter circuit is respectively connected to the passive power supply module and the message signal extraction circuit; the second type of antenna, modulation and amplification module, transparent transmission circuit, single-chip microcomputer and storage module are connected in sequence; the third type of antenna is connected to the filter level trigger circuit, and the filter level trigger circuit and the message signal extraction circuit are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer; When an active part is included, the transparent transmission circuit is also connected to the active part; According to the speed of 400 km / h, the first type of antenna is divided into multiple sections, and each section is respectively connected to the isolation protection matching filter circuit.

2. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first type of antenna is a 27M antenna. According to a speed of 400 km / h, the first type of antenna is divided into 8 antenna segments, and the 8 antenna segments have the same length.

3. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation protection matching filter circuit comprises: a tuning matching circuit and a protection circuit connected in sequence; wherein the tuning matching circuit is responsible for tuning and matching electrical parameters, and the protection circuit is responsible for adjusting the resonance parameters when the circuit energy exceeds a threshold.

4. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tuning and matching circuit comprises: N branch structures connected in parallel, wherein the 1st branch structure to the N-1th branch structure are the same, a plurality of capacitors are connected in series on the branch structures, and a capacitor and an inductor are connected in series on the Nth branch structure; one end of the 1st branch structure is connected to the input end of the tuning and matching circuit, and the other end is connected to the first output end of the tuning and matching circuit, and a connection node is also provided inside the 1st branch structure, which is connected to the second output end of the tuning and matching circuit.

5. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The protection circuit includes three sub-structures, the first sub-structure is the same as the second sub-structure, and both include: N switching diodes and N-1 inductors; the N diodes are connected in parallel, an inductor is connected between adjacent diodes, and all inductors are connected in parallel; the switching diodes of the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure are connected in parallel, each switching diode has a first port and a second port, the first ports of all the switching diodes are connected to each other and to the ground, and the second ports of all the switching diodes are connected to each other and to the third sub-structure; the third sub-structure is a leakage current stabilizing circuit.

6. The large-size balise device for 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second type of antenna is a 4M antenna, which is divided into 8 antenna segments, and each antenna segment is configured with a filter.

7. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 6, characterized in that: The 4M antenna is also equipped with a matching circuit, and 4 filters are connected to the left and right sides of the matching circuit respectively. The matching circuit includes: two resistors in parallel, the first ports of the two parallel resistors are connected to VCC, the second ports are connected to the ground wire, and the second port is also connected to the 4 filters on the left and the 4 filters on the right.

8. The large-size balise device for 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive part is responsible for A interface communication, including: interacting with BTM through the first type antenna and the second type antenna, and interacting with the transponder reading and writing tool through the third type antenna, wherein the radio frequency energy signal from the BTM is received through the first type antenna, and the uplink signal is sent to the BTM through the second type antenna; and the message rewriting interaction is performed through the third type antenna.

9. The large-size balise device for 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active part includes: an input isolation protection circuit, a duplexer, a signal filtering and shaping circuit, an FPGA, a C4 signal module and an active power supply module; the input isolation protection circuit, the duplexer, the signal filtering and shaping circuit and the FPGA are connected in sequence; the FPGA is also connected to the transparent transmission circuit, and the duplexer is also connected to the C4 signal module and the active power supply module respectively.

10. A large-size balise device adapted to 400kmh high-speed railway according to claim 9, characterized in that: The active part is responsible for processing the C interface signal, including: receiving the C interface signal transmitted by the ground electronic unit, dividing it into C1 component and C6 component through the input isolation protection circuit and the duplexer, and transmitting it to the signal filtering and shaping circuit and the active power supply module.

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