Soil improvement and remediation device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil improvement and remediation device and method.The soil improvement and remediation device comprises a frame, a plow and plowing and remediation mechanisms, the plow and the plowing and remediation mechanisms are arranged on the frame, the plow is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame, and the plowing and remediation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the plow; an inlet of the distributing hopper faces the plow, and the lifting belt is obliquely arranged between the plow and the distributing hopper and is in butt joint with the inlet of the distributing hopper. When the plow carries out cultivation on a ridge, the lifting belt can convey soil distributed to the two sides into the material distributing hopper. The discharging plate is installed between the material distributing hopper and the discharging cavity, and the outer end of the discharging plate inclines downwards and extends into the discharging cavity. A plurality of spray heads can spray liquid medicine to the soil falling onto the unloading plate from the outlet of the distributing hopper, and the sprayed soil downwards slides into the mixing barrel. According to the soil conditioner, effective mixing of the conditioner and soil can be ensured, the improvement effect is improved, rapid and efficient improvement of the soil is achieved through the integrated operation process, and a higher-quality soil environment is provided for crop growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a soil improving and remediating device and method. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, ridged land is a common form of farmland cultivation. Ridged land can improve soil drainage, increase soil temperature, promote crop root growth, and thus increase crop yields. However, long-term use of ridged land cultivation will lead to a series of problems such as soil structure destruction, decreased fertility, and the breeding of pests and diseases. Especially in some areas with poor soil and low organic matter content, soil improvement and restoration of ridged land is particularly important.

[0003] As an effective means of soil pollution control and improvement, soil remediation technology has received extensive attention and application in recent years. Through physical, chemical and biological methods, pollutants in the soil can be transferred, absorbed, degraded and transformed to reduce their concentration or transform them into harmless substances to reduce their mobility and bioavailability in the environment, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful substances in the soil.

[0004] At present, the restoration process for ridged soil mostly follows a fixed pattern: first plow the land to loosen and level the soil; then till the soil to further break up the soil compaction and increase the looseness of the soil; then spray the soil with conditioners or nutrient solution to improve soil fertility and resistance to pests and diseases; finally, till the soil again to ensure that the conditioner and soil are fully mixed. Although this process can improve the soil condition to a certain extent, it has problems such as low efficiency, high energy consumption, cumbersome work steps and uneven improvement effects. What is particularly critical is that in the existing restoration process, plowing, tilling and spraying conditioners are often carried out in steps, which not only prolongs the operation cycle and increases labor costs, but also multiple tillages may lead to excessive damage to the soil structure, which is not conducive to the restoration of soil microecological balance.

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to study a device and method that can efficiently and accurately complete the soil remediation and improvement of ridged fields. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement and restoration device and method, which effectively solves the problems of long labor cycle, low operation efficiency and uneven improvement effect of existing ridging fields.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soil improvement and repair device, including a frame, and a plow and a plowing and repairing mechanism arranged on the frame, the plow is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame, and has a plow furrow capable of turning soil to the left and right sides, and the plowing and repairing mechanism is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the plow; the plowing and repairing mechanism includes a support frame, a material distribution hopper, a lifting belt, a spray assembly and a screw conveying assembly; the screw conveying assembly includes a mixing barrel, a material discharge chamber and a discharge plate, the mixing barrel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame in the longitudinal direction, the front end of the mixing barrel is provided with a material feed port, the rear end of the mixing barrel is provided with a material discharge port, an auger is installed in the mixing barrel, and the material discharge chamber is fixedly installed above the mixing barrel and is connected with the mixing barrel; the material distribution hopper The inlet faces the plow, and the lifting belt is inclined between the plow and the distribution hopper, and docked with the inlet of the distribution hopper; when the plow is working on the ridge, the lifting belt can transport the soil distributed to both sides to the distribution hopper respectively; the bottom outlet of the distribution hopper is vertically downward toward the discharge plate; the discharge plate is installed between the distribution hopper and the discharge cavity, and the outer end is inclined downward and extends into the discharge cavity; the spray assembly includes a plurality of nozzles and a supply assembly for supplying medicine to the nozzles; the supply assembly is arranged on a support frame outside the distribution hopper, and a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed on the outside of the distribution hopper, and the nozzles are facing the direction of the discharge plate, so that each nozzle can spray medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper to the discharge plate, and the soil after spraying slides down into the mixing barrel.

[0008] Furthermore, the support frame is symmetrically mounted on the vehicle frame, the mixing barrel is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame along the longitudinal direction by angle steel, the front end of the mixing barrel is welded and fixed with an arc shovel plate, and the arc shovel plate is butted with the inlet of the mixing barrel to form a feed port.

[0009] Furthermore, the discharge port on the mixing barrel is arranged to be inclined inward; a driving motor is fixedly installed at the rear end of the mixing barrel, and the driving motor is drivingly connected to the inner rotating shaft of the auger.

[0010] Furthermore, the spray assembly includes a spray rack, a medicine box, a water pump, a plurality of nozzles and a water pipe. The spray rack is fixed on an outer support frame. The medicine box, water pump and nozzles are all arranged on the spray rack. Among them, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed on the inner end of the spray rack, and the nozzles are facing the direction of the unloading plate. One end of the water pump is connected to the medicine box on the spray rack, and the other end is connected to each nozzle through a water pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a lifting belt, a lifting frame and a lifting motor. The lifting frame is vertically fixed to the inner bottom of the support frame in the transverse direction, and a vertical frame is fixed axially to the outer end of the lifting frame. The top and bottom of the lifting belt are respectively connected to the vertical frame and the inner end of the lifting frame through a rotating shaft. A lifting motor is also fixed on the side wall of one end of the lifting frame, and the output shaft of the lifting motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft at the bottom of the lifting belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the dividing hopper includes a dividing hopper cavity, a vibration motor, an arc plate, a spring seat and a top frame. The inside of the dividing hopper cavity is evenly provided with dividing holes, and arc plates are fixedly welded at the front and rear edges. A vibration motor is fixedly installed inside the dividing hopper cavity, and its top and bottom are fixedly connected to the support frame through spring seats respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc plate on the rear side of the distribution hopper cavity is higher than the front side, and a screening plate is fixedly installed on the top of the two arc plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the screening plate is an inclined and arc-shaped structure, and is butted against the end of the lifting belt. The front side of the screening plate extends forward to the outside of the material distribution hopper, and screening holes are evenly opened on the plate body.

[0015] Furthermore, a breaking up assembly is provided above the lifting belt, and the breaking up assembly includes a stand, a driving wheel, a roller, a belt and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the lifting belt, and a stand is axially fixed to the front end of the lifting frame. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the front and rear adjacent stands, and the roller is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft extends out of the stand and is fixedly mounted on the driven wheel. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are transmission-mounted with belts, and scattered teeth are evenly distributed on the roller.

[0016] The present invention also provides a soil improvement and restoration method, which uses the above-mentioned soil improvement and restoration device and comprises the following steps: Step 1: Connect the plow and the tillage repair mechanism to the frame respectively and load them on the agricultural machinery; Step 2: According to the distance between the ridge platform and the furrow, adjust the position of the plow and the support frame to ensure that the plow is placed in the middle of the ridge platform and the feeding ports of the mixing barrels on both sides correspond to the furrow. Then, tighten and lock the plow and the support frame to the frame respectively; Step 3: Drive the agricultural machinery equipment forward along the ridge field, start the lifting motor and the vibration motor synchronously, and the plow first plows the ridge platform, and its plow turns the ridge platform soil to both sides respectively, and the lifting belt transports the soil distributed to both sides of the ridge platform to the distribution hopper respectively, and at the same time, the soil at the ridge ditch is shoveled by the arc shovel plate at the front end of the mixing barrel into the mixing barrel; Step 4: As the lifting belt works, the roller is driven to rotate synchronously, so that the soil on the lifting belt is scattered by the scattered teeth on the roller; Step 5: Start the water pump to spray the medicine from the nozzle of the spray assembly, and spray the medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper to the discharge plate. The sprayed soil slides down along the discharge plate into the mixing barrel, and is mixed with the ditch soil under the action of the auger. The soil mixed by the mixing barrel is discharged from the discharge port to the inner side of the ditch; Step 6: After completing the improvement and repair of the farmland soil, the plowing and repair mechanism can be removed from the agricultural machinery and equipment, and the agricultural machinery and equipment can be driven to drive the plow to perform independent plowing operations, turning the ridge platform outward and mixing it with the original ridge ditch to form a new ridge field.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the soil improvement and repair device provided by the present invention can spray the improver on the soil of the ridge and the ridge respectively, so that the soil of the ridge and the ridge can be repaired and improved in a targeted manner. After spraying the improver, the ridger is used to plow the land, and the ridge is turned outward and mixed with the original ridge ditch, so that the improver in the soil is fully and evenly distributed, and at the same time, the original ridge is changed into a ridge, and the original ridge is re-ridged to become a new ridge. In this way, the soil can be repaired and improved, and the soil of the newly ridged field can be made more nutritious and fertile, and there is no need for too many plowing steps, thereby improving the yield and quality of crops, effectively reducing the probability of damage to the soil structure, and improving the quality protection of the soil.

[0018] The device of the present invention can integrate ploughing, tillage, spraying and mixing of improvers into one, reduce the number of operation steps, reduce energy consumption, and at the same time ensure the effective mixing of the improver and soil, improve the improvement effect, optimize the soil repair process of the ridge field through an integrated operation process, realize rapid and efficient soil improvement, and provide a better soil environment for crop growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the plow; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the tillage and restoration mechanism; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the spiral conveying component; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the spray assembly; Figure 8 A rear view structural schematic diagram of an implementation method; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the screening plate; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of breaking up components; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the locking assembly.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1-frame, 2-plow, 3-tillage repair mechanism, 4-support frame, 5-lifting assembly, 51-lifting belt, 52-protrusion, 53-lifting frame, 54-lifting motor, 55-guard plate, 6-dividing hopper, 61-dividing hopper cavity, 62-vibration motor, 63-arc plate, 64-spring seat, 641-top seat, 642-base, 643-vibration spring, 65-top frame, 66-dividing hole, 7-spraying assembly, 71-spraying frame, 72 -medicine box, 73-water pump, 74-nozzle, 75-water pipe, 8-screw conveying assembly, 81-feeding port, 82-mixing barrel, 83-discharging port, 84-mixing motor, 85-discharging plate, 86-discharging chamber, 9-scattering assembly, 91-stand, 92-driving wheel, 93-rotating shaft, 94-roller, 95-scattering teeth, 96-belt, 97-driven wheel, 10-screening plate, 11-connecting seat, 12-limiting seat, 13-card seat, 14-connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Embodiment 1, this embodiment aims to provide a soil improvement and repair device, which is mainly used to directly plow and repair the soil in the ridged farmland after the crops are harvested. In the prior art, the improvement and repair of the ridged field soil mainly adopts artificial fertilization, deep soil loosening, crop rotation and fallow and other methods. Although these methods can improve the soil quality to a certain extent, they have the defects of cumbersome operation, low efficiency, and uneven improvement effect. Especially for large-scale farmland, the manual improvement method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to ensure the consistency of the improvement effect. The soil improvement and repair device provided by the present invention can not only complete the repair and improvement of the soil, but also make the newly ridged field become a more nutritious and fertile soil, thereby increasing crop yields and farmland benefits.

[0022] This embodiment provides a soil improvement and restoration device, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the vehicle frame 1 includes a plow 2 and a tillage repair mechanism 3 arranged on the vehicle frame 1, wherein the plow 2 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the vehicle frame 1 and has a plow that can turn the soil to the left and right sides. The structure of the plow 2 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the direction of the arrow in the figure is the tillage direction of the soil. The tillage repair mechanism 3 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the plow 2, and the plow 2 is set in the front position between the adjacent tillage repair mechanisms 3. In actual application, the frame 1 is mounted on the agricultural machinery and equipment, and the agricultural machinery and equipment are driven to move in the farmland, which can synchronously drive the plow 2 and the tillage repair mechanisms 3 on both sides to synchronously operate the farmland, wherein the plows on both sides of the plow 2 can turn the ridge platform soil to both sides respectively, and the tillage repair mechanism 3 can not only repair the ridge platform soil, but also simultaneously till the soil in the ridge furrow, so that the improver in the soil is fully and evenly distributed.

[0023] Specifically, the tillage repair mechanism 3 in this embodiment includes a support frame 4, a feed hopper 6, a lifting belt 51, a spray assembly 7 and a screw conveyor assembly 8, etc. Figure 6 As shown, the spiral conveying assembly 8 includes a mixing barrel 82, a feeding chamber 86, a mixing motor 84, an auger and a discharge plate 85, etc., wherein the support frame 4 is symmetrically mounted on the vehicle frame 1, and the mixing barrel 82 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame 4 along the longitudinal direction by an angle steel, a feeding port 81 is provided at the front end of the mixing barrel 82, and a discharge port 83 is provided at the rear end of the mixing barrel 82, an auger is installed in the mixing barrel 82, and a driving motor is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the mixing barrel 82, and the driving motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 93 in the auger, and the feeding chamber 86 is fixedly mounted above the mixing barrel 82 and communicated with it.

[0024] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a curved shovel plate is welded and fixed at the front end of the mixing barrel 82, and the curved shovel plate is connected with the inlet of the mixing barrel 82 to form a feed port 81, so that as the frame 1 moves forward, the soil in the ditch can be shoveled into the inlet of the mixing barrel 82 by the curved shovel plate, and then the soil is transported backward under the action of the auger in the mixing barrel 82. In this embodiment, the discharge port 83 of the mixing barrel 82 is directed toward the plow 2, so the soil mixed by the mixing barrel 82 is discharged from the discharge port 83 to the inner side of the ditch, which is convenient for the later ridging operation.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, a feeding cavity 86 with a square opening is fixedly installed on the top of the mixing barrel 82, and a dividing hopper 6 is installed on the support frame 4 above the feeding cavity 86. A discharge plate 85 is fixedly arranged between the feeding cavity 86 and the dividing hopper 6, and the inner end of the discharge plate 85 is fixed on the support frame 4, and the outer end thereof extends obliquely downward into the feeding cavity 86. In this embodiment, the discharge plate 85 is used to receive the soil discharged from the bottom of the dividing hopper 6, and cooperates with the spray assembly 7 to realize the repair of the soil discharged from the dividing hopper 6 by spraying medicine.

[0026] In the specific structure, the material distribution hopper 6 of this embodiment includes a material distribution hopper chamber 61, a vibration motor 62, an arc plate 63, a spring seat 64 and a top frame 65, etc., wherein the material distribution holes 66 are evenly opened inside the material distribution hopper chamber 61, and arc plates 63 are fixedly welded at the front and rear edges thereof to prevent the soil in the material distribution hopper chamber 61 from shaking out from the front and rear sides of the hopper during vibration, thereby gathering the soil in the hopper chamber and ensuring the stability and safety of the material distribution hopper 6. Figure 4 As shown, a vibration motor 62 is fixedly installed inside the hopper chamber 61, and its top and bottom are fixedly connected to the support frame 4 through spring seats 64, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, taking the bottom installation position as an example, the spring seat 64 in this embodiment includes a top seat 641, a vibration spring 643 and a base 642, wherein the base 642 is fixed to the support frame 4, the top seat 641 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the arc plate 63, and a diagonal brace is provided on the top surface of the top seat 641, and the vibration spring 643 is fixedly installed between the base 642 and the top seat 641. A top frame 65 is provided on the top of the hopper chamber 61, and a spring seat 64 is provided below the top frame 65, and the base 642 of the spring seat 64 is fixedly installed on the spray frame 71.

[0027] The distributing hopper 6 of the present embodiment is arranged in this way. When the soil enters the distributing hopper 6, the vibration motor 62 is started to fully vibrate and shake the soil in the distributing hopper cavity 61 to disperse it, so as to destroy the adhesion between the soil particles, making the soil particles easier to disperse and less likely to form lumps, thereby effectively promoting the flow of the soil. The fully vibrated soil passes through the distributing holes 66 at the bottom and falls onto the inclined discharge plate 85. The arrangement of the distributing holes 66 enables the soil to be discharged evenly and orderly onto the discharge plate 85, significantly reducing the problems of soil accumulation and blockage, while facilitating uniform coverage and penetration during drug spraying, achieving better treatment effects, and also facilitating uniform mixing of the soil in the mixing barrel 82, thereby avoiding the occurrence of soil agglomeration and stratification, and ensuring the quality of the soil.

[0028] like Figure 7 As shown, the spray assembly 7 is arranged on the rear side of the distribution hopper 6. In this embodiment, the spray assembly 7 includes a spray frame 71, a medicine box 72, a water pump 73, a plurality of nozzles 74 and a water pipe 75. The outer side of the spray frame 71 is fixed on the support frame 4. The medicine box 72, the water pump 73 and the nozzles 74 are all arranged on the spray frame 71, among which a plurality of nozzles 74 are fixedly installed on the inner end of the spray frame 71, and the nozzles 74 face the direction of the discharge plate 85. One end of the water pump 73 is connected to the medicine box 72 on the spray frame 71, and the other end is connected to each nozzle 74 through a water pipe 75, so that each nozzle 74 can spray medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper 6 to the discharge plate 85, and the soil after spraying slides down into the mixing barrel 82.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a lifting assembly 5 is also provided between the plow 2 and the distribution hopper 6, and the distal end of the lifting assembly 5 is connected to the inner inlet of the distribution hopper 6. When the plow 2 is plowing on the ridge platform, the lifting assembly 5 can transport the soil distributed to both sides to the distribution hopper 6 respectively; in the specific structure, the lifting assembly 5 provided in this embodiment includes a lifting belt 51, a lifting frame 53 and a lifting motor 54, wherein the lifting frame 53 is fixed vertically to the inner bottom of the support frame 4 in the horizontal direction, and the outer end of the lifting frame 53 is fixed with a vertical frame in the axial direction, and the top and bottom of the lifting belt 51 are respectively connected to the vertical frame and the inner end of the lifting frame 53 through a rotating shaft 93, and a lifting motor 54 is also fixed on the side wall of one end of the lifting frame 53, and the output shaft of the lifting motor 54 is connected to the rotating shaft 93 at the bottom of the lifting belt 51, thereby driving the lifting motor 54 to work, and can drive the movement of the lifting belt 51. Further, protrusions 52 are evenly provided on the lifting belt 51, so as to reduce the probability of soil on the lifting belt 51 sliding downward.

[0030] Description of working principle: When the soil improvement and repair device provided in this embodiment is actually used, the frame 1 of the device is loaded on agricultural machinery and equipment, and the positions of the plow 2 and the support frame 4 are adaptively adjusted according to the distance between the ridge and the ridge ditch, so that the plow 2 is placed in the middle of the ridge, and the feeding ports 81 of the mixing barrels 82 on both sides correspond to the ridge ditch, and the agricultural machinery and equipment are driven to advance along the ridge field, and the lifting motor 54 and the vibration motor 62 are started synchronously. The plow 2 first plows the ridge, and its plow can turn the ridge soil to both sides respectively, preparing for subsequent soil repair and plowing treatment. At the same time, the lifting belt 51 moves under the drive of the lifting motor 54, and transports the soil distributed to both sides of the ridge to the distribution hopper 6 respectively.

[0031] See also Figure 8 In the direction of the arrow, the soil in the distribution hopper 6 is fully vibrated and shaken to disperse under the action of the vibration motor 62, thereby destroying the adhesion between the soil particles. The vibrated soil is more easily dispersed from the distribution holes 66 at the bottom of the distribution hopper cavity 61 and falls evenly to the inclined discharge plate 85; the water pump 73 is started to spray the medicine from each nozzle 74, thereby spraying the medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper 6 to the discharge plate 85, and the soil after spraying slides down along the discharge plate 85 into the mixing barrel 82.

[0032] In the process of transporting the ridge soil by the lifting belt 51, the soil at the ridge ditch is scooped up by the arc-shaped shovel plate at the front end of the mixing barrel 82 to the entrance of the mixing barrel 82, and then the soil is transported backwards under the action of the auger in the mixing barrel 82, so that the soil in the ridge and the soil in the ditch are mixed in the mixing barrel 82. The auger in the mixing barrel 82 rotates under the drive of the mixing motor 84 to transport the soil backwards, and in the transportation process, the soil and the medicine are fully mixed to achieve uniform distribution of the soil conditioner; finally, the soil mixed by the mixing barrel 82 is discharged from the discharge port 83 to the inner side of the ridge ditch, and is mixed with the original soil in the ridge ditch. In this way, the soil of the entire farmland has been plowed and repaired, and the conditioner in the soil has been fully and evenly distributed, providing a good soil environment for the growth of crops.

[0033] After the soil of the ridged field has been sprayed with the improver, the ridge-forming machine can be used to plow the field alone, turning the ridge platform outward and mixing it with the original furrow, so that the improver in the soil is fully and evenly distributed, and the original ridge platform is turned into a furrow, and the original furrow is re-ridged to become a new ridge platform. This can not only complete the repair and improvement of the soil, but also make the soil of the newly ridged field more nutritious and fertile, thereby improving the yield and quality of crops.

[0034] In addition, in actual application, several nozzles can also be set on the inner wall of the front side of the feeding chamber 86 above the mixing barrel 82. Each nozzle is connected to the medicine box 72 on the spray rack 71 through a water pipe, and the nozzle is directed to the mixing barrel 82, so that when the soil at the ridge is transported to the position of the feeding chamber 86, the soil in the ridge can also be sprayed with medicine, so that the soil of the ridge and the ridge can be repaired and improved in a targeted manner. It should be noted that when selecting a soil conditioner, it is necessary to consider whether there is a significant difference in the soil properties of the ridge and the ridge: if the soil properties of the two are similar, then it is usually feasible to use the same conditioner; but if there is a difference, for example, the soil on the ridge is relatively dry and the soil on the ridge is relatively moist, then it may be necessary to select conditioners with different functions to meet the needs of both. The formula of the conditioner is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. Through the soil improvement and repair device provided in this embodiment, the synchronous plowing, repair and improvement of farmland soil can be achieved, which improves the quality and fertility of the soil and contributes to the growth and yield of crops.

[0035] Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, with the increase of workload, the amount of soil transported to the distribution hopper 6 by the lifting belt 51 also increases continuously, while the amount of soil falling from the distribution hole 66 at the bottom of the distribution hopper cavity 61 to the mixing barrel 82 is certain, so soil accumulation in the distribution hopper 6 may occur. At the same time, there may be large clods of earth in the farmland, which may easily cause blockage of the distribution hole 66 in the hopper, thereby affecting the rate of material discharge and the quality of the spraying of the agent. In order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment arranges a screen plate 10 on the distribution hopper 6, and installs a breaking component 9 above the lifting belt 51.

[0036] like Figure 9-11 As shown, in the specific implementation structure, the arc plate 63 on the rear side of the hopper cavity 61 is higher than the front side, so that the top of the arc plates 63 on both sides form an inclined plane, and the screen plate 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the arc plates 63 on both sides. The screen plate 10 is docked with the end of the lifting belt 51, and the front side of the screen plate 10 extends forward to the outside of the hopper 6, and the screen plate 10 is inclined and has an arc-shaped bending structure. Screening holes are evenly opened on the plate body, so that the soil on the lifting belt 51 can be directly transported to the screen plate 10. Under the action of the vibration motor 62, the soil is vibrated and screened on the screen plate 10. Some larger and harder soil blocks cannot pass through the screening holes and will fall directly to the ground along the inclined structure of the screen plate 10, while the more scattered soil will pass through the screening holes and fall into the hopper cavity 61. In this way, through a vibration screening, the preliminary treatment and classification of the soil is achieved, which is convenient for spraying the medicine.

[0037] In addition, in order to further improve the processing efficiency and repair quality of the soil, the present embodiment further provides a breaking assembly 9 above the lifting belt 51, which is used to break up the softer soil blocks on the lifting belt 51 in advance. The breaking assembly 9 includes a stand 91, a driving wheel 92, a roller 94, a belt 96, a driven wheel 97, etc., wherein the driving wheel 92 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the lifting motor 54, and a stand 91 is axially fixed at the front end of the lifting frame 53, and the front and rear adjacent stands 91 are connected to each other. A rotating shaft 93 is rotatably installed on the upper part, and a roller 94 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 93. One end of the rotating shaft 93 extends out of the stand 91 and is fixedly mounted on a driven wheel 97. A belt 96 is mounted on the driving wheel 92 and the driven wheel 97, and scattered teeth 95 are evenly distributed on the roller 94. When the lifting motor 54 is driven to work, the transmission of the belt 96 can synchronously drive the rotation of the roller 94, so that the scattered teeth 95 on the roller 94 can be used to scatter the soil on the lifting belt 51.

[0038] This embodiment further improves the processing efficiency and improvement quality of the soil improvement and remediation device by adding a screening plate 10 and a breaking up component 9. The screening plate 10 realizes the preliminary processing and classification of the soil, avoiding the blockage of the separation holes 66 by larger soil blocks; and the breaking up component 9 further breaks up the soil, making the soil looser and easier to mix and react with the medicine.

[0039] Embodiment 3: This embodiment introduces the fastening method between the plow 2 and the frame 1.

[0040] like Fig.12 As shown, this embodiment provides a locking assembly for fastening and disassembling the plow 2 and the frame 1. In the specific structure, the locking assembly includes a connecting seat 11, a limiting seat 12, a clamping seat 13 and a connecting plate 14, wherein the connecting seat 11 is fixedly welded to the front side of the plow 2. In this embodiment, the connecting seat 1111 is an L-shaped structure, and a bottom plate is fixedly installed on the front side thereof, and bolts are arranged around the bottom plate. The clamping seat 13 is provided with the top of the frame 1, and is connected with the bolts on the connecting seat 11, so that the plow 2 is locked and fixed on the frame 1. Connecting plates 14 are provided on both sides of the clamping seat 13, and a limiting seat 12 is fixed on the side of the connecting plate 14 away from the other side. The limiting seat 12 is fixed to the frame 1 by bolt sets, and the top fixing bolts of adjacent connecting plates 14 are fixed by docking, so that the plow 2 and the connecting seat 11 are locked between the adjacent limiting seats 12 to prevent the plow 2 from shifting during operation. The plow 2 can also be removed from the frame 1 by screwing the bolts, which is convenient to use.

[0041] Embodiment 4, based on the above embodiments 1-3, this embodiment provides a soil improvement and restoration method, using the soil improvement and restoration device described in the above embodiments 1-3, specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: The plow 2 and the tillage repair mechanism 3 of the device are connected to the frame 1 through the locking assembly, and loaded on the agricultural machinery; then, according to the distance between the ridge platform and the furrow, the position of the plow 2 and the support frame 4 is adjusted to ensure that the plow 2 is placed in the middle of the ridge platform, and the feed ports 81 of the mixing barrels 82 on both sides correspond to the furrow, and then the plow 2 and the tillage repair mechanism 3 are respectively fastened and locked to the frame 1; Step 2: Drive the agricultural machinery equipment forward along the ridge field, start the lifting motor 54 and the vibration motor 62 synchronously, so that the plow 2 first plows the ridge platform, and its plow turns the ridge platform soil to both sides respectively, and the lifting belt 51 transports the soil distributed to both sides of the ridge platform to the distribution hopper 6 respectively, and at the same time, the soil at the ridge ditch is shoveled by the arc-shaped shovel plate at the front end of the mixing barrel 82 into the mixing barrel 82; Step 3: As the lifting belt 51 works, the roller 94 is synchronously driven to rotate, so that the soil on the lifting belt 51 is scattered by the scattered teeth 95 on the roller 94; Step 4: Start the water pump 73 to spray the medicine from the nozzle 74 of the spray assembly 7 to spray the medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper 6 onto the discharge plate 85. The sprayed soil slides down along the discharge plate 85 into the mixing barrel 82 and is mixed with the ridge soil under the action of the auger. Step 5: The soil mixed by the mixing barrel 82 is discharged from the discharge port 83 to the inner side of the ditch and mixed with the original soil in the ditch; Step 6: After completing the improvement and repair of the farmland soil, remove the plowing and repair mechanism 3 from the agricultural machinery equipment, so that the agricultural machinery equipment drives the plow 2 to perform independent plowing operations, turn the ridge platform outward and mix it with the original ridge ditch, so that the improver in the soil is fully and evenly distributed. After plowing, the original ridge platform is turned into a ridge ditch, and the original ridge ditch is re-ridged to become a new ridge platform, which is convenient for the planting of a new round of crops.

[0042] The soil improvement and restoration method provided in this embodiment can achieve synchronous tillage, restoration and improvement of farmland soil, improve soil quality and fertility, provide a good soil environment for crop growth, and thus increase crop yield and quality.

[0043] The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. The basic concept of the present invention is that the device can directly perform soil repair operations on ridged farmland after crop harvesting, and the soil of the ridge platform and the ridge ditch are repaired and improved respectively, and then the soil sprayed with the improver is mixed, so that the ridge platform is turned outward and mixed with the original ridge ditch, and the original ridge platform is turned into a ridge ditch after plowing the land with a ridger, and the original ridge ditch is ridged again to become a new ridge platform, which not only completes the repair and improvement of the soil, but also makes the newly ridged field become a more nutritious and fertile soil. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil improvement and restoration device, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a plow and a plowing and repairing mechanism arranged on the frame, the plow is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame, and has a plow furrow capable of turning soil to the left and right sides, and the plowing and repairing mechanism is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the plow; the plowing and repairing mechanism includes a support frame, a material distribution hopper, a lifting belt, a spray assembly and a screw conveying assembly; the screw conveying assembly includes a mixing barrel, a material discharge cavity and a discharge plate, the mixing barrel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame in the longitudinal direction, the front end of the mixing barrel is provided with a material feed port, the rear end of the mixing barrel is provided with a material discharge port, an auger is installed in the mixing barrel, and the material discharge cavity is fixedly installed above the mixing barrel and is connected with the mixing barrel; the inlet of the material distribution hopper faces the plow, and the lifting belt is inclined at between the plow and the distribution hopper, and docked with the inlet of the distribution hopper; when the plow is working on the ridge, the lifting belt can transport the soil distributed to both sides to the distribution hopper respectively; the bottom outlet of the distribution hopper is vertically downward toward the discharge plate; the discharge plate is installed between the distribution hopper and the discharge cavity, and the outer end is tilted downward and extends into the discharge cavity; the spray assembly includes a plurality of nozzles and a supply assembly for supplying medicine to the nozzles; the supply assembly is arranged on a support frame outside the distribution hopper, and a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed on the outside of the distribution hopper, and the nozzles are facing the direction of the discharge plate, so that each nozzle can spray medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper to the discharge plate, and the soil after spraying slides down into the mixing barrel.

2. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is symmetrically mounted on the vehicle frame, the mixing barrel is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame along the longitudinal direction by angle steel, the front end of the mixing barrel is welded and fixed with an arc shovel plate, and the arc shovel plate is butted with the inlet of the mixing barrel to form a feed inlet.

3. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material outlet on the mixing barrel is arranged to be inclined inward; a driving motor is fixedly installed on the rear end of the mixing barrel, and the driving motor is drivingly connected with the inner rotating shaft of the auger.

4. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes a spray frame, a medicine box, a water pump, a plurality of nozzles and a water pipe. The spray frame is fixed on the outer support frame. The medicine box, water pump and nozzles are all arranged on the spray frame. Among them, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed on the inner end of the spray frame, and the nozzles are facing the unloading plate. One end of the water pump is connected to the medicine box on the spray frame, and the other end is connected to each nozzle through a water pipe.

5. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly includes a lifting belt, a lifting frame and a lifting motor. The lifting frame is vertically fixed to the inner bottom of the support frame in the horizontal direction, and a vertical frame is fixed to the outer end of the lifting frame in the axial direction. The top and bottom of the lifting belt are respectively connected to the vertical frame and the inner end of the lifting frame through a rotating shaft. A lifting motor is also fixed to the side wall of one end of the lifting frame, and the output shaft of the lifting motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft at the bottom of the lifting belt.

6. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distribution hopper includes a material distribution hopper cavity, a vibration motor, an arc plate, a spring seat and a top frame. The interior of the material distribution hopper cavity is evenly provided with material distribution holes, and arc plates are fixedly welded at the front and rear edges thereof. A vibration motor is fixedly installed inside the material distribution hopper cavity, and the top and bottom thereof are fixedly connected to the support frame through spring seats respectively.

7. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The arc plate at the rear side of the material distribution hopper cavity is higher than the front side, and a screening plate is fixedly installed on the top of the two arc plates.

8. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screening plate is in an inclined and arc-shaped structure and is butted against the end of the lifting belt. The front side of the screening plate extends forward to the outside of the material distribution hopper, and screening holes are evenly opened on the plate body.

9. The soil improvement and restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A breaking up assembly is also provided above the lifting belt, and the breaking up assembly includes a stand, a driving wheel, a roller, a belt and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the lifting belt, and a stand is axially fixed to the front end of the lifting frame. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the front and rear adjacent stands, and the roller is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft extends out of the stand and is fixedly mounted on the driven wheel. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are transmission-mounted with belts, and scattered teeth are evenly distributed on the roller.

10. A soil improvement and restoration method, using the soil improvement and restoration device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Connect the plow and the tillage repair mechanism to the frame respectively and load them on the agricultural machinery; Step 2: According to the distance between the ridge platform and the furrow, adjust the position of the plow and the support frame to ensure that the plow is placed in the middle of the ridge platform and the feeding ports of the mixing barrels on both sides correspond to the furrow. Then, tighten and lock the plow and the support frame to the frame respectively; Step 3: Drive the agricultural machinery equipment forward along the ridge field, start the lifting motor and the vibration motor synchronously, and the plow first plows the ridge platform, and its plow turns the ridge platform soil to both sides respectively, and the lifting belt transports the soil distributed to both sides of the ridge platform to the distribution hopper respectively, and at the same time, the soil at the ridge ditch is shoveled by the arc shovel plate at the front end of the mixing barrel into the mixing barrel; Step 4: As the lifting belt works, the roller is driven to rotate synchronously, so that the soil on the lifting belt is scattered by the scattered teeth on the roller; Step 5: Start the water pump to spray the medicine from the nozzle of the spray assembly, and spray the medicine on the soil falling from the outlet of the distribution hopper to the discharge plate. The sprayed soil slides down along the discharge plate into the mixing barrel, and is mixed with the ditch soil under the action of the auger. The soil mixed by the mixing barrel is discharged from the discharge port to the inner side of the ditch; Step 6: After completing the improvement and repair of the farmland soil, the plowing and repair mechanism can be removed from the agricultural machinery and equipment, and the agricultural machinery and equipment can be driven to drive the plow to perform independent plowing operations, turning the ridge platform outward and mixing it with the original ridge ditch to form a new ridge field.

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